Evaluate the acute oecd toxicity tests acute. Medical search. Frequent questions

The study followed the protocol as described in OECD Guideline 202. (europa.eu)
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. (europa.eu)
The study was conducted according to a method equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 202, in compliance with GLP. (europa.eu)
Then, the acute toxicity of extract was carried out in SD rats according to OECD 423 guideline. (um.edu.my)
This study was reported to evaluate an acute toxicity of TiO 2 (P-25 and GST) according to OECD test guideline 402 and 423 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats via route of oral and dermal. (eaht.org)
Also, there were not much toxicity study for various routes in accordance with test guideline. (eaht.org)
The present study was performed to acute oral or dermal toxicity for new TiO 2 catalyst, GST produced from the precipitated sludge using TiCl 4 coagulants in the sewage treatment plants [ 16 , 17 ] in accordance with OECD test guideline and was compared with P-25 (AEROXIDE®, Evonik Industries, Germany), generally used in catalytic and photocatalytic industrial products. (eaht.org)
This test guideline is a laboratory test method, designed to assess the acute oral toxicity of pesticides and other chemicals to adult worker bumblebees. (oecd.org)
This Test Guideline describes a method to assess effects of a test chemical on the phagocytotic activity of activated sludge containing protozoan organisms under defined conditions in the presence of different concentrations of the test chemical. (oecd.org)
Participation in a validation study of the Vitrigel test method, an in vitro method to identify eye irritants, coordinated by the Japanese Center for Evaluation of Alternative Methods (adopted in 2019 as OECD Test Guideline 494 ). (nih.gov)
The OptiSafe test method is under consideration by OECD for addition to Test Guideline 496, which describes in vitro methods to identify potential eye irritants. (nih.gov)
It is described in the OECD 236 Guideline as a test required for ecotoxicological regulatory purposes, and it is also useful to assess the safety of compounds in preclinical research. (zeclinics.com)
Following the OECD 236 Guideline, a convenient, rapid and inexpensive acute toxicity test has been set up. (zeclinics.com)
The median lethal dose (LD 50 ) was determined using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 423 guideline. (springeropen.com)
Besides, the sub-acute toxic effects of the CAE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) were investigated following administration of the CAE daily for 28 consecutive days as per the OECD 407 guideline. (springeropen.com)
The acute toxicity testing was performed according to OECD Test Guideline 425. (nel.edu)
The similar substance has very similar chemical structure to 5 -A. Acute toxicity to Zebra fish was evaluated in the 96 hours screening test, according to the OECD guideline 203. (europa.eu)

The EPA began accepting two in vitro tests for antimicrobial cleaning products in 2012. (acs.org)
The Eye Irritation Test (EIT) is an OECD-approved in vitro non-animal test method for identifying chemicals and mixtures that may be irritating to the corneal epithelium. (iivs.org)
The test method utilizes an in vitro reconstructed human corneal epithelium (RhCE) model (EpiOcular™, MatTek Corp. or HCE, SkinEthic™), in an acute exposure assay to support international regulatory labeling requirements, according to the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). (iivs.org)
The ocular irritation potential of formulations, products, ingredients, and chemicals can be evaluated using in vitro reconstructed human corneal epithelium (RhCE) models, such as the EpiOcular™ (MatTek Corp.) and SkinEthic HCE (EPISKIN) organotypic 3-D tissue constructs. (iivs.org)
The BCOP (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability) assay is an in vitro eye irritation test method developed by Gautheron et al. (iivs.org)
The Short Time Exposure (STE) assay, developed by Kao Corporation (Japan), is an in vitro assay used to assess acute eye irritation potential as an alternative to the traditional in vivo Draize test. (iivs.org)
The CAMVA is an in vitro assay that measures the presence and degree of vascular effect to the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 10-day fertilized eggs following exposure to test article. (iivs.org)
In vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluation of silver nanoparticles stabilized with gum arabic. (ipen.br)
NICEATM, EPA, and CropLife America companies established a forum to share paired data sets for agrochemical formulations tested both in vivo and in vitro. (nih.gov)
These data sets were used to assess the utility of in vitro methods compared to in vivo rabbit eye tests for agrochemical formulations. (nih.gov)
EPA is supporting the Institute for In Vitro Sciences in a collaboration with antimicrobial cleaning products manufacturers, CropLife America, and the PETA Science Consortium International e.V. to optimize a protocol using a reconstructed human epidermal model to evaluate the skin irritation potential of agrochemical formulations. (nih.gov)
Compared to in vivo tests, in vitro methods have the advantage of assessing effects of inhaled toxicants expressed by differences in dosimetry, e.g. variations in concentration (exposure intensity), exposure duration and exposure frequency, in an easier way. (altex.org)
Mammalian cells are a unique tool for in vitro toxicity assays, since they represent, with a fairly high degree of accuracy, the actual biological targets of many environmental pollutants or other compounds with proven or suspected toxicity. (siftdesk.org)
Moreover, a substantial published literature on the LLNA is available making it appropriate for use as a benchmark against which new approaches, including in vitro alternatives, can be evaluated and validated. (cdc.gov)
There is one to human health that might result from spillage of issue that all the tests have in common, be they chemicals on to human skin, notably during occu- in vivo, in vitro, or in silico - none of them is perfect. (cdc.gov)

