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Amino AcidsSequence Homology, Amino AcidAmino Acid SequenceAmino Acid SubstitutionCloning, MolecularAmino Acids, EssentialAmino Acid Transport SystemsSequence AlignmentAmino Acid MotifsBase SequenceEscherichia coliMutationBinding SitesMutagenesis, Site-DirectedDNA, ComplementaryAmino Acids, AromaticSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acids, Branched-ChainPeptide FragmentsAmino Acids, SulfurKineticsRecombinant ProteinsLeucineProtein ConformationModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipProtein Structure, TertiarySubstrate SpecificityDNAMolecular WeightPeptidesProtein BindingBacterial ProteinsRestriction MappingCell LinePhylogenyAlanineRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSequence Analysis, DNAGenes, BacterialProteinsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelRNA, MessengerAmino Acid Transport Systems, BasicProtein Structure, SecondaryPlasmidsConserved SequenceIsoleucineAmino Acids, BasicLysineSpecies SpecificityChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDNA PrimersCarrier ProteinsCodonCyanogen BromideTrypsinGlycineCattleBiological TransportAmino Acids, DiaminoGlutamineOpen Reading FramesGenesValineProtein BiosynthesisExcitatory Amino AcidsMethionineArginineAspartic AcidGene LibrarySaccharomyces cerevisiaeSequence DeletionSequence AnalysisPolymerase Chain ReactionNitrogenProlinePhenylalaninePoint MutationMutagenesisAmino Acid Transport System AAmino Acids, NeutralCysteineTryptophanTransfectionTranscription, GeneticMembrane ProteinsDNA, BacterialBlotting, NorthernMacromolecular SubstancesEvolution, MolecularSequence Analysis, ProteinViral ProteinsGene ExpressionPlant ProteinsThreonineReceptors, Amino AcidRabbitsEpitopes
PeptidesProteinsNucleotideHeptapeptidesSubstitutionsDerivativesEnzymesChiralUnnaturalHydrolysisMoleculesPropanoic acidResiduesPeptide synthesisMoleculePROTEINEstersGastric acid secretionCatalystCatalystsReactionPathwaysSerineCarboxylic acidSYNTHASEAsymmetricPrecursorStructuralAmineAccumulationCatalysisOrganicCarbon chainPresentSideMolecularStructureMarineShows
Peptides13
  • In many cases, the peptides must also contain a specific sequence of amino acid residues so enzymes recognise them as a substrate - the enzyme will then modify a different part of the peptide known as the core peptide. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Peptides can also be made by inter- and intramolecular click reactions using azide or alkyne containing amino acids or building blocks during peptide synthesis. (genengnews.com)
  • Building blocks containing clickable moieties are instrumental in constructing side-chain modified peptides, interside-chain peptide chimera, peptide small molecule conjugates, and cyclic peptides. (genengnews.com)
  • Both peptides contain a cyclic six aminoacid ring, because of the disulfide bond formed by two cysteine residues. (frontiersin.org)
  • These derivatives are useful tools for the synthesis of cyclic and branched peptides and peptides carrying side-chain modifications. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 2021 Macrocylases as synthetic tools for ligand synthesis: enzymatic synthesis of cyclic peptides containing metal-binding amino acids. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Despite this, cyclic peptides remain underexplored as chiral ligands for catalysis due to synthetic complications upon macrocyclization. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Here, we show that the solid-phase synthesis of peptides containing metal-binding amino acids, bipyridylalanine (1), phenyl pyridylalanine (2) and N,N-dimethylhistidine (3), can be combined with peptide macrocylization using peptide cyclase 1 (PCY1) to yield cyclic peptides under mild conditions. (ed.ac.uk)
  • This study shows that PCY1 can tolerate peptides containing amino acids with classic inorganic and organometallic ligands as side chains, opening the door to the streamlined and efficient development of cyclic peptides as metal ligands. (ed.ac.uk)
  • The ring conformations of all observed cyclic tetra -peptides and -depsipeptides were found to correspond, more or less exactly, to some conformation in the calculated low energy set of cyclotetraglycyl. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Preprobrevinin-1CEa and CEb were identified as members of the brevinin-1 family of antimicrobial peptides, because both peptides contain a "Rana box" that is responsible for forming C-terminal Cys-bridged cyclic heptapeptides. (bioone.org)
