Equilibrium frequencies alleles in heterozygous genotypes alleles. Medical search. Frequent questions

In some dairy breeds, animals have been genotyped with 50,000 SNPs (50K). (biomedcentral.com)
RESULTS: A total of three SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with a calculated frequency of the wild-type alleles of 0.54, 0.55 and 0.45 for SNPs on exons 12, 21 and 26, respectively. (univpm.it)
Based on RNA-seq data, SNPs were identified and genotyped using PCR-RFLP or PCR-HRM methods in 254 Arabian horses that competed in flat races. (biomedcentral.com)
Genotypes of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of LOXL1 (rs1048661, rs3825942, and rs2165241) were analyzed with direct sequencing, and a case-control association study was performed. (molvis.org)
There was no significant association between the genotype frequencies of the three SNPs and the XFS phenotypes. (molvis.org)
The risk alleles of these SNPs were similar to those of other Asian populations, such as Japanese or Chinese, but differed from non-Asian populations, suggesting that still unidentified genetic or environmental factors may contribute to disease expression. (molvis.org)
The risk of BC was not found significantly associated with exposure to PCBs and OCPs, regardless of genotype for all investigated SNPs. (biomedcentral.com)
The rationale behind the proposed methodology is that biallelic DNA-methylation results in MethylCap-seq data which is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for each locus, i.e. if SNPs are present for a locus, both homozygous and heterozygous subjects will be detected at a predictable rate. (ugent.be)
Only SNP loci with an adequately coverage and allele frequency are retained and the effect of sequencing errors is further reduced by comparing the chance of a sequencing error with the chance of detecting genuine SNPs. (ugent.be)
ABSTRACT This study aimed to estimate the frequency of the SNPs (+45T>G and +276G>T) genotypes and investigate the association between the two SNPs and adiponectin concentration, metabolic parameters and risk of T2DM in the Bahraini population. (who.int)
We genotyped the two ADIPOQ SNPs in 140 unrelated T2DM patients and 66 nondiabetic controls using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. (who.int)

Selection based on genetic markers requires a large number of genotyped individuals and thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) scattered throughout the genome [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

On the other hand, analysis between this polymorphism genotype distribution and cervical cancer risk, showed that allele A of this polymorphism may be a risk factor for patients with a positive history of tobacco smoking [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
To our knowledge, angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE ) gene I/D polymorphisms have not yet been investigated in AS patients in Turkish population.This study was conducted in Turkish patients with AS to determine the frequency of I/D polymorphism genotypes of angiotensin converting enzyme gene. (molvis.org)
ACE I/D polymorphism genotypes were determined by using polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. (molvis.org)
As a result of our study, angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism DD genotype could be a genetic marker in ankylosing spondylitis in a Turkish study population. (molvis.org)
Distribution of genotypes of polymorphism Arg16Gly was different relative to body mass index (χ 2 = 9.797;p = 0.04). (biomedcentral.com)
We considered the four most commonly used methods and investigated their applicability to single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data in both a simulation study and by using the human genotyped data. (biomedcentral.com)
Results: The genotypic distribution of the polymorphism was within the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (sagepub.com)
Our preliminary data indicate lack of association between T833C/844ins68 polymorphism with MR. However, higher relative risk and biased transmission of the double mutation from heterozygous mothers to MR probands are indicative of a risk of association between this polymorphism with mental retardation. (sagepub.com)
Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, we tested the genotype distribution of 100 migraine patients in comparison with 120 healthy migraine-free controls from the same geographical region. (scirp.org)
If you are new to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping experiments, you may be struggling with how to interpret your data. (thermofisher.com)
celaoforever/SHEsisPlus: a software package for analysis of genetic association, Hardy-weinberg equilibrium, linkage disequilibrium and haplotype construction at multiallelic polymorphism loci, compatible for both diploid and polyploid species. (github.com)
TLR2 2258G allele may provide protective effects against PTB susceptibility, particularly among Asians, whereas TLR2 T597C polymorphism might not be associated with PTB susceptibility. (cdc.gov)

In diploid organisms, the average genotypic "value" (locus value) may be defined by the allele "effect" together with a dominance effect, and also by how genes interact with genes at other loci (epistasis). (wikipedia.org)
The most basic measure (actually a measure of heterozygosity rather than homozygosity) is multilocus heterozygosity, defined as the proportion of heterozygous loci in all genotyped loci of an individual [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The term is often used to describe a combination of alleles at one or more specific loci . (amboss.com)