Marine tests showed an inhibition of growth with the two different algal species (P. tricornutum and D. tertiolecta), an inhibition of bioluminescence in the bacterium A. fischeri, an alteration on the correct early development of the serpulid F. enigmaticus larvae and immobilization of the copepod A. tonsa individuals at both 24 and 48 hours of exposure. (easychair.org)
Responses of birds to single high-dose exposure to MCs were evaluated in fourteen-day old Japanese quail males ( Coturnix coturnix japonica) with average body weight of 50 g which were randomly divided into five groups. (nel.edu)
While single and double combinations of toxicants induced responses in individual biochemical parameters measured and evaluated using univariate statistical analysis, those in the triple exposure were most extensive. (nel.edu)
Although limited data are available on toxicological hazards of nanomaterials following oral exposure, in the oral route, the acute toxicity performed for TiO 2 NPs in rodents, it showed that lethal dose (LD 50 ) value was higher than 2150 mg/kg body weight or even 5000 mg/kg body weight [ 8 ]. (eaht.org)
Read more on the OECD work in developing and harmonising methods for assessing the exposure of chemicals to humans and the environment. (oecd.org)
From the data presented in this study, it could be logically inferred that aqueous root extract of H. africana is non-toxic at the tested doses and within the period of exposure. (ijpsr.com)
It is expected that the substance will have a similar toxicity profile as the read across substances zirconium dioxide and erbium oxide, more specifically that it is not expected to cause any adverse acute toxic effects after oral, inhalation or dermal exposure. (europa.eu)
Types of injury caused by exposure to the test article are quantitatively measured by changes in opacity and permeability to fluorescein. (iivs.org)
The test method evaluates the cytotoxicity induced by a series of test chemical dilutions in a monolayer of rabbit corneal fibroblasts (Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea - SIRC) after a single five-minute exposure. (iivs.org)
Some abnormalities can be recorded after the exposure on FET test but they are not considered as endpoint, neither any other compromised biomarker by EDC action. (ipen.br)
In order to evaluate the possibility of using these chronic endpoints and to verify if those environmental concentrations of atrazine are ecologically relevant, compromising reproductive aspects, FET test using Danio rerio were performed to assess lethal concentrations, sublethal concentrations and vitellogenin quantification after atrazine exposure. (ipen.br)
Dose-response curves for mortality at 96 hpf after exposure of embryos to a vehicle (negative control), a toxic compound (positive control) and a study molecule that shows some toxicity. (zeclinics.com)
3) a deposited dose that mimics human deposition in the respiratory tract is used and (4) the post-exposure sampling methodology should be carefully considered and relevant to the testing strategy used. (altex.org)
We have extensive experience in government and Industrial aerosol toxicity testing to evaluate lethal dose and exposure limits through acute, chronic and subchronic inhalation toxicity studies. (arelabs.com)
Based on mortality data at 48 h of exposure the LC50 of the test item resulted higher than 1000 mg/l. (europa.eu)
Whichever the case, the final output of any cell-based test system is the measurement of the deviation of a predetermined cellular function from control, "baseline" levels as a result of exposure to a toxic compound. (siftdesk.org)
Therefore, the risk assessment of the impact of pesticides on human health is not an easy and particularly accurate process because of differences in the periods and levels of exposure, the types of pesticides used (regarding toxicity and persistence). (advinus.com)
192) 1.Flame retardants - toxicity 2.Occupational exposure 3.Environmental exposure I.Series ISBN 92 4 157192 6 (NLM Classification: WA 250) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)
The Tier 2 process for occupational exposure banding also assesses the sufficiency of toxicity data to ensure that adequate information is available to reliably band a chemical. (cdc.gov)

