• To generate suitable C57BL/6 embryonic stem cells for gene targeting experiments, the Sanger team established a male cell line (JM8) from the N-substrain of C57BL/6 mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • Experience has shown that injection of black C57BL/6N embryonic stem cells into albino C57BL/6J Tyrc-Brd blastocysts is a particularly favorable combination for germline transmission. (umassmed.edu)
  • The strain is now valued as a source of embryonic stem cells for making knockout mice. (jax.org)
  • When you mutate embryonic stem cells to create a mouse model, you don't get a purely mutant animal right away. (cureffi.org)
  • KTM2 osteosarcoma lung metastases were also reduced in Balb/C mice following CXCR4 inhibition. (cnr.it)
  • Halsey Bagg develops the BALB /c ( Bagg albino) mouse for behavioral experiments. (jax.org)
  • The use of recombinant inbred lines allows an estimate of the heritability of expression measured by individual probes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genetical genomics is further enhanced by using recombinant inbred lines as a mapping population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, recombinant inbred lines can provide both replicates from genetically identical individuals and samples from different segregants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The advent of recombinant inbred mouse panels and next-generation transposon mutagenesis and sequencing approaches has enabled dissection of the host-pathogen interface for mammalian and pathogen genetic determinants of disease outcome. (nih.gov)
  • The objective of this study was to determine if there is variation in susceptibility of different strains of mice to MLA and to identify factors responsible for the variation that could be used as a model for cattle. (usda.gov)
  • Both the protein expression differences and the potential identification of genetic markers discovered in mice will provide the basis for future experiments to identify genetic factors that correlate with susceptibility to larkspur toxicity in cattle. (usda.gov)
  • Preliminary results obtained in a mouse model of obesity resistance (inbred strain A/J) and obesity susceptibility (strain C57BL/6J) suggested the role of adipose tissue plasticity in the prevention of obesity in response to omega-3 fatty acids, as well as fat burning during exposure to cold. (cas.cz)
  • 1, 2 Moreover, susceptibility is largely intrinsic to the lung itself as shown by the classical experiments involving lung explants from sensitive and resistant mice. (bmj.com)
  • Past studies have mapped four susceptibility loci (Pas1-4) for pulmonary adenoma in which A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice have different alleles that affect incidence and multiplicity of tumours. (bmj.com)
  • 6 Inbred mouse strains vary in their susceptibility to cancer and two extreme strains are A/J (susceptible) and C57BL/6J (B6, resistant). (bmj.com)
  • 4, 5 Four QTLs identified as pulmonary adenoma susceptibility (Pas) loci 1-4 have been mapped, respectively, to mouse chromosomes 6, 17, 19, and 9. (bmj.com)
  • Mouse pulmoary adenoma susceptibility loci (Pas) as mapped in crosses of strains A/J and C57BL/6. (bmj.com)
  • We now report confirmation of this locus in congenic strains carrying the MOLF-derived susceptibility allele in the C57BL/6J-Ldlr Ϫ/Ϫ genetic background. (scite.ai)
  • A strain is inbred when it has undergone at least 20 generations of brother x sister or offspring x parent mating, at which point at least 98.6% of the loci in an individual of the strain will be homozygous, and each individual can be treated effectively as clones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mice homozygous for disruption of this gene show no gross abnormalities in appearance, behavior or fertility. (jax.org)
  • Furthermore, a knock-in mouse model confirmed that heterozygous or homozygous mutations within Zfp513 (p.R250W) or Kif3c (p.R412H) alone do not led to clear phenotypes with gingival fibromatosis, whereas the double mutations led to gingival hyperplasia phenotypes. (nature.com)
  • The autosomal recessive nude gene in homozygous (sp/sp) mice causes the lack of fur and an abnormal thymus. (taconic.com)
  • To speed up results from the mouse model, Dr. Jackson bred the mice to be homozygous for the knock-in disease gene. (cureffi.org)
  • Most inbred lines are at least 99% homozygous, with genomes often available for download-for most purposes you don't need to sequence them yourself. (cureffi.org)
  • Homozygous congenic mice exhibited up to 4.5-fold greater lesion area compared to noncongenic littermates (PϽ0.0001). (scite.ai)
