• The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is an insect pest of soybean (Glycine max) that is exotic to North America. (wikipedia.org)
  • Co-expression network analysis revealed that aphid infestation modulates sorghum defenses by regulating genes corresponding to phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways, secondary metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, phytohormones, sugar metabolism and cell wall-related genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study offers further insights to better understand sorghum defenses against aphid herbivory. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Host plant resistance has proven to be highly economical and eco-friendly long term insect management strategy [ 8 ] that has been broadly used for the management of other sorghum pests such as greenbugs ( Schizaphis graminum ) and corn leaf aphids ( Rhopalosiphum maidis ) [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The soybean aphid was first documented in North America in Wisconsin in July 2000. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2004) noted that the soybean aphid probably arrived in North America earlier than 2000, but remained undetected for a period of time. (wikipedia.org)
  • The optimal temperature for soybean aphid development occurs between 25 and 30 °C, and exposure to prolonged temperatures of 35 °C (95 °F) decrease survival rates and fecundity of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • The total longevity, adult pre-ovipositional period (APOP) and total pre-ovipositional period (TPOP) were prolonged, while pre-adult survival rate and fecundity were reduced at both concentrations of spinetoram and emamectin benzoate. (bvsalud.org)
  • There were 187 genes that were highly expressed during the early time of aphid infestation in the SCA-resistant line, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins, ethylene response factors, cell wall-related, pathogenesis-related proteins, and disease resistance-responsive dirigent-like proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vast areas are grazed by cattle and sheep, while others are planted with food crops, such as wheat, corn, soybean, sunflower, sugar cane and rice or commercial forests of (mostly non-native) trees for timber and other forest products. (pensoft.net)
  • Studies have demonstrated a positive correlation exists between upper leaf nitrogen content of soybean and the occurrence of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aphids also secrete sugary substance known as honeydew, which allows the growth of sooty mold and results in reduced leaf area for light absorption and photosynthesis in plants, thus declining the photosynthetic efficiency of infested plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been described as a common pest of soybeans in China and as an occasional pest of soybeans in Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Feeding by soybean aphids injures soybean by interfering with photosynthetic pathways-more specifically, biological mechanisms responsible for restoring chlorophyll to a low energy state are impaired. (wikipedia.org)
  • In summary, our results indicate that the SCA-resistant line is better adapted to activate early defense signaling mechanisms in response to SCA infestation because of the rapid activation of the defense mechanisms by regulating genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis pathway, oxidoreductase activity, biosynthesis of phytohormones, and cell wall composition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Damage to a soybean plant during this initial stage is a result of stylet-feeding and can include curling and stunting of leaves and twigs, physiological delays, and underdevelopment of root tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • The final stage of infestation by soybean aphids on soybean, or peak stage, begins in mid- to late July and is characterized by very high densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yield losses as high as 50 to 70% have been documented as a result of prolonged exposure to high densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition to its high fecundity, T. remus is especially noteworthy for its effective action on eggs of Spodoptera spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reduction in photosynthetic capacity of soybean may occur before plants begin to display symptoms of injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • During this stage, small colonies of soybean aphids appear patchy, occurring on single plants scattered throughout a field. (wikipedia.org)
  • In these early colonies, soybean aphids are typically grouped on tender, young leaves of soybean plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • We used RNA-sequencing approach to identify the global transcriptomic responses to aphid infestation on RTx430, SC265, and SC1345 plants at early time points 6, 24, and 48 h post infestation (hpi) and after extended period of SCA feeding for 7 days. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aphid feeding on the SCA-resistant line upregulated the expression of 3827 and 2076 genes at early and late time points, respectively, which was relatively higher compared to RTx430 and SC1345 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At 7 days post infestation (dpi), 173 genes had elevated expression levels in the SCA-resistant line and were involved in sucrose metabolism, callose formation, phospholipid metabolism, and proteinase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first stage occurs when alatae migrate to soybean in late May and early June. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second stage, or pre-peak stage, can begin as early as late June and is characterized by dramatic increases in densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anticarsia gemmatalis Hünber, 1818 is one of the main defoliating species in the soybean crop. (bvsalud.org)
  • Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a pest of soybean in the northern Midwest whose migratory patterns have been difficult to quantify. (researchgate.net)
  • The soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major pest of soybean and poses a serious threat to soybean production. (sciencegate.app)
  • The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is an insect pest of soybean (Glycine max) that is exotic to North America. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the relatively low densities of soybean aphids during this stage have been found to have minimal impacts on soybean yield. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second stage, or pre-peak stage, can begin as early as late June and is characterized by dramatic increases in densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • The final stage of infestation by soybean aphids on soybean, or peak stage, begins in mid- to late July and is characterized by very high densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yield losses as high as 50 to 70% have been documented as a result of prolonged exposure to high densities of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Improved knowledge of soybean aphid overwintering sites could facilitate the development of control efforts with exponential impacts on aphid densities on a regional scale. (researchgate.net)
  • The soybean aphid possesses a heteroecious holocyclic life cycle, which means the insect alternates hosts and undergoes sexual reproduction for at least part of its life cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consequently, they increase longevity and fecundity of parasitoid and predator that help to control insect pest. (scirp.org)
  • The initiation of the soybean aphid suction trap network (STN) in 2001 marked the beginning of a rich and fruitful collaborative effort that has produced a wealth of data about the soybean aphid, other insect species, and other organisms that make up the aerobiological "soup. (researchgate.net)
  • Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the sugarcane aphid, is an invasive species in the United States. (researchgate.net)
  • The major agricultural harmful insects are American oil beetle, aphids, blister beetle and boll weevil etc. which are responsible for causing large amount of crop loss. (scirp.org)
  • Here, we use abundance times series for a diverse group of herbivorous insects, aphids, to search for trai. (researchgate.net)
  • The transmission dynamics of arboviruses depends on environmental factors, but also on mosquito life history traits including development time, fecundity, and longevity. (preprints.org)
  • The objective of the current study was to assess the Aedes aegypti immature development time, adult longevity, fecundity and body variation from different sampling localities. (preprints.org)
  • The means of fecundity, longevity, development time and body size were assessed, and linear models were fitted to the traits parameters to assess the effects of other covariables. (preprints.org)
  • In two studies, the quantity of overwintering eggs had a strong positive correlation with the severity of soybean aphid outbreaks in the following spring. (wikipedia.org)
  • The optimal temperature for soybean aphid development occurs between 25 and 30 °C, and exposure to prolonged temperatures of 35 °C (95 °F) decrease survival rates and fecundity of soybean aphids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chrysoperla species include well-known predators of aphids and other soft-bodied arthropods. (cambridge.org)
  • Exposure to acetamiprid at both LC30 and LC50 significantly decreased the fecundity of the female adult, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase compared with the control. (sciencegate.app)
  • Feeding by soybean aphids injures soybean by interfering with photosynthetic pathways-more specifically, biological mechanisms responsible for restoring chlorophyll to a low energy state are impaired. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results obtained in this study revealed that T. harzianum scientifically affected the biological properties of black bean aphid in comparison with the control. (ac.ir)
  • In this study, the effect of T. harzianum TR6 on the life table parameters of black bean aphid, Aphis fabae , was evaluated under glasshouse conditions as compared to control. (ac.ir)
  • The life expectancy of black bean aphids, which was grown on T. harzianum treated soil, was significantly lower than control. (ac.ir)
  • Fecundity, the esterase activity and protein contents were declined in LC30 and LC80 treated samples as compared to the control. (sciencegate.app)
  • According to the results, it can be stated that treatment of faba bean plant with T. harzianum can be effective in reducing the population of the aphids of the bean. (ac.ir)
  • As colonies expand and temperatures increase, soybean aphids move toward lower portions of the soybean plant. (wikipedia.org)
  • During this stage, small colonies of soybean aphids appear patchy, occurring on single plants scattered throughout a field. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment with T. harzianum resulted in the highest developmental time (20.36 days) and the lowest fertility rate in black bean aphid. (ac.ir)