WHO is not responsible, and does not accept any liability, for the testing of pesticides for compliance with the specifications, nor for any methods recommended and/or used for testing compliance. (who.int)
The US Environmental Protection Agency is working to reduce the number of animals used in testing the acute toxicity of pesticides. (acs.org)
In early 2016, the US Environmental Protection Agency set an immediate goal to reduce the number of animals used to test the toxicity of pesticides. (acs.org)
The US Environmental Protection Agency is working to replace these in vivo animal tests with nonanimal alternatives to categorize the toxicity of pesticides. (acs.org)

In particular, no studies relevant for the assessment of acute dermal toxicity of nano-TiO 2 are available [ 9 ]. (eaht.org)
Assessment of 2,4-difluoroaniline Aquatic Toxicity Using A Zebrafish (" by Crina Laura Moșneang, Adrian Grozea et al. (chula.ac.th)
Volume 7 of the Series compiles the OECD consensus documents for use in environmental risk assessment of transgenic organisms (biosafety) issued in 2016 and 2017. (oecd.org)
These include using integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) and defined approaches to enable prediction of skin and eye irritation hazard through high-throughput screening assays and in silico models. (nih.gov)
3Rs-aligned method for fast and high throughput acute toxicity assessment in vivo . (zeclinics.com)
In particular, this document evaluates and summarizes the literature describing the hazard potential of the substance and its assessment according to the scientific rationale and framework outlined in CIB 61. (cdc.gov)

Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. (wikipedia.org)
The terms animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, in vivo testing, and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations. (wikipedia.org)
These data will be used both to evaluate the inherent variability of in vivo data and for ongoing and future evaluations of non-animal approaches. (nih.gov)
Fish Embryo Acute Test is designed to determine the acute toxicity of chemicals in vivo in just a few days. (zeclinics.com)
Alternative experimental method to reduce animal testing while evaluating toxicity in vivo . (zeclinics.com)
Animal testing , also known as animal experimentation , animal research , and in vivo testing , is the use of non-human animals in experiments (although some research about animals involves only natural behaviors or pure observation, such as a mouse running a maze or field studies of chimp troops ). (wmflabs.org)

The study for respiratory system of TiO 2 was well-demonstrated, and the reports for other routes were not so much compared with inhalation toxicity [ 13 , 14 ]. (eaht.org)
ARE Labs specializes in inhalation toxicology testing for EPA and FDA compliance for evaluation of industrial compounds, pharmaceuticals, e-cigarettes and biological and chemical materials that need inhalational lethality and toxicity assessments. (arelabs.com)
We support a wide variety of projects such as vaccine efficacy, testing for inhalational delivered of drugs, agrochemicals, governmental agencies and more recently e-cigarettes and associated consumer delivered inhalation products. (arelabs.com)
Our services include OECD - Test No. 403 Acute Inhalation Toxicity, OECD - Test No. 412 Subacute Inhalation Toxicity 28-Day Study, OECD - Test No. 413 Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity 90-day, OECD - Test No. 436 Acute Inhalation Toxicity, 40 CFR 799.9346 - 90-day inhalation toxicity Studies. (arelabs.com)
Companies subject to the test order may either conduct the tests as described, including testing of physical-chemical properties and health effects following inhalation, or provide EPA with existing information that they believe EPA did not identify in its search. (lawbc.com)

