Equation tidal volume. Medical search. Frequent questions

The driving force for diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar-capillary membrane can best be understood by the alveolar gas equation. (musculoskeletalkey.com)

Key elements of a lung-protective strategy are the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), limitation of plateau pressure, and a minimal tidal volume scaled to a 'predicted', rather than actual, body weight. (biomedcentral.com)
The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the volume of gas that can be maximally exhaled from the end-expiratory level during tidal breathing ( i.e. from the FRC). (ersjournals.com)
Alveolar hypoventilation in COPD usually does not occur unless the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) is less than 1L or 30% of the predicted value. (medscape.com)
based on inspiratory, tidal, expiratory reserve and residual volume that have been measured through spirometry. (mdapp.co)
A recent study by the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network compared the traditional lower end-expiratory pressure strategy with a higher end-expiratory pressure strategy in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome ventilated with low tidal volumes. (atsjournals.org)
The ARDS Network Assessment of Low Tidal Volume and Elevated End-Expiratory Lung Volume to Obviate Lung Injury (ALVEOLI) study was designed to validate these results in a larger clinical study ( 8 ). (atsjournals.org)
For the effectiveness of lung protection, any higher PEEP approach should increase the end-expiratory lung volume through alveolar recruitment, avoiding lung overinflation ( 9 ). (atsjournals.org)
Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures were performed from residual volume and total lung capacity, respectively. (bvsalud.org)

and (3) to establish regression equations for manufacturers and test laboratories to estimate work of breathing measurements using breathing resistance data. (cdc.gov)

Using reference equations for predicting view. (who.int)

Tidal stream is caused by the flood and ebb of a tide due to the gravitational pull of the moon. (scirp.org)
As a tide is the vertical movement of water, the tidal barrage generator exploits this natural rise and fall of tidal waters caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
In addition to the masses of inspiralling neutron stars, the tidal deformability, which depends on the inner structures of neutron stars, has been estimated from gravitational waves. (ewha.ac.kr)
In this article, we review the effect of the tidal deformability of neutron stars on the gravitational waves produced during the inspiral process and discuss the implications of the detected tidal deformability for the neutron star's equations of state. (ewha.ac.kr)

The slopes obtained from plotting minute ventilation, respiratory frequency, and tidal volume against the corresponding levels of end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide were used as the indices of the respiratory responsiveness to carbon dioxide. (silverchair.com)

A tidal bore is a natural hydraulic phenomenon normally formed in funnel-shaped estuaries with large tidal ranges. (bioone.org)
An Unstructured Grid, Finite-Volume, Three-Dimensional, Primitive Equations Ocean Model: Application to Coastal Ocean and Estuaries, J. Atmos. (copernicus.org)
Theoretical predictions compare well with observations from typical examples of shallow, "funnel‐shaped" tidal estuaries. (wm.edu)
The effect of this sloping gradient is to funnelling the water into the estuaries, lagoons, river inlets and other such tidal "bottlenecks" along the coastline. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
This increase in the sea level can create a tidal range of over ten metres in height in some estuaries and locations which can be exploited to generate electricity. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)

Munk, W. H., 1997: Once again: Once again-Tidal friction. (ametsoc.org)
A scaling of the governing equations appropriate to these channels indicates that at first order, gradients in cross‐sectional area dominate velocity gradients in the continuity equation and the friction term dominates acceleration in the momentum equation. (wm.edu)
The spectral task on the eigen oscillations of the Arctic Ocean level was solved using numerical integration of tidal Laplace equations without friction as the non-stationary boundary-value problem. (dtic.mil)

Since the past one decade, many research efforts have been carried out to develop high-efficiency tidal current turbine. (scirp.org)
Fixed within these tunnels are huge tidal turbine generators that spin as the sea water rushes past them either to fill or empty the tidal reservoir thereby generating electricity. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
The flow field characteristics in the wake of an isolated tidal turbine and tidal turbine arrays of up to four devices is investigated by numerical simulations solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equation in the Open Source OpenFOAM CFD solver to make use of the significantly increased availability of computational resources and multi-core processing. (strath.ac.uk)
Transient simulations utilizing the k - ω SST turbulence closure model were used in combination with a dynamic mesh interface to account for the rotation of the three bladed tidal turbine at constant tip speed ratio, the applicability of dynamic mesh simulations for the investigation of array wakes has been shown. (strath.ac.uk)
The velocity and turbulence characteristics are compared to experiments previously conducted with a number of small scale tidal turbine devices arranged in staggered array formations and tested within a low ambient turbulence circulating water channel. (strath.ac.uk)
Nuernberg, M & Tao, L 2018, ' Three dimensional tidal turbine array simulations using OpenFOAM with dynamic mesh ', Ocean Engineering , vol. 147, pp. 629-646. (strath.ac.uk)

