Findings cells mice 129 strain. Medical search. Frequent questions

6 Inbred mouse strains vary in their susceptibility to cancer and two extreme strains are A/J (susceptible) and C57BL/6J (B6, resistant). (bmj.com)

RNA-seq was used to evaluate the psoriasiform phenotype elicited by 6 days of Aldara (5% IMQ) treatment in both sexes of seven mouse strains (C57BL/6 J (B6), BALB/cJ, CD1, DBA/1 J, FVB/NJ, 129X1/SvJ, and MOLF/EiJ). (altmetric.com)
Past studies have mapped four susceptibility loci (Pas1-4) for pulmonary adenoma in which A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice have different alleles that affect incidence and multiplicity of tumours. (bmj.com)
Mouse pulmoary adenoma susceptibility loci (Pas) as mapped in crosses of strains A/J and C57BL/6. (bmj.com)
strain: C57BL/6 (female) x 129/S (male) cell type: mES cell passage: 10-18 chip antibody: Lin et al. (nih.gov)
Some lines are stored as cryopreserved embryos and when revitalized will result in a 129/S5 x C57BL/6J- Tyr c-Brd background. (taconic.com)
To elucidate differences in the functions of these two proteins, comprehensive survival studies with Xpa −/− , Xpc −/− and wild-type control female mice in a pure C57BL/6J background were done. (aacrjournals.org)
RNA sequencing profiling of the retina in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice: Enhancing the retinal microarray data sets from GeneNetwork. (uni-muenchen.de)
For instance, C57BL/6J mice are resistant to hepatic, renal and cardiac fibrosis but susceptible to pulmonary and intestinal fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)

The response of MOLF males was aberrant, however, with decreased expression of differentiation-associated genes (elevated in other strains). (altmetric.com)
Compared with BALB/c, the B6 phenotype showed increased expression of genes associated with DNA replication, IL-17A stimulation, and activated CD8+ T cells, but decreased expression of genes associated with interferon signaling and CD4+ T cells. (altmetric.com)
BACKGROUND: Through alternative splicing, most human genes produce multiple isoforms in a cell-, tissue-, and disease-specific manner. (bvsalud.org)
In humans, the wide variety of carcinogens and varying degrees of exposure make identifying the predisposing genes difficult, but in a mouse model, such confounding variables can be controlled. (bmj.com)
With the release of a genome wide SNPs database, it has become feasible to analyse these genetically determined QTLs for genes polymorphic in these strains. (bmj.com)
Identification of the genes predisposing to mouse lung cancer could have considerable implications for diagnosis, treatment, or chemoprevention of lung cancer in humans. (bmj.com)
They found that 1,084 genes in 129 strain mice have insertions, deletions, or single-nucleotide mutations that cause them to diverge in sequence from Black 6 mice. (the-scientist.com)
Congenital hypothyroid mice with disruptions in both DuoxA maturation element genes described recently lack functional forms of both Duox enzymes [33]. (gasyblog.com)
Xlr genes are the mouse orthologues of the human FAM9 gene family and are implicated in the regulation of dendritic branching, dendritic spine number and morphology. (researchsquare.com)
Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes for Neutrophil Recruitment in Sterile Inflammation Mapped in AXB-BXA Recombinant Inbred Mice. (genenetwork.org)
Comparing HESC controls with HESCs deficient in SRC-3, gene enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed gene set revealed an overrepresentation of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, cell proliferation/motility, and programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, for genes that are expressed in multiple tissues or at multiple stages of development, the use of tissue-specific expression of the Cre recombinase allows gene function to be perturbed in specific cell types and/or at specific times. (elifesciences.org)

