Fern polyploidy. Medical search. Frequent questions

The genus Solidago represents a taxonomically challenging group due to its sheer number of species, putative hybridization, polyploidy, and shallow genetic divergence among species. (academic-accelerator.com)
Genetic and genomic aspects of hybridization in ferns [J]. J Syst Evol, 2016, 54(6): 638-655. (jse.ac.cn)
Polyploidy and other reticulate processes (e.g., hybridization, introgression) are also recognized as critical phenomena that have shaped the evolutionary trajectories of many plant lineages, and ferns have some of the highest rates of polyploidy among vascular plants. (sessalab.org)

Genome duplication above the diploid state (a.k.a. polyploidy) is widespread among plants and animals and is particularly common in flowering plants and ferns. (uoguelph.ca)

Many ferns and flowering plants have accumulated multiple sets of chromosomes from past hybridisation between species, or from genome duplication within species. (tepapa.govt.nz)
Polyploidy occurs in cells and organisms when there are more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes . (wikipedia.org)
Another stumbling block that the Finnish researchers highlighted was that ulluco often exhibits polyploidy, where additional sets of chromosomes get incorporated into the nuclei of the plant's cells. (blogspot.com)

Current hypotheses suggest that gametophytic selection in early seedless land plants would have seen negative repercussions due to the limitations imposed by environmental selection on independent gametophytes, like those of bryophytes and ferns. (wikipedia.org)
In this work, proteomic analyses of heart-shaped gametophytes of two ferns were performed: the apomictic Dryopteris affinis ssp. (bvsalud.org)
In situ observations of gametophytes of six fern species of Costa Rica. (weebly.com)

However, debate persists about whether whole genome duplication (polyploidy) is an evolutionary dead-end or a key process fostering diversification and expanded ecological tolerance in lineages. (tepapa.govt.nz)
Polyploidy, or whole genome duplication (WGD) is a prominent force in plant evolution, with nearly one-third of speciation events in ferns associated with a change in ploidy. (weebly.com)

We found evidence consistent with a single ancient polyploidy event in the evolutionary history of Ceratopteris based on both genomic and cytogenetic data, and on repeat proportions similar to those found in large flowering plant genomes. (nsf.gov)
[1] Some estimates suggest that 30-80% of living plant species are polyploid, and many lineages show evidence of ancient polyploidy (paleopolyploidy) in their genomes . (wikipedia.org)

On a larger scale, we are interested in the processes that shape genome evolution following polyploidy and the patterns of gene retention that arise as a consequence. (weebly.com)
The lack of this crucial resource has not only hindered investigations of evolutionary processes responsible for the unusual genome characteristics of homosporous ferns, but also impeded synthesis of genome evolution across land plants. (nsf.gov)

Neo- and Paleopolyploidy contribute to the species diversity of Asplenium -the most species-rich genus of ferns [J]. J Syst Evol, 2017, 55(4): 353-364. (jse.ac.cn)
The wood ferns (genus Dryopteris) are a group of over 400 species and are commonly seen throughout temperate areas, especially in forests. (geneseo.edu)
The group is known for hydridization, polyploidy and subsequent speciation which accounts for the large number of species (see discussion of speciation through polyploidy in Chapter 28 ). (geneseo.edu)
Here, we used the model fern species Ceratopteris richardii to address the processes (e.g., polyploidy, spread of repeat elements) by which the large genomes and high chromosome numbers typical of homosporous ferns may have evolved and have been maintained. (nsf.gov)
Ferns are the second largest group of vascular land plants (ca. 10,000 species), and lycophytes (ca. 1,300 species) are sister to the ferns plus the seed plants (the euphyllophytes). (sessalab.org)
Some plant species with certain types of polyploidy do not use sexual reproduction, but survive with asexual methods. (wikipedia.org)
There may, however, be many genetic changes in the species after polyploidy has taken place. (wikipedia.org)