  • The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of preprochensinin-1 were not similar to any known amphibian skin defensive peptides. (bioone.org)
  • Four bioactive peptides were chemically synthesized according to the deduced amino acid sequences of six prepropeptides from R. chensinensis skin, and their antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and haemolytic properties were evaluated. (bioone.org)
Proteins6
Nucleotide4
  • indicates amino acid change that require more complex mutation than single nucleotide substitution. (lu.se)
  • 2′,3′-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.37, CNPase, systematic name nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic-phosphate 2′-nucleotidohydrolase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CNP gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiple single scrapie strain and, after each of 3 successive passages in nucleotide polymorphisms resulting in amino acid changes the new species, analyzed abnormal proteinase K (PK)- resistant prion protein (PrPres) glycoform ratios, PrPres PK that control susceptibility to TSE disease have been identi- sensitivity, incubation periods, and lesion profi les. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyclic and customized orders of nucleotide dispensation were evaluated, and pyrosequencing results were compared to those generated using NGS. (cdc.gov)
Heptapeptides2
Substitutions3
  • Finally, although multiple amino acid substitutions of T4 abolished glycosylation at N2 but were not toxic, similar substitutions of T17 were not tolerated, suggesting that the carbohydrate moiety at N15 is critical for cell viability. (jneurosci.org)
  • A library of ~27,000 enzymes is generated by breeding combinations of natural amino-acid substitutions from the cyclic into the linear producer. (sri.com)
  • Our findings demonstrate a broad inhibitory activity of pimodivir and expand the existing knowledge of amino acid substitutions that can reduce susceptibility to this investigational antiviral. (cdc.gov)
Derivatives2
  • It was observed that for these derivatives the cis, trans, cis, trans sequence of amino acids is more stable than the all trans sequence. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Glavač, D., Jerić, I. & Gredičak, M. (2019) Organocatalytic Synthesis of α,α-Diaryl Substituted α-Amino Acid Derivatives by an Interrupted Three-Component Ugi Reaction . (irb.hr)
Enzymes2
  • Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic GMP to yield guanosine-5'-phosphate. (umassmed.edu)
  • The synthesis of the peptide stem of bacterial peptidoglycan involves four enzymes, the Mur ligases (MurC, D, E and F). Among them, MurD is responsible for the ATP-dependent addition of d -glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc- l -Ala, a reaction which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. (degruyter.com)
Chiral3
  • A series of ONO-tridentate Schiff base ligands derived from chiral and achiral amino alcohols and amino acids were synthesized and reacted with AlEt 3 to provide dimeric aluminum complexes. (acs.org)
  • Beriša, A. & Gredičak, M. (2023) Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of 2,5-disubstituted and 2-monosubstituted pyrroles with isoindolinone-derived ketimines . (irb.hr)
  • Glavač, D. & Gredičak, M. (2022) Construction of chiral Betti base precursors containing a congested quaternary stereogenic center via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed arylation of isoindolinone-derived ketimines . (irb.hr)
Unnatural3
  • J. Kowalski and M.A. Lipton, "Solid Phase Sythesis of a Diketopiperazine Catalyst Containing the Unnatural Amino Acid (S)-Norarginine. (purdue.edu)
  • Unnatural amino acids, the non-proteinogenic amino acids that either occur naturally or are chemically synthesized, are becoming more and more important as tools for modern drug discovery research. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Precursor-directed biosynthesis has been used to generate unnatural massetolides 11-13 incorporating nonprotein amino acids. (ubc.ca)
Hydrolysis1
  • It is named for its ability to catalyze the phosphodiester hydrolysis of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotides to 2'-nucleotides, though a cohesive understanding of its specific physiologic functions are still ambiguous. (wikipedia.org)
Molecules5
  • An algorithm, based on Molecular Mechanics calculations, was developed to locate the Global Minimum Energy Conformation (GMEC) of cyclic molecules. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Many of Nature and apos;s most potent molecules have within their structure, a cyclic arrangement of atoms. (europa.eu)