  • Breeding of inbred strains is often towards specific phenotypes of interest such as behavioural traits like alcohol preference or physical traits like aging, or they can be selected for traits that make them easier to use in experiments like being easy to use in transgenic experiments. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the key strengths of using inbred strains as a model is that strains are readily available for whatever study one is performing and that there are resources such as the Jackson Laboratory, and FlyBase, where one can look up strains with specific phenotypes or genotypes from among inbred lines, recombinant lines, and coisogenic strains. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prenatal immune activation interacted with mhDISC1 to produce the neurobehavioral phenotypes that were not seen in untreated mhDISC1 mice and that resemble aspects of major mental illnesses. (researchgate.net)
  • To investigate the effects of loss of β1 function in vivo , we have used gene-targeting methods to produce β1(-/-) mice, and we have analyzed their neuronal phenotypes. (jneurosci.org)
  • That need motivated two decisions about the mouse model he generated: first, he chose FFI as the disease to study because FFI (in humans) was known to have phenotypes distinct from CJD and other prion diseases: insomnia, hyper- or hypothermia, astrogliosis and neuronal loss localized in the thalamus. (cureffi.org)
  • Skeptics wouldn't be able to argue that mice with these phenotypes had simply acquired prion disease from other mice or laboratory contaminants. (cureffi.org)
  • When these C57BL/6N-based JM8 cells were injected into blastocysts from albino mice, a high proportion of chimeras displayed ES cell contribution to both germline and somatic tissues. (umassmed.edu)
  • However, a disadvantage of this combination is that a slightly mixed C57BL/6 genetic background (C57BL/6N x C57BL/6J) is produced when breeding the resulting chimeras with C57BL/6J Tyrc-Brd albino mice to test for germline transmission in the G1 generation. (umassmed.edu)
  • The UMass Chan Transgenic Animal Modeling Core (TAMC) also has JM8-strain ES cells for targeting, and routinely injects either JM8.F6-strain ES cells or JM8.A3-strain ES cells into albino C57BL/6J Tyrc-Brd blastocysts. (umassmed.edu)
  • Current knowledge about the identity and function of these stem cell compartments has been largely drawn from a variety of transgenic and spontaneously mutated mouse models that are characterized by rapid rates of aging or have been used to examine regeneration from injury in the context of natural or accelerated aging. (karger.com)
  • APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic (Tg) male and female mice and non-transgenic (non-Tg) littermates were trained on a delayed-matching-to-position (DMTP) or 3-choice serial reaction time (3CSRT) task. (abainternational.org)
  • Breeding is necessary not only to perpetuate your mouse line but even just to get a knock-in (or transgenic) mutant in the first place. (cureffi.org)
  • Inbred strains (also called inbred lines, or rarely for animals linear animals) are individuals of a particular species which are nearly identical to each other in genotype due to long inbreeding. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, one still has to genotype all of the G1 generation mice from germline transmitting chimeras or risk losing some black colored mice that are ES cells derived. (umassmed.edu)
  • Genome-wide host loci regulate M. tuberculosis fitness in immunodivergent mice. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Jackson's primary purpose in creating these mice was to demonstrate experimentally what most prion scientists had already believed for decades: that prion infectivity is encoded in the conformation of misfolded PrP, and therefore can be generated spontaneously from genetic mutations. (cureffi.org)
  • ED1SQ4 cells (0.5 × 10 5 cells) were injected into FVB/N or athymic mice (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA). (beingmedicos.com)
  • The deficiency in T cell function allows athymic mice to accept and grow xenografts as well as allografts of normal and malignant tissues. (taconic.com)
  • In this regard, we aimed to investigate the effect of high fat induced T2DM on mitochondrial markers of skeletal muscle, and an herbal component along with endurance exercise, as probable treatments, in AGE-rich high-fat diet (AGEs-HFD) induced T2DM mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These mice have reduced glycogen stores in adipose tissue, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle, corresponding with decreased glycogen synthase activity and glycogen synthesis rate. (jci.org)
  • Murine adenocarcinoma lung cancer 344SQ cells (0.5 × 10 5 cells) were injected subcutaneously into male 129/Sv mice (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA). (beingmedicos.com)
  • Murine colon adenocarcinoma MC38/gp100 cells (5 × 10 5 ) or melanoma BP cells (5 × 10 5 ) were injected into C57BL/6 mice (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) subcutaneously. (beingmedicos.com)