Under the test conditions, the 48 h LC50 of the test material to Daphnia magna was determined to be 5.2 mg/L (95% C.L.: 4.3-6.5 mg/L). The NOEC was estimated to be (europa.eu)
According to OECD 203: Fish Acute Toxicity Test, LC50 was determined using 70 adult zebrafish AB strain and 14 zebrafish as control group, to evaluate the effects and action at different concentrations of DFA. (chula.ac.th)

Procedure referred to OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Test No. 420: Acute Oral Toxicity - Fixed Dose Procedure with single-dose administration of 2000 mg/kg bw. (ugm.ac.id)
The EPA is evaluating whether an equation that sums the hazards of individual chemicals can replace the animal test for formulations and mixtures. (acs.org)
The OECD welcomed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Guangdong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention and the OECD which will support China's efforts in chemicals regulation and policy making. (oecd.org)
To determine toxicity on embryonic stages of fish to different environmental chemicals and waste water, Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (FET) was designed using Danio rerio as model specie on this test, according to OECD 236 or ISO 15088 protocols, however these protocols observe only acute toxicity based on endpoints such as coagulated eggs, nondetachment of the tail, lack of heart beating and lack of somite formation. (ipen.br)
Chemicals and substances such as personal care products, cleaning supplies, and agrochemicals are tested to determine if they have the potential to cause irritation or injury to skin and eyes. (nih.gov)
These models may be used in screening chemicals and/or inclusion in a tiered-testing strategy for eye irritation potential. (nih.gov)
EPA states that this is "the second test order under the strategy and the latest action taken under EPA's PFAS Strategic Roadmap to confront contamination from forever chemicals nationwide. (lawbc.com)
These and other events triggered the genera- built on observations of the adverse effects of tion of batteries of predictive tests, the large chemicals on human health, and the need to pre- majority using mammalian species (6, 7). (cdc.gov)
For this reason, the skin is often exposed to potentially hazardous agents, including chemicals, which may contribute to the onset of a spectrum of adverse health effects ranging from localized damage (e.g., irritant contact dermatitis and corrosion) to induction of immune-mediated responses (e.g., allergic contact dermatitis and pulmonary responses), or systemic toxicity (e.g., neurotoxicity and hepatoxicity). (cdc.gov)
Other activities carried out by the IPCS include the development of know-how for coping with chemical accidents, coordination of laboratory testing and epidemiological studies, and promotion of research on the mechanisms of the biological action of chemicals. (inchem.org)

Data will be analyzed and compared with the environmental concentration of atrazine to stablish the potential application of vitellogenin as endpoint on FET test. (ipen.br)
When toxicity data are present for a given endpoint, a weighted score based on that health endpoint is assigned. (cdc.gov)

The ICCVAM Ocular and Dermal Irritation Workgroup (ODIWG) coordinated the implementation of the roadmap goals for skin and eye irritation testing. (nih.gov)

