Enzyme uridine. Medical search. Frequent questions

In enzymology, an uridine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction uridine + phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are uridine and phosphate, whereas its two products are uracil and alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
Uridine phosphorylase (UP) is a key enzyme in the pyrimidine salvage pathway that catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil and ribose 1-phosphate. (rcsb.org)
Uridine + phosphate = uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate. (cathdb.info)
Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRTase) catalyzes the conversion of 5-phosphate-alpha-1-diphosphate (PRPP) and uracil to uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) and diphosphate. (rcsb.org)

Preliminary investigation of the three-dimensional structure of Salmonella typhimurium uridine phosphorylase in the crystalline state. (cathdb.info)

This conversion is required to make a sugar called uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), which is needed to transfer sugars to growing oligosaccharides during glycosylation. (medlineplus.gov)

Efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP) also are substrates of CYP2B6 enzymes, and etravirine (ETR) is a substrate of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 enzymes. (medscape.com)

Use the chart to select common enzymes (proteins in a cell) found in the body and how different function levels may affect certain prescribed medications. (stelizabeth.com)
It is likely to act as a bioactive compound by exerting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity and/or binding to specific proteins such as oxidative enzymes and transcriptional factors in signal transduction pathways. (rsc.org)
5 The CYP enzymes comprise a group of proteins that play an important role in the metabolism of several drugs, including those relevant to pain therapy. (ahdbonline.com)
It plays a key role in the formation of many enzymes and proteins. (databasefootball.com)

In conclusion, using the three independent experimental approaches typically used for cytochrome P450 reaction phenotyping, UGT2B7 is the major enzyme contributing to gemcabene glucuronidation in human liver microsomes. (aspetjournals.org)
The gill possesses many of the detoxifying enzymes found in the liver, and there are reports of induction of cytochrome P-450 and uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase in the gills, but with the exception of the carboxylesterases, there is no information on the relevance of these enzymes to bioaccumulation. (astm.org)
The expression of p53 is directly linked to a blockage of cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase and upregulates Bax, cytochrome studies have shown the ability of the bioactive compounds of flavokawain B and alpinetin to target UCK2 enzyme specifically, inducing cell cycle arrest and subsequently leading to cancer cell death, possibly through interfering the MDM2-p53 signalling pathway. (nanoker-society.org)
Inactivation of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes can lead to significant increases in exposure of comedicants. (aspetjournals.org)

For more than 30 years, his main research interests have been the functional and structural study of the enzymes of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, the determination of the structure of peptidoglycan from certain bacterial species, and the search for peptidoglycan biosynthesis inhibitors that could act as antibacterial agents. (degruyter.com)
Like most enzymes of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, MurD constitutes an attractive target for the design and synthesis of new antibacterial agents. (degruyter.com)
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that ABA treatment around véraison resulted in the upregulation of genes encoding enzymes responsible for both general flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis. (scirp.org)
Introduction Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2) is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of uridine and cytidine to their monophosphate form of uridine and cytidine in an alternative salvage pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis [1]. (nanoker-society.org)
Genes in region A encode enzymes for biosynthesis of the capsular polysaccharide, and genes in regions B and C are implicated in the translocation of the high molecular weight polysaccharides to the cell surface. (cdc.gov)

Her main research interests have been the study of Mur ligases from different bacterial species and the search for inhibitors of these enzymes. (degruyter.com)
His main research interests are the structure-based design, synthesis and evaluation of small-molecule enzyme inhibitors and receptor ligands. (degruyter.com)
Due to the selective expression of UCK2 in malignancy cells, a selective inhibition of this important enzyme necessitates the discovery of its potential inhibitors for malignancy chemotherapy. (nanoker-society.org)

Lyssiotis' team recognize this unknown regulatory process, as well as a cancer-promoting mutation in the KRAS gene, which is common in pancreatic cancer, as two ways that cancer cells control their usage of uridine. (worldhealth.net)
14,15 Conversely, its pro-oxidant activity may enhance cellular defence against oxidants by stimulating the redox-regulated signal transduction pathway which leads to the gene expression of anti-oxidative enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). (rsc.org)
The PGM3 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called phosphoglucomutase 3 (PGM3). (medlineplus.gov)
PGM3 gene mutations result in the production of an enzyme with reduced activity. (medlineplus.gov)
On the other hand, the gene expressions of enzymes involved in proanthocyanidin synthesis were drastically decreased at véraison and remained extremely low even with ABA treatment. (scirp.org)
Angiotensin converting enzyme and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variations in fibromyalgia syndrome. (cdc.gov)

the pyrimidine nucleotides are Thymidine (T) and Cytosine (C). In RNA, the pyrimidine nucleotide Uridine (U) is substituted for Cytosine. (agemed.org)

Potential substrate, competitive inhibitor or regulator of enzymes that interact with uridine-5'-monophosphate. (biolog.de)

The molecule, uridine, offers insight into both biochemical processes and possible therapeutic pathways. (worldhealth.net)
The PGM3 enzyme converts a molecule called N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate into a different molecule called N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate. (medlineplus.gov)