Commonly, the frequency of the allele causing "more" in the phenotype (including dominance) is given the symbol p, while the frequency of the contrasting allele is q. (wikipedia.org)
For common genetic variants, early genome-wide association studies (GWASs) found that additive models captured most genotype-phenotype associations, including those with non-additive (also called dominance) effects 17 . (nature.com)
However, if a phenotype is favored by natural selection, allele frequencies can change. (openstax.org)
We could not identify a significant phenotype-genotype correlation. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings provide a basis for further studies that associate CYP2A13 haplotypes with incidences of smoking-related lung tumors and for studies on the mechanisms of the low-expression phenotype of the 7520G-containing allele. (aspetjournals.org)

The higher allele frequencies of deleterious founder variants increases the statistical power for detecting disease associations. (nature.com)
φX174 HaeIII digest showing bands at 310, 281, 234,194 and 118 respectively, lane 4 = BsrI digestion of heterozygous The human CBS gene, located at 21q22.3 [6], is known to PCR product (of lane 2), showing complete digestion of the have a large number of mutations, the majority of which higher allele of 239 bp into 130 bp and 109 bp. (sagepub.com)

Here we examine the homozygous and heterozygous effects of 44,370 coding variants on 2,444 disease phenotypes using data from the nationwide electronic health records of 176,899 Finnish individuals. (nature.com)

Both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene in breeding populations (gamodemes), and combine them with concepts from simple Mendelian inheritance to analyze inheritance patterns across generations and descendant lines. (wikipedia.org)
By contrast, in populations that have encountered a recent reduction in population size, certain founder diseases with recessive inheritance are present at higher frequencies. (nature.com)
Populations that have undergone recent bottlenecks are also characterized by an excess of mildly deleterious variants, which are derived from rare variants that stochastically increased in frequency after a bottleneck event 4 . (nature.com)
The T allele at rs1048661 (odds ratio [OR]=14.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]=6.25-33.3) and the C allele at rs2165241 (OR=7.14, 95% CI=1.59-33.3) were risk alleles in Korean subjects, which was consistent with findings in other Asian populations. (molvis.org)
However, our findings were opposite to results from Caucasian populations in which the risk alleles at rs1048661 and rs2165241 were G and T, respectively. (molvis.org)
For example, the risk allele of rs1048661 has been reported to be different between Asian and Caucasian populations. (molvis.org)
In Indian [ 21 ] and Chinese [ 18 ] populations, the G allele of SNP rs1048661 was not associated with XFS/XFG. (molvis.org)
New River drainage populations exhibited the southern allele at high frequency, suggesting their historic native character as southern, with presence of northern alleles due to stocking or stream capture events. (intechopen.com)
11. Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. (recruitmenttopper.com)
14. Random unidirectional change in allele frequencies that occurs by chance in all populations and especially in small populations is known as (a) migration (b) natural selection (c) genetic drift (d) mutation. (recruitmenttopper.com)
The São Miguel do Oeste and Chapecó populations had similar frequencies of Val and Ile and were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting that a selection pressure or other evolutionary force has occurred. (geneticsmr.com)
In conclusion, the observed frequency of Ile/Ile homozygous individuals in the region studied requires attention, because the implementation of controls using pyrethroid may increase the frequency of the mutant allele through the selection of resistant populations. (geneticsmr.com)
A slightly increased genotypic frequency was observed in the Indian control population as compared to other Asian populations. (sagepub.com)
The study revealed no association between CYP19/PvuII genotype and cystic ovarian disease in HF crossbred populations but 'AG' genotype of ER1 gene is associated with higher incidence of COD. (ijlr.org)

We now know the dominant allele frequency. (varsitytutors.com)
The Hardy-Weinberg Equation p = the frequency of the dominant allele in a population. (github.io)
The Hardy-Weinberg principle is represented by the mathematical equation p 2 + 2pq + q 2 = 1 , where p represents the frequency of the dominant allele and q represents the frequency of the recessive allele. (openstax.org)

