CavityCavitiesOlfactory mucosaEpithelial cellsMucosalCiliated pseudostratifiedSeptumInflammationSquamousSinusesHuman nasal epithelialCystic FibrosisNasopharyngealTurbinatesIntestinalSinonasalIrrigationAirwaysACE2DischargeSoft palatePosteriorBronchialOccurMucusTurbinateVestibuleSpecimensBuccalBasalAirwayAlveolarSprayProtectsCellsCiliaryMembraneNoseSinusInfectionPharynxOralChamberPathogensVivoObstructionStructures
Cavity43
- Patients usually complain of nasal obstruction despite the roomy nasal cavity, which can be caused either by the obstruction produced by the discharge in the nose, or as a result of sensory loss due to atrophy of nerves in the nose, so the patient is unaware of the air flow. (wikipedia.org)
- They are centered on the nasal cavity and have various functions, including lightening the weight of the head, humidifying and heating inhaled air, increasing the resonance of speech, and serving as a crumple zone to protect vital structures in the event of facial trauma . (medscape.com)
- This development places the floor of the sinus well below the floor of the nasal cavity. (medscape.com)
- It arises not from an outpouching of the nasal cavity but from the nasal embryonic lining. (medscape.com)
- The role of the nasal cavity is to humidify and warm the inspired air. (nih.gov)
- Also, as the air passes through, the nasal cavity removes minute airborne particles and other debris before the air reaches the lower airways. (nih.gov)
- Columnar epithelium lines the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- The nasal cavity also functions to facilitate drainage for the secretions from the adjacent paranasal sinuses. (nih.gov)
- It also captures the odor bearing particles and transmits them to the olfactory recesses, that are in the superior portion of the nasal cavity, just medial to the superior turbinates. (nih.gov)
- Air containing mucosal lined sinuses surround the nasal cavity, which includes the frontal, paired maxillary, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses. (nih.gov)
- These cavities directly communicate with the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- The secretions from these sinuses drain into the nasal cavity via the thin-walled ostia. (nih.gov)
- Like the nasal cavity, the wall lining of the sinuses also secretes mucus. (nih.gov)
- The hard palate lines the floor of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- The nasal cavity is the most cephalic part of the respiratory tract. (nih.gov)
- All of these paranasal sinuses, except the sphenoid, communicate with the nasal cavity via ducts that drain through ostia, which empty into spaces located on the lateral wall. (nih.gov)
- Having a fundamental knowledge of the anatomy of the nasal cavity is vital in understanding its functions. (nih.gov)
- Covered in respiratory epithelium and mucous cells, this is the most substantial part of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- As air traverses through the nasal cavity, it warms to body temperature and reaches near one hundred percent humidity. (nih.gov)
- Under normal conditions, this tissue is continuously stimulated by sympathetic signals via the superior cervical ganglia to keep the nasal cavity uncongested. (nih.gov)
- Particles that get past the nasal vestibule then become trapped in the mucosa of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- The mucus of the nasal cavity forms a protective barrier to inhaled pathogens. (nih.gov)
- Olfaction requires orthonasal or retronasal airflow to transport odor-bearing particles up to the olfactory epithelium located at the apex of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
- Earlier studies have proved that olfactory lobe of nasal cavity has a potential to deliver the drug directly to brain bypassing Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). (ijpsonline.com)
- However, the problem associated with nasal drug delivery is lower penetrability of drug through nasal mucosa and drainage of formulation into oral cavity. (ijpsonline.com)
- having more residence time in nasal cavity and improving permeability through nasal mucosa would be highly beneficial. (ijpsonline.com)
- opening containing nasal passages that allows outside air to flow into the nasal cavity. (vintagechicsresale.net)
- cavity divided by the nasal septum into left and right passages. (vintagechicsresale.net)
- a porous extension of the ethmoid bone, which separates the nasal cavity from the brain. (vintagechicsresale.net)
- The palate divides the nasal cavity and the oral cavity, with the hard palate positioned anteriorly and the soft palate posteriorly. (teachmeanatomy.info)
- It forms both the roof of the mouth and the floor of the nasal cavity. (teachmeanatomy.info)
