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Oxygen ConsumptionOxygenCoronary CirculationMyocardiumDogsHemodynamicsExercise TestHeartHeart RateMyocardial ContractionPhysical ExertionEnergy MetabolismCardiac OutputBlood PressureDobutamineExerciseExercise TherapyCoronary VesselsLactic AcidLactatesExercise ToleranceVascular ResistancePrenylamineCardiotonic AgentsVentricular Function, LeftIsothiuroniumVentricular FunctionCarbon RadioisotopesAdenosineMyocardial StunningCardiac Pacing, ArtificialTomography, Emission-ComputedAcetatesCarbon DioxideStroke VolumePropranololHeart VentriclesMyocardial IschemiaExtracorporeal CirculationPerfusionRegional Blood FlowReactive Oxygen SpeciesNitric OxidePhosphocreatineVeratrineHeart Arrest, InducedHeart FailureCoronary DiseaseTime FactorsGlucoseHyperemiaCalcium ChlorideNorepinephrineAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsMitochondria, HeartVentricular PressureAngina PectorisVasodilator AgentsPhysical EnduranceCardiomyopathy, DilatedPartial PressureHalothaneSwineVasodilationBlood Flow VelocityAnesthesiaMuscle, SkeletalIsoproterenolAdenosine TriphosphateNitroglycerinModels, CardiovascularDepression, ChemicalCitric Acid CycleDose-Response Relationship, DrugMyocardial ReperfusionElectrocardiographyFatty Acids, NonesterifiedPhysical Conditioning, AnimalDiastoleFatty AcidsAdrenergic beta-AgonistsBradykininTheophyllineEchocardiographySystoleNitroarginineNitric Oxide SynthasePulmonary Gas ExchangeEnzyme InhibitorsPhysical FitnessNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterMyocardial Reperfusion InjuryIsofluraneAnaerobic ThresholdRunningBicyclingBlood Gas AnalysisOxidation-ReductionAlcohol DrinkingBlood Volume
InfarctionLessening myocardial oxygen demandIschemiaVentricularAbnormal myocardialCardiopulmonary exercise testIncreasesCardiac rehabilitationPatientsChronicContractilityHypertrophyMetabolicObesityEchocardiographyToleranceEjection fractionFibrosisAdrenergicMetabolismDeterminantsWorkloadInterventionCardiovascularMaximal oxygen consDiltiazemVascularCONCLUSIONSCarbon dioxideClinicalSubmaximal exerciseStimulationMusclesSystolic heart failureBloodMeasured by cardiopulmonaryIncreaseAerobic
Infarction32
Lessening myocardial oxygen demand1
  • In their excellent article, "Physiologic Approach to the Treatment of Angina Pectoris" (N.E.J.M. 281: 1225-1228, 1969) Mason and his associates discuss nitrites, beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents and carotid-sinus nerve stimulation as means of lessening myocardial oxygen demand and thus reducing anginal pain. (psu.edu)
Ischemia2
Ventricular7
  • The cardiac effects are specific to the sinus node with no effect on intra-atrial, atrioventricular or intraventricular conduction times, nor on myocardial contractility or ventricular repolarisation. (azurewebsites.net)
  • Establishing the link between myocardial fibrosis (measured on CMR and validated through histology), with early ventricular dysfunction, will offer physicians a novel non-invasive biomarker that can further inform the timing of surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) appears to be an independent predictor of exercise intolerance, but its influence on patients' exercise capacitiy in the early period after myocardial revascularization remains unclear. (bulmed.md)
  • Ohara K., Teruhiko I., Hiroyuki I. Association between Right Ventricular Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. (bulmed.md)
  • Impact of right ventricular contractile reserve during low‐load exercise on exercise intolerance in heart failure. (bulmed.md)
  • Right ventricular function and its coupling to pulmonary circulation predicts exercise tolerance in systolic heart failure. (bulmed.md)
  • The double‐masked, placebo‐controlled IMPRESS‐AF (Improved Exercise Tolerance in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction by Spironolactone on Myocardial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation) trial (NCT02673463) randomized 250 stable patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction to spironolactone 25 mg daily or placebo. (warwick.ac.uk)
Abnormal myocardial1
  • CONCLUSIONS: The E' velocity at peak exercise is a strong and independent predictor of aerobic exercise capacity as measured by peak VO2 in patients with HFpEF, providing the link between abnormal myocardial relaxation with exercise and impaired aerobic exercise capacity in HFpEF. (cpxinternational.com)
Cardiopulmonary exercise test3
  • Home-based CR was prescribed based on a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) for at least six months. (turkishjournalpmr.com)
  • Investigations include CMR, cardiopulmonary exercise test, stress echocardiography, signal-averaged electrocardiogram, 24-h electrocardiogram monitoring, laboratory tests and patient-reported outcome measures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 50%, evidence of mild diastolic dysfunction and evidence of exercise limitation as assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise test) and 14 controls underwent 1H-cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-CMRS) to measure MTG (lipid/water, %), 31P-CMRS to measure myocardial energetics (phosphocreatine-to-adenosine triphosphate - PCr/ATP) and feature-tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for diastolic strain rate. (uea.ac.uk)