Ferns and lycophytes have received scant molecular attention in comparison to angiosperms. (bvsalud.org)
ferns and lycophytes (traditionally collectively called pteridophytes). (sessalab.org)
Our work, whether on ferns, lycophytes, or other systems, uses data collected in field and experimental studies and generated via Sanger and next-generation sequencing. (sessalab.org)
Learn more about ferns and lycophytes by clicking below, or visit the Research page to learn about current projects in our lab. (sessalab.org)
Ferns and lycophytes are therefore not a clade, but have historically been associated with one another as the spore-bearing vascular plants, or pteridophytes . (sessalab.org)
A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns [J]. J Syst Evol, 2016, 54(6): 563-603. (jse.ac.cn)

Our analyses will answer key evolutionary questions on the role of polyploidy in the diversification of vascular plants within New Zealand, and allow comparisons to other island systems. (tepapa.govt.nz)
Evolution of rapid blue‐light response linked to explosive diversification of ferns in angiosperm forests. (ufl.edu)

[3] 15% of angiosperm and 31% of fern speciation events are accompanied by ploidy increase. (wikipedia.org)

Ferns and their relatives are vascular plants, meaning they have xylem and phloem tissues. (biologyonline.com)

Using a combination of approaches (transcriptomics, population genomics), we aim to unravel some of the mysteries remaining around obligate asexual reproduction in ferns. (weebly.com)
Life without a sporophyte: the origins and genomic consequences of asexual reproduction in a gametophyte-only fern. (weebly.com)

Ferns are notorious for possessing large genomes and numerous chromosomes. (nsf.gov)

The Appalachian gametophyte, Vittaria appalachiana , is one example of a handful of ferns that have lost the sporophyte portion of their life cycle. (weebly.com)
Like all plants, wood ferns exhibits alternation of generations with a visible sporophyte and hard-to-find bisexual gametophyte that is small, uncommonly seen, and quickly over grown by the sporophyte that grows out from the archegonia. (geneseo.edu)
Wood ferns (both the sporophyte and gametophyte) are a typical photoautotroph s, using the energy of sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and then using the carbohydrates as an energy source in cellular respiration and as building materials to synthesize a variety of biomolecules. (geneseo.edu)

Hen and Chickens fern ( Asplenium bulbiferum ). (tepapa.govt.nz)

Polyploidy: an evolutionary and ecological force in stressful times. (ufl.edu)

For his Ph.D at UW-Milwaukee with Dr. Sara Hoot, Keir worked on the systematics and cytology of Caltha and completed a two-year postdoc with an NSF fellowship at University of California, Berkeley, studying polyploidy in ferns. (eventleaf.com)
State of the art and perspectives on neotropical fern and lycophyte systematics [J]. J Syst Evol, 2016, 54(6): 679-690. (jse.ac.cn)

Genetic enhancement and diversity can be improved with biotechnological approaches using mutagens, and colchicine is the most widely used in inducing polyploidy levels in many garlic varieties [ 8 , 9 ]. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Although colchicine induces polyploidy and enhances genetic diversity, the concentration of colchicine is crucial for the success of ploidy induction. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)

Its prevalence in plants (and absence in many animals) has long puzzled biologists and recent mathematical models still argue that polyploidy should rarely evolve in sexual organisms with non-overlapping generations. (uoguelph.ca)
In this article, we'll look at different types of sexual life cycles used by different organisms, from humans to ferns to bread mold. (khanacademy.org)

Fronds and stipe of a Dryopteris fern, showing 'fruit dots' (clusters of sporangia) on the undersides of leaves. (geneseo.edu)

Despite decades of speculation, the processes underlying the expansive genomes of ferns are unclear, largely due to the absence of a sequenced homosporous fern genome. (nsf.gov)
Ferns are the major focus of work in our lab, and they are fascinating for many reasons, including their huge genomes and high chromosome numbers, interesting physiological ecology and biogeographic patterns, and mating behavior that allows for extreme selfing. (sessalab.org)

Alternation of generation is typical of ferns and Bryophyta. (tripod.com)

The interactions among the identified proteins of the ferns D. affinis and D. oreades, together with the description of their biological functions, might contribute to a better understanding of the function and development of ferns as well as fill knowledge gaps in plant evolution. (bvsalud.org)
In this group, the gametophyte (haploid) generation does not occur as an independent plant (as in ferns). (tripod.com)