- Superior aspect of palate (nasal cavity) - respiratory epithelium. (teachmeanatomy.info)
- Inferiorly aspect of palate (oral cavity) - oral mucosa, populated by secretory salivary glands . (teachmeanatomy.info)
- The nasolacrimal drainage system serves as a conduit for tear flow from the external eye to the nasal cavity. (medscape.com)
- The sinuses have been perceived as thermal insulators that function to insulate the central nervous system from the cold air currents passing through the nasal cavity [ 7 ]. (springeropen.com)
- They have more than 100 million sensory receptor sites in the nasal cavity compared to 6 million in people, and the area of the canine brain devoted to analyzing odors is about 40 times larger than the comparable part of the human brain. (prideandgroom.com)
- It lines the olfactory cleft of the nasal cavity and forms one of the major components of the olfactory mucosa, with the other being the lamina propria. (prideandgroom.com)
- It's located at the base of the nasal cavity and plays a crucial role in social interactions and reproductive behaviors. (prideandgroom.com)
- Intranasal polyps appear as fleshy, smooth-surfaced, translucent masses in the nasal cavity and usually originate in the superior nasal vault. (patientcareonline.com)
- A mass with smooth surface, arising from the left posterior side of the nasal septum and filling the whole nasopharyngeal cavity, was seen on his endoscopic nasal examination. (biomedcentral.com)
- The conducting portion of the respiratory tract begins at the nose and nasal cavity and extends through the pharynx of the upper respiratory tract and the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and larger bronchioles (airways of the lower respiratory tract). (tiesen.nl)
- To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
- It receives blood from a vein in the nasal cavity, runs backwards, and gradually increases in size as blood drains from veins of the brain and the DURA MATER. (bvsalud.org)
Cavities7
- The nasal cavities become roomy and are filled with foul smelling crusts which are black or dark green and dry, making expiration painful and difficult. (wikipedia.org)
- Narrowing of nasal cavities, submucosal injection of Teflon paste (William's operation), section and medial displacement of the lateral wall of the nose. (wikipedia.org)
- Surrounding the nasal cavities are air-containing mucosal lined sinuses, which include the frontal sinuses (superior anterior), ethmoid sinuses (superior), paired maxillary sinuses (lateral), and sphenoid sinuses (posterior). (nih.gov)
- this in turn results in chronic mucus plugging and inflammation of nasal cavities, trachea and lower airways. (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- specialized type of epithelial tissue in nasal cavities that contains olfactory nerve cells and receptor nerve cells. (vintagechicsresale.net)
- To confirm the regenerative capacity of iPSC-derived AECs, we transplanted them into nasal cavities of nude rats. (bvsalud.org)
- The palate (also known as the 'roof of the mouth'), forms a division between the nasal and oral cavities . (teachmeanatomy.info)
Olfactory mucosa4
- olfactory mucosa was mostly spared. (cdc.gov)
- Ongoing work explores how epithelial cells of the sinuses and olfactory mucosa participate in the immune response and contribute to chronic inflammation. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- We conclude from our study that the CNS can be targeted by airborne solid ultrafine particles and that the most likely mechanism is from deposits on the olfactory mucosa of the nasopha- ryngeal region of the respiratory tract and subsequent translocation via the olfactory nerve. (cdc.gov)
- 20% of the UFP deposited on the olfactory mucosa of the rat can be translocated to the olfactory bulb. (cdc.gov)
Epithelial cells4
- A. Microscopic view of the respiratory mucosa consisting of ciliated epithelial cells (i.e. presence of cilia at their apical surface). (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- epithelium is partially or completely missing with small residues of epithelial cells (EEC) flaking off. (biomedcentral.com)
- Adsorption of C3-related fragments to the cell membrane of cultured nasal epithelial cells was found by flow cytometry analysis to be concentration-dependent. (tau.ac.il)
- In this study, we explored the use of airway epithelial cells (AECs), including multiciliated airway cells, derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) on porcine atelocollagen vitrigel membranes, as a candidate of a therapeutic method for irreversible nasal epithelial disorders. (bvsalud.org)
Mucosal3