  • In fact, cyclic organic molecules have an important role to play in all areas of life. (europa.eu)
  • Endopeptidase, also known as endoproteinase, is basically proteolytic peptidases that split peptide bonds in the molecules of non-terminal amino acids. (herbs2000.com)
  • Endopeptidases break the amino acids' peptide bonds inside protein molecules. (herbs2000.com)
Propanoic acid2
  • Fmoc- protected for solid phase synthesis), propargyl amino acids, PEG azide and alkynes (Maleimide-PEG3-Azide and acetylene PEG maleimide for pegylation), alkyne and azide containing chemical modification reagents (propargyl amine, 1-(2-nitrophenyl) propargyl alcohol, succinidyl-hex-5-ynoate, succinimidyl-4-azovalerate, pentynoic acid, 2-azido-3-methyl propanoic acid) and Diazo transfer reagents (imidazole-1-sulfonyl azide). (genengnews.com)
  • The primary suffix name for an aliphatic carboxylic acid is based on the ' longest carbon chain name *' for the - COOH bond system e.g. ethanoic acid, propanoic acid etc. (docbrown.info)
Residues1
  • In total, colistin has ten orderly assembled amino acid residues [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Peptide synthesis1
  • Click chemistry is compatible with various protected amino acid side chains used in peptide synthesis. (genengnews.com)
Molecule3
  • An amino acid molecule contains at least one carboxylic acid group ( -COOH ) and at least one amine group ( -NH 2 ). (docbrown.info)
  • The cyclic peroxide then decomposes to give 3-aminophthalate (3-amino-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid) in an excited state, along with a molecule of nitrogen (N 2 ) - see Figure 3 , below. (scienceinschool.org)
  • This decomposition reaction is favoured because the cyclic peroxide molecule is highly unstable, and the reaction involves breaking some weak bonds. (scienceinschool.org)
PROTEIN7
  • CNPase catalyzes the following reaction: nucleoside 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } nucleoside 2′-phosphate CNPase is a myelin-associated enzyme that makes up 4% of total CNS myelin protein, and is thought to undergo significant age-associated changes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • Dock cyclic peptide with non-canonical amino acids to protein target using rosetta flexpepdock? (rosettacommons.org)
  • The amino acid sequence of the prion protein (PrP) is sion are not well understood. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, 2 poly- amino acids 108 and 189 are associated with either short morphic regions of the prion protein amino acid sequence (Leu108/Thr189) or long (Phe108/Val189) incubation pe- correlated with profi le differences in these TSE-infected riods in mice ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Esters2
  • The Baeyer-Villiger oxidation is the oxidative cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond adjacent to a carbonyl, which converts the ketones to esters and the cyclic ketones to lactones. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Acrolein is used largely as an unisolated intermediate in the manufacture of acrylic acid, most of which is converted to its lower alkyl esters. (cdc.gov)
Gastric acid secretion3
  • In most patients, hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria occurs because of inhibited gastric acid secretion. (medscape.com)
  • Cimetidine is an over the counter ant-acid or anti-ulcer drug otherwise known as Tagamet, and as such inhibits gastric acid secretion via histamine type (H2) receptors on parietal cells (in the stomach. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • This led them to the idea that viral release is regulated in the same way as gastric acid secretion, and to discover that cimetidine has broad anti-retroviral activity. (i-sis.org.uk)
Catalyst2
  • We also have developed a novel, cyclic dipeptide catalyst (1) for an asymmetric variant of the Strecker amino acid synthesis. (purdue.edu)
  • The Friedel-Crafts acylation is the reaction of an arene with acyl chlorides or anhydrides using a strong Lewis acid catalyst. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Catalysts1
  • This has led to a broad effort directed toward the use of cyclic dipeptide catalysts (e.g., 2) in asymmetric carbon-carbon bond forming reactions. (purdue.edu)
Reaction1
  • The Biginelli Reaction is an acid-catalyzed, three-component reaction between an aldehyde, b-ketoester, and urea that produces tetrahydropyrimidones, which have potential pharmaceutical applications. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Pathways1
