AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
Zona ReticularisAdrenarcheCrithidia fasciculataAdrenal CortexAndrogensLivedo ReticularisZona FasciculataReceptors, AndrogenCrithidiaGlucocorticoidsAdrenal GlandsSteroid 17-alpha-HydroxylaseProgesterone ReductaseDehydroepiandrosteroneSkin Diseases, VascularCytochromes b5Androgen Antagonists3-Hydroxysteroid DehydrogenasesAdrenal Cortex NeoplasmsReticular FormationDexamethasoneAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsDihydrotestosteroneZona GlomerulosaDNA, KinetoplastThalamic NucleiAdrenocorticotropic HormoneTestosteroneSneddon SyndromePonsReceptors, GlucocorticoidProstatic NeoplasmsCorticosteroneMidline Thalamic NucleiTestosterone CongenersMetriboloneFlutamideHydrocortisoneEmbryologyThyroid GlandThyroid NeoplasmsHealth ResortsEndocrine SystemThyroid DiseasesThyroid Hormones
GlomerulosaCortisolMineralocorticoidsMedullaCortexProduces androgensMineralocorticoidAndrostenedioneSteroidsPrecursorEstrogensCortisoneCorticosteroneHormonesSmooth endoplasmSuppressionReceptorsImmunosuppressiveAnti-inflammatoryAldosteroneGlomerulosa and zona reticularisAdrenal androgenExogenous glucocorticoidAdrenocorticotropic hormoneACTHZonesOuterPrecursorsEndocrineAdrenarcheSpermatogenesisHyperandrogenismInitiallySyndromeLiesCellsZoneTherapy
Glomerulosa29
Cortisol13
Mineralocorticoids5
  • The adrenal cortex produces three main types of steroid hormones: mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Deficient adrenal production of glucocorticoids or mineralocorticoids results in adrenocortical insufficiency, which is either the consequence of destruction or dysfunction of the cortex (primary adrenocortical insufficiency (PAI), or Addison disease and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)) or secondary to deficient pituitary ACTH secretion (secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, discussed elsewhere, see section hypopituitarism). (oncohemakey.com)
  • a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. (ashp.org)
  • a synthetic process that produces steroids (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids). (ashp.org)
  • Describe the functions of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids in the body. (ashp.org)
Medulla2
Cortex6
Produces androgens2
Mineralocorticoid3
  • 17-Hydroxylase (17-OH) deficiency syndrome is a rare genetic disorder of steroid biosynthesis that causes decreased production of glucocorticoids and sex steroids and increased synthesis of mineralocorticoid precursors. (medscape.com)
  • This example shows a deficiency in both the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid pathways. (medscape.com)
  • List management strategies for the administration of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy to avoid the development of adrenal disorders. (ashp.org)
Androstenedione2
  • on the contrary, the androgens (both DHEA and androstenedione) do not regulate through feedback inhibition by the ACTH secretion. (oncohemakey.com)
  • The direct biologic activity of the adrenal androgens (androstenedione, DHEA, and DHEA sulfate) is minimal, and they function primarily as precursors for peripheral conversion to the active androgenic hormones, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone. (oncohemakey.com)
Steroids1
  • Treatment with exogenous glucocorticoid decreases ACTH secretion and subsequent suppression of overproduced steroids. (medscape.com)
Precursor2
  • Precursor hormones such as corticosterone are elevated, have glucocorticoid activity, and are adequate to prevent adrenal insufficiency. (medscape.com)
  • They are precursor hormones that are converted in the ovaries into female hormones (estrogens) and in the testes into male hormones (androgens). (ratingperson.com)
Estrogens3
  • It has been demonstrated in research of the interactions of estrogen and androgen receptors on lymphocytes that estrogens promote Th2 polarization conditions and inhibit a Th1 polarization condition, whereas DHEA and androgens have the reverse action. (sibhost.ru)
  • and 3) androgens and estrogens (estradiol), which contribute to body changes at puberty. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • However, estrogens and androgens are produced in much larger amounts by the ovaries and testes. (ratingperson.com)
Cortisone1
Corticosterone1
Hormones3
Smooth endoplasm1
  • The zona fasciculata consists of vacuolated cells that contain lipid droplets, abundant mitochondria, and a smooth endoplasmic reticulum. (anatomy.app)
Suppression1
  • A wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 TNF-α can activate the HPA axis, and drive immune inflammation, whereas high levels of glucocorticoids lead to the suppression of the immune system and inflammatory processes promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, TGF-β IL-35. (sibhost.ru)
Receptors1
Immunosuppressive1
  • Glucocorticoids exhibit their immunosuppressive effects due to inhibition of cytokine expression at the transcriptional level. (sibhost.ru)
Anti-inflammatory1
Aldosterone4
  • Mineralocorticoids (such as aldosterone) produced in the zona glomerulosa help in the regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte balance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aldosterone is a steroid, released by the zona glomerulosa, that is responsible for regulating the salt and water in your body, having an effect on your blood pressure. (nesaz.com)
  • The zona glomerulosa is responsible for the production of mineralocorticoids, mainly aldosterone, which regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance. (medscape.com)
  • The zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone in response to angiotensin II. (topgradeapp.com)
Glomerulosa and zona reticularis2
Adrenal androgen1
  • Premature adrenarche is excluded, as it typically features normal or mildly elevated DHEA and DHEAS (both of which are adrenal androgen precursors) without elevation of other androgens. (medscape.com)
Exogenous glucocorticoid1
  • Treatment with exogenous glucocorticoid decreases ACTH secretion and subsequent suppression of overproduced steroids. (medscape.com)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone2
ACTH1
  • Endogenous glucocorticoid overproduction, or hypercortisolism, that is independent of ACTH is usually due to a primary adrenocortical neoplasm (most commonly an adenoma and rarely a carcinoma). (medscape.com)
Zones5
Outer2
  • The cortex has a complex structural outline composed of three anatomically different layers: the outer zona glomerulosa, the central zona fasciculate, and the inner zona reticularis. (trifixx.com)
  • Lucifer yellow dye communication was most pronounced in the inner glucocorticoid/androgen-producing regions (zona fasciculata/zona reticularis), but was virtually absent in the outer mainly mineralocorticoid-producing region (zona glomerulosa). (endocrinology-journals.org)
Precursors1
  • 17-Hydroxylase (17-OH) deficiency syndrome is a rare genetic disorder of steroid biosynthesis that causes decreased production of glucocorticoids and sex steroids and increased synthesis of mineralocorticoid precursors. (medscape.com)
Endocrine1
  • For convenience, think of the zona glomerulosa as the first endocrine organ and the zonae fasciculata and reticularis collectively as a second separate endocrine organ, as distinguished by distinct control systems. (medscape.com)
Adrenarche1
Spermatogenesis1
  • Androgens along with FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) regulate spermatogenesis. (ncertmcq.com)
Hyperandrogenism1
  • The patient in this case has significant masculine features, including temporal hair recession, muscular hypertrophy, and clitoromegaly, as well as aggressive behavioral changes, which signify a severe degree of hyperandrogenism , raising a high index of suspicion for an androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumor. (medscape.com)
Initially1
  • In fact, some children with an androgen-producing adrenocortical tumor may initially receive a misdiagnosis of CAH because tumors in the early stage may be too small to be visualized on imaging studies. (medscape.com)
Syndrome3
Lies1
Cells2
Zone1
Therapy1
  • Prognosis is generally good-to-excellent with adequate glucocorticoid therapy and monitoring. (medscape.com)