  • Long-term ramifications of lipidized PrRP analogs on body weights and biochemical and metabolic variables in mice with diet-induced weight problems Animals, diet plans and treatment Inbred C57BL/6 male mice which were 3 weeks previous had been extracted from Charles River Laboratories (Sulzfeld, Germany). (rawveronica.com)
  • Furthermore, 129-strain ES cells often contribute to the germline of the chimeras, and when breeding chimeras with C57BL/6 test mice, the dominant agouti color in offspring signifying germline transmission is also easily detected in the G1 generation litters. (umassmed.edu)
  • Our CRO portfolio includes Animal supply (breeding and trading of animas for experiments), Discovery (Pharmacology & Microbiology Efficacy) and Regulatory research (Toxicology, Mutagenicity & Analytical Chemistry). (cadilapharma.com)
  • The facility is registered with CPCSEA for the breeding and supply of animals for in-house experiments and trading. (cadilapharma.com)
  • Previously, classical genetic studies involving cross breeding of mouse strains with differing susceptibilities have identified chromosomal areas associated with predisposition to developing spontaneous and chemically induced lung adenomas. (bmj.com)
  • β1(-/-) mice exhibit a dramatic neurological phenotype that includes an ataxic gait, spontaneous seizures, and premature death. (jneurosci.org)
  • characterise several novel Rag1 −/− mouse strains and demonstrate that genetic background strongly influences xenograft development and phenotype. (biologists.com)
  • Surgical removal of interscapular BAT did not impact the behavioural phenotype of USF1 KO mice. (researchsquare.com)
  • To identify host and pathogen genetic drivers of Mtb infection, we infected 19 genotypes from the BXD panel, bred from Mtb-resistant C57BL/6J (B6) and Mtb-susceptible DBA/2J (D2), with a comprehensive library of transposon mutants (TnSeq). (nih.gov)
  • Since these JM8A3 cells are heterozygous for the corrected agouti allele [A tm1brd ], crossing the resulting brown-on-white chimeras with C57BL/6N test mice yield embryonic stem cell-derived offspring with either agouti or black coats. (umassmed.edu)
  • Heterozygous (sp/wt) mice carry only one copy of the nude mutation and have hair. (taconic.com)
  • We generated mice that possess a heterozygous deletion of the PTG gene. (jci.org)
  • Although young PTG heterozygous mice initially demonstrate normal glucose tolerance, progressive glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance develop with aging. (jci.org)
  • Insulin resistance in older PTG heterozygous mice correlates with a significant increase in muscle triglyceride content, with a corresponding attenuation of insulin receptor signaling. (jci.org)
  • Thus outbred strains of most laboratory animals are also available, where an outbred strain is a strain of an organism that is effectively wildtype in nature, where there is as little inbreeding as possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • Certain plants including the genetic model organism Arabidopsis thaliana naturally self-pollinate, which makes it quite easy to create inbred strains in the laboratory (other plants, including important genetic models such as maize require transfer of pollen from one flower to another). (wikipedia.org)
  • The replication increases the precision of the results from the mapping experiment, and is required for traits such as aging where minor changes in the environment can influence the longevity of an organism, leading to variation in results. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetic manipulation of the mouse genome has been customarily performed using ES cells derived from the agouti 129-inbred strain of mouse. (umassmed.edu)
  • The strain properties of vCJD and BSE have been occurred from each sample tested, and data were similar extensively characterized in these sets of mice by using between non-UK and UK cases, with the exception of the a combination of the order in which each strain of mouse ranking of mean clinical incubation times of mouse lines. (cdc.gov)
  • Murine lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (344SQ and 393P) were obtained from Dr. Jonathan Kurie at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) and were originally derived from K-ras LA1/ + p53 R172HΔg/ + engineered mice 24 . (beingmedicos.com)
  • In this study we tested whether the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine can inhibit the growth of influenza A. Our experiments showed strong inhibition of the growth of H1N1 influenza A strains PR/8/34 or WS/33 in RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells, A549 human lung epithelial-derived cells and murine bone marrow derived macrophages, but not MDCK canine kidney cells. (ncsu.edu)
  • Analysis of extracellular matrix composition revealed prominent accumulation of versican, a presumed proatherogenic matrix component abundant in human lesions but almost absent in the widely-used C57BL/6 murine atherosclerosis model. (scite.ai)