That's because, according to a 1995 study and subsequent work, Casp1 knockout mice did not go into septic shock when challenged with molecules signaling foreign invaders. (the-scientist.com)
However, in 2011, researchers at Genentech showed that many Casp1 knockout mice also harbored a mutated Casp11 gene from 129 strain mice. (the-scientist.com)
This result triggered Vanden Berghe and his colleagues to look into their own work with Casp3 knockout mice. (the-scientist.com)
Researchers can genetically modify Black 6 mice using Black 6 ESCs, or they can use CRISPR/Cas to make knockout mice in just about any background. (the-scientist.com)
Stock no. 005543) Duox1 knockout mice were purchased from Lexicon MK-0679 (Verlukast) Genetics Inc. (The Woodlands TX USA) and were described in an earlier statement [11]. (gasyblog.com)

Passenger mutations affect experiments using transgenic animals models called congenic mice, whose modified genetic material comes from a different genetic background than the rest of their genome. (the-scientist.com)
Specifically, 129 strain congenic mice on a Black 6 background that have been backcrossed for 10 generations have more than a 90 percent chance of having around 1 million base pairs of 129 strain DNA on either side of the transgene. (the-scientist.com)
Consequently, we further explored 1) under what circumstances does the congenic marker CD45.1 provoke immunity in CD45.2 mice, and 2) whether linking two dominant or subdominant Ags can instigate an immune response. (aai.org)

The Ghent researchers looked through the sequences for differences between Black 6 mice and the 129 strains that would affect protein production. (the-scientist.com)
Here, we performed a time-resolved phylogenetic analysis of 129 HA sequences representing all 1891 available H5N8 viruses collected from 2010 to 2020. (mdpi.com)
Mice are also easy to breed with a short generation time and a short life span allowing direct study of disease development and can accurately eludicidate how genetic sequences may vary in different strains and result in susceptibility to fibrotic pathologies. (biomedcentral.com)

These results demonstrate the loss of AND-34 dysregulates focal adhesion complex signaling in lens epithelial cells and suggest that AND-34-mediated signaling is required for maintenance of the structural integrity of the adult ocular lens. (molvis.org)
These findings demonstrate strain-dependent aspects of IMQ dermatitis in mice. (altmetric.com)
Our findings demonstrate the superiority of JCcirc over existing methods on human simulation datasets, and its average F1 score surpasses CircAST by 0.40 and outperforms both CIRI-full and circRNAfull by 0.13. (bvsalud.org)
Our findings demonstrate that changing the highly conserved valine 674 in Duox2 leads to impaired subcellular focusing on and ROS launch required for hormonogenesis resulting in congenital hypothyroidism. (gasyblog.com)
Taken together, these findings demonstrate that, at the appropriate dose, the nitrated fatty acid CXA-10 exhibits anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in the kidney and limits renal injury in a model of CKD. (aspetjournals.org)
There is mounting evidence suggesting that inbred mouse strains with different genetic backgrounds demonstrate variable susceptibility to a fibrotic injury. (biomedcentral.com)

Key aspects of the IMQ response differed between the two most commonly studied strains (BALB/c and B6). (altmetric.com)
Although IMQ-induced expression shifts mirrored psoriasis, responses in BALB/c, 129/SvJ, DBA, and MOLF mice were more consistent with other human skin conditions (e.g., wounds or infections). (altmetric.com)
However, BALB/c mice are resistant to pulmonary fibrosis but susceptible to hepatic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used to study the pathology of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications in most strains of rodents [15]. (researchgate.net)

In addition, it can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. (wikipedia.org)

Polyploidy is a condition in which the cells of an organism have more than one pair of (homologous) chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
The transition from unicellular life to multicellular life allowed organisms to delegate tasks to cells which could then specialize rather than being required to carry out all the functions of the organism. (elifesciences.org)

Since 129 strain mice are difficult to breed, researchers typically transfer their ESCs into the embryos of Black 6 mice and then repeatedly backcross the animals with Black 6 mates while selecting for their 129 strain-derived transgene, slowly eliminating 129 strain DNA surrounding the transgene through recombination. (the-scientist.com)
In this approach, two inbred strains that differ in fibrotic response are crossed and the F1 offspring are either mated together (intercross) or to one of the parental strains (backcross). (biomedcentral.com)

