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SchizosaccharomycesDNA ReplicationSchizosaccharomyces pombe ProteinsYeastsDNA, FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMolecular Sequence DataFungal ProteinsCell Cycle ProteinsGenes, FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsMutationBase SequenceDNA-Binding ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceChromosomes, FungalS PhasePlasmidsReplication OriginCell CycleDNA HelicasesDNA, ViralDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseMitosisGene Expression Regulation, FungalHydroxyureaSaccharomycetalesDNA Replication TimingDNA RepairReplication Protein ADNA DamageCloning, MolecularNuclear ProteinsProtein BindingSequence Homology, Amino AcidDNA PrimaseDNA Polymerase IIDNA Polymerase IIIDNAEscherichia coliTranscription, GeneticViral ProteinsCell LineOrigin Recognition ComplexProliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenDNA Polymerase ICell NucleusRecombination, GeneticGenome, FungalChromatinChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneMeiosisGene DeletionMutagenesisProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesThiabendazoleCentromereRNA, FungalReplication Protein CDNA, Single-StrandedHeLa CellsCytokinesisRNA NucleotidyltransferasesBinding SitesGenetic Complementation TestProtein KinasesTemperatureHeterochromatinKineticsChromosome SegregationCheckpoint Kinase 2Recombinant Fusion ProteinsTwo-Hybrid System TechniquesCDC2 Protein KinaseAdenosine TriphosphatasesRestriction MappingModels, BiologicalDNA PrimersNucleic Acid ConformationSpindle ApparatusDNA Topoisomerases, Type IITransformation, GeneticProtein Structure, TertiaryAphidicolinTranscription FactorsPhenotypeMethyl MethanesulfonateSequence AlignmentCell DivisionUltraviolet RaysRepliconTemplates, GeneticTelomereSpores, FungalG1 PhaseHistonesMicroscopy, FluorescenceRNA, ViralPhosphorylationVirus Replication
SchizosaccharomycesPombeChromosomesBudding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomycesForkGenesMitosisSubunitHaploid gametes from diploid precursorsChromosomal DNAPathwaysStalled replication forksEukaryotesInitiationHeterochromatinSingle-moleculeEukaryoticCheckpointOriginsMeiosisHelicaseSynthesisRegulatesMachineryInteractsRound of DNA replicationCohesionDepletionMechanismsResectionProgressionMammalianStn1CellChromatin-modifyinGenomicCellsNakazawaPCNAForksRecombinationMethylationFml1DamageHistoneEpigeneticRemains unclearGenetics and Molecular BiologyHomologueCentromeresMolecular
Schizosaccharomyces10
  • The well-studied fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is the focus throughout, but the emerging model S. japonicus a larger, dimorphic species with several desirable characteristics is also covered. (cshlpress.com)
  • Professor Forsburg studies how chromosome duplication and maintenance contributes to overall genome stability using a simple model genetic system, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe . (usc.edu)
  • An epistasis map (E-MAP) was constructed in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, by systematically measuring the phenotypes associated with pairs of mutations. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Here, we investigate the use of different fluorophores and develop procedures to count the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-ACnp1 with single-molecule sensitivity in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe). (uea.ac.uk)
  • This review is concerned with repair and tolerance of UV damage in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and with the differences between Sch. (infona.pl)
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe strains containing direct repeats of ade6 heteroalleles separated by a functionalura4 + gene, and a DNA site for induction of a double-strand break (DSB), have been used to analyze pathways of spontaneous and DSB-induced intrachromosomal mitotic recombination. (infona.pl)
  • Sap1 was identified as a protein involved in mating-type switching in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and has been shown to be involved in programmed replication fork stalling. (le.ac.uk)
  • The cell cycles of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe are currently the best understood of all eukaryotes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the MacNeill lab, research is primarily focused on dissecting the molecular biology of chromosomal DNA replication and genome stability using two contrasting genetically-tractable model systems, the eukaryotic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii . (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • DNA polymerase epsilon encoded by cdc20+ is required for chromosomal DNA replication in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (neb.com)
Pombe7
  • Using this approach, CENP-ACnp1 levels at fission yeast (S. pombe) centromeres were followed as they change during the cell cycle. (uea.ac.uk)