In the hot plate test, only the dose of 100 mg/kg of (-)-linalool resulted in a significant effect. (researchgate.net)
1.0 mg/L, the lowest dose tested (Schoen, 1986). (europa.eu)
Single-dose Acute Oral Toxicity Study of Chloroform Extract of Snake Plant ( Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. (ugm.ac.id)
Based on this finding, we will continue to conduct further study to assess the repeated-dose acute oral toxicity. (ugm.ac.id)
Six dose concentrations of 2500mg/kg bw, 50000mg/kg bw, 10000mg/kg bw, 20000mg/kg bw, 40000mg/kg bw and 80000mg/kg bw were evaluated. (sgu.ac.id)
Avian high-dose toxicity of cyanobacterial biomass. (nel.edu)
Therefore, the objective of this study was to obtain data on avian high-dose toxicity of MCs and compute LD50, if possible, following the natural oral route of administration. (nel.edu)
Controls received an equal dose of drinking water instead of the test substance. (nel.edu)
The result revealed that, at a limit dose of 5000 mg/kg b.w., the extract neither had treatment - mediated symptoms of toxicity nor mortality over the 14 days observation period. (ijpsr.com)
In the sub-acute study and particularly for the male rats, the extract significantly increased the serum levels of the erythrocytes and haemoglobin, while the platelet counts increased dose-dependently in both male and female treated animals. (ijpsr.com)
0.05) effect on other evaluated parameters and the no treatment-induced abnormalities in the relative organ weights of the animals indicated that it is unlikely to be toxic to the investigated organs and suggests that its oral median lethal dose is approximately higher than 5000 mg/kg. (ijpsr.com)
No signs of toxicity were observed at this dose. (europa.eu)
A single dose was administrated at 100 mg/l (limit test) with no effect (Novartis Services AG. (europa.eu)
In the latter case, clearly specified quantitative benchmarks, such as median lethal doses (LD50s) for acute toxicity and no- observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs), or equivalent point of departure such as benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL), for STOT-RE, are used. (cdc.gov)

Bio-monitoring, in the control strategies for pollution, has several advantages over other tests in aquatic organisms. (chula.ac.th)
Some studies have been performed to evaluate toxic effects on non-target organisms (fish) using herbicides such as Atrazine, a moderately toxic compound classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that can affect reproduction of several aquatic organisms with a compromise of vitellogenin production. (ipen.br)
The substance met the ecological categorization criteria for persistence, but did not meet the ecological categorization criteria for bioaccumulation potential or inherent toxicity to aquatic organisms. (gc.ca)
Therefore, before any pesticide can be used commercially, several tests are conducted that determine whether a pesticide has any potential to cause adverse effects on humans and wildlife, including endangered species and other non-target organisms, or potential to contaminate surface waters and groundwater from leaching, runoff, and spray drift. (advinus.com)
These tests define the product chemistry, risks to humans and domestic animals, the environmental fate of the pesticide, and the impact on non-target organisms. (advinus.com)
There is little information on the toxicity of the fire-fighting substances in connection with aquatic and terrestrial organisms. (ncsu.edu)
A preliminary test was carried out on all the samples to evaluate the (positive / negative) effects of the fire water on the test organisms. (ncsu.edu)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of test item butyl methoxydibenzoylmethan to Daphnia magna. (europa.eu)
A study was performed to evaluate the acute toxicity of the test material to Daphnia magna under static conditions. (europa.eu)
Daphnia magna were exposed to the test substance at concentrations of 0, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6 and 10 mg/L. Mortality and abnormal effects were determined at 24 and 48 h. (europa.eu)

Further developmental toxicity studies on animals need to be carried out to validate use of belladonna mother tincture clinically in low concentration or high dilution.s. (ijpsonline.com)

The use of fish embryos allows high throughput screening while providing similar predictivity to adult fish and reducing animal testing. (zeclinics.com)

Test data are used to classify substances for appropriate labeling and packaging. (nih.gov)
The study is only a summary and the test duration was of 48 h instead than 96 h, therefore the study was considered as supporting and studies on similar substances belonging to the Stilbene Fluorescent Whitening Agents category were reported. (europa.eu)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced on January 4, 2023, that it issued the next Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) test order requiring testing on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) under its National PFAS Testing Strategy . (lawbc.com)
It is the initial requirement for sensitization testing within the new REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chem- ical substances) regulations in the European Union. (cdc.gov)

EPA established a stakeholder group to discuss the development, evaluation, and implementation of alternatives for the "six-pack" of acute toxicity tests required for pesticide registration. (nih.gov)
We present a novel approach for assessing pesticide toxicity on mammalian cells, by measuring the response patterns of four cell lines (two neuroblastoma and two fibroblast) to three different pesticide groups (carbamates, organophosphates, pyrethroids) at a broad range of concentrations. (siftdesk.org)
The registration process for a pesticide usually requires the manufacturer (registrant) to conduct, analyze, and pay for many different scientific tests. (advinus.com)
They should include the identity and physical and chemical properties of the active ingredient and formulated product, analytical methods, human and environmental toxicity, proposed label and uses, safety data sheets, efficacy for the intended use as well as residues resulting from the use of the pesticide product, container management, and waste product disposal. (advinus.com)