These concepts include sample size, minor allele frequency (MAF), and the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (thermofisher.com)
We will also help you to calculate appropriate sample sizes before you begin your experiment to ensure you can successfully detect a SNP with a low minor allele frequency in your target population. (thermofisher.com)
Put simply, the MAF is the proportion of a given population expected to carry the less frequent (minor) allele for a SNP with the remainder (the majority) of the population carrying the major allele. (thermofisher.com)
If the SNP of interest has a high MAF, the plot should show three distinct clusters from your samples-one for minor allele homozygotes, one for major allele homozygotes, and one for heterozygotes. (thermofisher.com)
In our sample scatterplot, the minor allele is called Allele 2 and the major allele is called Allele 1. (thermofisher.com)

Inbreeding increases the expression of recessive traits due to more heterozygous carriers mating with each other. (varsitytutors.com)
is the homozygous recessive frequency. (varsitytutors.com)
In particular, we find variants that are known to cause diseases with recessive inheritance with significant heterozygous phenotypic effects. (nature.com)
Identifying variants that influence disease risk only in the homozygous state (recessive inheritance) is particularly challenging, as the square of variant frequencies means that the homozygous state is often exceedingly rare. (nature.com)
q = the frequency of the recessive allele in a population. (github.io)
The frequency of genotypes in a population can be represented by p2+2pq+q2= 1, with p2 equal to the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, 2pq equal to the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, and q2 equal to the frequency of the recessive genotype. (github.io)

The subsequent mathematical development also implied that the frequency distribution within the effective gamete-pool was uniform: there were no local perturbations where p and q varied. (wikipedia.org)

An association between allele A carriers and HSIL development ( p = 0.003) was also observed. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients with c.3435CC or c.2677GG genotypes had significantly lower dose-normalized clozapine levels than those who were heterozygous or TT carriers. (univpm.it)

For each single SNP locus, the Hardy-Weinberg theorem is then applied to evaluate whether the observed frequency of samples featured by a biallelic event is lower than randomly expected. (ugent.be)
The two homologous chromosomes contain identical alleles at a given locus . (amboss.com)
The two homologous chromosomes contain different alleles at a given locus . (amboss.com)
Comprised of DNA fragments that represent common alleles at a locus. (ojp.gov)

It is noteworthy that no differences in genotype frequencies of the VDBP polymorphisms were associated with serum VDBP levels or between type 1 diabetic patients and control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)

We specify biological parameter values and equilibrium population sizes. (ethz.ch)
In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals is 0.36. (varsitytutors.com)
The dramatic increase in the frequency of dark moths, and corresponding decrease in the frequency of light moths, in 19th-century England's peppered moth population define the investigative phenomenon. (carolina.com)
They compare calculated Hardy-Weinberg frequencies for a population in genetic equilibrium with the observed frequencies of their model. (carolina.com)
Genotype imputation is a method that allows for inferring the missing marker genotypes from individuals genotyped with low and medium density (LD) panels by using information from a reference population genotyped with high-density panels [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusion: If observed and expected genotype frequencies are significantly different, the population is out of HWE. (github.io)
3. A population will not exist in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if (a) there is no migration (b) the population is large (c) individuals mate selectively (d) there are no mutations. (recruitmenttopper.com)
6. In a population of 1000 individuals 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. (recruitmenttopper.com)
10. The tendency of population to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by (a) lack of mutations (b) lack of random mating (c) random mating (d) lack of migration. (recruitmenttopper.com)
Genetically, this phenomenon is characterized by an increase in allele frequencies in a population as a direct result of the selection effects caused by pesticides ( Braga and Valle, 2007a ). (geneticsmr.com)
Population genetics studies microevolution by measuring changes in a population's allele frequencies over time. (openstax.org)
If these frequencies do not change over time, the population is said to be in Hardy-Weinberg principle of equilibrium -a stable, non-evolving state. (openstax.org)
Sometimes allele frequencies within a population change randomly with no advantage to the population over existing allele frequencies. (openstax.org)
An event that initiates an allele frequency change in an isolated part of the population, which is not typical of the original population, is called the founder effect . (openstax.org)
Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium allow us to measure microevolutionary shifts in a population when one or more of the Hardy-Weinberg parameters change. (openstax.org)
In a population of 250 individuals , there will be a total of 500 gene copies (all individuals carry two alleles of a gene ). (amboss.com)
In some embodiments, the high frequency is defined as when translocation-bearing versions of chromosomes make up greater than about 90% of the total chromosomes in a population as compared to wild type versions of the chromosomes involved in generating the translocation. (justia.com)
In some embodiments, the chromosomal translocation spreads to a high frequency within the wild population. (justia.com)
The MAF measures the frequency of the less-frequent allele in a given population. (thermofisher.com)
Assuming you are sampling a large population with no natural selection or mutations and the SNP resides on an autosomal chromosome, SNP genotyping data should follow the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a distribution equation that describes the allele frequencies in a population, and therefore the clusters in an AD scatterplot. (thermofisher.com)
The allele frequency was 3.5% in the normal Tunisian population. (who.int)
The subjects were un- ers of the factor V 1691A allele have been related to the patients and were taken to shown to have an increased risk for venous represent the general Tunisian population. (who.int)
The studied population was in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. (ijlr.org)