  • At present this is limited to budding yeast ( S. cerevisiae ) and fission yeast ( S. pombe ). (oridb.org)
  • pombe and budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae in their response to UV irradiation. (infona.pl)
  • In previous studies this was attributed to the inhibition by caffeine of a novel DNA repair pathway in S. pombe that was absent in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (infona.pl)
  • pombe replication origin, ars1. (embl.de)
  • pombe origins of replication, which differ significantly from those of Sa. (embl.de)
  • Using the fission yeast Schizosacharomyces pombe as a model system, we are investigating how post-translational modifications affect Pol delta function in vivo, with particular emphasis on modification of the PolD3 and PolD4 subunits of the complex. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
Chromosomes11
  • The loss of chromosomal DNA happened without gradual telomere shortening, and extended to 30 kb from the ends of chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Fission yeast is a single-celled organism with chromosomes very similar to those in humans, and uses the same genes to maintain those chromosomes. (usc.edu)
  • Fission yeast is a simple, single-celled organism with chromosomes very similar to those in humans, and has proven to be an important model for cell division. (usc.edu)
  • In this work, we have directly examined replication timing of the prekinetochore domain of human chromosomes. (rupress.org)
  • To test whether histone acetylation level regulates its replication dynamics, we induced either global hyperacetylation by pharmacological inhibition or by targeting a histone acetyltransferase to the heterochromatic region of the X chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data reveal that histone acetylation level affects DNA replication dynamics of the sex chromosomes' heterochromatin and leads to a global reduction in replication fork rate genome wide. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, we mapped major epigenetic modifications controlling the structure of the sex chromosome-associated heterochromatin and demonstrated the occurrence of differences in the molecular mechanisms controlling the replication timing of the heterochromatic blocks at the sex chromosomes in female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All cells contain a complete copy of the organism's DNA, the genetic blueprint of life, packaged into discrete units called chromosomes. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • Inherited chromosomes carrying a single-ended DSB are subject to cycles of DNA replication and extensive end-processing across successive cell divisions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We have previously shown that replication of fission yeast chromosomes is initiated in distinct regions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Building chromosomes without bricks: Has the textbook model of DNA compaction into chromosomes been upended? (elsevierpure.com)
Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae2
Saccharomyces15
Fork14
  • Replication fork barriers are a commonly encountered problem, which can cause fork collapse and act as hotspots for replication termination. (elifesciences.org)
  • However, replication restart is relatively slow and, therefore, replication termination may frequently occur by an active fork converging on a collapsed fork. (elifesciences.org)
  • We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
  • Regardless of its precise form, collapse renders the fork incompetent for further DNA synthesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • RDR can initiate from a collapsed fork where the DNA is either broken or remains intact. (elifesciences.org)
  • We conclude that the loss of telomere and subtelomere DNAs in stn1-1 cells at the restrictive temperature is caused by very frequent replication fork collapses specifically in subtelomere regions. (nih.gov)
  • Recently, the group identified the centromere as a natural fragile site in the genome, particularly when the replication fork is disrupted. (usc.edu)
  • The pattern of incorporated analogue reveals replication initiation, termination and fork pausing sites on single-molecules genome-wide. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • We are applying this technology in yeast and human cells to generate the first high-resolution, whole-genome view of DNA replication fork progression on single molecules. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • We find that MHF stimulates DNA binding and replication fork remodeling by FANCM. (infona.pl)
  • The mechanism by which specific protein-DNA complexes induce programmed replication fork stalling in the eukaryotic genome remains poorly understood. (le.ac.uk)