  • Thus, this model offers the advantages of inducing less morbidity and impediment of ambulation than the sciatic nerve transection model and also allows investigators to study the physiologic, cellular and molecular biologic mechanisms regulating the process of muscle atrophy in genetically engineered mice. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Inbred lab mice are designed to be as genetically identical as possible so that experiments are more tightly controlled. (cureffi.org)
  • Protein levels of sAPPα and sAPPβ are measured by western blot assay in cerebral cortex of 12-month-old AD mice with different treatments (RSG and GW9662). (medchemexpress.com)
  • PPARγ level is determined by IF assay in 3×Tg-AD mice, 3×Tg-AD mice with RSG treatment, 3×Tg-AD-KO mice, 3×Tg-AD-KO mice with GW9662 stimulation. (medchemexpress.com)
  • Study design The two-bottle choice drinking assay was used to characterise aversion and preference in C57BL/6 mice to a range of menthol concentrations (10-200 µg/mL). (bmj.com)
  • We will measure motor performance monthly and evaluate mitochondrial function at the end of the experiment using the Seahorse assay. (jain-foundation.org)
  • Ninety a few minutes SGX-523 kinase activity assay after shot, the mice had been deeply anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (50 SGX-523 kinase activity assay mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and perfused transcardially. (rawveronica.com)
  • We developed a behavioral paradigm for mice in which both the duration of odorant sampling and the difficulty of the odor discrimination task were controlled by the experimenter. (nih.gov)
  • After two months of feeding with such diets, we analyzed the mercury accumulation in tissues, the mice body growth kinetics, the possible behavioral impairments, and the concentration of neurotransmitters in various brain structures. (hindawi.com)
  • In mice, H3K27me3 was found to increase in muscle quiescent stem cells from aged individuals and, thus, is suggested to suppress functions related to stemness [ 17 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • In a mouse model of dysferlinopathy (Bla/J) we found that a continuous 3-month ketogenic diet starting right before the disease onset (5-month-old mice) improves motor function and muscle strength to the levels observed in WT mice. (jain-foundation.org)
  • We also investigated whether a reduction in dietary carbohydrate improves muscle perform in a mouse model of dysferlinopathy (Bla/J). We fed pre-symptomatic mice either a ketogenic diet (low carbohydrate-high fat), an isocaloric control diet (high carbohydrate-low fat), or regular chow for three months. (jain-foundation.org)
  • The UMass Chan TAMC has routinely utilized a subclone (MK6) of 129 SVevBrd derived ES cells in gene-targeting experiments. (umassmed.edu)
  • These ES cells allow for the generation of gene‐targeted mice on a C57BL/6 genetic background without the need for multiple backcrossing of mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • Two further sub-lines were then established: JM8.F6 (feeder-dependent) and JM8.N4 (feeder-free), that were tested for their performance in high-throughput gene targeting experiments. (umassmed.edu)
  • The non-agouti mutation in C57BL/6 strains is due to an 11.8 Kbp retrotransposon located in the first intron of the agouti gene that abolishes the expression of the Agouti gene. (umassmed.edu)
  • The Sanger group performed gene targeting in the JM8 ES cells to delete the retrotransposon from the agouti locus and restore agouti gene function, permitting the visualization of ES cell-derived mice on an inbred C57BL/6 background by agouti coat color. (umassmed.edu)
  • Xlr genes are the mouse orthologues of the human FAM9 gene family and are implicated in the regulation of dendritic branching, dendritic spine number and morphology. (researchsquare.com)
  • In contrast to wild-type mice, Trpm8−/− showed a strong aversion to mentholated (100 µg/mL) nicotine (200 µg/mL) and preferred nicotine alone. (bmj.com)
  • Trpm8−/− mice show aversion to lower concentrations of menthol than wild-type mice. (bmj.com)
  • The similarity strain-typing panels of wild-type mice with brain material from between BSE and vCJD was shown by experimental human vCJD case-patients from France, the Netherlands, transmission of the 2 diseases into standard panels of Italy, and the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • We found that the mice fed with a ketogenic diet maintained or improved their strength or motor coordination performance to the level shown by the wild type mice. (jain-foundation.org)
  • Two-week treatment with analogs that were palmitoylated through linkers to Lys11 (analogs 1 and 2), but not with analog altered both at the N-terminus and Lys11 (analog 3) decreased body and liver weights, insulin, leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol and free fatty acid plasma levels in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. (rawveronica.com)
