Dependent protein kinaseProtein kinasesSubunitMultifunctionalPhosphorylationKinasePeptideHighly conservedKinasesRegulatoryBindsAdenylyl CyclasesCalcium bindingEnzymologyPhosphorylaseParticipatesMetabolismRolesMolecularAcetylcholineAntibodyActivationMuscleExpressionNADPHActivityDomainFamilyHumanTypeIdentificationDomains
Dependent protein kinase10
- Nuclear and Axonal Localization of Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type Gr in Rat Cerebellar Cortex. (epa.gov)
- The granule cell enriched Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase (Cam kinase-Gr) may serve as a calcium activated switch involved in neuronal communication. (epa.gov)
- A multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that occurs as an oligomeric protein comprised of twelve subunits. (curehunter.com)
- It differs from other enzyme subtypes in that it lacks a phosphorylatable activation domain that can respond to CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE. (curehunter.com)
- Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) is a major kinase that is activated by elevated intracellular calcium. (biomedcentral.com)
- Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) is a major kinase that is activated by elevated intracellular calcium and is highly abundant in the brain [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- His laboratory has provided a fundamental understanding of the structure and regulation several other signaling proteins, including STATs, the Ras activator SOS, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II. (amgen.com)
- The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. (genetex.com)
- In this study, we found that activation of D 4 receptors in PFC exerts a complex regulation of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a multifunctional enzyme critically involved in synaptic plasticity that is fundamental for cognitive and emotional processes. (aspetjournals.org)
- The derived amino sequence was found to contain a region of high homology (54%) to the rabbit skeletal muscle enzyme and also very significant homology (35%) to the catalytic subunit of phosphorylase b kinase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase. (torvergata.it)
Protein kinases1
- Inhibitors of protein kinases and calmodulin-dependent enzyme system did not prevent the PUFA-induced migration inhibition, which was also independent of phospholipase D-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipids. (jci.org)
Subunit4
- The delta subunit is a calmodulin and can be encoded by three different genes. (nih.gov)
- The delta subunit mediates the dependence of the enzyme on calcium concentration. (nih.gov)
- The activity of the protein phosphatase calcineurin (CN) is regulated by an autoinhibition mechanism wherein several domains from its catalytic A subunit, including the calmodulin binding domain (CaMBD), block access to its active site. (rcsb.org)
- The gamma subunit of the tetrameric alphabetagammadelta enzyme is the catalytic subunit. (expasy.org)
Multifunctional1
- This enzyme is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with limited tissue distribution, that has been implicated in transcriptional regulation in lymphocytes, neurons and male germ cells. (genetex.com)
Phosphorylation6
- The gamma subunits contain the active site of the enzyme, whereas the alpha and beta subunits have regulatory functions controlled by phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
- A synthesized peptide derived from human Calmodulin around the phosphorylation site of Thr79/Ser81. (thermofisher.com)
- The enzyme couples muscle contraction with energy production via glycogenolysis--glycolysis by catalyzing the Ca(2+)-dependent phosphorylation and activation of glycogen phosphorylase b. (expasy.org)
- A CALMODULIN-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins. (bvsalud.org)
- Proteins isolated from Leghorn-hen and male Sprague-Dawley-rat differed in molecular weight and calcium-2+ (Ca2+) and calmodulin phosphorylation dependency. (cdc.gov)
- Increased phosphorylation of brain, but not spinal cord, axolemmal proteins in the presence of added Ca2+ and calmodulin was observed in TOCP treated hens. (cdc.gov)
Kinase6
- B ) Cartoon representation of activation of CaMKII by calcium:calmodulin (top) and proposed mechanism for spread of kinase activity (bottom). (elifesciences.org)
- This is facilitated by glycolytic enzymes such as the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) which diverts metabolites into PPP [ 6 ]. (degruyter.com)
- Their structural insights have helped understand how the misregulation of these enzymes is often coupled to cancer and immune diseases and has implications for the development of kinase-targeted drugs to treat these diseases. (amgen.com)
- Importantly, the effect of the CaM-peptide shows selectivity, such that total TG activity is not significantly altered by expression of CaM-peptide nor is the activity of another CaM-dependent enzyme, CaM kinase II. (ku.edu)
- The production of an antibody against the enzyme and the use of expression vectors for constructing cDNA libraries have facilitated the isolation of a cDNA for this kinase. (torvergata.it)
- All of these homologies were found in the known catalytic domains of these enzyme, thus enabling us to predict the location of the catalytic domain for the chicken gizzard myosin light chain kinase. (torvergata.it)
Peptide2
Highly conserved1
- Calmodulin is a small, highly conserved calcium binding protein found in all eukaryotic cells. (thermofisher.com)
Kinases2
- It acts both directly, through interaction with key target enzymes, and indirectly, via specific kinases. (thermofisher.com)