  • At the mating-type locus dimers of Sap1 bind the SAS1 sequence in a head-to-head arrangement, while they bind to replication fork blocking sites at rDNA and Tf2 transposons in a head-to-tail mode. (le.ac.uk)
  • We find that Sap1 mutations which alleviate replication-fork blockage at Tf2 transposons in CENP-B mutants map to the head-to-tail interface. (le.ac.uk)
  • Distinct roles of DNA polymerases delta and epsilon at the replication fork in Xenopus egg extracts. (neb.com)
Genes6
  • Using a fission yeast model system, we establish a common role for HR genes in suppressing DNA double-strand break (DSB)-induced CIN. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These findings reveal a mechanism by which HR genes suppress CIN and how DNA breaks that persist through mitotic divisions propagate cell-to-cell heterogeneity in the resultant progeny. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Novel genes required for meiotic chromosome segregation are identified by a high-throughput knockout screen in fission yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To identify genes involved in meiotic chromosome segregation, we developed an efficient strategy to knock out genes in the fission yeast on a large scale. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins, SpMcm2p and SpMcm6p, encoded by the nda1 + /cdc19 + and mis5 + genes, respectively, were associated with chromatin DNA only during the G 1 and S phases. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In contrast, the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins, SpMcm2p and SpMcm6p, encoded by the nda1+/cdc19+ and mis5+ genes, respectively, were associated with chromatin DNA only during the G1 and S phases. (elsevierpure.com)
Mitosis3
  • Completion of DNA replication is monitored by a feedback system that controls the initiation of mitosis in vitro: studies in Xenopus. (wikidata.org)
  • It is well known that the products of chromosome replication are paired to ensure that the sisters segregate away from each other during mitosis. (rupress.org)
  • Thus, the products of chromosome replication (sister chromatids) generated during S-phase must be identified over time until mitosis when sisters associate with the mitotic spindle and segregate away from each other into the newly forming daughter cells. (rupress.org)
Subunit4
  • The multi-subunit shelterin complexes bind along mammalian telomeres, shielding the natural chromosome ends from engaging the DNA damage signaling and repair machinery [ 1 ]. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Most Orp1p, a putative subunit of the fission yeast origin recognition complex (ORC), was found to be associated with chromatin-enriched insoluble components throughout the cell cycle. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia mutated (ATM) (7) and the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) (8) are also cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis. (cancercurehere.com)
  • Transcription of the catalytic 180-kDa subunit gene of mouse DNA polymerase alpha is controlled by E2F, an Ets-related transcription factor, and Sp1. (neb.com)
Haploid gametes from diploid precursors1
Chromosomal DNA9
  • These two copies of chromosomal DNA are pulled to different ends of the cell by a protein structure called the mitotic spindle. (oist.jp)
  • Once the chromosomal DNA is separated, the cell begins to divide into two identical daughter cells. (oist.jp)
  • It is most interesting that this motif seems to be quite specific to known or predicted chromosomal/DNA-binding proteins, suggesting that it may act as a versatile minor groove tether. (embl.de)
  • Chromosomal DNA replication requires the complex interplay of a large number of essential and non-essential protein factors in a temporally- and spatially-coordinated manner. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • DNA polymerase delta plays essential roles in eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication and also in various DNA repair pathways. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • We are interested in understanding the enzymes and mechanisms of chromosomal DNA replication and repair in archaeal cells and in what this can tell us about the fundamental processes underlying the maintenance of genetic integrity in all cells. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • GINS is a DNA polymerase epsilon accessory factor during chromosomal DNA replication in budding yeast. (neb.com)
  • The DNA polymerase activity of Pol epsilon holoenzyme is required for rapid and efficient chromosomal DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts. (neb.com)
  • DNA polymerase epsilon is required for coordinated and efficient chromosomal DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts. (neb.com)
Pathways4
  • The repair of DNA damage involves a highly coordinated series of events: first, the cell must signal to halt cell cycle progression at precise cell cycle checkpoints, following this, DNA damage-specific repair pathways are activated (1). (cancercurehere.com)