Investigate several generations of moths to apply the Hardy-Weinberg principle and demonstrate the concept of genetic equilibrium. (carolina.com)
What part of the Hardy Weinberg formula is used to determine the allele frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes (AA)? (github.io)
However, in case of monoallelic methylation, heterozygous samples will no longer be detected resulting in deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which can be measured. (ugent.be)
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium reflects a state of constancy in a population's gene pool. (openstax.org)

This ensures that coincidental occurrences do not drastically alter allelic frequencies. (varsitytutors.com)

Allelic and genotypic frequencies of NOD2/CARD15 variations were calculated in patients and matched with those of 25 healthy controls. (biomedcentral.com)
CI = 1.2-13.5) but not for genotypic frequencies. (biomedcentral.com)

In summary, this meta-analysis shows that the mutant genotypes of miRNA -146a rs2910164 and miRNA -196a2 rs11614913 are associated with a reduced risk of cervical cancer. (researchsquare.com)

Allele and haplotype analysis also did not disclose any significant difference regarding mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
In the haplotype analysis, the T-G-C haplotype composed of all three risk alleles was significantly overrepresented in XFS and conferred an 11.36 fold (95% CI=5.97-23.49) increased likelihood of XFS. (molvis.org)

Allele 1 homozygotes (Allele 1/Allele 1) are clustered in red in the bottom right corner, Allele 2 homozygotes (Allele 2/Allele 2) are clustered in dark blue in the top left corner, and heterozygotes (Allele 1/Allele 2) are clustered in green in the middle of the plot. (thermofisher.com)
In this example, there are 40 experimental samples in total, including eighteen Allele 1 homozygotes, six Allele 2 homozygotes, and sixteen heterozygotes. (thermofisher.com)
Allele 1 homozygotes are clustered in red in the bottom right corner. (thermofisher.com)
Allele 2 homozygotes are clustered in dark blue in the top left corner. (thermofisher.com)

To avoid potential confounding by sample-to-sample differences in the quality and yield of RNA preparations, or by interindividual differences in trans -acting factors that influence the expression of CYP2A13 , we determined the relative expression of variant and wild-type (WT) CYP2A13 alleles in RNA samples from heterozygotes. (aspetjournals.org)

CONCLUSION: c.3435CC patients require higher clozapine doses to achieve the same plasma concentrations as CT or TT patients, and ABCB1 genotyping should be considered as a novel strategy that should improve drug use. (univpm.it)

All homologous chromosome pairs contain two variant forms of the same gene , called " alleles ," which are passed down from parent to offspring. (amboss.com)

Due to the continuous distribution of phenotypic values, quantitative genetics must employ many other statistical methods (such as the effect size, the mean and the variance) to link phenotypes (attributes) to genotypes. (wikipedia.org)
We find associations for homozygous genotypes across a broad spectrum of phenotypes, including known associations with retinal dystrophy and novel associations with adult-onset cataract and female infertility. (nature.com)
Genotype frequencies of each SNP were compared according to the XFS phenotypes. (molvis.org)

The frequency of the Greenlandic founder mutation in BRCA1 was as expected higher in cases than in controls. (biomedcentral.com)

and therefore it is "-a" from that same midpoint to the "lesser" homozygote genotype. (wikipedia.org)

The mechanism that has carried the derived inversion haplotypes to such high allele frequencies remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)