  • Depending upon the study, these mice often have to be backcrossed 9 more generations with C57BL/6 mice to place the mutant allele on an inbred C57BL/6 background. (umassmed.edu)
  • 1939 International Committee on Standardized Nomenclature for Mice begins, bringing order to the naming of mice and their genes. (jax.org)
  • Here we demonstrate the tibial nerve transection model in the C57Black6 mouse. (mcmaster.ca)
  • These experiments demonstrate that mitochondria are not dysfunctional in cells lacking dysferlin, but they turn off. (jain-foundation.org)
  • Lindquist's lab had studied scrapie and CJD for years, so to demonstrate conclusively that prion infectivity could arise spontaneously from a genetic mutation, Jackson needed to be able to rule out the possibility that any mice in the experiment had simply acquired prion disease from prions left in the mouse cages from other experiments. (cureffi.org)
  • Such strains are useful in the analysis of variance within an inbred strain or between inbred strains because any differences would be due to the single genetic change, or to a difference in environmental conditions between two individuals of the same strain. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, differences in incubation times require further (PrPSc) in the brain, and glycosylation pattern of PrPSc as subpassage in mice to establish any true differences in assessed by Western blot analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Lathrop sends mice that developed tumors to Leo Loeb at the University of Pennsylvania , who publishes pioneering papers on cancer. (jax.org)
  • In the majority of cases, two replicates were obtained per mouse strain, 5 replicates in the case of in vitro-cultured libraries. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, these ES cells are the foundation for two large-scale knockout mouse programs designed to provide targeted BL/6 ES cells to the scientific community (EUCOMM and KOMP). (umassmed.edu)
  • 129/Ola mice have some history in prion research and among other things were used to create the first PrP knockout mice [ Manson 1994 ]. (cureffi.org)
  • Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of DLK reduces mechanical hypersensitivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our DISC1 mouse model is a valuable system to study GEI relevant to mental illnesses. (researchgate.net)
  • One such model that has garnered increased interest in recent years is the mouse variant of the Intra-Amygdala Kainate (IAK) microinjection model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). (bvsalud.org)
  • The first paper will examine correlates among attending, impulsive behavior, and short-term remembering in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. (abainternational.org)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive impairment in a mouse model of AD-associated amyloidosis. (abainternational.org)
  • Potential factors contributing to lack of impairment in DMTP/3CSRT performance in the APPswe/PS1dE9 double mouse model of AD-associated amyloidosis will be discussed. (abainternational.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate drug-induced changes in control by reinforcement amount and delay in combination (Experiment 1) and reinforcement amount and probability in combination (Experiment 2) in a laboratory model of choice. (abainternational.org)
  • To unravel complexity, we rely on models recapitulating key features of disease under investigation, and mice have long provided a reliable model to investigate cancer. (biologists.com)
  • The Jackson Laboratory has made fundamental contributions to biomedical research, including cancer genetics and establishing the mouse as the premier research animal model. (jax.org)
  • In humans, the wide variety of carcinogens and varying degrees of exposure make identifying the predisposing genes difficult, but in a mouse model, such confounding variables can be controlled. (bmj.com)
  • As Prion Alliance has recently decided to make testing candidate therapeutic molecules in these mice one of its research priorities , I've spent a lot of time educating myself on this mouse model and am going to document the key points in this post. (cureffi.org)
  • We used upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) knock-out mice as a genetic model of constitutively activated BAT and positive cardiometabolic traits, and we found a reduction of depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours associated with USF1 deficiency. (researchsquare.com)
  • Tissue content of monoamines, volumetric brain abnormalities, dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, and various domains of the mouse behavior repertoire were evaluated in adult male mice. (researchgate.net)