  • These pathways lead to repair of the damaged DNA and their composition is dependant on the type of damage. (cancercurehere.com)
  • Exo1 has a role in several DNA repair pathways including MMR, post-replication repair, meiotic and mitotic recombination (14C16). (cancercurehere.com)
  • The involvement of Exo1 in DNA repair pathways including MMR suggests it may also be a target for mutation in tumourigenesis. (cancercurehere.com)
Stalled replication forks2
  • The Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex promotes the tolerance/repair of DNA damage at stalled replication forks by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 and FANCI. (infona.pl)
  • During ATR signaling in response to DNA damage, Rad17 forms a complex with 9-1-1 and loads onto stalled replication forks [ 4 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Eukaryotes3
Initiation4
  • Here, we present evidence that fission yeast replication origins are specifically associated with proteins that participate in initiation of replication. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The results suggest that the fission yeast ORC specifically interacts with chromosomal replication origins and that Mcm proteins are loaded onto the origins to play a role in initiation of replication. (elsevierpure.com)
  • DDK regulates replication initiation by controlling the multiplicity of Cdc45-GINS binding to Mcm2-7. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Bryant JA and Aves SJ (2011) Initiation of DNA replication: functional and evolutionary aspects. (yeastgenome.org)
Heterochromatin4
Single-molecule2
  • Laue, Ernest D. / Quantitative single-molecule microscopy reveals that CENP-A Cnp1 deposition occurs during G2 in fission yeast . (uea.ac.uk)
  • Recently, we developed the first single molecule DNA sequencing technology for the study of genome replication (D-NAscent) that can detect important events hidden in population data. (earlham.ac.uk)
Eukaryotic6
  • Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at multiple origin sites along each chromosome and terminates when replication forks (RFs) from adjacent origins converge. (elifesciences.org)
  • Thus, schizogony challenges some basic paradigms about DNA replication control, while gametogenesis demands a speed of DNA replication and cell division that is unprecedented in eukaryotic gametogenesis. (europa.eu)
  • Indeed, much of what we know about the eukaryotic replication apparatus has come from model system studies. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • L-Homoserylaminoethanol, a novel dipeptide alcohol inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase from a plant cultured cells, Nicotina tabacum L. (neb.com)
  • Eukaryotic DNA polymerases: proposal for a revised nomenclature. (neb.com)
  • Eukaryotic DNA polymerase amino acid sequence required for 3'----5' exonuclease activity. (neb.com)
Checkpoint7
  • A yeast cell cycle pulse generator model shows consistency with multiple oscillatory and checkpoint mutant datasets. (duke.edu)
  • In addition, S phase is aberrant and RPA foci are elevated, suggestive of ssDNA or DNA damage, and the pol2-P287R mutation is synthetically lethal with rad3 inactivation, indicative of checkpoint activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Two-stage mechanism for activation of the DNA replication checkpoint kinase Cds1 in fission yeast. (uams.edu)
  • This family of proteins contribute Bis-NH2-C1-PEG3 to cellular disintegration via targeted cleavage of a collection of proteins involved in many processes within the cell, including DNA repair and checkpoint Bis-NH2-C1-PEG3 activation (2). (cancercurehere.com)
  • Yeast Stn1 promotes MCM to circumvent Rad53 control of the S phase checkpoint. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Human DNA topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 (hTopBP1) plays an important role in DNA replication and the DNA damage checkpoint pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human DNA topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 (TopBP1) and its orthologs play important roles in DNA replication and checkpoint control [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Origins3
  • The data have been collated by Conrad Nieduszynski as the culmination of a number of genome-wide studies to identify the location of replication origins throughout the budding yeast genome. (oridb.org)
  • Dukaj L and Rhind N (2021) The capacity of origins to load MCM establishes replication timing patterns. (yeastgenome.org)
  • DNA replication origins retain mobile licensing proteins. (yeastgenome.org)
Meiosis3
  • The Forsburg lab uses a mixture of classical genetics, molecular biology, and state-of-the-art microscopy to investigate how defects in replication contribute to genome instability during normal cell growth and during the differentiation process of meiosis. (usc.edu)
