• Tumors affecting the orbit include benign and malignant neoplasms arising from the various structures in the orbit including the blood vessels, nerves, bones, orbital fat and other soft tissues. (cybersight.org)
  • The first step in the management of orbital tumors is to differentiate the malignant tumors from the benign ones. (cybersight.org)
  • Complete surgical excision remains the primary treatment of choice for well-defined, clinically benign orbital tumors. (cybersight.org)
  • And I'll be speaking to you today about logical approach to orbital tumors. (cybersight.org)
  • Orbit is supposed to be Pandora's Box, full of evil because 50% of orbital tumors are supposed to be malignant, and hence potentially life threatening. (cybersight.org)
  • So, when we deal with orbital tumors, the need is to have a logical approach where oncological principles are respected. (cybersight.org)
  • Before I go into it, orbital tumors are primarily classified as benign and malignant primary tumors or secondary tumors. (cybersight.org)
  • The indications for orbital exenteration can be divided into four general categories: tumors of the eyelid or conjunctiva for which salvage of the globe is not possible, intraocular tumors with extension to the orbital soft tissue, orbital extension of tumors of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity, and orbital extension from intracranial processes. (entokey.com)
  • Orbital exenteration may not be appropriate in patients with widespread metastatic disease, patients with tumors expected to have a high likelihood of local-regional recurrence despite orbital exenteration, elderly patients with multiple medical comorbidities, or patients with a short life expectancy. (entokey.com)
  • Metastatic orbital tumors: Almost all types of cancer can metastasize ( spread ) to the orbit (the space behind and around the eye). (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Mar 12, 2022 · Background Orbital metastasis from pancreatic tumors is extremely rare, and its clinical characteristics are still unclear. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • When you have a patient with orbital tumor, we have to ask these questions and answer ourselves. (cybersight.org)
  • Tumor adjacent to the periorbita was the most sensitive predictor of orbital invasion (90%) for both CT and MRI. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A 37-month follow-up assessment revealed tumor shrinkage, and the disappearance of the serous retinal detachments was noted on the basis of ophthalmoscopy and orbital magnetic resonance imaging. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The orbital involvement of the tumor causes significant proptosis of the affected eye. (medscape.com)
  • During the physical examination in a patient being considered for orbital exenteration, the tumor should be carefully evaluated, and its exact location within the orbit, ocular adnexal structures, paranasal sinuses, or nasal cavity should be noted. (entokey.com)
  • 2005a), and occurs when tumor metastasizes to the orbital bones, or, on occasion, to orbital soft tissues. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Carcinoid tumor For orbital carcinoid, the gold standard after diagnostic biopsy is radionucleotide localization of systemic metastases and treatment with initial local radiotherapy with additional systemic chemotherapy. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • The morbidity associated with cavernous hemangiomas is the threat of compressive optic neuropathy, extraocular muscle dysfunction, and cosmetic disfigurement. (medscape.com)
  • Other minor structures in the orbit include the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen and zygomatic orbital foramen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The roof (superior wall) is formed primarily by the orbital plate frontal bone, and also the lesser wing of sphenoid near the apex of the orbit. (wikipedia.org)
  • The floor is separated from the lateral wall by inferior orbital fissure, which connects the orbit to pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an invasive lesion in the superior and medial rectus muscles of the right orbit, biopsy of which confirmed this as an infiltrating breast carcinoma. (oaepublish.com)
  • Signs and symptoms relating to orbital metastasis are usually noted late in the disease progression, and treatment generally consists of local radiotherapy to the orbit [ 6 ] in addition to treatment of the primary cancer, which in this case of ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast required hormonal therapy only. (oaepublish.com)
  • A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed increased abnormal soft tissue enhancement in the superior aspect of the orbit, with involvement of superior and medial rectus muscles. (oaepublish.com)
  • Localized pain in or behind the eye or orbit may suggest intra-orbital pathology and headache may suggest intracranial pathology. (eyewiki.org)
  • Orbital exenteration is the surgical removal of the contents of the orbit and the periorbital soft tissue, including the eye, extraocular muscles, optic nerve, periorbita, orbital adipose tissue, eyelids, and periorbital skin. (entokey.com)
  • The most common indication for orbital exenteration is a malignancy of the eye, orbit, ocular adnexa, or periocular region for which salvage of the globe is not possible. (entokey.com)
  • When an "eyelid-sparing" orbital exenteration may be possible, the skin of the upper and lower eyelids should be carefully examined, and the degree of laxity and redundant skin should be noted as this skin will be used to line the orbit. (entokey.com)
  • Discussion Orbital SFT is a generally benign neoplasm originating from the mesenchyme, uncommon in the orbit. (scitechnol.com)
  • Vestibular schwannomas (VSs), also called acoustic neuromas , account for 8% to 10% of intracranial neoplasms. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
  • Neurofibromatosis 1 is an autosomally dominated inherited genetic condition that predisposes those involved to the development of intracranial neoplasms. (medlink.com)
  • Each orbitotomy technique is designed to provide the best surgical exposure to the lesion of interest, while causing least damage to the orbital structures, with a goal to achieve optimal functional and cosmetic outcome. (cybersight.org)