  • Immediate activation of chemosensory neuron gene expression by bacterial metabolites is selectively induced by distinct cyclic GMP-dependent pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. (harvard.edu)
Serine1
  • For instance, one family of endopeptide belongs to the serine family, which contain an amino acid called serine at the protease's active site. (herbs2000.com)
Carboxylic acid1
  • This is the 2nd carbon atom in the chain next to the carboxylic acid group. (docbrown.info)
SYNTHASE1
  • We begin with amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS) and ( E)-β-farnesene synthase (BFS), a pair of terpene synthases that produce cyclic or linear terpenes, respectively. (sri.com)
Asymmetric2
  • M.S Iyer, N. Namdev, K. Gigstad, and M.A.Lipton, "Asymmetric Catalysis of the Strecker Synthesis by a Cyclic Dipeptide," J. Am. Chem. (purdue.edu)
  • The specific objectives are: - prepare N-heterocyclic frameworks by the cyclization of lactam substrates - assess the generality of the co-solvent `directing phenomenon - develop an asymmetric synthesis of new, cyclic a-amino acids - carry out a `directed, asymmetric synthesis of the core of the biologically active natural product, stolonidiol New organic reactions that allow drugs and other active agents to be constructed rapidly save time and other resources. (europa.eu)
Precursor1
  • The biosynthesis of ansamycin antibiotics, including rifamycin B, involves the synthesis of an aromatic precursor, 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (AHBA), which serves as starter for the assembly of the antibiotics' polyketide backbone. (rcsb.org)
Structural2
  • The structural integrity of the N-terminus is sensitive to changes in amino acid sequence surrounding N2 and possibly dependent on the presence of the carbohydrate moiety itself at N15 ( Tam and Moritz, 2009 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Similarly, in the chemical industries, cyclic structural motifs are present in many products. (europa.eu)
Amine3
  • If the amine group is on the first carbon that can have a hydrogen atom substituted by a another different atom of group it is known as an alpha ( α ) amino acid. (docbrown.info)
  • If the amine is on the 3rd carbon it is a beta (β) amino acid. (docbrown.info)
  • If the amine is on the 4th carbon it is a beta (γ) amino acid. (docbrown.info)
Accumulation1
  • All cyclic analogues exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory effects against forskolin-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation, and the maximal effects were almost abolished by pertussis toxin (PTx) treatment. (nih.gov)
Catalysis1
Organic1
  • The general formula for alpha amino acids is R-CH(NH 2 )-COOH, where R can be H or a wide variety of organic groups. (docbrown.info)
Carbon chain2
  • One family, designated nylon-XY, is derived from dicarboxylic acids and diamines of carbon chain lengths X and Y, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another family, designated nylon-Z, is derived from aminocarboxylic acids of with carbon chain length Z. An example is nylon-[6]. (wikipedia.org)
Present1
  • Somatostatin is a cyclic peptide present in both 14-amino acid and 28-amino acid forms. (medscape.com)
Side2
  • Three cyclic analogues were synthesized: cyclo apelin-12 (C1) in combination with amino-terminal to carboxy-terminal, cyclourea apelin-12 (C3) in combination with amino-terminal and amino acid side chain at positions 7, and cyclic apelin-12 (C4) in combination with amino acid side chain at positions 7 to carboxy-terminal. (nih.gov)
  • Colistin is composed of two parts: a cyclic heptapeptide and a tripeptide side chain which is acylated by a fatty acid at the amino terminus [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Molecular1
  • Molecular oxygen (O 2 ) combines with the enol-form of the luminol anion, oxidising it to a cyclic peroxide. (scienceinschool.org)
Structure1
  • The production of heme requires a cyclic ring structure, that is linearized with other porphobilinogen rings. (brainscape.com)
Marine1
  • Efficacy and tolerability of an oral supplement containing amino acids, iron, selenium, and marine hydrolyzed collagen in subjects with hair loss (androgenetic alopecia, AGA or FAGA or telogen effluvium). (medlineplus.gov)
Shows1
  • (B) OXT and AVP differ in only two aminoacids: this schematic drawing shows that, whereas the aminoacid sequence of OXT (top) includes an isoleucine at the third and a leucine at the eighth position, that of AVP (bottom) includes a phenylalanine and an arginine in the corresponding positions. (frontiersin.org)