Inspired and expired lung volumes measured by spirometry are useful for detecting, characterising and quantifying the severity of lung disease. (ersjournals.com)

The Bohr equation is used to quantify the ratio of physiological dead space to the total tidal volume, and gives an indication of the extent of wasted ventilation. (wikipedia.org)

Another possible issue is that, although the Alcubierre metric is consistent with Einstein's equations, general relativity does not incorporate quantum mechanics . (wikipedia.org)
No known law of physics can describe an object of 21 solar masses, contained in a volume of 100 km, without leading to the conclusion that it is a black hole described by the equations of general relativity of Einstein. (nimblespirit.com)

Crawford, W. R., J. Y. Cherniawsky, P. F. Cummins, and M. G. G. Foreman, 1998: Variability of tidal currents in a wide strait: A comparison between drifter observations and numerical simulation. (ametsoc.org)
Jung, H. , Kanemoto, T. and Liu, P. (2017) A Numerical Prediction of Tip Vortices from Tandem Propellers in the Counter-Rotating Type Tidal Stream Power Unit. (scirp.org)
Although not guarenteed in the numerical scheme, the volume conservation is good. (vims.edu)
In this paper, a mesh-free numerical method known as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used to implement a numerical model capable of handling complex free-surface flows and solve the Navier-Stokes equations with a large-eddy simulation. (bioone.org)
A tidal bore generation scheme suited for a mesh-free numerical method is also proposed based on the SPH open boundary technique. (bioone.org)
The numerical results represent the evolutionary processes and hydrodynamic characteristics of tidal bores ranging from weak to strong intensities. (bioone.org)

Measurements of absolute lung volumes, residual volume (RV), functional residual capacity (FRC) and total lung capacity (TLC) are technically more challenging, which limits their use in clinical practice. (ersjournals.com)
The "residual volume" is the air left in the lungs following a maximal expiration. (veteriankey.com)
The "total lung capacity" is the lung volume following the greatest possible inspiratory effort (vital capacity and residual volume). (veteriankey.com)

Simple first‐ and second‐order analytic solutions, which diverge markedly from classical views of cooscillating tides, are derived for tidal propagation in strongly convergent channels. (wm.edu)
Tidal barrage generation using the tides is very similar to hydroelectric generation, except the water flows in two directions rather than just one. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
On incoming high tides, the water flows in one direction and fills up the tidal reservoir with sea water. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
The tidal energy extracted from these tides is potential energy as the tide moves in a vertical up-down direction between a low and a high tide and back to a low creating a height or head differential. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)
Ice induced variability of tides in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, including Baffin Bay and Hudson Strait/Hudson Bay system, was studied by means of a new high resolution tidal model. (tudelft.nl)

G. D. Egbert, P. F. Worcester, B. D. Cornuelle, B. M. Howe, and K. Metzger, 1997: A TOPEX/Poseidon global tidal model (TPX0.2) and barotropic tidal currents determined from long-range acoustic transmissions. (ametsoc.org)
Luyten, J. R., and H. M. Stommel, 1991: Comparison of M 2 tidal currents observed by some deep moored current meters with those of the Schwiderski and Laplace models. (ametsoc.org)
Non-linear tidal dynamics can produce prominent time-mean transport in coastal regions where strong tidal currents interact with topography. (copernicus.org)

Daf2] C.M. Dafermos , Hyperbolic systems of conservation laws , "Systems of nonlinear partial differential equations", J. Ball (ed. (numdam.org)
Isoflurane concentration and partial pressure in end-tidal gas, femoral arterial blood, and jugular venous blood were measured simultaneously just before each tail clamping and during washout. (asahq.org)