Here we show that T cell immunity against commensal papillomaviruses suppresses skin cancer in immunocompetent hosts, and the loss of this immunity-rather than the oncogenic effect of HPVs-causes the markedly increased risk of skin cancer in immunosuppressed patients. (nature.com)
Mice with natural immunity against MmuPV1 after colonization and acquired immunity through the transfer of T cells from immune mice or by MmuPV1 vaccination were protected against skin carcinogenesis induced by chemicals or by ultraviolet radiation in a manner dependent on CD8 + T cells. (nature.com)
Our findings reveal a beneficial role for commensal viruses and establish a foundation for immune-based approaches that could block the development of skin cancer by boosting immunity against the commensal HPVs present in all of our skin. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Reduced β-HPV transcripts in skin cancer cells and presence of β-HPV-specific CD8 + T cells in healthy human skin indicates a selective pressure by antiviral immunity against malignant cells with active HPV. (nature.com)
Conceptually, immunity is believed to mainly target dominant Ags when subdominant or nondominant Ags are linked within the same cell due to T cell interference. (aai.org)
However, our previous study in mice showed that linked nonimmunogenic Ags (OVA and GFP) containing immunodominant peptides mount immunity irrespective of the MHC-matched allogeneic cell's immunogenicity. (aai.org)
These findings challenge the existing perception that immunity is predominantly elicited against dominant Ags when linked to subdominant or nondominant Ags. (aai.org)
Since the induction of IL-12 during type II infection was Myd88-dependent, the involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immunity against these strains was suggested. (springer.com)

Filtered reads were then aligned to the mouse genome (NCBI build 37, UCSC mm9) or the human genome (UCSC hg19) using the bowtie (Langmead et al. (nih.gov)
The development of tools to manipulate the mouse genome, including knockout and transgenic technology, has revolutionized our ability to explore gene function in mammals. (elifesciences.org)
Mice provide a suitable model for the study of human genetics because more than 95% of the genome is identical. (biomedcentral.com)
To date, the Mouse Genome Database through The Jackson Laboratory, lists 24 QTL in mice associated with fibrosis of which all but 3 are phenotypes in the lung. (biomedcentral.com)

Toxoplasma gondii has a highly clonal genetic structure classified into three major genetic types, I, II, and III, plus additional recombinant and atypical strains. (springer.com)
Alam G, Miller DB, O'Callaghan JP, Lu L, Williams RW, Jones BC 2016 MPTP neurotoxicity is highly concordant between the sexes among BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains. (genenetwork.org)
Xue Y, Li J, Yan L, Lu L, Liao FF 2015 Genetic variability to diet-induced hippocampal dysfunction in BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains. (genenetwork.org)
Evaluation of heritable determinants of blood and brain serotonin homeostasis using recombinant inbred mice. (genenetwork.org)