Increases6
  • Diltiazem is indicated for: Stable angina (exercise-induced) - diltiazem increases coronary blood flow and decreases myocardial oxygen consumption, secondary to decreased peripheral resistance, heart rate, and contractility. (wikipedia.org)
  • This property increases myocardial oxygen delivery in patients with coronary artery spasm, and is responsible for the effectiveness of nifedipine in vasospastic (Prinzmetal's or variant) angina. (nih.gov)
  • It also increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. (almishkat.pk)
  • During exercise, coronary blood flow increases to match the augmented myocardial oxygen demand because of tachycardia. (onteenstoday.com)
  • Because of the high level of oxygen extraction by the myocardium during resting conditions, increases in oxygen demand produced by exercise (increasing up to 6-fold during maximal exercise) are mediated principally by an increase in coronary blood flow. (onteenstoday.com)
  • As the stenosis progresses, patients are unable to increase stroke volume, and as a result, they are unable to increase cardiac output so as to compensate for increases in myocardial oxygen demand. (medscape.com)
Cardiac rehabilitation1
  • Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses 1-3 show that patients who participate in cardiac rehabilitation have significant reductions in mortality and morbidity including improvements in exercise tolerance, symptoms, blood lipid profiles, blood pressure and psychosocial wellbeing. (rrh.org.au)
Patients38
  • Patients underwent exercise echocardiography and also completed a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary ramp test to determine peak exercise capacity, maximal heart rate, heart rate (HR) at the anaerobic threshold (AT), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) VO2 consumption at AT, and exercise capacity at AT. (nih.gov)
  • Although the circulatory-respiratory exercise test has remained to be the classic cardiac stress test used in patients with cardiovascular disease, the 6-Minute Walk Test is also very often used to assess physical performance, as a correlation was found between the 6MWT distance and the maximum sustainable load [ 7 ] or peak oxygen uptake (maxVO2) in the exercise test [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • When performing a classic exercise test is impossible (lack of appropriate equipment, qualified personnel), and the 6MWT can be very helpful to assess the physical performance of patients. (hindawi.com)
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors General treatment of diabetes mellitus for all patients involves lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)
  • METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional evaluation of QoL and societal costs of DCM patients was performed through the 5-level EuroQol (EQ-5D-5 L) and the Medical Consumption Questionnaire (iMCQ) and Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ), respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • An increase in cardiac output, and therefore myocardial work, is the predominant cardiovascular response to eating and this may help explain the postprandial deterioration in symptoms of some patients with cardiovascular disorders. (bmj.com)
  • Objective: The diagnostic yield of combined cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients referred for stress testing has received limited study. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Over the last 25 years, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been studied with a variety of methods employing physiological exercise that have made major contributions to disease management and are performed without increased risk. (unifi.it)
  • In patients without outflow gradients at rest, exercise echocardiography is the most appropriate method for provoking obstruction, with the capability of predicting future development of progressive heart failure symptoms, and differentiating patients with provocable obstruction from those without obstruction, with major implications for dictating treatment options, that is, surgical myectomy (alternatively, alcohol septal ablation) versus heart transplant. (unifi.it)
  • Reduced myocardial oxygen consumption with metabolic (cardiopulmonary) exercise testing provides an independent and quantitative assessment of functional limitation for individual patients when the personal history is ambiguous, and also guides eligibility for heart transplant. (unifi.it)
  • Exercise testing with a variety of methods has become an integral and powerful component of the noninvasive evaluation of HCM, and in some patients can determine treatment strategy. (unifi.it)
  • Single-Centre Case Series Assessment of Early Exercise Capacity Data Among Patients Who Received an Alterra Prestent and SAPIEN 3 Valve Placement. (cpxinternational.com)
  • Exercise capacity is strongly associated with morbidity, as well as all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure. (bulmed.md)
  • Purpose: evaluation of exercise capacity in patients with DVD 3 months after myocardial revascularization. (bulmed.md)
