HypothalamusHypothalamic-pituAdenomaStalkAdenomasParts of the pituitary glandLobeHormonesTumorsHypopituitarismEctopic posteriorSellaThyroid-stimulaHormonalAdenohypophysisStimulatesInfundibulumSecretionLesionsReceptorsPituicytomaClinicalHypoplasiaHormone deficiencyInferiorlyMacroadenomaDiagnosisAxisCellsSystemicGrowth hormoneCraniopharyngealHistologyCortisolEndocrine systemBrainContrastRegulationRegulatesMetabolicIncidentalDeficiencyRare disorderProducesHomeostasisNormalEnhancementGermline
Hypothalamus21
- In addition, it has also been found to be expressed in the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus and kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
- Its presence in the anterior pituitary gland may be involved in mediating the paracrine signaling feedback inhibition of thyrotropin along the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. (wikipedia.org)
- The neurohypophysis, or posterior pituitary, is an inferior extension of the hypothalamus, which descends to lie in close proximity to the anterior pituitary. (ajnr.org)
- Although the anterior lobe completely loses its connections with the primitive nasopharynx, the posterior lobe maintains its relationship with the hypothalamus throughout life. (ajnr.org)
- The stalk was seen at the midline extending a long distance from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland. (ajronline.org)
- In addition to these findings, a 15 × 20 mm mass was noted at the region of the hypothalamus. (ajronline.org)
- With the destruction of the adrenal cortex, feedback inhibition of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland is interrupted, and corticotropin is secreted continuously. (medscape.com)
- Brain MRI shows a range of features that includes small sella turcica, anterior pituitary hypoplasia and absence of the pituitary stalk and the presence of high signal posterior pituitary at the ectopic location, mostly at the infundibulum or at the median eminence of the hypothalamus [ 4 , 5 ]. (sudanjp.com)
- In this study, we evaluated the effect of heat stress (HS) on the development of cells secreting major reproductive hormones of the HPG axis (i.e., hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovary, and testis) of Wenchang chicks. (scielo.br)
- The GnRH secreted from the hypothalamus activates specific receptors on the pituitary gland to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of FSH and LH from gonadotropic cells of the pituitary gland. (scielo.br)
- Chimento A, Sirianni R, Casaburi I, Pezzi V. Role of Estrogen Receptors and G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Regulation of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Testis Axis and Spermatogenesis. (scielo.br)
- Any part of the nervous system can be affected, but the most commonly involved structures are the cranial nerves, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. (eurorad.org)
- Hypothalamus and pituitary involvement pertains to the last category and shows as leptomeningeal thickening and enhancement around the hypothalamus and pituitary infundibulum. (eurorad.org)
- It is well accepted that GABAergic neurons are found in the hypothalamus and recent evidence suggests its secretion within the pituitary itself. (nih.gov)
- Menstrual Cycle Hormonal interaction between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and ovaries regulates the female reproductive system. (msdmanuals.com)
- Secondary adrenal insufficiency (related to a dysfunction of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus) is suspected if the ACTH level is not elevated. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Intrinsic pituitary disease, or any process that disrupts the pituitary stalk or damages the hypothalamus, may produce pituitary hormone deficiency. (medscape.com)
- The anterior pituitary is primarily regulated by neuropeptide-releasing and release-inhibiting hormones produced in the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
- In contrast to the anterior pituitary hormones, the posterior pituitary hormones (ie, ADH, oxytocin) are synthesized by cell bodies in the hypothalamus and transported along the neurohypophyseal tract of the pituitary stalk. (medscape.com)
- Pituitary activity is regulated by hormones of the hypothalamus, a brain region connected to the pituitary by the pituitary stalk. (tch-printing.com)
- By synthesizing and secreting neurohormones, the nuclei of the hypothalamus act as a conduit between the nervous and endocrine systems via the pituitary gland (hypophysis), regulating homeostatic functions such as hunger, thirst, body temperature, and circadian rhythms. (medscape.com)
Hypothalamic-pitu2
- Adrenal insufficiency can manifest as a defect anywhere in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. (medscape.com)
- Schizophrenia has been associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Adenoma8
- Normal pituitary versus pituitary adenoma. (medscape.com)
- Note the delicate acinar pattern of a normal pituitary gland (left), in contrast with disruption of the normal reticulin network in adenoma (right) (Wilder reticulin stain). (medscape.com)