Previously, classical genetic studies involving cross breeding of mouse strains with differing susceptibilities have identified chromosomal areas associated with predisposition to developing spontaneous and chemically induced lung adenomas. (bmj.com)
FLICKR, STEFANO Passenger mutations-unwanted alterations that accompany intentional genetic modifications-can confound experiments using certain types of transgenic mice. (the-scientist.com)
We used upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) knock-out mice as a genetic model of constitutively activated BAT and positive cardiometabolic traits, and we found a reduction of depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours associated with USF1 deficiency. (researchsquare.com)
Chaum E, Winborn CS, Bhattacharya S 2015 Multilayered genetic and omics dissection of mitochondrial activity in a mouse reference population. (genenetwork.org)
Harenza JL, Muldoon PP, De Biasi M, Damaj MI, Miles MF (2014) Genetic variation within the Chrna7 gene modulates nicotine reward-like phenotypes in mice. (genenetwork.org)
Optic nerve regeneration in the mouse is a complex trait modulated by genetic background. (uni-muenchen.de)
Genetic Networks in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
We performed a systematic review of the literature describing strain and organ specific response to injury in order to determine whether genetic susceptibility plays a role in fibrogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Such mouse strain studies may prove useful in elucidating the genetic as well as epigenetic factors in humans that could help determine why some people are more susceptible to the development of certain organ specific fibrosis than others. (biomedcentral.com)
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is a common genetic approach that has been used in the past two decades to identify loci involved in differences in fibrotic response between inbred strains of mice [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)
7]. Briefly cells were cultured in minimum essential medium-α supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum 50 devices/ml penicillin 50 μg/ml streptomycin and 50 μg/ml hygromycin B (Existence Systems Carlsbad CA USA) inside a 5 % humidified CO2 incubator at 37 °C. These lines were regularly assayed by Western blotting with anti-V5 to monitor DuoxA protein manifestation. (gasyblog.com)
Together, our findings should motivate caution when interpreting conditional alleles, and suggest the exciting possibility of inter-tissue RNA or protein trafficking in modulation of reproductive biology. (elifesciences.org)
This was accompanied by higher numbers of Ly6C hi monocytes in peripheral blood, as well as higher expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and adhesion molecules in the hearts of MI-operated Hmox1 −/− mice. (springer.com)
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) typically has an elevated protein level and a normal cell count (albuminocytologic dissociation). (medscape.com)
Mn, serum Mn, urine Mn, Centromere-positive micronuclei in periphery blood lymphocytes, DNA protein-crosslinks in peripheral white blood cells, oxidative stress as urinary 8OHdG, and long-term oxidative damage measured as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (measure of systemic oxidative stress) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (product of lipid peroxidation and reflect tissue injuries). (who.int)

Heterozygous mice were mated for simplified colony maintenance since homozygous mice suffer from severe hypothyroidism [34] (http://jaxmice.jax.org/strain/005543.html). (gasyblog.com)
A minimum of four (4) mutant mice, heterozygous for the selected mutation on a mixed 129S5;B6 background. (taconic.com)
Short-term cardiac stress, induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury resulted in impaired left ventricular (LV) recovery and increased infarct size in heterozygous Hmox1-deficient (Hmox1 +/− ) mice [ 55 ]. (springer.com)

Until recently, these cells almost always came from 129 strain mice, a group of substrains of mice that produce ESCs that are unusually robust and easy to manipulate. (the-scientist.com)

Immature B cells from normal mouse bone marrow were not responsive to the suppressive effect of androgens unless they were cocultured with marrow stromal cells or with supernatants from androgen-treated stromal cells, suggesting that the androgen effects are exerted through marrow stromal elements by production of a diffusible mediator. (jci.org)
Further experiments revealed that bone marrow stromal cells produced TGF-β in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and neutralization of TGF-β in the DHT-treated stromal cells reversed the suppressive effects. (jci.org)
Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)

Immunohistochemical staining of Duox2 in murine salivary gland ducts showed Duox2 in mutant mice looses its condensed apical plasma membrane localization pattern characteristic of crazy type Duox2 and accumulates in punctate vesicular constructions within cells. (gasyblog.com)
Furthermore the translocation defect of mutant Duox was verified in immunohistochemical studies of salivary gland sections from mice. (gasyblog.com)
Peritoneal macrophages (unstimulated) were infected at least 15 times more readily by tissue culture-passed (attenuated) virus than by salivary gland (virulent) virus, but macrophages prevented the spread of tissue culture virus to underlying susceptible mouse embryo fibroblasts, whereas they did so much less effectively with virulent salivary gland virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
When large doses of salivary gland virus were injected intravenously, infected Kupffer cells (liver macrophages) were occasionally seen and the inoculated virus directly infected large numbers of hepatic cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The visceral lesions produced in mice by the salivary gland virus of mice. (microbiologyresearch.org)