Whether evaluating ultra-mild cosmetics and personal care products, or rank ordering the irritation potential of candidate formulations and ingredients, we can provide custom Ocular Screening protocols to best meet your testing goals. (iivs.org)
The Ocular Irritection Assay is an in chemico eye irritation assay that detects, ranks, and predicts the corneal irritation potential of a test material. (iivs.org)
However, no current validated non-animal ocular irritation test methods or prediction tools are able to predict corneal recovery in a manner consistent with the animal tests historically employed. (iivs.org)
These partnerships include companies that develop products that are tested for skin and eye irritation, as these companies have experience and data that can be applied to alternative method development, evaluation, and use. (nih.gov)
describing available non-animal test methods and their relevance to eye anatomy and mechanisms of eye irritation in humans. (nih.gov)
The toxicity information for some of the health effects listed above may be categorical in nature (presence/absence of genotoxicity or skin irritation, for example) while other outcomes are expressed through quantitative information and/or potency data. (cdc.gov)

Mortality, quiescence, surfacing and/or daphnids lying on the bottom of test vessels were observed at all test concentrations. (europa.eu)
Results demonstrated that during 14 days of the experiment, neither mortality and sublethal effects as signs of toxicity were detected. (ugm.ac.id)
Signs of toxicity and mortality rate were recorded and evaluated during a 4-hour critical observation and 7 days daily observation. (sgu.ac.id)
Frequency of observations: the animals were observed frequently after administration of the test material, for detection of possible treatment-related clinical signs and for mortality or signs of morbidity. (europa.eu)

This research aimed to evaluate toxicity and safety of consuming chloroform extract of S. trifasciata leaf (CESTL) in acute phase using female Wistar rats as model animal. (ugm.ac.id)
The active extract was tested in diabetic rats where the pancreatic β islets were evaluated for insulin, apoptosis and autophagy protein. (um.edu.my)
Notably, there was no toxicity observed in SD rats when administered with MELF. (um.edu.my)
This study evaluated the toxicological effects of the acute and sub-acute dosing treatments of the aqueous root extract of Ha in male and female wistar rats using OECD guidelines 423 and 407. (ijpsr.com)
Safety of both strains was confirmed by acute oral toxicity in rats. (frontiersin.org)

Adult worker bumblebees are exposed to 50 % (w/v) aqueous sucrose solution containing the test chemical. (oecd.org)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the antidepressant effect of the ethanolic extract of Aloysia gratissima var. (bvsalud.org)
Objective: This research aimed to verify the extract's safety, the effect on general behavior, and the effect on sleeping time, as well as to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effect of the methanol extract of Aloysia virgata var. (bvsalud.org)
The extract which promotes the highest cell protective activity was further evaluated for insulin secretion, apoptosis and autophagy signaling pathways. (um.edu.my)
For the acute study, the extract was administered to the animals at single oral graded doses of 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) and subsequently observed for 14 days, while it was given at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg b.w. once daily for 28 days in the sub-acute testing. (ijpsr.com)
This study assessed the sub-acute toxicity effects of Culcasia angolensis leaves extract (CAE). (springeropen.com)
Therefore, this research was intended to check the safety profile of Culcasia angolensis leaves extract (CAE) after the acute and sub-acute administration via oral route to stimulate more research and discover novel, effective, and safe medicinal compounds. (springeropen.com)
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of an ethanolic extract of Nymphaea alba Linn. (ijp-online.com)
The elevated plus maze test (EPMT), light and dark test (L and DT) and open field test (OFT) were used to assess the anxiolytic activity of the ethanolic extract of N. alba Linn. (ijp-online.com)

The third chapter relates to Atlantic salmon, the first OECD biosafety publication to address an animal species. (oecd.org)