  • Having a thorough knowledge on the orbital anatomy and detailing out the size and extent of the lesion using pre-operative imaging can help the surgeon decide on the right approach. (cybersight.org)
  • Two different growing patterns of sphenoid wing meningioma have been described: meningioma en masse, forming a nodular space-occupying lesion, and meningioma en plaque, which is flat and demonstrates a carpet-like growth pattern. (medscape.com)
  • 5 years after the treatment of the primary lesion, and locates in orbital fat tissue and extraocular muscles, from where it may invade the orbital bone. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • 5 years after the treatment of the primary lesion, and locates in orbital fat tissue and. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • The optic canal contains the (cranial nerve II) and the ophthalmic artery, and sits at the junction of the sphenoid sinus with the ethmoid air cells, superomedial and posterior to structures at the orbital apex. (wikipedia.org)
  • The image depicts a contrasted MRI of the brain which shows an enhancing mass along the sphenoid ridge, orbital apex, and even the temporalis muscle. (medscape.com)
  • Surgical outcomes of transconjunctival anterior orbitotomy for intraconal orbital cavernous hemangioma. (medscape.com)
  • Extirpation of an orbital cavernous hemangioma. (medscape.com)
  • Orbital exenteration can be required for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma, conjunctival melanoma, uveal melanoma with extrascleral or orbital extension, epithelial cancers such as adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other rare sarcomas. (entokey.com)
  • Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare neoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It seems that these intraoral sebaceous glands can rarely give rise to a variety of sebaceous neoplasms, such as sebaceous carcinoma [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) is an uncommon neoplasm at the orbital level that behaves in benign way in most cases [ 1 ]. (scitechnol.com)
  • VSs are slow-growing benign neoplasms arising from the transition zone between the central and peripheral myelin, a point of origin typically found in the medial aspect of the internal auditory canal (IAC), approximately 8 to 12 mm from the pial surface of the pons. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
  • Visual and color acuities, as well as visual fields, should be assessed, followed by testing of pupillary and extraocular muscle function. (medscape.com)
  • These signs occur because of impaired innervation of the extraocular muscles by CN III, IV, and VI, as well as disrupted pupillary constriction controlled by the parasympathetic efferent pathway of CN III. (e-jvc.org)
  • The inferior orbital fissure lies inferior and lateral to the ocular globe at the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Physical examination showed a right sided ptosis and significant impairment in all extra-ocular muscle function with some sparing of the lateral rectus and superior oblique muscles. (oaepublish.com)
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas represent the most common ocular adnexa neoplasm [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myogenic involvement can occur with disease of the superior rectus, inferior rectus, superior oblique, or inferior oblique muscles alone or in combination. (eyewiki.org)
  • Extraocular muscle involvement on MRI (100%) and orbital fat obliteration (80% MRI, 86% CT) had the highest positive predictive values of the criteria evaluated. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Sphenoid wing meningiomas also are known as "orbitosphenoid meningiomas," "meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing," and "sphenoid wing meningiomas with osseous involvement. (medscape.com)
  • It provides a pathway between the orbital contents and the middle cranial fossa. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a major pathway for intracranial communication, containing cranial nerves III, IV, VI which control eye movement via the extraocular muscles, and the ophthalmic branches of cranial nerve V, or V1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ventral surface of the brain of a 4.5-year-old golden retriever with a germ cell neoplasm compressing the rostral brainstem and the cranial nerves coursing through the middle cranial fossa. (veteriankey.com)
  • The patient was able to move both the left eyeball laterally and the internal rectus muscle and presented maximum diameters of 2.5 × 1.5 × 2 cm ( Figure 1 ). (scitechnol.com)
  • When CN VI is compromised, which controls the retractor bulbi muscle and the lateral rectus muscle, it leads to the occurrence of medial strabismus and the absence of bulbar retraction. (e-jvc.org)
  • A careful examination for signs of local or regional disease spread is essential because orbital exenteration may not be appropriate in patients with regional lymph node or distantorgan metastasis. (entokey.com)
  • Orbital metastasis secondary to cervical carcinoma is a rare form of metastatic disease. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Purpose: To study the multidisciplinary management and survival outcomes of orbital metastasis (OM). (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Orbital metastasis from breast cancer is typically unilateral, appears 4. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Additionally, any extraocular motility disturbance should be quantitated with prismatic measurements. (medscape.com)
  • Epidemiology While lymphoma constitutes more than half of all orbital malignancies (55 percent), 1 the incidence of orbital lymphoma has been reported to account. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Regardless of the localization, sebaceous malignancies must be considered aggressive neoplasms with potential for regional and distant metastases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ethmoid air cells are extremely thin, and form a structure known as the lamina papyracea, the most delicate bony structure in the skull, and one of the most commonly fractured bones in orbital trauma. (wikipedia.org)