Equation uses cardiac output (CO) in liters per minute ( L /min), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) in mg/L, oxygen saturation of arterial blood (SaO 2 ) and oxygen saturation of mixed venous blood (SvO 2 ). (andeal.org)

The benefits of higher or lower tidal volume, PEEP, and other settings are highly debated and no consensus has been reached. (biomedcentral.com)

Formation of tidal starting-jet vortices through idealized barotropic inlets with finite length, Environ. (copernicus.org)

For relatively short and simple cases performed on low-risk surgical patients, the only monitoring required may be noninvasive BP monitoring, heart rate (HR) monitoring, and end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO 2 ) monitoring. (medscape.com)

on lung volumes has also been shown. (who.int)
In contrast to the relative simplicity of spirometric volumes, a variety of disparate techniques have been developed for the measurement of absolute lung volumes. (ersjournals.com)
In contrast, lung volumes derived from conventional chest radiographs are usually based on the volumes within the outlines of the thoracic cage, and include the volume of tissue (normal and abnormal), as well as the lung gas volume. (ersjournals.com)
Lung volumes derived from computed tomography (CT) scans can include estimates of abnormal lung tissue volumes, in addition to normal lung tissue volumes and the volume of gas within the lungs. (ersjournals.com)
Static lung volumes and capacities based on a volume-time spirogram of an inspiratory vital capacity (IVC). (ersjournals.com)
Body plethysmography is a fundamental method for the assessment of static lung volumes. (bvsalud.org)
Uses lung volumes to determine vital, inspiratory and functional residual capacity. (mdapp.co)
Restrictive pulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis or pneumothorax, decrease lung volumes therefore decrease pulmonary capacity. (mdapp.co)
Pathological increases in lung volumes are observed in obstructive pulmonary diseases, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (mdapp.co)
What is the clinical value of lung volumes? (mdapp.co)
3. Jones RL, Nzekwu MM. The effects of body mass index on lung volumes . (mdapp.co)

S. R. Lee, and H. J. Lie, 1998: Fine grid tidal modeling of the Yellow and East China Seas. (ametsoc.org)
and C. Wunsch, 1998: Abyssal recipes II: Energetics of tidal and wind mixing. (ametsoc.org)

Particle transport through a narrow tidal inlet due to tidal forcing and implications for larval transport, J. Geophys. (copernicus.org)
A Tidal Barrage is a type of tidal power generation scheme that involves the construction of a fairly low walled dam, known as a "tidal barrage" and hence its name, spanning across the entrance of a tidal inlet, basin or estuary creating a single enclosed tidal reservoir, similar in many respects to a hydroelectric impoundment reservoir. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)

RV refers to the volume of gas remaining in the lung after maximal exhalation (regardless of the lung volume at which exhalation was started). (ersjournals.com)

A tidal barrage generation scheme exploits this head differential to generate electricity by creating a difference in the water levels either side of a dam and then passing this water difference through the turbines. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)

The Bohr equation, named after Danish physician Christian Bohr (1855-1911), describes the amount of physiological dead space in a person's lungs. (wikipedia.org)
Optimal V/Q matching occurs when the ratio of the volume of gas to the volume of blood entering the lungs approximates 1. (medscape.com)
Thus, simple mathematical equations determine time constant of lungs, pressure gradient, and inspiratory time. (medscape.com)
The term "lung volume" usually refers to the volume of gas within the lungs, as measured by body plethysmography, gas dilution or washout. (ersjournals.com)
TLC refers to the volume of gas in the lungs after maximal inspiration, or the sum of all volume compartments. (ersjournals.com)

Compact solutions for second‐order tidal harmonics quantify the partially canceling effects of (1) time variations in channel depth, which slow the propagation of low water, and (2) time variations in channel width, which slow the propagation of high water. (wm.edu)

Pivotal to that strategy were both prevention of tidal alveolar overstretch and limitation of tidal alveolar excursions. (atsjournals.org)

Factors including minute volume, underlying etiology, medications, and existing conditions impact the overall EtCO 2 value in cardiac arrest, but the trend remains useful. (flightbridgeed.com)

Evaluation of additional results from RPD testing showed tidal volume and frequency determined compliance. (cdc.gov)

However, tidal volume (V T ) and functional residual capacity ( FRC ) can be measured in awake animals. (veteriankey.com)

Unique tandem propellers that can counter-rotate have been designed to generate electric power effectively from a tidal stream. (scirp.org)