Biodegradation is determined according to OECD test method guidelines. (givaudan.com)
60% in a ready biodegradation test within 28 days and passing the 10 day window criterion following OECD 301, 310 and equivalent ISO guidelines. (givaudan.com)
Reason for this choice: species commonly used in Europe for aquatic toxicity testing and recommended in OECD and EEC guidelines. (europa.eu)
the test method used in the study was based on OECD guidelines no. 423. (sgu.ac.id)
As part of the Tier 1 testing, the test order on HFPO required "Hydrolysis as a Function of pH," according to EPA and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD ) test guidelines. (lawbc.com)

Highly predictive for acute toxicity effects in humans. (zeclinics.com)

Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to the industry. (wikipedia.org)
Avenzoar, a 12th-century Arabic physician in Moorish Spain introduced an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients. (wikipedia.org)
The filtered solution, corresponding to the limit of solubility (LS) of the test item under the experimental conditions, was then used to prepare the test solutions. (europa.eu)

Potential harmful effects of 2,4-difluoroaniline (DFA), on a 96-hour acute static test, on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were followed. (chula.ac.th)

The traditional use of organic solvents in various branches of industry is being rethought as these compounds very often display high volatility, toxicity and lipophilicity (related to the ability to interact with biological membranes). (easychair.org)
Bio-effects may link the bioavailability of the compounds of interest with their concentration at target organs and intrinsic toxicity. (chula.ac.th)

Clinical toxicity signs, behavioral changes, hematological and biochemical parameters were then monitored and evaluated. (ijpsr.com)

However, as the measured concentration in unfiltered test medium was above the water solubility of 0.03 mg/L, this response was likely related to the presence of undissolved test substance particles causing mechanical damage by hampering the swimming capacity of the daphnids. (europa.eu)
The pH and dissolved oxygen values of the control and the highest concentration were measured at the beginning and the end ofthe test. (europa.eu)
The other UV filters tested showed no adverse effect on coral symbionts or animal tissue up to the concentration corresponding to their water solubility limit (and even above). (springer.com)

This study has the objective to test the acute oral toxicity of the extracts. (sgu.ac.id)
The EPA waived the test for formulations in 2016, saying that information from acute oral tests was sufficient. (acs.org)
The body weight of the animals treated with the test material was compared to laboratory historical control data for animals dosed by the oral route. (europa.eu)

The results of the study demonstrate the potential of bioelectric profiling as a tool for developing novel toxicity assays and associated biosensors with superior analytical capacity, speed of assay and the ability to respond to a broad spectrum of toxicants, at the same time satisfying the demand for increased cost-efficiency and ease of operation. (siftdesk.org)

The acute toxicity of the substance under registration on the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated over a period of 48 h, with the Modified Bioassay Method (n. a., 1976). (europa.eu)
Testing results on the similar substance 3a-A(NaK) were considered. (europa.eu)
Two fish acute toxicity tests are available (Ciba-Geigy, 1994 and 1998) on the similar substance 2 -A pre-treated with light in order to obtain a high percentage of photodegraded products and verify their impact on aquatic toxicity. (europa.eu)
In conclusion, no fish acute toxicity is expected for the substance. (europa.eu)
The test order requires companies to conduct and submit testing on trifluoro(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (HFPO), a perfluoroalkyl substance used in making plastics. (lawbc.com)

A tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were conducted after three doses in a period of 24 h and after 7 days of treatment. (bvsalud.org)

70% in an inherent biodegradability test e.g. (givaudan.com)

The Evaluation Report includes the name(s) of the manufacturer(s) whose technical material has been evaluated. (who.int)

Toxicology testing became important in the 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
[ 1 ] It includes pure research (such as genetics , developmental biology , and behavioral studies ) as well as applied research (such as biomedical research , xenotransplantation , drug testing, and toxicology tests , including cosmetics testing ). (wmflabs.org)