  • In budding yeast and fission yeast, CK1 phosphorylate Rec8 subunits of cohesin complex and regulate chromosome segregation in meiosis. (longdom.org)
  • Exo1 was first identified as a nuclease required for meiosis in fission yeast (10). (cancercurehere.com)
Helicase3
  • The pol2-P287R variant has an increased sensitivity to elevated dNTP levels and DNA damaging agents, and shows reduced viability on depletion of the Pfh1 helicase. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Previously we have studied single-stranded DNA binding proteins , the sliding clamp PCNA , ATP- and NAD-dependent DNA ligases , MCM helicase and an entirely novel DNA repair factor named NreA. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • Recombination and Pol ζ Rescue Defective DNA Replication upon Impaired CMG Helicase-Pol ε Interaction. (yeastgenome.org)
Synthesis4
  • Thymidine kinases have a key function in the synthesis of DNA and therefore in cell division, as they are part of the unique reaction chain to introduce thymidine into the DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, unlike most genomic chromatin, histone synthesis and assembly are uncoupled from DNA replication at the kinetochore. (rupress.org)
  • Uncoupling DNA replication from CENP-A synthesis suggests that regulated chromatin assembly or remodeling could play a role in epigenetic centromere propagation. (rupress.org)
  • Here 8 male gametes are produced from a single 'gametocyte' in less than 10 minutes, necessitating extraordinarily rapid DNA synthesis. (europa.eu)
Regulates2
Machinery9
  • The replication machinery and DNA-bound proteins of fission yeast are highly conserved and thus remarkably similar to other organisms, including humans. (oist.jp)
  • Euchromatin is replicated in early S-phase, when the replication machinery is present as a multitude of small replication foci that are well distributed throughout the nuclear interior. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Problems can occur when the machinery that copies the DNA encounters an obstacle. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • This can cause the DNA replication machinery to slow or pause which in turn can give rise to duplications, the expansion/contraction of repeated sequences or even lead to breaks in both strands of the DNA. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • Rare events, such as pausing of the replication machinery, can be difficult to detect, since most DNA replication is occurring normally. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • This technology allows us to rapidly search for the 'needle in the haystack' and identify rare, but serious, events such as the slowing down or pausing of the DNA replication machinery. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • The Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery mediates the membrane fission step that completes cytokinetic abscission and separates dividing cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • The components of the replication machinery are also potential targets for anti-proliferative drugs and can be used as diagnostic markers for the proliferative state. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
  • The complexity of the replication machinery favours the use of simple model systems to dissect problems of protein structure, function and regulation. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
Interacts1
  • Moreover, we observed that hMYH was essential for the accumulation of hTopBP1 on damaged DNA, where hTopBP1 interacts with hRad9, a component of the Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 complex. (biomedcentral.com)
Round of DNA replication1
Cohesion1
Depletion3
  • Euchromatin includes less-condensed transcriptional active regions, determined by a depletion of methylated DNA, an enrichment in specifically methylated histones such as H3K4, H3K36, H3K79 and a high level of histone acetylation [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Depletion of TPP1 or POT1 results in the deregulation of the single-stranded telomeric terminal overhang and the induction of a DNA damage response at telomeres [ 5 - 7 ]. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Depletion of TIN2 causes profound telomere deprotection phenotypes including destabilization of the shelterin complex, activation of telomeric DNA damage signaling, and increased apoptosis [ 9 , 11 - 14 ]. (prolekarniky.cz)
Mechanisms7
  • Studies using fission yeast were instrumental in identifying fundamental mechanisms that govern cell division, differentiation, and epigenetics, to name but a few. (cshlpress.com)
  • These processes, referred to as DNA damage tolerance mechanisms, are required for cell proliferation and generate many of the mutations that contribute to genetic variation and cancer development. (mskcc.org)
