• Autonomic nerve fibers lead directly to them from the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are densely innervated by slow-adapting type I mechanoreceptor nerve fibers and serve as critical transmitters for light touch and hair movement stimuli. (medscape.com)
  • These clear-staining cells at the dermoepidermal junction were near myelinated nerve fibers. (medscape.com)
  • Friedrich Sigmund Merkel discovered the Merkel cell in 1875. (medscape.com)
  • The adrenal medullary cells are controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Sympathetic nerve fiber impulses stimulate the release of adrenal medullary hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultimately, it is unclear whether the eponymous Merkel cell is truly a histiogenic precursor of Merkel cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Other suggested cells of origin include the neural crest‒derived cell of amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) system, dermal fibroblasts, pre or pro B cells, residual epidermal stem cells, and epithelial, non-Merkel cell progenitors. (medscape.com)
  • In relation to phospholipids, they represent the main structural element of cell membranes, while cholesterol is a precursor of hormones and a constituent of bile. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • These cells can be the source of several types of lung cancer, most notably small cell carcinoma of the lung, and bronchial carcinoid tumor. (wikipedia.org)
  • This skin cancer has been called by several other names, including primary small-cell carcinoma of the skin, APUDoma, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, and the Toker tumor. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 , 6 ] Furthermore, experiments have demonstrated that epidermal progenitors in the touch domes are capable of producing Merkel cell lines and that epithelial progenitor populations in adults have the capacity to give rise to both neuroendocrine and squamous lineages. (medscape.com)
  • They are often found near other lesions of actinically damaged skin, including skin involved with Bowen disease, squamous cell carcinoma , basal cell carcinoma , solar keratoses, or lentigo maligna . (medscape.com)
  • The nonspecific characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) lead to a lengthy differential diagnosis that includes basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma, amelanotic melanoma, epidermal cysts, lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma of the skin. (medscape.com)
  • [ 9 ] Since our understanding of the histogenesis is still evolving, some authors choose to refer to Merkel cell carcinoma as neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] On the basis of the histologic characteristics of the tumor, he named it trabecular cell carcinoma of the skin. (medscape.com)
  • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT axis) Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) Hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are specialized airway epithelial cells that occur as solitary cells or as clusters called neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) in the lung. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are hypothetically involved in regulating localized epithelial cell growth and regeneration through a paracrine mechanism, whereby their signaling peptides are released into the environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • these substances exert direct mitogenic effects on epithelial cells and exhibit many properties akin to growth factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the advent of improved immunohistochemical profiling, the tumor was reclassified as Merkel cell carcinoma because shared epithelial and neuroendocrine markers, along with ultrastructural features suggestive of neural crest origin, were observed in both the constituent tumor cell and the physiologic Merkel cell of the skin. (medscape.com)
  • Within skin, Merkel cells have also been shown to cluster in the basal layers of the interfollicular epidermis in specialized epithelial structures called touch domes, where they are juxtaposed with epidermal keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Neuroendocrine cells are cells that receive neuronal input (through neurotransmitters released by nerve cells or neurosecretory cells) and, as a consequence of this input, release messenger molecules (hormones) into the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • APUD cells are considered part of the neuroendocrine system, and share many staining properties with neuroendocrine cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells are also known as Kulchitsky cells or K cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specialized groups of neuroendocrine cells can be found at the base of the third ventricle in the brain (in a region called the hypothalamus). (wikipedia.org)
  • Neuroendocrine tumor Neuroendocrinology Neurohormone Chromophobe cell Melanotroph Chromophil Acidophil cell Basophil cell Oxyphil cell Oxyphil cell (parathyroid) Pituitary gland Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). (wikipedia.org)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma with growing incidence and high metastatic potential. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] As neuroendocrine carcinomas were thought to be of neural crest origin, in 1978 Tang and Toker proposed that this carcinoma might be derived from Merkel cells. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cells were thought to be of neural crest origin because they are excitable cells that secrete neuropeptides and stain positively for neuroendocrine markers. (medscape.com)
