• The epithelial brush border sodium (Na+)/hydrogen (H+) exchanger 3 (NHE3) accounts for a major component of intestinal Na+ absorption and is inhibited in most diarrheas. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: A peptide (sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 stimulatory peptide [N3SP]) was synthesized to mimic the part of the NHE3 C-terminus that forms a multiprotein complex that inhibits NHE3 activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sodium/hydrogen exchangers or sodium/proton antiports are a family of transporters that maintain cellular pH by utilising the sodium gradient across the plasma membrane to extrude protons produced by metabolism, in a stoichiometry of 1 Na + (in) : 1 H + (out). (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Sodium-hydrogen exchangers (Na + /H + exchangers, NHE) are ATP-independent membrane glycoprotein transporters that are involved in the regulation of intracellular pH, cell volume and the cellular response to hormones and mitogens. (tocris.com)
  • Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 (CHP3) is an EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein involved in regulation of cancerogenesis, cardiac hypertrophy, and neuronal development through interactions with sodium/proton exchangers (NHEs) and signalling proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition to its functions as an electrolyte, chloride combines with hydrogen in the stomach to make hydrochloric acid, a powerful digestive enzyme that is responsible for the break down of proteins, absorption of other metallic minerals, and activation of intrinsic factor, which in turn absorbs vitamin B12. (t3db.ca)
  • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by alterations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTCR) gene that result in deranged sodium and chloride ion transport channels. (t3db.ca)
  • Unlike the other NHE isoforms, NHE3 is recycled between apical membranes and the endosomal compartment of epithelial cells where it has a significant involvement in renal and intestinal Na + absorption. (tocris.com)
  • The transporters mediate the simultaneous efflux of a hydrogen ion and the influx of a sodium ion across the plasma membrane, the driving force being the inwardly directed electrochemical Na + gradient. (tocris.com)
  • Our general goal is to characterize the mechanisms regulating sodium, acid-base, and anion excretion by the kidney. (yale.edu)
  • Amiloride blocks the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the late distal tubule, connecting tubule, and collecting duct of the nephron, which both reduces absorption of sodium ion from the lumen of the nephron and reduces excretion of potassium ion into the lumen. (worldsbest.rehab)
  • Because Liddle phenotype usually involves an upregulation of ENaC channels, leading to retention of sodium and water and to hypokalemia, amiloride is useful as an ENaC channel inhibitor due to its promotion of sodium excretion and its potassium-sparing effects, restoring potassium to normal levels. (worldsbest.rehab)
  • We have produced continuous cell lines using retroviral transduction of SV40 large T antigen into epithelial cells removed from the lumen of liver cysts from four female patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). (elsevierpure.com)
  • LCDE cells maintain their epithelial appearance and are positive for the biliary-specific markers cytokeratin 7 and 19 and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase while being negative for hepatocyte markers. (elsevierpure.com)
  • encodes the lysosomal polytopic CLN7 membrane protein of unknown function which contains sequence similarities with the drug: H+ antiporter family DHA1 of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) (4,12). (kentlandsinitiative.org)
  • Prospective studies involving very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (BW ≤1500 g) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (BW ≤1000 g) demonstrated a consistent pattern of fluid and sodium balance despite varying intakes of sodium and water over the first five to seven days of life [ 3,4 ]. (medilib.ir)
  • Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 (CHP3) is an EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein involved in regulation of cancerogenesis, cardiac hypertrophy, and neuronal development through interactions with sodium/proton exchangers (NHEs) and signalling proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • It functions through an inward sodium ion chemical gradient to eliminate acids (protons) generated by metabolism and regulate intracellular pH. (nih.gov)
  • NHE1 uses an inward sodium ion gradient to expel acids from the cell. (bicellscientific.com)
  • Sodium transport across the gill of freshwater-adapted crabs is thought to be powered by active proton extrusion (for a review, see Kirschner, 2004 ). (silverchair.com)
  • Conversely in freshwater-adapted euryhaline crayfish,apical sodium transfer is likely achieved by an apical sodium-proton exchange mechanism, where the extrusion of protons and the uptake of sodium are mediated by the same transport moiety( Kirschner, 2004 ). (silverchair.com)
  • Furthermore sodium uptake is reduced as pH is decreased, suggesting that sodium uptake may be linked to proton excretion( Potts and Fryer, 1979 ). (silverchair.com)
  • Five analogs of the antiporter inhibitor amiloride reduced norepinephrine stimulation of cGMP accumulation with the same relative potency as they act on the antiporter. (nih.gov)
  • Paul Vigne combines subjects such as Antiporter, Epithelial sodium channel, Efflux, Stereochemistry and Skeletal muscle with his study of Amiloride. (research.com)
  • Linaclotide and lubiprostone enhance chloride-rich intestinal fluid secretions without altering the sodium and potassium concentrations in the serum. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast, although inhibitory effects of these compounds on cAMP accumulation were detectable, they occurred at 10-100-fold higher concentrations, and the relative potency of these inhibitors did not indicate they were acting via the antiporter. (nih.gov)
  • Further examination of the effect of calcium on sodium influx showed a severe inhibition of sodium uptake by 100 μmol l -1 calcium gluconate at both low (50 μmol l -1 ) and high (1000 μmol l -1 ) sodium concentrations. (silverchair.com)
  • At high sodium concentrations,stimulated sodium influx was noted with elevated calcium levels. (silverchair.com)
  • Sodium is consequently driven across the basolateral surface by the ATP-dependent sodium-potassium pump(Na + /K + -ATPase). (silverchair.com)
  • At low pH increasing water calcium levels decreased J max and raised K m (decreased sodium influx affinity), while at high pH the opposite pattern was observed (elevated J max and reduced K m ). (silverchair.com)
  • Evidence of alpha 1-adrenergic----protein kinase C----Na+/H+ antiporter-dependent increase in pinealocyte intracellular pH. (nih.gov)
  • Further analysis indicated that norepinephrine is probably acting via an alpha 1-adrenergic----[Ca2+]i----Ca2+/phospholipid- dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) mechanism to activate the Na+/H+ antiporter, thereby causing cytoplasmic alkalization. (nih.gov)
  • Animals, including humans, eat plants to acquire carbohydrates (as well as other animals to obtain protein and fat), ultimately removing the hydrogen and combining it with oxygen to regenerate water. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • This raises the possibility that a natriuretic gut-kidney axis is operative in normal physiology as part of the homeostatic control of plasma sodium, serving to buffer against potential pressor effects of dietary salt loading. (coek.info)
  • Nine different water chemistries of varying pH (4, 6 and 8) and calcium concentration (0, 0.5 and 1 mmol l -1 ) were used to delineate the mechanism of sodium influx in Daphnia magna . (silverchair.com)
  • Lowering water pH severely inhibited sodium influx when calcium concentration was high, but transport kinetic analysis revealed a stimulated sodium influx capacity ( J max ) when calcium was absent. (silverchair.com)
  • The mechanism of sodium uptake in freshwater organisms has been extensively investigated. (silverchair.com)
  • In the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna it is known that sodium uptake is saturable, indicating a specific transport mechanism is involved (e.g. (silverchair.com)
  • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery for morbid obesity confers a pronounced and long-lasting blood pressure lowering effect in addition to significant weight loss. (coek.info)
  • Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position. (lookformedical.com)