  • T2DM was induced by 16 weeks of AGEs-HFD consumption in male C57BL/6 mice, followed by 8 weeks of drugs ingestion and endurance exercise treatments (n = 6 in each group and total number of 42 mice). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fos immunohistochemistry For c-Fos immunohistochemical processing, male mice with free access to water that had been fasted right away (n = 4) had been SC injected with saline (Sal), or analog 1 at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. (rawveronica.com)
  • Inbred 8-12 weeks old female C57BL/6J mice (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME) were housed in ventilated cages on a regular 12 h light/dark cycle with ad libitum access to food and water. (beingmedicos.com)
  • Some inbred strains have been bred for over 150 generations, leaving individuals in the population to be isogenic in nature. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mice were backcrossed nine generations (N9). (taconic.com)
  • In these experiments the germline transmission rate exceeded 65% for multiple tested clones. (umassmed.edu)
  • One of the 'restored' clones (JM8A3) showed particularly favorable results in blast injection experiments. (umassmed.edu)
  • A hybrid between two inbred strains can be used to cancel out deleterious recessive genes resulting in an increase in the mentioned areas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Identification of the genes predisposing to mouse lung cancer could have considerable implications for diagnosis, treatment, or chemoprevention of lung cancer in humans. (bmj.com)
  • The mice were fasted overnight (17 h) prior to the food intake experiment and then subcutaneously (SC) injected with 200 l of either saline or PrRP analogs at doses of 5 mg/kg (all dissolved in saline, n = 5C6). (rawveronica.com)
  • C57BL/6J mice are resistant to audiogenic seizures, have a relatively low bone density, and develop age related hearing loss. (mmpc.org)
  • One of the more specific uses of Drosophila inbred strains is the use of Gal4/UAS lines in research. (wikipedia.org)
  • inbred wild-type mouse lines (RIII, C57BL, and VM [ 1 , 2 ]) results were compared with those for 2 reference vCJD and into FVB mice ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • These strains (like most of the mouse lines used in research) are highly inbred, which means exactly what it sounds like. (cureffi.org)
  • A mouse genetics approach can simplify the genetic analysis and provide tools for mechanistic studies. (scite.ai)
  • The results of this study confirm previous reports that there is a fairly large animal to animal variability to larkspur toxicity, and that this variation is found across numerous strains of mice. (usda.gov)
  • Inbred strains have been extensively used in research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although originally developed and used extensively in the rat due to its larger size, the tibial nerve in mice is big enough that it can be easily manipulated with either crush or transection, leaving the peroneal and sural nerve branches of the sciatic nerve intact and thereby preserving their target muscles. (mcmaster.ca)
  • This exceedingly high uniformity means that fewer individuals are required to produce results with the same level of statistical significance when an inbred line is used in comparison to an outbred line in the same experiment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results Mice showed aversion to menthol concentrations of 100 µg/mL and above. (bmj.com)
  • Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is an acquired strain in the RIII, C57BL, and VM mice, whereas in the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), FVB mice, both diseases exhibit the same pattern of PrPSc or prion disease, that results in a fatal neurodegenerative deposition ( 3-5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The frustrating thing about being a postdoc doing mouse experiments-or a rare disease advocate hoping for progress in drug testing-is that it takes years to get any results. (cureffi.org)
  • The results of a bone marrow transplantation experiment suggested that both accelerated lesion development and versican accumulation are mediated, at least in part, by macrophages. (scite.ai)
  • The demonstration of anergic T lymphocytes following oral tolerance has so far been limited in in vitro systems, and a primary objective of the present study was to provide evidence, in vivo, for the existence of a state of anergy in mice orally fed with ovalbumin (OVA). (nih.gov)
  • Reversal of the tolerant state in vivo was established by antibody production in irradiated mice adoptively transferred with cells cultured in the presence of rIL-2. (nih.gov)
  • The possibility that suppression was also an in vivo mechanism for tolerance was studied by adoptive transfer experiments. (nih.gov)
  • All methods are performed and reported in accordance with Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines ( https://arriveguidelines.org ). (beingmedicos.com)
  • If justified by the initial studies, the next phase of the work will evaluate and compare the levels of dysferlin production that result from the direct DNA delivery and stem cell approaches in the muscles of A/J mice in vivo. (jain-foundation.org)