In this second equation, each term refers to the frequency of a given genotype. (varsitytutors.com)
In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa. (github.io)

Genotype imputation has been used to increase genomic information, allow more animals in genome-wide analyses, and reduce genotyping costs. (biomedcentral.com)

The All of Us genomic data includes short read whole genome sequencing (srWGS) data, long read whole genome sequencing (lrWGS) data, and microarray genotyping array ("array") data. (researchallofus.org)

The analysis also showed differences in genotype distribution depending on race distance. (biomedcentral.com)

When we examine ACE genotype frequencies according to the clinical characteristics there was a statistically significant association between DD genotype and ocular involvement (p=0.04) also sacroiliac joint involvement (p=0.03). (molvis.org)

The data set contained 400 animals (born between 1999 and 2005) genotyped with the Illumina BovineHD panel. (biomedcentral.com)
From all available data, the estimated allele frequency of G6PDd Med in the Pasthun is 8.8% (95% credible interval, 7.5-10.2). (tropmedres.ac)

In addition, SNP analysis of a second sample set of banked DNA samples from 1,502 type 1 diabetic patients and 1,880 control subjects also was used to determine genotype frequencies. (diabetesjournals.org)
Saudi subjects (294) were genotyped for APOE gene using APOE StripAssay kit. (hindawi.com)
Epidemiological studies investigating the potential protective effect of G6PD deficiency against malaria have yielded conflicting results.MethodsG6PDd Med genotyping was performed in Pashtun patients in Afghanistan with acute Plasmodium vivax malaria and Pashtun subjects attending the same study centres with unrelated conditions or for routine vaccinations. (tropmedres.ac)
Methods The study was performed in subjects with forced expiratory volume in one second at least 70% of predicted who took part in the multicentre European Community Respiratory Health Survey, had bronchial responsiveness assessed by methacholine challenge and had been genotyped for GSTM1 , GSTT1 and GSTP1 -rs1695. (bmj.com)
Conclusions Increased bronchial responsiveness was associated with gas cooking among subjects with the GSTM1 null genotype. (bmj.com)

At the rs3825942, the G allele (OR=12.50, 95% CI=2.94-50.0) was a risk allele for XFS, which was similar to results from most other ethnic groups except black South Africans in whom the A allele increased the risk. (molvis.org)
Our results suggest the existence of sex-genotype interaction which is clinically relevant for women suffering from depression. (ismrm.org)
Methods: We examined the frequency of (1) diabetes testing and (2) elevated test results among youth aged 10-19 years with at least one BMI measurement in an EHR from 2019 to 2021. (cdc.gov)
We examined the presence of hemoglobin A1C (A1C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), or oral glucose tolerance test (2-hour plasma glucose [2-hrPG]) results and, among those tested, the frequency of elevated values (A1C 6.5%, FPG 126mg/dL, or 2-hrPG 200mg/dL). (cdc.gov)

Here, we examined whether serum levels or genotypes of the vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), a molecule key to the biologic actions of vitamin D, specifically associate with the disorder. (diabetesjournals.org)
The rare G allele of +45T>G occurred more frequently than the common T allele in T2DM patients compared with controls, and was associated with lower serum adiponectin levels. (who.int)

In a study of 259 patients with ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, prognosis was less favorable in patients harboring the allele Ile164 relative to patients harboring the allele Thr164. (biomedcentral.com)
In patients harboring alleles Gly16 and Glu27, previoulsy associated with increased down regulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors, a statistically significant difference relative to prognosis has not been demonstrated. (biomedcentral.com)
The frequencies of alleles ε 2, ε 4, and genotypes ε 3/ ε 4 and ε 3/ ε 2 were significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared with those in controls. (hindawi.com)
The frequency of ε 3 allele and ε 3/ ε 3 genotype was significantly lower in patients. (hindawi.com)
Guided by past literature, we examined the effect of COMT genotype on white matter integrity in the amygdala, hippocampus and parahippocampus in depressed patients along with healthy controls. (ismrm.org)
There was no significant difference in allele and genotype frequencies of +276G>T between type T2DM patients and controls. (who.int)
Nous avons génotypé les deux polymorphismes mononucléotidiques du gène ADIPOQ chez 140 patients atteints de DNID sans lien de parenté et 66 témoins non diabétiques en recourant à l'analyse du polymorphisme de longueur des fragments de restriction par réaction en chaîne de polymérase. (who.int)
Three mutations (H590R, E602K and T605T) were found in the heterozygous form only in colon cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Remember that we studied genotypes and allele frequencies when we explored inheritance patterns proposed by Mendel. (openstax.org)