A small percentage of AND-34 −/− mice show distinctive small white eye lesions resulting from the migration of ruptured cortical lens tissue into the anterior chamber. (molvis.org)
IMQ responses in B6 mice were most consistent with human psoriasis and best replicated expression patterns specific to psoriasis lesions. (altmetric.com)

a naïve LIF-dependent pluripotent state which is represented by murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and an FGF-dependent primed pluripotent state represented by murine and rat epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). (mdc-berlin.de)
Mouse embryonic stem cells (KH2) were cultured under feeder-free medium ESGRO (Millipore). (nih.gov)
Super Elongation Complex (SEC) and global genomic analyses in murine embryonic stem (ES) cells and in human cells in response to activation signals. (nih.gov)
Dynamic transcriptional events in embryonic stem cells mediated by the super elongation complex (SEC). (nih.gov)
Knockout and other transgenic mice are traditionally made by genetically modifying embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in a dish and then inserting them into a recipient mouse embryo. (the-scientist.com)
These results strongly circumscribe the possible mechanisms of PINK1 action in the mitochondrial life cycle and also raise the possibility that mitochondrial turnover events that occur in cultured embryonic axons might be restricted to the cell body in vivo, in the intact nervous system. (sdbonline.org)

In humans, mutations in the L1 cell adhesion molecule are associated with a neurological syndrome termed CRASH, which includes corpus callosum agenesis, mental retardation, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and hydrocephalus. (jneurosci.org)
Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, certain immunodeficient mouse models infected with mouse-adapted DENV strains show signs of severe disease similar to the 'vascular-leak' syndrome seen in severe dengue in humans. (mdpi.com)
In humans, type I and atypical strains usually associate with severe toxoplasmosis. (springer.com)
Hence, it was suggested that T. gondii strains virulent for mice might not lead to a similar course of toxoplasmosis in humans. (springer.com)

Among mammals, a high frequency of polyploid cells is found in organs such as the brain, liver, heart, and bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that gonadal steroids exert effects on the development of B cells in bone marrow. (jci.org)
Androgens also exert effects on B cell development in bone marrow. (jci.org)
Occasional infected mononuclear cells were seen in the blood, lung and bone marrow, but were not identified. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Last, we show that ATP11A, DPP9, NPNT, and MUC1 are highly expressed in lung alveolar epithelial cells, both in COVID-19 uninfected and infected samples. (bvsalud.org)
These findings clarify the importance of alternative splicing in lung for COVID-19 and respiratory diseases, providing isoform-based targets for drug discovery. (bvsalud.org)
1, 2 Moreover, susceptibility is largely intrinsic to the lung itself as shown by the classical experiments involving lung explants from sensitive and resistant mice. (bmj.com)
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by lung endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodeling. (surrey.ac.uk)
Xpc −/− mice displayed a significant increase in lung tumors and a trend toward increased liver tumors compared with Xpa -deficient or wild-type mice. (aacrjournals.org)
Additionally, Xpc -deficient mice exhibited a strong increase in mutant frequency in lung compared with Xpa −/− mice, whereas in both models mutant frequency is increased in liver. (aacrjournals.org)
Suitability of cells: Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CHL cells, clone No. 11) were used in this test because they are widely employed, for in vitro chromosomal aberration tests, show quite high sensitivity to chemical mutagens, and a large amount of data is available about their chromosomal aberrations. (europa.eu)
A total of 44 studies were included covering 21 mouse strains and focusing on fibrosis in the lung, liver, kidney, intestine and heart. (biomedcentral.com)

We conclude that studies on TLR contributions in the maternal-fetal transmission of particular parasite strains and congenital toxoplasmosis are warranted. (springer.com)
T. gondii type II strains, identified predominantly in the populations of some European countries and the United States, were reported to generate congenital toxoplasmosis, including lethal infection, severe neuro-ocular involvement, isolated chorioretinitis, and/or latent toxoplasmosis [ 7 ]. (springer.com)

Another mouse strain (missense mutation (T>G foundation substitution in exon 16) that changes a highly conserved valine to glycine at residue 674 [34]. (gasyblog.com)

Type II strains, predominantly identified in European countries and the United States, correlate with a differential course of toxoplasmosis. (springer.com)