  • The research included 114 patients 3 months after myocardial revascularization by coronary artery by-pass grafting or percutaneous coronary angioplasty. (bulmed.md)
  • All patients were investigated by echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and 6 minute walking test (6MWT).Results. (bulmed.md)
  • Peak oxygen consumption (VO2p) achieved by patients in the RVD group was significantly lower (1018.0±400.6 ml/min) compared to those in the non-RVD group (1243.9±336, 6 ml/min), p<0.05. (bulmed.md)
  • Exercise capacity (expressed both by maximal work rate and by VO2p, VO2p/kg, VO2p%, but also by the distance performed during TM6M) was lower in patients with RVD at 3 months after myocardial revascularization. (bulmed.md)
  • Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Heart Failure. (bulmed.md)
  • Patients with permanent atrial fibrillation have poor outcomes, exercise capacity, and quality of life even on optimal anticoagulation. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Based on mechanistic and observational data, we tested whether the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone can improve exercise capacity, E/e' ratio, and quality of life in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and preserved ejection fraction. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Spironolactone therapy does not improve exercise capacity, E/e' ratio, or quality of life in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved ejection fraction. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • As such, myocardial triglyceride may become a potential therapeutic target to treat the increasing number of patients with HFpEF. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Exercise responses of elderly patients with diastolic versus systolic heart failure. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Reproducibility of peak oxygen uptake and other cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters in patients with heart failure (from the Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of exercise traiNing). (wakehealth.edu)
  • Efficacy and safety of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled trial. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Relationship of age and exercise performance in patients with heart failure: the HF-ACTION study. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Endurance exercise training in older patients with heart failure: results from a randomized, controlled, single-blind trial. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Defining the optimal prognostic window for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with heart failure. (wakehealth.edu)
  • A randomized double-blind trial of enalapril in older patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: effects on exercise tolerance and arterial distensibility. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Relationship of flow-mediated arterial dilation and exercise capacity in older patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Exercise training improves heart rate variability in older patients with heart failure: a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Effect of endurance training on the determinants of peak exercise oxygen consumption in elderly patients with stable compensated heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Reliability of peak exercise testing in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Relation between volume of exercise and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Carotid arterial stiffness and its relationship to exercise intolerance in older patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Clinical characteristics, response to exercise training, and outcomes in patients with heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: findings from Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION). (wakehealth.edu)
  • these studies autonomic modulation in patients with Many of the factors that contribute to metabolic syndrome and exercise have risen too5,7. (bvsalud.org)
Chronic4
  • This unloading of the heart reduces myocardial energy consumption and oxygen requirements, and probably accounts for the effectiveness of nifedipine in chronic stable angina. (nih.gov)
  • This page will focus on chronic adaptations to exercise stimuli - i.e. changes that occur when an individual is regularly training or involved in an appropriate exercise regime for their specific goals and sport. (physio-pedia.com)
  • Subclinical reduction in LV strain before mitral repair predicts a fall in LV ejection fraction following surgery and is thought to reflect the development of myocardial fibrosis in response to chronic volume overload. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic limitation of exercise aerobic response is a central clinical feature of this syndrome, occurring because of decreased cardiac reserve and altered peripheral responses, 1 and is an important determinant of survival. (bmj.com)
Contractility2
  • Whereas the growth-promoting and antiapoptotic properties of Akt activation are well established, little is known about the effects of Akt on myocardial contractility, intracellular calcium (Ca2+) handling, oxygen consumption, and β-adrenergic pathway. (cnr.it)