  • Callegari AJ, Kelly TJ, Coordination of DNA damage tolerance mechanisms with cell cycle progression in fission yeast. (mskcc.org)
  • Cells of all living organisms have evolved complex mechanisms that serve to stabilise, repair and restart stalled, blocked and broken replication forks. (infona.pl)
  • Cell cycle molecules and mechanisms of the budding and fission yeasts. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This chapter provides an overview of our current knowledge of the molecules and mechanisms that regulate the mitotic cell cycle in these two yeasts. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Understanding nucleosome assembly mechanisms by its chaperones is a crucial not only to understand how newly synthesized histones are recruited during DNA replication and repair, but also important to reveal transferring mechanism of epigenetic information to newly incorporated nucleosomes. (umich.edu)
Resection1
  • Homologous recombination suppresses transgenerational DNA end resection and chromosomal instability in fission yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
Progression2
Mammalian2
  • Furthermore, we highlighted a conserved role of histone acetylation level on replication dynamics across mammalian species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A probable homolog of mammalian DNA polymerase beta. (neb.com)
Stn11
  • Collectively, we propose that fission yeast Stn1 primarily safeguards the semi-conservative DNA replication at telomeres and subtelomeres. (nih.gov)
Cell9
  • The contributors describe basic methods for culturing and genetically manipulating fission yeast, synchronization strategies for probing the cell cycle, technologies for assessing proteins, metabolites, and cell wall constituents, imaging methods to visualize subcellular structures and dynamics, and protocols for investigating chromatin and nucleic acid metabolism. (cshlpress.com)
  • Typically, during cell reproduction, DNA is copied so that a cell temporarily contains twice the amount of DNA than it normally does. (oist.jp)
  • Following treatment with ICRF-193, the mitotic spindles of fission yeast show an "arched and snapped" appearance during cell replication. (oist.jp)
  • Therefore, although obstacles rarely cause a problem for DNA replication, when they do the consequences can be catastrophic for the cell. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • This is important because a single DNA replication error on one chromosome in a single cell division can give rise to disease. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • In schizogony a single parasite first generates many nuclei via independent, asynchronous rounds of genome replication, prior to cytokinesis which is the physical division of the cell. (europa.eu)
  • This project is elucidating the spatio-temporal dynamics of DNA replication in these contrasting cell cycles. (europa.eu)
  • Aim 1: detailed characterisation, at the whole-cell level, of the asynchronous genome replication that occurs in schizogony and gametogenesis. (europa.eu)
  • However large amounts of DNA damage can trigger another pathway called apoptosis, this initiates signals which ultimately result in controlled cell death. (cancercurehere.com)
Chromatin-modifyin1
  • and the contribution of chromatin-modifying proteins to replication and repair. (usc.edu)
Genomic2
  • Problems that arise during DNA replication can drive genomic alterations that are instrumental in the development of cancers and many human genetic disorders. (elifesciences.org)
  • Cytological analysis of DNA replication further demonstrated that centromeres replicate asynchronously in parallel with numerous other genomic regions. (rupress.org)
Cells14
  • Thymidine is present in the body fluids as a result of degradation of DNA from food and from dead cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • When we probed neutral-neutral 2D gels for subtelomere regions, we found no Y-arc-shaped replication intermediates in cycling cells. (nih.gov)
  • Most notably, malignant cells exhibit a much higher rate of replication and proliferation than normal ones. (oist.jp)
  • Since the proteins involved in DNA replication are considerably more active in cancer cells than in normal ones, researchers have discovered that drugs which target these proteins will disproportionately affect the malignant cells. (oist.jp)
  • When Dr. Nakazawa treated fission yeast with ICRF-193, he noticed that the cells appeared to have difficulty separating after DNA replication had occurred. (oist.jp)
  • This research makes it plausible to use fission yeast in the place of human cells in the discovery process of novel cancer drugs. (oist.jp)
  • By immunoprecipitating CENP-A mononucleosomes from synchronized cells pulsed with [ 3 H]thymidine we demonstrate that CENP-A-associated DNA is replicated in mid-to-late S phase. (rupress.org)
  • This research aims to determine how cells ensure that the replication of each chromosome is completed accurately. (earlham.ac.uk)