Normal respiratory volumes ( Figure 2.2 ) can be affected in anesthetized/sedated patients or in patients with altered physiology (i.e., pregnancy, disease, etc. (veteriankey.com)
Many respiratory volumes are not measured clinically. (veteriankey.com)

Therefore, by calculating initial tidal volume based on predicted (or lean) body weight rather than actual weight, configuration of the ventilator retains some connection to metabolic need (weight), while also reducing potential for volutrauma (height). (biomedcentral.com)
The ventilator generates the instantaneous rate and tidal volume of gas flow from the ventilator to the patient by using the equation of motion of the respiratory system. (criticalcarenow.com)
The ventilator generates enough flow to unload the resistive burden and volume to unload the elastic burden. (criticalcarenow.com)
Besides tidal alveolar overstretch, tidal alveolar recruiting/derecruiting has also been implicated in ventilator-induced lung injury ( 3 , 4 ). (atsjournals.org)

The generation and evolution of dipole substructures in breaking tidal bores are also discussed. (bioone.org)

Although the metric proposed by Alcubierre is consistent with the Einstein field equations, construction of such a drive is not necessarily possible. (wikipedia.org)

Finite amplitude effects, velocity gradients due to wave propagation, and local acceleration enter the equations at second order. (wm.edu)
If acceleration or deceleration is assumed constant, then the curve fitted is described by a quadratic equation. (vims.edu)
The linear trend, shown in green, indicates how quickly sea level would rise at this tidal station with no acceleration in the rise rate (our analysis suggests this is not the case). (vims.edu)

One of the forms of ocean energy, tidal stream power is widely recognized as the continuous, predictable and eco-friendly ocean energy source. (scirp.org)
Among many renewable energy sources, tidal stream energy is continuous, predictable and eco-friendly ocean energy. (scirp.org)
Represented in light blue, the Monthly Mean Sea Level (MMSL) shows the height of the water at this tidal gauge averaged over a calendar month of measurements corrected by removing predictable tidal variations. (vims.edu)

A Tidal Barrage Flood Generation uses the energy of an incoming rising tide as it moves towards the land. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)

Relations between circles joined by solid lines are described by simple mathematical equations. (medscape.com)

Because this cost is directly proportional to the distance of borrow sources from the project area, the cost-effectiveness of barrier island restoration and marsh creation depends on locating sufficient sediment volumes that are suitable for placement on beaches and dunes and for creating marshes. (bioone.org)
By studying the bed shear stresses and depth-averaged vorticities of the tidal bores, it can be concluded that the sediment incipience intensity grows nonlinearly in the second order with an increase in the tidal bore intensity, while the sediment transportation intensity grows linearly. (bioone.org)

The role of lung volume measurements in the assessment of disease severity, functional disability, course of disease and response to treatment remains to be determined in infants, as well as in children and adults. (ersjournals.com)
6 , adequate assessment of pulmonary function, and studied 235 subjects between 7 and 17 years, of can be performed in healthy individuals of both sexes, and provided predicted equations for different ages, or in individuals with disorders of MIP and MEP considering the independent different origins3.4. (bvsalud.org)

Now, various pilot test turbines have been developed and a number of projects are underway for commercialization in the coastal areas of UK and Europe, which have abundant tidal current energy resources. (scirp.org)

It uses a semi-implicit finite-element Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm to solve the Navier-Stokes equations (in either hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic form), written to realistically address a wide range of physical processes and of atmospheric, ocean and river forcings. (vims.edu)
This paper discusses the discretization methods that have been commonly employed to solve the wave action balance equation, and that have gained a renewed interest with the widespread use of unstructured grids for third-generation spectral wind-wave models. (tudelft.nl)

The tidal stream power unit is placed in the path of tidal stream to generate electricity, which generates electricity by converting the horizontal tidal current flow into the rotational motion using propeller and generator. (scirp.org)

EMS providers commonly use end-tidal CO 2 values as an adjunct to cardiac arrest and airway management. (flightbridgeed.com)

Tidal volume refers to the air volume inspired or expired during a normal breath. (veteriankey.com)
For the purpose of this review, dosimetry refers to estimating or mea- suring the amount (mass, or number, surface area, volume, etc.) of PSP at specific target sites at a particular point in time. (cdc.gov)