- Because the pituitary gland did not have features suggestive of adenoma on MR imaging, we assumed that the hyperprolactinemia was caused by the traction of the pituitary stalk. (ajronline.org)
- Although almost all of them arise within the sella turcica, there are some rare cases in which a pituitary adenoma is located outside the intrasellar region, so it is defined as an ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- 2 15 18 ] Although almost all of them arise within the sella turcica, there are some rare cases in which a pituitary adenoma is located outside the intrasellar region, and if there is an empty sella too, it is an even more rare finding. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- If this is placed outside the sella and it is not in continuity with an intrasellar normal pituitary gland or an empty sella, it is defined as an ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA), which may be intra or extracranial. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- AIP familial isolated pituitary adenoma (AIP-FIPA) is defined as the presence of an AIP germline pathogenic variant in an individual with a pituitary adenoma (regardless of family history). (nih.gov)
- Because the patient reports multiple episodes of visual disturbances and the size of the pituitary adenoma on MRI, a neuro-ophthalmology referral is initiated for visual field testing and to determine if the pituitary macroadenoma is causing mass effect and compressing the optic nerve. (invisionzone.com)
Stalk11
- On the basis of these facts, it is understandable that the hypophyseal stalk or posterior pituitary can be a host to all the neoplastic processes that originate from the glial cell series. (ajnr.org)
- On MR imaging, a posterior pituitary mass, isointense on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and hyperintense on T2-weighted images (T2WI), was identified, without significant involvement of the stalk. (ajnr.org)
- The imaging study performed before this admission demonstrated a bulky pituitary mass, as well as a bulky stalk with suprasellar extension and attenuated nonhomogenous enhancement. (ajnr.org)
- They are modified glial cells of empendymal cell lineage located in the neurohypophysis and pituitary stalk. (ajnr.org)
- The pituitary stalk was not visualized ( Figure 1a and b ). (sudanjp.com)
- Based on these CE-MRI features, the radiological diagnosis of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) was made. (sudanjp.com)
- Contrast-enhanced MRI is more effective than non-contrast MRI to look for the enhancement of the pituitary stalk and to look for the integrity of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal pituitary vessels [ 6 ]. (sudanjp.com)
- a) Sagittal and (b) coronal T1 weighted MRI image showing bright posterior pituitary spot at optic chiasma (small white arrow in a and b), and hypoplastic anterior pituitary in the sella turcica (large white arrow in a) with non-visualization of the pituitary stalk. (sudanjp.com)
- Additionally, T1-weighted images showed a pituitary stalk thickening, normal anterior lobe and absence of posterior lobe's bright signal (Fig. 2). (eurorad.org)
- Neurosarcoidosis with pituitary stalk involvement. (eurorad.org)
- We report a case of a premature African newborn male baby born to nonconsanguineous parents who presented to our institution with agenesis of the septum pellucidum, unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia, and pituitary stalk hypoplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
Adenomas14
- [ 2 ] of which the great majority in this region are pituitary adenomas. (medscape.com)
- [ 3 ] Pituitary adenomas are uncommon in the pediatric population, but most tumors of childhood are clinically functioning adenomas and are thought to be more aggressive. (medscape.com)
- Pituitary adenomas are neuroendocrine tumors derived from intrinsic cells of the adenohypophysis. (medscape.com)
- Pituicytoma, granular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis, and spindle cell oncocytoma are nonneuroendocrine tumors arising in the posterior pituitary and occur much less frequently than pituitary adenomas. (medscape.com)
- In this section the general characteristics of pituitary adenomas are discussed, followed by separate sections on subtypes of pituitary adenomas, pituitary neuroendocrine tumors grading, and pituitary carcinomas. (medscape.com)
- Pituitary adenomas are a common cause of endocrinal dysfunction, which comprise 10-20% of all intracranial tumors. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- The vascular supply to nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) differs compared with that of the anterior lobe of the normal pituitary gland. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- The vascular supply of pituitary adenomas (PA) is not well understood. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Previously, we reported three blood supply patterns (descending, monophasic, and ascending) in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) by the time-intensity curve (TIC) analysis using pituitary dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Pituitary adenomas are tumors that originate in the anterior pituitary gland. (scopeheal.com)
- Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors that arise from one of the five types of cells present in the anterior pituitary gland. (scopeheal.com)
- 1 The exact pathophysiology of pituitary adenomas remains unknown but is thought to be linked to heredity, hormonal influences, and genetic mutations. (invisionzone.com)
- 2,3 The estimated prevalence of pituitary adenomas varies widely by study and findings are typically based on autopsy and radiology data. (invisionzone.com)
- Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program data from 2004 to 2018 show an incidence rate of pituitary adenomas and pituitary incidentalomas of 4.28 ± 0.04 and 1.53 ± 0.02 per 100,000 population. (invisionzone.com)
Parts of the pituitary gland3
- The anterior and posterior lobes constitute 2 distinct parts of the pituitary gland and have distinct embryologic backgrounds. (ajnr.org)
- Bernardo Houssay, on the other hand, was at first extre-mely cautious in ascribing the effect he had observed to one of the three parts of the pituitary gland, and since the removal of one part of that complex organ without disturbance of the rest was a surgically difficult operation in mammals he studied it in lower species. (animalresearch.info)
- In this way, he discovered that in the frog and in the toad, the two main parts of the pituitary gland, the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe, could be removed separately fairly easily. (animalresearch.info)
Lobe6
- The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland was normal in size and signal intensity and showed a normal enhancement pattern on dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. (ajronline.org)
- The normal hyperintensity of the neurohypophysis was not detected in the posterior pituitary lobe. (ajronline.org)
- The pituitary gland, which in the human being only weighs around one gram, is a complex organ and can be divided for con-venience into three separate glands, the anterior lobe, the posterior lobe, and the intermediate lobe. (animalresearch.info)
- In the 1920s the functions of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland were obscure, and there was much more interest in the posterior lobe, particularly since it contained, and was presumed to secrete, substances which could cause a rise of blood pressure, an inhibition of urine secretion, and a contraction of uterine muscle. (animalresearch.info)
- Some com-plication is introduced by the fact that in the toad and frog the part of the gland which corresponds to the anterior lobe in the mammal, is in fact posterior. (animalresearch.info)
- OneIndia Hindi Dictionary offers the meaning of Gland in hindi with pronunciation, synonyms, â ¦ Unlike the glandular anterior lobe, the posterior lobe is made up of nervous tissue. (tch-printing.com)
Hormones13
- It] triggers the secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. (hogwartsprofessor.com)
- This blood loss results in the pituitary gland not being able to produce hormones. (tomwademd.net)
- Prolactin and growth hormone are the most common hormones affected by selective pituitary necrosis and hypofunction. (tomwademd.net)
- According to the human growth medical research findings, human height is not only determined by genetic factors alone but is strongly influenced by the effects of certain hormones on the development of the 26 skeletal bones and the cartilaginous portions of the 62 bones of the lower body. (mongaclinic.in)
- Although intrasphenoidal EPAs are rare findings, the presence of an endocrine disorder related to pituitary hormones, and a space-occupying mass within the SS associated with either a normal sellar pituitary gland or an empty sella must lead us to suspect this diagnosis. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Laboratory examinations, including other pituitary hormones, did not reveal other abnormalities. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- The anterior pituitary, an ectodermal structure that derives from the pharynx as the Rathke pouch, produces most of the gland's hormones. (medscape.com)
- These regulatory hormones are transported to the anterior pituitary via the pituitary portal system circulation. (medscape.com)
- PRL secretion is distinct from that of the other anterior pituitary hormones, being inhibited by hypothalamic dopamine. (medscape.com)
- A negative feedback loop occurs such that the hormones produced in the target glands feed back to inhibit the release of their respective regulatory pituitary and hypothalamic factors. (medscape.com)
- It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. (tch-printing.com)
- Hypothyroidism simply means the under secretion of thyroid hormone whereas hyperthyroidism means the over secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. (tch-printing.com)
- The posterior pituitary also stores hypothalmic hormones. (tch-printing.com)
Tumors7
- Rates for pituitary tumors in the United States are slightly higher among Black persons (2.92 per 100,000 person-years) than among White persons (1.82 per 100,000 person-years). (medscape.com)
- Numerous types of tumors may involve the pituitary gland and sellar region, reflecting the complex anatomy of this area. (medscape.com)