There is, therefore, a view that the LLNA represents the `gold standard' for skin sensitization testing. (cdc.gov)

therefore, toxicity studies must be carried out to investigate adverse effects prior to further exploration as potent candidates of medicinal plants. (ugm.ac.id)
Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (FET) to evaluate atrazine effects. (ipen.br)
The aim of the test was to determine under laboratory test conditions whether this test item had harmful effects on the springtail Folsomia candida (Willem) (Collembola, Isotomidae). (europa.eu)
According to the press release, EPA will use the information received under the order to improve its understanding of human health effects of HFPO, as well as "the effects of dozens of PFAS that are structurally similar to HFPO and in the same Testing Strategy category of PFAS, improving the agency's overall data on PFAS. (lawbc.com)

This report evaluates existing economic assessments and valuations of impacts arising from PFOA and its salts. (oecd.org)

Birds were observed for clinical signs of acute toxicity. (nel.edu)

This OECD database allows regulatory officials and stakeholders to share information on products derived from the use of modern biotechnology, as well as some products with novel traits acquired by the use of conventional breeding or mutagenesis, that have been approved for commercial application in at least one country, in terms of food, feed or environmental safety. (oecd.org)

Control: In the definitive bioassay the control treatment, 27 mL of purified water was thoroughly mixed with 330.64 g of pre-moistened artificial test soil (equivalent to 300 g dry soil). (europa.eu)

The test order on HFPO, however, reflects some of the issues of concern we flagged in our review of the first PFAS test order on 6:2 FTSB ( see our memorandum dated June 8, 2022), specifically with regard to EPA's inadequate bases for the ordered testing and inconsistent justifications. (lawbc.com)

The stock solution, for the limit and range-finding tests, was prepared by dispersing the test item directly in M4 reconstituted water. (europa.eu)
The study included a limit and a range-finding tests. (europa.eu)
Three groups of 20 daphnids (in four replicates of five) were subjected to dilutions of the limit test solution at LS/1 000, LS/I00 and LS/1 0 for a period of 48 hours. (europa.eu)

IIVS possesses extensive experience with numerous test methods and testing strategies for commercial, industrial and regulatory applications. (iivs.org)

Both tested extracts demonstrated promising antidepressant-like activity in mice. (bvsalud.org)
All extracts were tested for INS-1 β cells viability stimulated by streptozotocin (STZ). (um.edu.my)

The earliest references to animal testing are found in the writings of the Greeks in the 2nd and 4th centuries BCE. (wikipedia.org)
REFERENCES ANNEX I: Terminology ANNEX II: Flame retardants in commercial use or used formerly ANNEX III: Fire tests ANNEX IV: US Interagency Testing Commission recommendations on brominated flame retardants CONCLUSIONS ET RECOMMANDATIONS CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMMENDACIONES NOTE TO READERS OF THE CRITERIA MONOGRAPHS Every effort has been made to present information in the criteria monographs as accurately as possible without unduly delaying their publication. (inchem.org)

However, due to its toxic nature and adverse teratogenic effect, it is important to investigate the possible toxicity and safety level of belladonna mother tincture. (ijpsonline.com)

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of CB leachates on target species with two batteries of marine and freshwater ecotoxicological bioassays. (easychair.org)

5α-reductase inhibitors decrease the production of dihydrotestosterone within the prostate, which results in decreased prostate volume, increased peak urinary flow rate, improvement of symptoms, decreased risk of acute urinary retention, and need for surgical intervention. (ijp-online.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms5

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes2

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Information Science2

Health Care8

Geographicals1

Guideline17

Vitro15

Exposure19

Pesticides4

Assessment6

Vivo6

Inhalation5

LC502

Chemicals10

Endpoint2

Dermal1

Dose14

Organisms7

Daphnia3

Developmental toxicity1

High throughput1

Substances4

Pesticide4

Irritation6

Mortality4

Rats5

Chemical1

Extract8

Biosafety1

Guidelines5

Predictive1

Experimental3

Danio1

Compounds2

Biochemical parameters1

Concentration3

Oral3

Analytical1

Substance5

Doses1

Inherent1

Evaluation1

Toxicology2

Skin sensitization1

Effects4

Assessments1

Signs1

Environmental1

Equivalent1

Memorandum1

Limit3

Regulatory1

Extracts2

References2

Safety1

Species1

Symptoms1