We determined the presence of EndoMT in the pulmonary vasculature in vivo and the functional effects on pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) undergoing EndoMT in vitro. (surrey.ac.uk)
To determine whether sNEP-expressing NSCs can also modulate AD-pathogenesis in vivo, control-modified and sNEP-NSCs were transplanted unilaterally into the hippocampus of two independent and well characterized transgenic models of AD: 3xTg-AD and Thy1-APP mice. (nih.gov)

When researchers compare their modified mice to control Black 6 mice, they may observe phenotypic differences that result from passenger mutations in 129 mouse DNA, rather than from changes to their actual gene of interest, according to the Ghent team. (the-scientist.com)

4, 5 Four QTLs identified as pulmonary adenoma susceptibility (Pas) loci 1-4 have been mapped, respectively, to mouse chromosomes 6, 17, 19, and 9. (bmj.com)
Genomic loci modulating retinal ganglion cell death following elevated IOP in the mouse. (uni-muenchen.de)
Quantitative trait loci analysis can be time consuming and can only analyse two different mouse strains at a time. (biomedcentral.com)

While Akt Ser 473 phosphorylation was readily detectable in AND-34 +/+ lens epithelial cells, it was markedly reduced in the AND-34 −/− lens epithelium. (molvis.org)

Imiquimod (IMQ) produces a cutaneous phenotype in mice frequently studied as an acute model of human psoriasis. (altmetric.com)

These new findings suggest new roles for L1 in the mechanism of cortical dendrite differentiation, as well as in guidance of callosal axons and regulation of hippocampal development. (jneurosci.org)
Further, the absence of USF1 did not lead to alterations of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, or survival. (researchsquare.com)

We identified spleen as an important source of these cardiovascular complications in Hmox1 −/− mice. (springer.com)

For RA induction, mouse ES cells were treated with 0.3 uM of all-trans retinoic acid for 6 hours. (nih.gov)
We also found that SRC-3 depletion in cultured HESCs results in a significant attenuation in the induction of a wide-range of established biomarkers of decidualization, despite exposure of these cells to a deciduogenic stimulus and normal progesterone receptor expression. (frontiersin.org)

While AND-34 is widely expressed in wild type mice, histologic analysis of multiple organs in AND-34 −/− mice is unremarkable and analyses of lymphocyte development show no overt changes. (molvis.org)
To investigate the effects of papillomavirus on carcinogen-driven skin cancer, we colonized several strains of immunocompetent mice with mouse papillomavirus type 1 (MmuPV1) 5 . (nature.com)
Previous studies have found that DIM can improve type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, and by lowering the plasma glucose levels in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice [13, 14]. (researchgate.net)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from the destruction of insulinproducing β cells in the pancreas, that leads to hyperglycemia [1,2,20]. (researchgate.net)
Induced EndoMT cells exhibited up-regulation of mesenchymal markers, including collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin, and a reduction in endothelial cell and junctional proteins, including von Willebrand factor, CD31, occludin, and vascular endothelial-cadherin. (surrey.ac.uk)
classified dopamine neurons in the mouse brain into eight types based on the areas to which they project, and then mapped which neurons send input signals to each type. (elifesciences.org)
Higher transcription levels of IP-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 cytokines, and NF-κB translocation to the nucleus were more often documented for type II strains than type I strains. (springer.com)
Hmox1 knockout (Hmox1 −/− ) and wild-type (WT, Hmox1 +/+ ) mice were subjected to a permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. (springer.com)
Data were collected from studies that were deemed eligible for analysis based on set inclusion criteria, and findings were assessed in relation to strain of mouse, type of injury and organ of investigation. (biomedcentral.com)

Quantitative studies were made of the infection of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro by cytomegalovirus, using virus assays and immunofluorescence. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The pathogenesis of infection was studied in intact mice by immunofluorescence, and the observations paralleled the in vitro findings. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Infection of adult mouse macrophages in vitro with cytomegalovirus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Six parasites ont montré une résistance in vitro au stibogluconate de sodium en utilisant le test de détection des amastigotes dans les macrophages J774 murins. (who.int)