  • [ 6 ] As they are primarily postmitotic, Merkel cells putatively have low sensitivity to oncogenic stimuli, and they are found in the basal epidermis, whereas cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinomas arise in the dermis. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is the eponym for primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, a dermal neoplasm with cytoplasmic, dense-core neuroendocrine granules and keratin filaments. (medscape.com)
  • Feng et al established in 2008 that approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas in the Northern hemisphere occur after genomic integration by a ubiquitous skin commensal virus, Merkel cell polyoma virus (MCPyV). (medscape.com)
  • More than half of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) occur in the head and neck of elderly people in areas of actinically damaged skin. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) usually appear as indurated plaques or violaceous (red or deep purple) solitary and dome-shaped nodules. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) usually occur in sun-damaged skin. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, in adults, Merkel cells undergo slow turnover and are replaced by cells originating from epidermal stem cells, not through the proliferation of differentiated Merkel cells. (medscape.com)
  • He observed tastzellen (touch cells) in the skin of the snouts of pigs and moles and deduced a mechanosensory function. (medscape.com)
  • He fixed and stained the skin of geese and ducks and demonstrated touch cells in the snouts of pigs. (medscape.com)
  • Also see Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck and Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Rare Appendageal Tumors . (medscape.com)
  • Common distribution of Merkel cell carcinoma in the head and neck is shown in the image below. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] These specialized sensory cells are normally found in the basal epidermis of skin and parts of mucosal surfaces derived from the ectoderm. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon and aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that lacks distinguishing clinical features. (medscape.com)
  • This area controls most anterior pituitary cells and thereby regulates functions in the entire body, like responses to stress, cold, sleep, and the reproductive system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rupture of this sealing or lysis of connective tissue fibers attached to the apical cementum to the junctional epithelium, lead to rapid migration of the sulcular epithelium and consequent pathological pocket formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are carried by portal vessels to the pituitary cells where they may stimulate, inhibit, or maintain the function of a particular cell type. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, differences such as the absence of cementum and periodontal ligament in the periimplant region, orientation of the collagen fibers in the periimplant soft tissue, which is parallel to the implant surface and not inserted in the implant surface and periimplant vascularization must be taken into consideration to provide reliable prognosis 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • This area controls most anterior pituitary cells and thereby regulates functions in the entire body, like responses to stress, cold, sleep, and the reproductive system. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2-acidopholic cells in the anterior pituitary. (geneandcells.com)
  • APUD cells are considered part of the neuroendocrine system, and share many staining properties with neuroendocrine cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors Neuroendocrine tumors Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. (lecturio.com)
  • Enterochromaffin cells consists of cytoplasmic granules that able to decrease silver compounds and these cell located in gastrointestinal tract. (geneandcells.com)
  • 1-Basophilic cells in the pancreas that spatter insulin and they contain granules that are soluble in alcohol. (geneandcells.com)
  • In fact they are cells that when painting with potassium bichromate we see a brown granules. (geneandcells.com)
  • These cells contains granules that stain and painting with azocarmine dye. (geneandcells.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is the eponym for primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, a dermal neoplasm with cytoplasmic, dense-core neuroendocrine granules and keratin filaments. (medscape.com)
  • The solitary cells can be found throughout the airways of mammals, whereas the NEBs are confined to the intrapulmonary airways. (nih.gov)
  • Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include ectopic hormone production (often via apud cells), the presence of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition. (lecturio.com)
  • Even as they secrete neuropeptides, Merkel cells additionally express intermediate filaments characteristic of primitive and simple epithelia such as cytokeratin (CK) 8, CK18, and CK20. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cells were thought to be of neural crest origin because they are excitable cells that secrete neuropeptides and stain positively for neuroendocrine markers. (medscape.com)
  • Macrophage like cells with long process located in the skin and the cortex of lymph nodes. (geneandcells.com)