All individuals were genotyped with the Illumina HumanHap300 array with 317,503 SNP markers. (biomedcentral.com)
In heterokaryotypic individuals (those that are heterozygous for an inversion) recombination within the inverted region is largely suppressed, either because homologous pairing is partially inhibited or because crossovers give rise to unbalanced gametes (carrying deletions or duplications) which will lead to the death of the zygote [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that 109 individuals (31.0%) were homozygous for Val/Val, 102 (29.0%) were heterozygous for Val/Ile, and 138 (40.0%) were homozygous for Ile/Ile. (geneticsmr.com)

In other words, allele frequencies remain stable from generation to generation if certain conditions are met: no mutations, no gene flow, random mating, no genetic drift, and no selection. (openstax.org)

The protective effect in heterozygous females is 0.78 (95% CI, 1.09-0.53) of that observed in hemizygous males and homozygous females.InterpretationThe G6PD Mediterranean genotype confers a very large and gene dose proportional protective effect against vivax malaria. (tropmedres.ac)

Effect modification by genotype on the association between the use of gas for cooking and bronchial responsiveness was assessed within each participating country, and estimates combined using meta-analysis. (bmj.com)
The SNP alleles are included in brackets, where the order of the alleles corresponds to the association with probe reporter dyes, where [Allele 1 = VIC™ dye / Allele 2 = FAM™ dye]. (thermofisher.com)

2 A population's gene pool is the sum of all the alleles. (openstax.org)

Per copy frequency of T allele (Val) was found to be 0.14 in cases versus 0.19 in controls (p (scirp.org)

APOE alleles ε 2, ε 4, and genotypes ε 2/ ε 3 and ε 4/ ε 3 are associated with psoriasis and can be a risk factor while allele ε 3 and genotype ε 3/ ε 3 may be protective for psoriasis in Saudis. (hindawi.com)
In heterozygous females the estimated protective effect was 56% (95% C.I. 40-69). (tropmedres.ac)

6 eligible studies, totaling 1301 cases and 1217 controls on G2258A genotypes, and 8 studies, totaling 2175 cases and 2069 controls on T597C genotypes, were included in the analysis. (cdc.gov)

Failure to detect an allele within a sample or failure to amplify an allele during PCR. (ojp.gov)

This has been previously shown in Finland through an excess of potentially deleterious probable loss-of-function (pLoF) variants at lower to intermediate frequencies (around 0.5%-5%) 3 , 14 . (nature.com)

The gene effects (above) provide the framework for quantities: and the frequencies of the contrasting alleles in the fertilization gamete-pool provide the information on occurrences. (wikipedia.org)

Because these conditions are rarely met, allele frequencies are typically changing, reflecting evolution. (openstax.org)
Each individual typically has a consistent pattern for crisis frequency. (medscape.com)

This is the "allele" effect mentioned above. (wikipedia.org)
No effect modification by GSTT1 or GSTP1 -rs1695 genotypes was observed. (bmj.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms11

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment54

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes96

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science7

Named Groups5

Health Care26

Geographicals7

SNPs11

Single nucleotide po1

Polymorphism12

Loci3

Phenotype5

Higher allele2

Homozygous and heterozygous1

Populations14

Dominant allele3

Minor allele5

Recessive6

Implied that the fre1

Carriers2

Locus4

Polymorphisms1

Population23

Hardy-Weinberg4

Allelic frequencies1

Genotypic frequencies2

Mutant1

Haplotype analysis2

Homozygotes4

Heterozygotes1

Conclusion1

Variant1

Phenotypes3

Mutation1

Homozygote1

Haplotypes1

Equation2

Analyses1

Genome1

Differences1

0.041

Data2

Subjects5

RESULTS4

Serum2

Patients8

Inheritance1

Individuals3

Mutations1

Mediterranean1

Association2

Gene pool1

Found1

Protective2

Analysis1

Detect1

Intermediate1

Occurrences1

Typically2

Effect2