The region in question includes the SHC2 gene which, in mice and rats, appears to have some function in the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)

A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. (wikipedia.org)
Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or more commonly from the failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis or from the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm. (wikipedia.org)
The modal number of chromosomes is 25 per cell. (europa.eu)

These studies have served to highlight the role of AND-34/BCAR3 and p130Cas in cell adhesion and migration signaling pathways. (molvis.org)
L1 has been localized to growth cones and processes of postmitotic developing neurons, where it mediates cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and axon bundling. (jneurosci.org)

Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
It also occurs in the somatic cells of other animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders. (wikipedia.org)
Milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectra can reflect the global composition of milk, and this study aimed to detect the relationships between milk MIR spectral wavenumbers and milk somatic cell count (SCC)-a sensitive biomarker for mastitis. (bvsalud.org)

RNA and DNA in situ hybridization probes for 25 commensal β-HPVs revealed a significant reduction in viral activity and load in human skin cancer compared with the adjacent healthy skin, suggesting a strong immune selection against virus-positive malignant cells. (nature.com)

The data serve as a timely warning to mouse researchers about an unexpected complication of Cre-mediated gene manipulation. (elifesciences.org)

Nonetheless, our findings suggest that B6 mice provide a better background than other strains for modeling psoriasis disease mechanisms. (altmetric.com)
Our findings suggest that in 129 and Bl6 mouse strains, iPSCs can dominantly adopt a naive pluripotent state regardless of culture growth factor conditions. (mdc-berlin.de)
CONCLUSIONS: These findings establish alternative splicing as a major regulator of the human condition and suggest that most contemporary RNA-seq studies likely miss out on critical biological insights. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusions Our findings suggest that DIM may improve insulin sensitivity through the activation of the insulin signaling pathway, leading to enhanced glucose uptake. (researchgate.net)
Our findings suggest that DIM may ameliorate hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of PKC-α and TGF-β1 signaling. (researchgate.net)
Taken together, these findings suggest that autophosphorylation of PINK1 is essential for the mitochondrial translocation of Parkin and for subsequent phosphorylation and activation of Parkin. (sdbonline.org)
Collectively these data suggest that the metabolic regulator USF1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice and that this modulation of mood states is unrelated to USF1-dependent BAT activation, but instead reflected in structural changes in the brain. (researchsquare.com)
Our findings suggest that IL activity during extinction training likely facilitates storage of extinction in target structures, but contrary to current models, IL activity does not appear to be necessary for retrieval of extinction memory. (jneurosci.org)

In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
Enlarged ventricles and septal abnormalities were also features of the mutant mouse brain. (jneurosci.org)
The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome. (jneurosci.org)
We found that cells expressing the valine→glycine human being Duox (hDuox) mutant enzymes failed to translocate Duox in the plasma membrane and launch H2O2. (gasyblog.com)
Materials and Methods Animals Duox2 mutant mice were purchased from your Jackson Laboratories. (gasyblog.com)

Differences in the extent of Kupffer cell infection by the two strains of virus were not detected in these experiments. (microbiologyresearch.org)
There is evidence that mouse strain differences influence susceptibility to fibrosis and this appears to be organ specific. (biomedcentral.com)

displays a reduced size of the corticospinal tract and decreased axonal association with nonmyelinating Schwann cells. (jneurosci.org)
Myelinating Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a single axon and express high levels of myelin-related proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA). (medscape.com)

AND-34 −/− mice were generated by homologous recombination. (molvis.org)

Some genetically engineered mice harbor unwanted mutations that hitchhike alongside desired modifications, affecting experimental outcomes. (the-scientist.com)

Whether this phenotype depends on strain or sex has never been systematically investigated on a large scale. (altmetric.com)
Surgical removal of interscapular BAT did not impact the behavioural phenotype of USF1 KO mice. (researchsquare.com)

People don't realize that recombination occurs very infrequently and that you're going to end up with this chunk of DNA from one strain on the background of the other," said Jake Lusis , who studies mouse genetics and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders at the University of California, Los Angeles, and was not involved in the study. (the-scientist.com)