  • In addition to metastasizing to the lymph nodes, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) can also spread to the brain, bones, liver, and lungs, thus affecting their function. (medscape.com)
  • Benign Bone Tumors are from the exocrine pancreas Exocrine pancreas The major component (about 80%) of the pancreas composed of acinar functional units of tubular and spherical cells. (lecturio.com)
  • It has been postulated that human lung tumors with endocrinelike properties, namely, bronchial carcinoids and lung small cell carcinomas, may originate from lung neuroendocrinelike cells. (nih.gov)
  • Also see Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck and Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Rare Appendageal Tumors . (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma with growing incidence and high metastatic potential. (medscape.com)
  • [ 9 ] Since our understanding of the histogenesis is still evolving, some authors choose to refer to Merkel cell carcinoma as neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of glial cells (SCHWANN CELLS in the peripheral and OLIGODENDROGLIA in the central nervous system). (centralx.com)
  • The function of lung neuroendocrinelike cells is not known, but morphological and cytochemical studies suggest that the NEBs are intrapulmonary chemoreceptors that can respond to changes in airway gas composition. (nih.gov)
  • citation needed] Sympathetic nerve fiber impulses stimulate the release of adrenal medullary hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histochemical methods used to identify these cells have included staining with silver, amine-type fluorescence (APUD cell), periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-lead hematoxylin, and immunohistochemical localization of neuron-specific enolase. (nih.gov)
  • Interaction of such a progenitor cell population with selected carcinogens may lead to stimulation of the rate of normal differentiation or, alternately, to selection of an abnormal route of differentiation that possesses a neuroendocrine phenotype. (nih.gov)
  • Apparent hyperplasia of lung neuroendocrinelike cells can occur readily in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine. (nih.gov)
  • Loss of fluid from cells due to increase osmotic pressure of blood and tissue fluid. (geneandcells.com)
  • However, differences such as the absence of cementum and periodontal ligament in the periimplant region, orientation of the collagen fibers in the periimplant soft tissue, which is parallel to the implant surface and not inserted in the implant surface and periimplant vascularization must be taken into consideration to provide reliable prognosis 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Rupture of this sealing or lysis of connective tissue fibers attached to the apical cementum to the junctional epithelium, lead to rapid migration of the sulcular epithelium and consequent pathological pocket formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Neuroendocrine cells are cells that receive neuronal input (through neurotransmitters released by nerve cells or neurosecretory cells) and, as a consequence of this input, release messenger molecules (hormones) into the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here hypothalamic neurosecretory cells release factors to the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the elements and cells that existed in blood. (geneandcells.com)
  • Even as the nature of the exact cell in which Merkel cell carcinoma oncogenesis occurs is controversial, there is strong support for the notion that Merkel cell carcinoma results from of one of two distinct pathways. (medscape.com)
  • All cells surrounded by plasma membrane or cell membrane and this structure contain of two layers of phospholipid. (geneandcells.com)
  • He observed tastzellen (touch cells) in the skin of the snouts of pigs and moles and deduced a mechanosensory function. (medscape.com)
  • All of the process let cell to controlled internal space also body fluids. (geneandcells.com)
  • The cells in our body have a different types and different cells doing special duty. (geneandcells.com)
  • A complex of cells that exist in the cerebellar cortex which enclosed the cell body of each Purkinje cell. (geneandcells.com)
  • One of bone cell in our body also called osteocyte. (geneandcells.com)
  • On the surface in membrane that cells have membrane protein which these components selected that active and passive transport. (geneandcells.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) commonly appears as a painless mass on or just under the skin surface. (medscape.com)
  • Actin and myosin within the crystalline lens maintain the structural integrity of lens fiber cells and form a hexagonal lattice cradling the posterior surface of the lens. (molvis.org)
  • Since cementum or fiber attachment is not seen around the titanium surface, mucosal seal provides the main barrier against the dissemination of pathological aggressions in the deep periimplant tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • One of the groups of acidophilic cells in the adenohypophysis. (geneandcells.com)
  • As with other skin cancers, the risk of developing Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) can likely be decreased via protection from ultraviolet (UV) light. (medscape.com)
  • These cells are bottle- or flask-like in shape, and reach from the basement membrane to the lumen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry may be needed to confirm the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). (medscape.com)