  • β1(-/-) mice appear ataxic and display spontaneous generalized seizures. (jneurosci.org)
  • Inbred strains of animals are frequently used in laboratories for experiments where for the reproducibility of conclusions all the test animals should be as similar as possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inbreeding animals will sometimes lead to genetic drift. (wikipedia.org)
  • The pellets were weighed every 30 min for at least 6 h, and the animals had free access to water during the experiment. (rawveronica.com)
  • Most recently, mice were recognized to offer unique opportunities to explore the genetic basis of the response, as well as to evaluate associated detrimental effects of pathophysiological significance in animals exposed to carcinogens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ketogenic diet has been shown to preserve motor function in aged mice by activation of mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative metabolism and antioxidant capacity. (jain-foundation.org)
  • Intraperitoneal treatment with peptides R, I or S drastically reduced the number of B16-CXCR4-derived lung metastases in C57/BL mice. (cnr.it)
  • However, the resulting targeted G1 mice are of a mixed 129 x C57BL/6 genetic background. (umassmed.edu)
  • Of course, one could breed the chimeras with inbred C57BL/6N mice to maintain a pure C57BL/6N substrain background- but then one could not use coat color in the G1 generation to identify germline-transmitting chimeras, as all the offspring would be of a black coat color regardless of germline transmission. (umassmed.edu)
  • Then you have to start crossing these mice to the genetic background that you want the mutation on, at a cost of about 9 or 10 weeks per generation at best. (cureffi.org)
  • C57BL/6J is the most widely used inbred strain and the first to have its genome sequenced. (mmpc.org)
  • To detect the epigenetic drift of time passing, we determined the genome-wide distributions of mono- and tri-methylated lysine 4 and acetylated and tri-methylated lysine 27 of histone H3 in the livers of healthy 3, 6 and 12 months old C57BL/6 mice. (aging-us.com)
  • Using a pair of black mice from the Granby farm, Little develops the C57BL and C57BR strains. (jax.org)
  • You inject the mutated cells into a blastocyst and as it develops, parts of the mouse carry the mutation and parts don't. (cureffi.org)
  • Collectively these data suggest that the metabolic regulator USF1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice and that this modulation of mood states is unrelated to USF1-dependent BAT activation, but instead reflected in structural changes in the brain. (researchsquare.com)
  • Recently, researchers from the Sanger Institute (UK) have isolated stable and germline competent embryonic stem (ES) cells from C57BL/6N mice (1). (umassmed.edu)
  • But you can easily identify the germline transmitting chimeras by the presence of agouti coat colors in the G1 generation, and performing tail biopsies and genotyping any offspring from that proven chimera will subsequently identify germ-line transmitted mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • If the mutation winds up in the germline , you can breed the mouse and get offspring which carry the mutation in every cell in their bodies. (cureffi.org)
  • Thus, careful characterisation and judicious use of an array of mouse models provides an opportunity to address some of the issues surrounding both the reproducibility and translatability crises often referenced in pre-clinical cancer research. (biologists.com)
  • Initially sought as pets, the Granby mice become important in research. (jax.org)
  • Slate has published an awesome pop science article about the importance and pitfalls of Black-6 mice in research. (cureffi.org)
  • which is true of inbred strains, since they normally have at least 98.6% similarity by generation 20. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plasma and liver from compound-treated mice (n = 5 per time point) were individually harvested at 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-drug administration. (beingmedicos.com)
  • Hillje R , Luzi L , Amatori S , Persico G , Casciaro F , Rusin M , Fanelli M , Pelicci P , Giorgio M , . Time makes histone H3 modifications drift in mouse liver. (aging-us.com)
  • 7], the authors associated a poor response to IFN-β treatment with Th17-type immune responses in EAE mice. (nartsignaling.com)
  • Moreover, feeding mice with caloric restriction diet, a treatment known to retard aging, reduced the extent of changes occurring during the first year of life in these genomic regions. (aging-us.com)
  • Subject mice (19 BXD strains, C57BL/6J, and DBA/2J) were infected via tail vein injection with a saturated M. tuberculosis Himar1 transposon library. (nih.gov)
  • Fifteen minutes after injection, the mice were given weighed food pellets. (rawveronica.com)