- The objective of this study was to develop an atheroprotective vaccine by targeting a peptide of the LDL protein constituent apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) to the nasal mucosa to induce a protective mucosal immune response. (lu.se)
- Methods and Results-A peptide comprising amino acids 3136 to 3155 of apoB-100 (p210) was fused to the B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), which binds to a ganglioside on mucosal epithelia. (lu.se)
- Nasal mucosal inflammation induces remodeling processes within the mucosa characterized by changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition, macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration, and histological structure. (molcells.org)
Ciliated pseudostratified1
- The ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium sweeps particles at a rate of one centimeter per minute into the nasopharynx for further expulsion. (nih.gov)
Septum6
- Extreme deviation of nasal septum may be accompanied by atrophic rhinitis on the wider side. (wikipedia.org)
- It regulates the nasal airflow by controlling the blood volume in the erectile tissue on the inferior turbinate and anterior septum. (nih.gov)
- A transnasal endoscopic examination revealed a mass arising from the nasal septum which was completely removed using an endoscopic approach. (biomedcentral.com)
- Herein, we present a rare case, along with a review of the related literature, in order to emphasize that a benign teratoma of the nasal septum should not be ignored. (biomedcentral.com)
- The mass extended from the posterior nasal septum to the pharyngeal space on the right and the nasal turbine on the left (Figure 1 A and 1B). (biomedcentral.com)
- The olfactory neuroepithelium is located at the upper area of each nasal chamber adjacent to the cribriform plate, superior nasal septum, and superior-lateral nasal wall. (medscape.com)
Inflammation8
- Chronic atrophic rhinitis, or simply atrophic rhinitis, is a chronic inflammation of the nose characterised by atrophy of nasal mucosa, including the glands, turbinate bones and the nerve elements supplying the nose. (wikipedia.org)
- Respiratory tract inflammation, production of mediators of inflammation capable of reaching the brain, systemic circulation of PM, and disruption of the nasal respiratory and olfactory barriers are likely in these populations. (rti.org)
- nusitis, particularly the pathogenesis of nasal polyps, as well as inflammation on the olfactory epithelium. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- The lab creates and employs transgenic mouse models of chronic nasal/sinus inflammation to support research in this area. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Our findings in fresh nasal epithelium suggest that complement activation may occur upon the nasal epithelial cell membrane during inflammation in vivo and that nasal epithelium might regulate this complement activation. (tau.ac.il)
- Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa and tissue remodeling, which can include basal/progenitor cell hyperplasia, goblet cell hyperplasia, squamous cell metaplasia, loss or dysfunction of ciliated cells, and increased matrix deposition. (molcells.org)
- We examined virus distribution and associated inflammation within nasal and periocular tissues during the acute phase of H1N1 IAV infection in ferrets following intranasal or ocular inoculation. (cdc.gov)
- Ocular and intranasal inoculations with IAV caused comparable viral antigen distribution and inflammation in the nasal passages, though infection kinetics and magnitude differed by inoculation route. (cdc.gov)
Squamous8
- The ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal mucosa is replaced by stratified squamous epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
- ACE2 manifestation is high in the basal coating of the squamous epithelium. (icsv20.org)
- Canaliculi are lined by nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium and are surrounded by elastic tissue, which permits dilation to 2 or 3 times the normal diameter. (medscape.com)
- that on the oral side consists of stratified squamous epithelium that is cornified. (veteriankey.com)
- Stratified squamous epithelium, a continuation of that of the hard palate, covers the ventral surface of the soft palate. (veteriankey.com)
- The stratified squamous epithelium does not end at the caudal border but curves around the border and runs rostrally a few millimeters on the dorsal, respiratory surface. (veteriankey.com)
- Structural alterations in the nasal epithelium include goblet cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), epithelial barrier disruption, epithelial exfoliation, and basement membrane thickening. (molcells.org)
- The epithelial component of a benign teratoma usually consists of mature squamous epithelium and immature intestinal or respiratory epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