Spleen necrosis in mice infected with cytomegalovi-us. (microbiologyresearch.org)

But a substantial quantity of biology research has been built on traditionally constructed transgenic mice, and many labs continue to use them. (the-scientist.com)
In Systems Genetics , Methods in Molecular Biology 1488:75-120 [An updated primer in using GeneNetwork for molecular analysis of mouse and human cohorts. (genenetwork.org)
Cell cycle gene expression networks discovered using systems biology: Significance in carcinogenesis. (genenetwork.org)

Nature Communications 7:10464 [Best reference on the BXD family of strains and the wide range of phenotypes that have been generated over the past 40 years. (genenetwork.org)

Histologic assessment of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated PAH and the hypoxia/SU5416 mouse model identified the presence von Willebrand factor/α-smooth muscle actin-positive endothelial cells in up to 5% of pulmonary vessels. (surrey.ac.uk)

Multiple system atrophy can be explained as cell loss and gliosis or a proliferation of astrocytes in damaged areas of the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)

These molecular findings are supported at the cellular level by the inability of HESCs to morphologically transform from a stromal fibroblastoid cell to an epithelioid decidual cell when endogenous SRC-3 levels are markedly reduced. (frontiersin.org)
Short-term neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation improves cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mice by enhancing endogenous synaptic connectivity. (nih.gov)

The passage number of cells used in the chromosomal aberration test was 40 for 24 hours treatment, 40 for 48 hours treatment by the direct method, and 23 by the metabolic activation method. (europa.eu)

Characterization of the key molecular signalling pathways revealed FGF-iPSCs to depend on the Activin/Nodal and FGF pathways, while signalling through the JAK-STAT pathway is not required for FGF-iPS cell maintenance. (mdc-berlin.de)

Infected cells were very rarely seen in the thymus, even in suckling mice. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Combining rabies-virus tracing, optical clearing (CLARITY), and whole-brain light-sheet imaging, we mapped the monosynaptic inputs to midbrain dopamine neurons projecting to different targets (different parts of the striatum, cortex, amygdala, etc) in mice. (elifesciences.org)

Non-human primates (NHPs) can sustain viral replication in relevant cell types and develop a robust immune response, but they do not develop overt disease. (mdpi.com)
Humanized mouse models can sustain DENV replication and show some signs of disease, but further development is needed to validate the immune response. (mdpi.com)
Alterations in immune response to particular T. gondii strains were observed. (springer.com)

Xpa −/− mice showed a significant elevation in liver tumors. (aacrjournals.org)

Such effects, however, could lead to conflicts among studies, while further impacting study outcomes and efforts to translate research findings. (altmetric.com)
In the 1990s, research findings reported that significantly stronger bone response and higher bone-to-implant contact were achieved in moderately rough or microrough implant surfaces [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Anatomy13

Organisms63

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs50

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes71

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care13

Geographicals2

Vary in their susceptibility1

C57BL8

Genes12

Knockout mice5

Congenic3

Sequences3

Demonstrate6

BALB3

Rodents1

Chromosome1

Organism2

Backcross2

Immunity8

Genome4

Recombinant4

Genetic10

Protein6

Heterozygous3

Manipulate1

Stromal cells4

Salivary gland5

Lesions2

Embryonic6

Humans5

Bone marrow6

Lung8

Congenital2

Mutation1

Predominantly1

Vivo2

Phenotypic1

Loci3

Epithelial cells1

Cutaneous1

Hippocampal2

Complications1

Induction2

Type9

Vitro4

Rats1

Chromosomes3

Adhesion2

Somatic3

Hybridization1

Researchers1

Suggest8

Mutant5

Differences2

Schwann2

Homologous recombination1

Mutations1

Phenotype2

Background1

Spleen1

Biology3

Phenotypes1

Pulmonary1

Proliferation1

Endogenous2

Chromosomal1

Molecular1

Thymus1

Amygdala1

Immune response3

Liver1

Research findings2