- In addition to tumors, a variety of nonneoplastic lesions may affect the pituitary gland, bringing a number of processes into the differential diagnosis of the tumors involving this region. (medscape.com)
- See also Pituitary Tumors , Pituitary Macroadenomas , Pituitary Microadenomas , Pituitary Apoplexy , and Pituitary Disease and Pregnancy . (medscape.com)
- Pituitary gland tumors are usually found incidentally on imaging studies obtained for other reasons or in workup of patients with abnormal endocrine hormone levels (both decreased and increased levels) or with symptoms of mass effect from the lesions. (invisionzone.com)
- Pituitary tumors are commonly found in adults between the ages of 35 and 60 years of age. (invisionzone.com)
- 4 Pituitary tumors have been found in 14.4% of unselected autopsy cases and 22.5% of radiology tests. (invisionzone.com)
Hypopituitarism7
- Context: Genetic defects affecting the expression and function of factors involved in pituitary development have been found to be associated with congenital hypopituitarism (CH). However, for most cases of CH, the etiology remains unknown. (cmich.edu)
- Sheehan syndrome refers to hypopituitarism caused by postpartum pituitary necrosis, usually following severe postpartum hemorrhage. (tomwademd.net)
- Sheehan syndrome is the clinical manifestation of anterior pituitary cell necrosis and may present as pan-hypopituitarism or as selective loss of pituitary function. (tomwademd.net)
- Pan-hypopituitarism is a result when many cells of the pituitary are affected, as opposed to only a few cells. (tomwademd.net)
- Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare heterogenous condition comprising optic nerve hypoplasia, midline brain abnormalities (agenesis of corpus callosum or absence of septum pellucidum), and pituitary hypoplasia with consequent hypopituitarism. (biomedcentral.com)
- Hypopituitarism is a partial or complete insufficiency of pituitary hormone secretion that may derive from pituitary or hypothalamic disease. (medscape.com)
- Mutations in these genes are causes of congenital hypopituitarism and have specific pituitary hormone deficiencies associated with the involved gene. (medscape.com)
Ectopic posterior2
- PSIS is characterized by the triad of an absent or hypoplastic anterior pituitary, thin or absent infundibulum and ectopic posterior pituitary. (sudanjp.com)
- Case Description: We present an unusual case of an infant with CH, associated with septo-optic dysplasia with an absent anterior pituitary and an ectopic posterior pituitary gland, resulting from a de novo 8.04-Mb interstitial deletion of chromosome 1p31.1-1p31.3. (cmich.edu)
Sella3
- Contrast-enhanced coronal T1-weighted spin-echo MR image (TR/TE, 440/11) shows abnormal shape of sella, downward displacement of pituitary gland through defect in basisphenoid ( long arrow ), and stretching and thinning of infundibulum ( short arrow ). (ajronline.org)
- For further evaluation, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging MRI (CE-MRI) brain with sella protocol was done in our department, the findings of which included hypoplastic anterior pituitary gland with a maximum height of 3 mm (normal height = 5.4 ± 1.5 mm) [ 1 ] and an ectopically placed posterior pituitary bright spot at the level of the optic chiasma. (sudanjp.com)
- After one year, MRI shows atrophy of the pituitary and a partially empty sella. (tomwademd.net)
Thyroid-stimula1
- The activity of the thyroid gland is regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , also called thyrotropin. (hogwartsprofessor.com)
Hormonal2
- The stimulation of the pituitary gland would increase hormonal production, Ayurveda treatment can help to attain it. (mongaclinic.in)
- The effects may depend on the site of action within the hypothalamic-pituitary unit and the hormonal milieu. (nih.gov)
Adenohypophysis2
- The pituitary gland is a gland located at the base of the brain with two parts: the anterior pituitary gland or adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis. (scopeheal.com)
- The pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, is composed of anterior (ie, adenohypophysis) and posterior (ie, neurohypophysis) regions. (medscape.com)
Stimulates3
- Stimulates the pituitary gland to release HGH. (freetrailhealth.com)
- The hypothalamic-releasing factor, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), stimulates the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland. (unboundmedicine.com)
- For example, hypothalamic TRH stimulates TSH release, which in turn stimulates the thyroid gland, resulting in increased serum levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). (medscape.com)
Infundibulum1
- This projection continues as the infundibulum, terminating inferiorly on the pituitary gland. (medscape.com)
Secretion1
- This chapter will outline the anatomical basis for possible influences of GABA on GH secretion and present evidence for a role of GABA in the control of GH release by actions at either hypothalamic or pituitary sites. (nih.gov)
Lesions4
- We report two cases of posterior pituitary astrocytomas in middle-aged women presenting as focal lesions of the neurohypophysis. (ajnr.org)
