Total Disc ReplacementIntervertebral DiscProsthesis ImplantationLumbar VertebraeDiskectomyArthroplasty, ReplacementProstheses and ImplantsIntervertebral Disc DegenerationIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpinal FusionJoint ProsthesisRange of Motion, ArticularCervical VertebraeArthroplastySpondylosisWeight-BearingZygapophyseal JointProsthesis DesignLow Back PainBiomechanical PhenomenaLongitudinal LigamentsDental ImplantsSacrumTreatment OutcomeFailed Back Surgery SyndromeRadiculopathyDrug ImplantsCompressive Strength