  • The authors used various nomenclatures to describe conditions related to the presence of IgG4 until 2010 in Kanazawa, where it was unified as an "IgG4-related disease" with the consensus that it can affect various organs, including the thyroid and the eye with its adnexa and extraocular muscles [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Orbital exenteration not only results in loss of the eye and its function but also causes significant facial disfigurement. (entokey.com)
  • Orbital exenteration may also be indicated for certain nonmalignant neoplasms, such as neurofibromatosis causing severe orbital displacement, immobility, and blindness or extensive lymphangioma causing disfigurement or orbital pain. (entokey.com)
  • Abnormal extraocular muscle function and papilledema are less common and indicate the presence of hydrocephalus. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
  • The orbital surface presents medially by trochlear fovea and laterally by lacrimal fossa. (wikipedia.org)
  • The medial wall is formed primarily by the orbital plate of ethmoid, as well as contributions from the frontal process of maxilla, the lacrimal bone, and a small part of the body of the sphenoid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The clinical differential diagnosis included squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation, and salivary gland neoplasms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Orbital and adnexal lymphoma is associated with systemic lymphoma in 30-35% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • The median age at presentation for orbital and adnexal lymphoma is older than 60 years. (medscape.com)
  • We strongly recommend considering the diagnosis of GO with elevated IgG4 in patients with an established diagnosis of GD, elevated serum IgG4 levels, and clinical features of ophthalmic disease overlapping with those of IgG4-related orbital disease. (hindawi.com)
  • Retrobulbar anesthesia following fixation of the treated eye, via the suture of two of the extraocular muscles to the stereotactic frame, was performed to immobilize the eye during treatment. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The superior bony margin of the orbital rim, otherwise known as the orbital process, is formed by the frontal bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lateral wall is formed by the frontal process of zygomatic and more posteriorly by the orbital plate of the greater wing of sphenoid. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 9 ] Sphenoid wing meningiomas may be associated with hyperostosis of the sphenoid ridge and may be very invasive, spreading to the dura of the frontal, temporal, and orbital regions. (medscape.com)
  • Unites with frontal bone to form lateral orbital margin b. (slideshare.net)
  • The superior orbital fissure lies just lateral and inferior to the optic canal, and is formed at the junction of the lesser and greater wing of the sphenoid bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Boari N, Gagliardi F, Castellazzi P, Mortini P. Surgical treatment of orbital cavernomas: clinical and functional outcome in a series of 20 patients. (medscape.com)
  • We present two clinical cases of patients aged 36 and 74 with an orbital solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). (scitechnol.com)
  • Nineteen preoperative CT and 17 preoperative MR images from patients at risk for orbital invasion were retrospectively reviewed. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Although preoperative imaging can aid in surgical planning, it should not replace intraoperative assessment in ambiguous cases of orbital invasion. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Because general endotracheal anesthesia is necessary for orbital exenteration, a preoperative anesthesiology consultation is important to rule out any cardiac or pulmonary contraindications to general anesthesia. (entokey.com)
  • Medially, near the orbital margin, is located the groove for nasolacrimal duct. (wikipedia.org)
  • She had polyarthralgia, bony pains and proximal muscle weakness of 1 year duration. (bioscientifica.com)
  • In some cases, not only the orbital and periorbital soft tissue but also the bony orbital walls must be removed. (entokey.com)
  • Orbital disease. (medscape.com)
  • 8 However, palliation is usually the main goal of treatment for patients with metastatic orbital disease as this usually means that there is systemic disease and that other sites have. (gartenwerkstatt-leipzig.de)
  • Orbital cavernous angiomas can increase intraorbital volume with a resultant mass effect. (medscape.com)
  • There is a supraorbital foramen, an infraorbital foramen, a superior orbital fissure, an inferior orbital fissure and the optic canal, each of which contains structures that are crucial to normal eye functioning. (wikipedia.org)
  • The floor (inferior wall) is formed by the orbital surface of maxilla, the orbital surface of zygomatic bone and the minute orbital process of palatine bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Almost 75% of OAMLs are localized in orbital fat, while 25% of cases involves conjunctive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we have presented two cases of orbital SFT, together with a review of the literature. (scitechnol.com)
  • The two cases of orbital SFT were treated at the Ophthalmology Department at the Dr Josep Trueta University Hospital in Girona in 2017. (scitechnol.com)
  • Orbital granulomatosis with polyangiitis masquerading as invasive fungal sinusitis. (ucla.edu)
  • Finally, inflammatory or infectious processes associated with refractory orbital pain (e.g., invasive fungal infections such as mucormycosis) may be indications for orbital exenteration. (entokey.com)
  • Liu X, Xu D, Zhang Y, Liu D, Song G. Gamma Knife surgery in patients harboring orbital cavernous hemangiomas that were diagnosed on the basis of imaging findings. (medscape.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed a mass extending from the right cavernous sinus to the orbital fissure with neighboring bone lysis. (e-jvc.org)
  • Imaging of the mylohyoid muscle: separation of submandibular and sublingual spaces. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Meningioma is a primary central nervous system neoplasm that is commonly encountered by neurosurgeons. (medscape.com)
  • Given the dramatic changes in function and appearance caused by orbital exenteration, counseling of the patient prior to surgery is essential. (entokey.com)