  • Preclinical research has shown that cardiac myotropes increase cardiac contractility without affecting intracellular myocyte calcium concentrations or myocardial oxygen consumption. (amgen.com)
Hypertrophy1
Metabolic3
  • Impact of gender on the myocardial metabolic response to obesity. (doximity.com)
  • Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of consumption of saturated fats to unsaturated fats, metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease and increase the intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes type 2 diabetes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The studies with exercise fibrinogen as associated with the metabolic have increased in the scientific literature, between syndrome4. (bvsalud.org)
Obesity1
Echocardiography2
  • Previously under-utilized in HCM, exercise (stress) echocardiography has become incorporated into the standard clinical assessment and diagnostic armamentarium of HCM using upright or supine symptom-limited treadmill or bicycle modalities. (unifi.it)
  • Echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing and measurement of N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide were performed at baseline and follow-up (11.6±3 months). (ersjournals.com)
Tolerance3
  • Whether this effect plays any role in classical angina is not clear, but studies of exercise tolerance have not shown an increase in the maximum exercise rate-pressure product, a widely accepted measure of oxygen utilization. (nih.gov)
  • Current measures of disease severity related to exercise tolerance are often heavily reliant on subjective measurements made by both the clinician and the patient. (bmj.com)
  • In animals, açai supplementation and exercise led to benefits in exercise tolerance and improvements in several hemodynamic parameters, as well as significant improvements in liver markers and glucose metabolism. (bvsalud.org)
Ejection fraction2
Fibrosis1
  • Myocardial fibrosis can be detected non-invasively using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging techniques as an expansion of the extracellular volume (ECV). (biomedcentral.com)
Adrenergic1
  • Proinflammatory cytokine levels are increased in heart failure, whereas cardiac fixation of 123-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) has been used to study myocardial adrenergic innervation. (nih.gov)
Metabolism1
  • BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is characterized by altered myocardial substrate metabolism which can lead to myocardial triglyceride accumulation (steatosis) and lipotoxicity. (uea.ac.uk)
Determinants1
Workload1
Intervention1
  • The intervention groups received electrical stimulation for one session (foot shock device with a current intensity of 0.5 mA and a duration of 20 min) and endurance exercise (treadmill at a speed of 20 m / min for 1 h). (scitechnol.com)
Cardiovascular1
  • Exercise capacity following SARS-CoV-2 infection is related to changes in cardiovascular and lung function in military personnel. (cpxinternational.com)
Maximal oxygen cons1
  • HFpEF had significantly reduced diastolic strain rate and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), which both correlated significantly with elevated MTG and reduced PCr/ATP. (uea.ac.uk)
Diltiazem3
  • Myocardial bridge For supraventricular tachycardias (PSVT), diltiazem appears to be as effective as verapamil in treating re-entrant supraventricular tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diltiazem is indicated for stable angina (exercise-induced). (almishkat.pk)
  • Diltiazem is indicated for myocardial bridge and dysmenorrhea. (almishkat.pk)
Vascular4
CONCLUSIONS1
  • CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial steatosis is pronounced in mild HFpEF, and is independently associated with impaired diastolic strain rate which is itself related to exercise capacity. (uea.ac.uk)
Carbon dioxide2
Clinical1
  • Clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations. (wakehealth.edu)
Submaximal exercise1
  • The central and peripheral haemodynamic effects of a modest meal were investigated in healthy volunteers at rest and in response to submaximal exercise. (bmj.com)
Stimulation1
  • Creatine depletion affects force generation during maximal stimulation, while reduced levels of myocardial creatine are a hallmark of the failing heart, leading to the widely held view that creatine is important at high workloads and under conditions of pathological stress. (ox.ac.uk)
Muscles2
Systolic heart failure2
Blood12
Measured by cardiopulmonary1
  • however, this walk distance correlated poorly with actual exercise capacity measured by cardiopulmonary testing (ρ = 0.04, p = 0.82). (bmj.com)
Increase1
Aerobic2
  • AIMS: To measure echocardio-Doppler-derived parameters of diastolic function as they relate to various indices of aerobic exercise capacity in HFpEF. (cpxinternational.com)
  • In addition, significant positive effects could be confirmed on absolute and predicted peak oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption at the individual aerobic-anaerobic threshold, oxygen pulse, as well as left atrial size, and transmitral flow patterns (mean early diastolic lengthening velocity and the ratio of peak early Doppler mitral inflow velocity to this lengthening velocity). (ersjournals.com)