Sinuses2
- Dysosmia (disagreeable or distorted sense of smell) may occur in patients with infection of the nasal sinuses, partial damage to the olfactory bulbs, or mental depression. (msdmanuals.com)
- Here, we inoculated ferrets with IAV by either intranasal or ocular routes and performed histopathologic assessments of the URT (nasal passages, sinuses, and soft and hard palates) and periocular tissues (conjunctiva, lacrimal glands, and nasolacrimal ducts) through the acute phase of infection, to more clearly identify the dynamic processes involved in virus spread throughout these tissues. (cdc.gov)
Human nasal epithelial1
- Our in vitro cell culture model will allow further investigations of complement activation and regulation upon the human nasal epithelial cell membrane. (tau.ac.il)
Cystic Fibrosis3
- To investigate respiratory epithelial function in cystic fibrosis, we measured the transepithelial electrical potential difference across the upper and lower respiratory mucosa in patients with cystic fibrosis and control subjects. (nih.gov)
- The nasal potential difference in the 24 patients with cystic fibrosis exceeded by more than 3 standard deviations the mean voltage in healthy controls, subjects with other diseases, and subjects heterozygous for cystic fibrosis. (nih.gov)
- However, hereditary diseases, including primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis, can result in intractable dysfunction of the nasal mucosa. (bvsalud.org)
Nasopharyngeal2
- of the nasal, oral and nasopharyngeal mucosa. (icsv20.org)
- 50% of inhaled UFP can be depositing in the nasopharyngeal region during nasal breathing. (cdc.gov)
Turbinates1
- The mass caused destruction of the bony architecture of the left inferior and medial nasal turbinates with extension into the nasopharynx. (patientcareonline.com)
Intestinal1
- Clean muscle tissue of the gastric and intestinal colonic mucosa also communicate ACE2. (icsv20.org)
Sinonasal3
- Sinonasal masses present with nasal obstruction symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)
- Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and how it correlated to androgen receptor expression in the sinonasal epithelium, minor salivary glands of the sinus, lacrimal glands, and lungs from mice pretreated with and without castration and ADT as well as the sinonasal epithelium obtained from healthy human donors and hospitalized COVID-19 patients. (xiahepublishing.com)
- In murine models, castration and ADT treatment downregulated the expression of TMPRSS2 and ACE2 in the sinonasal epithelium, minor salivary glands of the sinus, and lacrimal glands, but not in the lungs. (xiahepublishing.com)
Irrigation4
- Medical measures include: Nasal irrigation using normal saline Nasal irrigation and removal of crusts using alkaline nasal solutions. (wikipedia.org)
- Nasal irrigation or nebulizing aerosol of isotonic or hypertonic saline is a traditional method for respiratory or nasal care. (springer.com)
- Saline interacts at various levels relevant to nasal or respiratory hygiene (nasal irrigation, gargling or aerosol). (springer.com)
- We therefore investigated the mechanisms by which saline nasal spray/irrigation or aerosol may limit SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and spread. (springer.com)
Airways2
- Recent evidence suggests that complement is activated in human nasal airways in inflammatory states. (tau.ac.il)
- Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 damage ciliated epithelium in the nose and airways. (springer.com)
ACE22
- The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 was extensively detected by IHC within turbinate epithelium, with decreased detection in lower respiratory tract epithelium and alveolar macrophages. (cdc.gov)
- One possible explanation would be the lesser expression of ACE2 in the nasal mucosa compared to adults with consequently less binding of SARS-CoV2. (bvsalud.org)
Discharge4
- These symptoms (sneezing, bilateral sero-mucous nasal discharge, productive cough, exercise intolerance, dyspnoea, and lethargy) commonly appear at a very early age (i.e. weeks to months). (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- All dogs presented, since several months, recurrent chronic mucoid to muco-purulent nasal discharge, moist productive cough with episodes of dyspnoea, hyperthermia and anorexia, resolving only transiently with various treatments (antibiotics, mucolytics, nebulization). (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- Clinical signs include sneezing (snick), watery or foamy eyes, clear nasal discharge following gentle pressure to the nares, mouth breathing, dyspnea, tracheal rales, and altered vocalization. (msdvetmanual.com)