  • Malaria parasites replicate inside the cells of their human host via 'schizogony', which is fundamentally different from conventional binary fission - the replication mode used by most cells from human cells to yeast cells. (europa.eu)
  • I study the molecular processes that allow cells to replicate areas of the genome that contain DNA damage. (mskcc.org)
  • A Role of hIPI3 in DNA Replication Licensing in Human Cells. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Cells depleted of MCMBP ceased to proliferate due to reduced replication licensing gradually. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • Under this problem, p53-positive cells exhibited arrest in the G1 stage, whereas p53-null cells inserted the S stage and dropped their viability due to the deposition of DNA harm, recommending that MCMBP is certainly a potential focus on for eliminating p53-deficient malignancies. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • One of the oxidative DNA lesions frequently generated upon exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Nakazawa2
  • As part of his research, Dr. Nakazawa treated fission yeast with ICRF-193 and observed the effects. (oist.jp)
  • According to Dr. Nakazawa, "fission yeast is a relatively fast, easy to use model system that is low cost," making it advantageous for use in drug screens. (oist.jp)
PCNA1
  • Several proteins involved in replication and DNA repair including PCNA and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins interact with Exo1 (13). (cancercurehere.com)
Forks2
  • Collapsed forks can be rescued by homologous recombination, which restarts replication. (elifesciences.org)
  • Intriguingly, the core complex component FANCM also catalyzes branch migration of model Holliday junctions and replication forks in vitro. (infona.pl)
Recombination1
  • This so-called recombination-dependent replication (RDR) helps ensure that DNA is fully replicated prior to sister chromatid segregation, thereby avoiding mitotic catastrophes. (elifesciences.org)
Methylation1
  • TTG transitions are not elevated, likely due to the absence of cytosine methylation in fission yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
Fml11
  • Here we have characterized the ortholog of FANCM in fission yeast Fml1 in order to understand. (infona.pl)
Damage2
  • The present study provides support for a role for the DNA damage repair nuclease Exonuclease 1 (Exo1) in the induction of apoptosis. (cancercurehere.com)
  • Our results suggested that hMYH is necessary for the accumulation of hTopBP1 to DNA damage lesion to induce the association of hTopBP1 with 9-1-1 and that the interaction between hMYH and hTopBP1 is essential for Chk1 activation. (biomedcentral.com)
Histone6
  • The inheritance of the histone H3 variant CENP-A in nucleosomes at centromeres following DNA replication is mediated by an epigenetic mechanism. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Here, we show that FANCM forms a conserved DNA-remodeling complex with a histone-fold heterodimer, MHF. (infona.pl)
  • Small DNA-binding motif first described in the high mobility group non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y). (embl.de)
  • The AT-hook is a small DNA-binding protein motif which was first described in the high mobility group non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y). Since its discovery, this motif has been observed in other DNA-binding proteins from a wide range of organisms. (embl.de)
  • Furthermore, AT-hook motifs are frequently associated with known functional domains seen in chromatin proteins and in DNA-binding proteins (e.g. histone folds, homeodomains and zinc fingers). (embl.de)
  • Miller CLW and Winston F (2023) The conserved histone chaperone Spt6 is strongly required for DNA replication and genome stability. (yeastgenome.org)
Epigenetic2
  • The specification of metazoan centromeres does not depend strictly on centromeric DNA sequences, but also requires epigenetic factors. (rupress.org)
  • An alternative view is that centromere identity is specified by an epigenetic mark on the chromosome that is independent of its underlying DNA ( Karpen and Allshire 1997 ). (rupress.org)
Remains unclear1
  • The mechanistic basis for establishing a centromeric "state" on the DNA remains unclear. (rupress.org)
Genetics and Molecular Biology1
  • We use a variety of methods to address questions of protein structure and function within the chromosome replication apparatus, including genetics and molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology and bioinformatics. (st-andrews.ac.uk)
Homologue1
Centromeres1
Molecular1
  • In addition to this, we also study the molecular biology of T5-like bacteriophages (Demerecviridae) , DNA ligase enzymes encoded by diverse bacteriophages and viruses, and carbohydrate-processing enzymes in haloarchaea. (st-andrews.ac.uk)