An increase in H + drives the equation to the right and generates CO 2 . (msdmanuals.com)

End-tidal capnography in clinical practice originated in the field of anesthesia around the 1950s but has also become established in the pre-hospital setting. (flightbridgeed.com)

[1] [2] Proposed by theoretical physicist Miguel Alcubierre in 1994, the Alcubierre drive is based on a solution of Einstein's field equations . (wikipedia.org)

Finally, it is suggested that phase speed, along‐channel amplitude growth, and tidal harmonics in strongly convergent channels are all linked by morphodynamic feedback. (wm.edu)

The maximum volume of gas that can be inspired from FRC is referred to as the inspiratory capacity (IC). (ersjournals.com)

Water and Sodium Balance Body fluid volume and electrolyte concentration are normally maintained within very narrow limits despite wide variations in dietary intake, metabolic activity, and environmental stresses. (msdmanuals.com)

On the other hand, with PAV there is no set target, flow, volume, or pressure which allows the patient to determine their own rate, volume, and timing of each breath controlling their own ventilatory pattern. (criticalcarenow.com)
Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air breathed in with each normal breath. (ceeplaser.org)

Nevertheless, in particular circumstances, measurements of lung volume are strictly necessary for a correct physiological diagnosis 1 . (ersjournals.com)

Water levels and flow velocities change rapidly in both magnitude and direction when a tidal bore arrives. (bioone.org)
PAV provides flow and volume assistance. (criticalcarenow.com)

The study emphasizes the importance of non-linear tidal dynamics for time-mean transport in complex coastal regions. (copernicus.org)
Tidal dynamics in the Gulf of Maine and New England Shelf: An application of FVCOM, J. Geophys. (copernicus.org)

At the design of the tidal stream power unit, it is important to investigate the structure of the tip vortex tubes shedding to predict the load of the propeller. (scirp.org)
The purpose of this research is to investigate the performance of the single and the counter-rotating tidal stream power unit using the CFD method and to estimate the tip vortex structure using the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier- Stokes) model. (scirp.org)
We investigate tidal-induced transport using a tidally driven ocean model for Lofoten-Vesterålen in northern Norway and find that both tidal pumping and tidal rectification can play an important role for time-mean transport in the region. (copernicus.org)

The volume of air which is circulated through inhalation and expiration during one normal respiration. (mdapp.co)

This is given as a ratio of dead space to tidal volume. (wikipedia.org)
This states that all of the CO2 expired comes from two regions, the dead space volume and the alveolar volume. (wikipedia.org)
Anatomic dead space is the volume of the conducting airways. (wikidoc.org)

Historically, mechanical ventilation was initiated with a tidal volume based on a patient's actual body weight, which was believed to reflect metabolic need. (biomedcentral.com)

The vital capacity (VC) is the volume change at the mouth between the positions of full inspiration and complete expiration. (ersjournals.com)

The water which flows into and out of these underwater tunnels carries enormous amounts of kinetic energy and the job of the tidal barrage is to extract as much of this energy as possible which it uses to produce electricity. (alternative-energy-tutorials.com)

Equation uses weight (W) in kilograms (kg) and height (H) in centimeters (cm). (andeal.org)
Equations use weight in kilograms (kg), height in centimeters (cm). (andeal.org)
The site offers its users a choice of tidal datums-a base elevation used as a reference from which to reckon the tidal height. (vims.edu)

However, the tidal volume increases to support the ventilation requirement. (mdapp.co)

Anatomy16

Organisms5

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment94

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care18

Alveolar Gas Equa1

Expiratory8

Regression equations1

Reference equations1

Gravitational4

Minute ventilation1

Estuaries5

Friction3

Turbine6

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General relativity2

Numerical6

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Tides5

Currents3

Partial2

Arterial1

PEEP1

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Carbon1

Lung volumes11

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Inlet2

Exhalation1

Generation scheme1

LUNGS5

Quantify1

Limitation1

EtCO1

Frequency1

Functional residual1

Designed to generate1

Respiratory volumes2

Ventilator4

Dipole1

Einstein1

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Variations1

Breath2

Physiological1

Flow2

Dynamics2

Investigate3

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Dead space3

Mechanical1

Inspiration1

Flows1

Height3

Increases1