- A review of the literature reveals only a few reports of this tumor, and there has been scanty discussion of the imaging findings of posterior pituitary astrocytomas compared with lesions of the anterior pituitary gland. (ajnr.org)
- Features of ''mass effect'' of pituitary lesions. (mrcophth.com)
- Endocrine effects of pituitary mass lesions in Males & Females. (mrcophth.com)
Receptors1
- MK-677 works by binding to and activating ghrelin receptors in the pituitary gland, triggering a release of growth hormone. (guest-articles.com)
Pituicytoma1
- Summary: Astrocytoma, or pituicytoma, of the posterior pituitary is a relatively rare entity consisting of poorly characterized glial tumor cells. (ajnr.org)
Clinical4
- This report reviews the clinical characteristics and imaging findings and discusses the differential diagnosis of these two cases. (ajnr.org)
- Clinical findings are noted after 90% of the adrenal cortex has been destroyed. (medscape.com)
- Clinical presentation, biochemical investigations, and radiological findings in our case supported the diagnosis of PSIS. (sudanjp.com)
- Experimental and clinical evidence support the presence of a dual action of GABA - one mediated centrally, the other exerted directly at the pituitary level. (nih.gov)
Hypoplasia1
- It is characterized by optic nerve hypoplasia, pituitary gland hypoplasia, and midline brain abnormalities, including absence of septum pellucidum and corpus callosum dysgenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Hormone deficiency2
- This biochemical picture pointed towards the diagnosis of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency. (sudanjp.com)
- As a general rule, diagnosis of a single pituitary hormone deficiency requires evaluating the other hormone axes. (medscape.com)
Inferiorly1
- The pituitary gland was located inferiorly in this canal, and some portion of the gland extended into the nasopharynx ( Fig. 1A ). (ajronline.org)
Macroadenoma3
- 05). Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented among dogs with pituitary macroadenoma or craniopharyngeal duct cysts, but the association was not statistically significant (P = .076). (unboundmedicine.com)
- Pituitary macroadenoma was the most common diagnosis in hypophysectomy specimens. (unboundmedicine.com)
- A 35-year-old woman is seen in the outpatient clinic for evaluation of an incidental pituitary macroadenoma. (invisionzone.com)
Diagnosis1
- Although the combination of these findings raised the suspicion of neurosarcoidosis, due to the lack of history of a pulmonary disease, metastases were the first diagnosis to be taken under consideration. (eurorad.org)
Axis3
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is a key neuroen-docrine regulation system involved in the growth and reproduction of poultry. (scielo.br)
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is an important component of the endocrine system, regulating reproductive functions of the body. (scielo.br)
- When facing social stress, patients with schizophrenia may have impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation [ 7 ]. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Cells10
- The gland is formed by multiple cell types, including basophilic, eosinophilic, and chromophobic cells (hematoxylin-eosin stain). (medscape.com)
- The posterior pituitary, being part of the neurohypophysis, harbors specialized glial cells named "pituicytes. (ajnr.org)
- These included syncytiotrophoblast in first, second and third trimester placentas, cuboidal lining cells of the choroid plexus in the brain, thyroid follicullar cells, pituitary endocrine cells, adrenocortical cells and parathyroid endocrine cells. (gla.ac.uk)
- Immunoreactive IFN-alpha was also demonstrated in parenchymal cells of thyroid gland, choroid plexus in brain, anterior pituitary gland and adrenal gland in the fetal and infant tissues. (gla.ac.uk)
- un- provisionally categorized the adrenal gland as nerve tissue like classical BSE, atypical BSE has been detected mainly because of the presence of chromaffi n cells in the medulla in aged cattle and suggested as a possible sporadic form of of the gland. (cdc.gov)
- It is synthesized and secreted by cells in the anterior pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. (err.ee)
- Sheehan syndrome which is also called post-partum pituitary necrosis refers to the necrosis of cells of the anterior pituitary gland following significant post-partum bleeding, hypovolemia, and shock. (tomwademd.net)
- This increase is caused principally by hyperplasia of prolactin-producing cells (lactotrophs) and hyperplasia of other cells in the anterior pituitary gland. (tomwademd.net)
- It is theorized that this is the mechanism that makes the pituitary cells more susceptible to ischemia. (tomwademd.net)
- Consequently, the cells of the anterior pituitary are more prone to necrosis in pregnancies complicated by significant postpartum hemorrhage. (tomwademd.net)
Systemic1
- 1. The patient has a certain systemic syndrome associated with a Pituitary mass. (mrcophth.com)
Growth hormone1
- The human growth hormone is produced in the anterior portion of the pituitary gland deep inside the brain. (mongaclinic.in)
Craniopharyngeal2