- Nasal discharge or conjunctivitis were not observed in any ferrets. (cdc.gov)
Soft palate1
- Studies of influenza A virus (IAV) pathogenicity, transmissibility, and tropism in ferrets have revealed critical roles for upper respiratory tract tissues (URT, including the nasal respiratory epithelium and the soft palate) in virus reassortment, transmission, and elicitation of host responses following IAV infection. (cdc.gov)
Posterior1
- Arises from the posterior nasal spine and the palatine aponeurosis, and inserts into the mucous membrane of the uvula. (teachmeanatomy.info)
Bronchial2
- While PCD may be suspected based on history, clinical signs, diagnostic imaging and endoscopy, final diagnosis requires the observation of ciliary structure abnormalities after ciliogenesis (i.e. culture of ciliated cells) of biopsies of ciliated epithelium (i.e. the nasal, tracheal or bronchial mucosa) with the use of transmission electron microscopy. (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- A)the upper respiratory tract includes components of both functional portions B)the trachea is part of the lower respiratory tract but not of the bronchial tree C)stratified epithelia occur only in parts of the tract shared by another system The respiratory portion includes the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. (tiesen.nl)
Occur4
- Septal perforation and dermatitis of nasal vestibule can occur. (wikipedia.org)
- Atrophy of mucosa, turbinal bones and seromucinous glands tends to occur, due to obliterative endarteritis and periarteritis causing decreased blood supply, hence the supplying area atrophies. (wikipedia.org)
- Although the respiratory system signs are usually the most important, several signs related to pathology in other tissues with ciliated epithelia or microtubules can occur, such as otitis media, infertility in males and females, hydrocephalus, and renal fibrosis or dilation of renal tubules. (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- Nasal floor involvement may occur by direct extension through the palate. (medscape.com)
Mucus3
- This type of epithelial lining also secretes mucus that coats the lining and helps with the mucociliary clearance of minute aerosolized particles that become trapped in the nasal mucosa. (nih.gov)
- The cilia on the surface sweep the mucus in a carpet like fashion and move them towards the nasal ostia. (nih.gov)
- Saline provides moisture to respiratory epithelia and gels mucus, promotes ciliary beating, and improves mucociliary clearance. (springer.com)
Turbinate1
- Transposition of parotid duct to maxillary sinus or nasal mucosa (Wittmack's operation) Complete inversion of mucoperiosteum of maxillary antrum to create a neo-turbinate (Raghav Sharan's operation) Repeated Stellate ganglion block (Sardana's operation) Vestibuloplasty This disorder was known since the time of ancient Egypt, almost 4,000 years ago, and descriptions of it are found in the historical medical papyri. (wikipedia.org)
Vestibule1
- nasal vestibule, respiratory region, and olfactory region. (nih.gov)
Specimens1
- Virus titers in nasal wash (NW) specimens peaked at 1-day postinoculation (d.p.i.) in both groups. (cdc.gov)
Buccal1
- buccal, transdermal and nasal[ 1 - 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Basal2
- In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
- however, one of the most accepted theories is that the lesion starts developing from remaining cells of the dental lamina, reduced enamel epithelium, Malassez's epithelial rests, or even from a basal cell layer of the epithelium surface. (bvsalud.org)
Airway3
- Superfusion of the luminal surface with amiloride, an inhibitor of active sodium absorption, induced greater reductions in both nasal and airway potential difference in patients than in controls. (nih.gov)
- Endoscopy revealed inflamed mucosa, moderate to large amounts of mucopurulent secretions along all the upper and lower airway tracts. (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
- Clinically, nasal or respiratory airway care with saline reduces symptoms of seasonal coronaviruses and other common cold viruses. (springer.com)
Alveolar1
- 100 nm) are ubiquitous in ambient urban and indoor air from multiple sources and may contribute to adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects of particulate matter (PM). Depending on their particle size, inhaled UFP are efficiently deposited in nasal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions due to diffusion. (cdc.gov)
Spray3
- Estradiol spray for regeneration of seromucinous glands and vascularization of mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