2022. Phylotranscriptomics illuminates the placement of whole genome duplications and gene retention in fern ferns. (weebly.com)
Since the flower in https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/indiantreepix/7-kRSVOxAMQ/sDatK69AGYAJ had not been resulted out of sacrificing stamens (as have been explained in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-flowered#Genetics_of_double-flower_mutations ), i think the abnormality lies in tissue differentiation due to certain changes in gene expressions, rather than a polyploidy condition. (google.com)

I think my first tubers came from Ken Fern of Plants for a Future. (blogspot.com)

Using a combination of data types, such as transcriptomics, target-capture sequencing, chromosome counts, and flow cytometry, I aim to elucidate the patterns and processes behind polyploidy in ferns. (weebly.com)
Polyploidy does not control all: Lineage‐specific average chromosome length constrains genome size evolution in ferns [J]. J Syst Evol, 2019, 57(4): 418-430. (jse.ac.cn)

The haploid pollen and ovule produced by a flower are thought to contain the remains of the gametophyte generation which was typical of the ancestors of the angiosperms (up to and including ferns). (tripod.com)

In the period before the Permian (the Carboniferous), the landscape was dominated by seedless ferns and their relatives. (tripod.com)

Polyploidy is an important mechanism in the evolution of plants. (tripod.com)
Polyploidy may occur in one generation, and is an exception to the principle that evolution occurs gradually. (wikipedia.org)

Polyploidy may have been a mechanism that avoided these repercussions in modern ferns. (wikipedia.org)

Schölch A (2021) Formation of gametophytic sori in Osmunda regalis L. Indian Fern Journal 38, 27-35. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division . (wikipedia.org)

Wood ferns contains a number of toxins and are rarely grazed by mammals but are eaten by some caterpillars. (geneseo.edu)

Polyploidy has a thicker cell size but a low cell number per leaf blade compared to diploids [ 9 ]. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Among other features that unite the Polypodiales is a sporangium with a band of cells, the annulus, that is interrupted by the stalk that attaches the sporangium to the fern leaf. (geneseo.edu)
This fern leaf is dissected two-times (i.e. each leaflet has leaflets). (geneseo.edu)

I plan to develop L. microphyllum as a model system for understanding invasive fern biology with the hope of generating resources for applied sciences. (weebly.com)

Polyploidy plants induced by colchicine in vitro result in an increase in DNA content and affect epidermal surface cells [ 11 ]. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)

In Press at the American Fern Journal. (weebly.com)
Indian Fern Journal 39, 16-51. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Wood ferns are found throughout the eastern U.S., generally in forested situations. (geneseo.edu)
Where are threatened ferns found? (jse.ac.cn)

A Natural History of Ferns by Robbin Moran, ISBN 1604690623. (geneseo.edu)

Wood ferns are members of the Pterophyta, the fern group, which includes ferns, horsetails and wisk ferns. (geneseo.edu)

Polyploidy in animals. (wikipedia.org)

The Chinese ladder brake fern, P.vittata, shows considerable morphological variations and has wide geographical distribution throughout the world. (ptti.or.id)

The leaves of most wood ferns are dissected 2-4 times. (geneseo.edu)

Anatomy3

Organisms16

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs2

Phenomena and Processes12

Information Science1

Hybridization3

Diploid1

Sets of chromosomes3

Gametophytes3

Whole genome duplication2

Ancient polyploidy2

Genome evolution2

Species7

Lycophytes6

Diversification2

Speciation events1

Vascular1

Asexual reproduction2

Chromosomes1

Sporophyte3

Asplenium1

Evolutionary1

Systematics2

Genetic2

Organisms2

Dryopteris1

Genomes2

Alternation1

Plant2

Gene2

Plants For A1

Chromosome2

Gametophyte1

Relatives1

Evolution2

Mechanism1

Gametophytic1

Occur1

Rarely1

Leaf3

Applied sciences1

Cells1

Journal2

Found2

Natural History1

Group1

Animals1

World1

Times1