- Finally, phosphorylase ala phe ser a catalyzes glycogenolysis, which is used for extracting medicinal plants extracted in organic solvents but only sparingly soluble ity for the assessment for patients with various enzymes (i.E., plc vales calmodulin-dependent kinases. (stonecottagegardens.com)
Regulatory2
- The primary mediator of the intracellular effects of calcium is the calcium-binding regulatory protein, calmodulin. (medscape.com)
- The eukaryotic enzyme binds FAD, FMN, heme (iron protoporphyrin IX) and tetrahydrobiopterin, and its two domains are linked via a regulatory calmodulin-binding domain. (cathdb.info)
Binds1
- As it binds calcium, calmodulin undergoes conformational changes which can increase its affinity for target proteins. (thermofisher.com)
Adenylyl Cyclases2
- Characterization of adenylyl cyclases has been facilitated by the isolation of cDNA clones for distinct adenylyl cyclases including the type I and type III enzymes. (nih.gov)
- As in somatic cells, sperm intracellular cAMP concentration is regulated by the opposite action of two enzymes: the adenylyl cyclases (AC), which synthesize cAMP from ATP, and the phosphodiesterases (PDE), which break the phosphodiester bond of cAMP to form 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP). (plos.org)
Calcium binding1
- According to the most current studies, the most important CBP (Calcium Binding Protein) in the human body is Calmodulin. (lcngrain.com)
Enzymology1
- In enzymology, a calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.60) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + calmodulin L-lysine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + calmodulin N6-methyl-L-lysine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and calmodulin L-lysine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and calmodulin N6-methyl-L-lysine. (wikipedia.org)
Phosphorylase1
- The enzyme phosphorylates a specific serine residue in each of the subunits of the dimeric phosphorylase b. (expasy.org)
Participates2
- This enzyme participates in lysine degradation. (wikipedia.org)
- Studies have found that calmodulin participates in the regulation of several biological processes including energy and biosynthetic metabolism, cell motility, exocytosis, cytoskeletal assembly, and intracellular modulation of both cAMP and calcium concentrations. (thermofisher.com)
Metabolism2
- Calcium plays an important role in intracellular and extracellular metabolism controlling such processes as nerve conduction, muscle contraction, coagulation, electrolyte and enzyme regulation, and hormone release. (medscape.com)
- Yeast-form-specific genes identified in Histoplasma capsulatum function in calcium/calmodulin signaling pathways and sulphur metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Roles1
- The calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTA) play critical roles in plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli. (frontiersin.org)
Molecular1
- Dr. Kuriyan's research concerns the atomic-level structure and mechanism of the enzymes and molecular switches that carry out cellular signal transduction. (amgen.com)
Acetylcholine1
- Subsequently, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine to prevent excessive muscle stimulation. (jove.com)
Antibody1
- The following product was used in this experiment: Phospho-Calmodulin 1/2/3 (Thr79, Ser81) Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PA5-104932, RRID AB_2816405. (thermofisher.com)
Activation1
- These data suggest that the type III adenylyl cyclase is stimulated by Ca2+ when the enzyme is activated by G-protein-coupled receptors and that increases in free Ca2+ accompanying receptor activation may amplify the primary cyclic AMP signal. (nih.gov)
Muscle1
- however, minimal sequence information is available for the smooth muscle form of the enzyme. (torvergata.it)
Expression2
- Expression of type I adenylyl cyclase activity in animal cells has established that this enzyme is stimulated by calmodulin and Ca2+. (nih.gov)
- Subcloning and expression of different regions of the cDNA defined a 192 base pair fragment coding for the calmodulin-binding domain of MLCK. (torvergata.it)
NADPH2
- Upon calcium-induced calmodulin binding, the reductase and oxygenase domains form a complex, allowing electrons to flow from NADPH via FAD and FMN to the active center. (cathdb.info)
- The reductase domain of the enzyme from the bacterium Sorangium cellulosum utilizes a [2Fe-2S] cluster to transfer the electrons from NADPH to the active center. (cathdb.info)
Activity2
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) is a recently identified zinc metalloprotease with carboxypeptidase activity that was identified using our genomics platform. (acs.org)
- Requires calmodulin for activity. (expasy.org)
Domain1
- Calmodulin - A new domain in osteoporosis treatment. (lcngrain.com)
Family1
- This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
- In this study, type III adenylyl cyclase was expressed in human kidney 293 cells to determine if the enzyme is stimulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin. (nih.gov)
Type2
- The sensitivity of the type III adenylyl cyclase to Ca2+ and calmodulin has not been reported. (nih.gov)
- The type III enzyme was not stimulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin in the absence of other effectors. (nih.gov)
Identification1
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Ectodomain Shedding Cleavage-Site Identification: Determinants and Constraints. (acs.org)
Domains1
- The enzyme consists of linked oxygenase and reductase domains. (cathdb.info)