- Preliminary results have suggested that OXT nasal spray may increase peptide levels in both peripheral blood and saliva. (nature.com)
- Thus rizatriptan nasal spray provided faster onset of action than the oral dosage form but the bioavailability was found to be 43 %±7 %[ 4 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Protects2
- Activated complement protects the nasal mucosa against microorganisms, but also has the potential to lyse the host's normal cells. (tau.ac.il)
- Protects & reinforces epidermal barrier of nasal epithelium. (frezyderm.com)
Cells2
- Although the transplanted cells were found within cysts isolated from the recipient nasal respiratory epithelia, they survived in some rats. (bvsalud.org)
- Conclusion-Nasal administration of an apoB-100 peptide fused to CTB attenuates atherosclerosis and induces regulatory Tr1 cells that inhibit T effector responses to apoB-100. (lu.se)
Ciliary1
- Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), previously called immotile cilia syndrome (ICS), is a divers group of inherited structural and functional abnormalities affecting the cilia of the respiratory tract mucosa and other organs which results mainly in recurrent respiratory tract infections. (oldenglishsheepdogclubofamerica.org)
Membrane9
- Re-epithelisation of postoperative mucosa with the initial organization of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium ( arrows ) above a normal thickness basement membrane (BM). (biomedcentral.com)
- In the present study, the authors investigated first whether key complement components, C3-related fragments, are adsorbed to nasal epithelial cell membrane. (tau.ac.il)
- Second, we investigated whether nasal epithelium expresses cell membrane complement regulatory proteins that are known as interruptors of complement activation. (tau.ac.il)
- We have found that complement C3-related fragments are present on cell membranes of fresh nasal epithelium and that C3-related fragments are adsorbed to the epithelial cell membrane in nasal mucosa tissue segments and in cell cultures that were incubated with autologous serum. (tau.ac.il)
- In addition, we found that nasal epithelium in fresh tissue and in cell culture express three cell membrane complement regulatory proteins: membrane cofactor protein (MCP, CD46), decay-accelerating factor(DAF, CD55), and CD59. (tau.ac.il)
- A membranous covering consisting of conjunctival and canalicular epithelium remains over the puncta (see the image below), and a covering consisting of nasal and nasolacrimal epithelium remains over the nasolacrimal duct outlet (ie, the membrane of Hasner). (medscape.com)
- Membrane at the puncta consisting of conjunctiva and canalicular epithelium. (medscape.com)
- Membrane at the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct is adhesion between nasal mucosa and epithelium lining the nasolacrimal duct. (medscape.com)
- A sensory branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3) It passes through the parotid gland en route to the ear, where it innervates skin of the pinna, external auditory canal, and tympanic membrane. (unboundmedicine.com)
Nose1
- Olfactory epithelium located in the nose contains millions of chemical receptors that detect odors. (vintagechicsresale.net)
Sinus1
- The shape of the sinus is a pyramid, with the base along the nasal wall and the apex pointing laterally toward the zygoma. (medscape.com)
Infection1
- Autoimmune factors: viral infection or some other unidentified insult may trigger antigenicity of the nasal mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
Pharynx1
- Pharynx - It is a passage behind the nasal chamber and serves as the common passageway for both air and food. (tiesen.nl)
Oral1
- [19] , [20] Cutaneous HPVs have also been detected in the anal canal, genital, cervical epithelia and in oral and nasal mucosa. (phmj.org)
Chamber1
- This leads to the nasal chamber, which then leads to the nasopharynx. (scienceabc.com)
Pathogens1
- The nasal mucosa functions as a frontline biological defense against various foreign substances and pathogens. (bvsalud.org)
Vivo1
- The ex vivo permeation of drug through goat nasal mucosa was studied. (ijpsonline.com)
Obstruction2
- A 27-year-old Caucasian man complaining of a nasal obstruction was admitted to our clinic in January 2006. (biomedcentral.com)
- A 27-year-old Caucasian man who had been suffering from a nasal obstruction for eight years was admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, the Ministry of Health Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital in January 2008. (biomedcentral.com)
Structures1
- Specific infections, such as syphilis, leprosy and rhinoscleroma, may cause destruction of the nasal structures leading to atrophic changes. (wikipedia.org)