- We report the three-dimensional CT and MR imaging findings of a case of large craniopharyngeal (transsphenoidal) canal associated with nasopharyngeal extension of a normally functioning pituitary gland, hyperprolactinemia, and hypothalamic hamartoma. (ajronline.org)
- The MR imaging findings were consistent with the large craniopharyngeal canal associated with the nasopharyngeal extension of the pituitary gland. (ajronline.org)
Histology2
- Histology of a normal anterior pituitary gland. (medscape.com)
- This histology was interpreted as consistent with a posterior pituitary astrocytoma. (ajnr.org)
Cortisol2
- Cortisol is produced in both the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis, the middle and innermost layers of the adrenal gland, respectively. (medscape.com)
- To make up for the loss of brainpower, the pituitary gland inside the brain signals the adrenal gland, located above the kidneys, to release a replacement hormone known as cortisol. (canyonranch.com)
Endocrine system1
- a pituitary dwarf / the master gland of the endocrine system / Secreting mucus or phlegm / relating to the pituitary gland. (tch-printing.com)
Brain5
- The conclusion that TRH in the extracts of rat brain is the same as synthetic TRH is based on the following criteria: (a) immunoreactivity with a specific antiserum to synthetic TRH, (b) chromatographic properties on Sephadex G-10, (c) electrophoretic mobility on cellulose acetate, (d) susceptibility to degradation by plasma, and (e) capacity of the extracts to stimulate TSH release in vitro from anterior pituitary tissue. (elsevierpure.com)
- On the basis of these findings, it is concluded that significant quantities of TRH are present in the extrahypothalamic regions of the brain as well as in the hypothalamic regions. (elsevierpure.com)
- These investigations were carried out in a whole series of species of animal, and demonstrated conclusively that when the pituitary gland, situated at the base of the brain, and in the human being behind the nose, was removed the effectiveness of a given amount of administered insulin in lowering the amount of sugar in the blood, was greatly increased. (animalresearch.info)
- The pituitary gland is a pea-sized endocrine gland situated at the base of the brain. (tch-printing.com)
- Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Learn the origin and popularity plus how to pronounce Pituitary The pituitary sits on the under portion of the brain. (tch-printing.com)
Contrast1
- Contrast-enhanced sagittal T1-weighted spin-echo MR image (440/11) reveals pituitary gland extending through defect in basisphenoid ( long arrows ) into nasopharynx. (ajronline.org)
Regulation2
- These findings suggest that the simulated laughter intervention has an early effect on neurogenesis with a significant delayed effect on stress regulation in subjects with schizophrenia. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
- Regulation of the development of the mammalian anterior pituitary gland by transcription factors. (medscape.com)
Regulates1
- The pituitary gland is called the "Master Gland" because it directs a multitude of endocrine functions in the body.It regulates hormone activity in other endocrine glands and organs. (tch-printing.com)
Metabolic1
- This hyperplasia leads to increased nutritional and metabolic demand by the anterior pituitary gland as a whole, but the blood supply that feeds the anterior pituitary does not increase. (tomwademd.net)
Incidental1
- These are considered incidental findings in many individuals and generally respond well to surgical removal of the tumor. (scopeheal.com)
Deficiency1
- Initially, the patient may present with only GH deficiency which may eventually progress to multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies with a preserved posterior pituitary function. (sudanjp.com)
Rare disorder1
- Inflammatory hypophysitis is a rare disorder of the pituitary gland characterized by focal or diffuse inflammatory infiltration and, ultimately, destruction of the gland. (medscape.com)
Produces2
- The zona glomerulosa, the outer layer of the adrenal gland, produces aldosterone. (medscape.com)
- Gland definition: A gland is an organ in the body which produces chemical substances for the body to use or. (tch-printing.com)
Homeostasis1
- The pituitary gland, however, is linked, along with the pineal gland rather than its homeostasis partner the hypothalmus, with second sight or spiritual vision. (hogwartsprofessor.com)
Normal2
- These findings are compatible with previous suggestions that IFN-alpha may be synthesized and released in the absence of viral infection and may have a role in normal physiology. (gla.ac.uk)
- The findings of the neurologic examination were normal, and no physical anomaly was detected. (ajronline.org)
Enhancement1
- in acute Sheehan syndrome, MRI shows an enlarged pituitary with only a thin rim of enhancement with gadolinium. (tomwademd.net)
Germline1
- Pituitary tumorigenesis is driven by germline and somatic mutations as well as genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, interacting in complex ways still not entirely understood and influencing tumor formation, growth, and invasion. (medscape.com)