This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
His main research interests concern the identification of genes and enzymes involved in this pathway, the regulation of this metabolism, the mode of action of antibiotics and bacteriocins interfering with this pathway and the corresponding resistance mechanisms, as well as the molecular bases for the recognition of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan by host innate immunity mechanisms. (degruyter.com)
CYP2D6 is a well-characterized P450 enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of approximately 25% of all drugs currently in therapeutic use, and it is implicated in the metabolism of several analgesics, including opioids. (ahdbonline.com)

The enzyme participates the the pathways of pyrimidine ribonucleosides degradation and salvage. (cathdb.info)

An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction of α-d-glucose 1-phosphate UDPgalactose to produce UDPglucose and α-d-galactose 1-phosphate. (theodora.com)
The cancer cells seem to be sensing the concentrations of glucose and uridine in the local environment to inform their adaptation," says Matt Ward, another co-first author. (worldhealth.net)
Thus, increases in the total amount and composition ratios of petunidin- and malvidin-type anthocyanins were mainly caused by ABA-induced upregulation of uridine diphosphate glucose flavonoid glucosyl transferase , glutathione S-transferase 4, O-methyl transferase and flavonoid 3', 5' hydroxylase expression, resulting in the deep coloration of berry of skin. (scirp.org)

Data show that several UGT enzymes detected in the endometrium are involved in the glucuronidation of E(2) and its 2-OH, 4-OH, and 2-MeO metabolites that exert various biological effects in the tissue. (nih.gov)

Abstract Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in abnormal cell growth and its implication is considered a hallmark of malignancy. (nanoker-society.org)
With Imidazole as a catalyst, DAP could have successfully made that critical jump between the early chemical compounds like cytidine and uridine to the formation of the key ingredients for life. (databasefootball.com)

The findings showed that uridine is metabolized by the enzyme uridine phoshorylase-1, or UPP1. (worldhealth.net)
Blocking UPP1 had a major impact on the growth of pancreatic tumors in mice, findings that suggest the importance of testing drugs that block uridine as possible new treatment options. (worldhealth.net)

a deficiency or defect in this enzyme results in two forms of mucolipidoses, I-cell disease, and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy. (theodora.com)
a deficiency of this enzyme is associated with one type of galactosemia. (theodora.com)
As in many of the lysosomal storage diseases, the functional deficiency of lysosomal enzymes results in abnormal cell architecture. (medscape.com)

one includes structural genes encoding enzymes that directly participate in the formation of anthocyanins and other flavonoids, and the other comprises regulatory genes controlling the transcription of structural genes. (scirp.org)

To determine the maximum tolerated dose of irinotecan when administrated with temozolomide every 28 days, in patients with recurrent malignant glioma who were also receiving CYP450 enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED), and to characterize the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and its metabolites. (aacrjournals.org)

The synthesis of the peptide stem of bacterial peptidoglycan involves four enzymes, the Mur ligases (MurC, D, E and F). Among them, MurD is responsible for the ATP-dependent addition of d -glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc- l -Ala, a reaction which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. (degruyter.com)
Cell‐free multi‐enzyme synthesis and purification of uridine diphosphate galactose. (mpg.de)

The enzyme converts uridines at position 955, 2504 and 2580 of 23S rRNA to pseudouridines. (expasy.org)

CYP2C19 is an enzyme responsible for breaking down (metabolizing) drugs in the body to either activate them or remove them. (stelizabeth.com)

Ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs): individuals who have multiple copies of a functional allele and/or an allele with a promoter mutation and show increased enzyme activity. (ahdbonline.com)
Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 promoter polymorphism predicts the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity and fatigue induced by irinotecan-based chemotherapy. (cdc.gov)

Nevertheless, quercetin is completely converted into its conjugated metabolites by phase-II enzymes during intestinal absorption. (rsc.org)

Class 2 type VI CRISPR-Cas13 systems use a single enzyme to target RNA using a programmable crRNA guide and are divided into four subtypes based on the identity of the Cas13 protein (Cas13a-d). (nih.gov)
The study suggests the possibility of MDM2 protein was downregulated and its suppression subsequently activates the expression of p53 during inhibition of UCK2 enzyme. (nanoker-society.org)

ETR also induces CYP3A but inhibits CYP2C9 and 2C19 enzymes. (medscape.com)

The potential reversibility of epigenetic modifications renders the enzymes that are responsible for establishment of tumorigenic epigenetic changes important targets for drug development. (aacrjournals.org)
2,8 The lower enzyme activity renders the PM subgroup at increased risk for drug overdose when the parent compound is responsible for the analgesic effect, or therapeutic failure if the parent compound is a prodrug that needs to be converted to an active metabolite. (ahdbonline.com)

Early enzymologic studies showed that cultured fibroblasts from patients with I-cell disease were deficient in numerous lysosomal enzymes. (medscape.com)
I-cell disease fibroblasts were subsequently discovered to be able to internalize and use lysosomal enzymes produced by normal cells, whereas normal or other lysosomal disease fibroblasts were incapable of internalizing lysosomal enzymes secreted by the I-cell disease fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
The above findings suggested that a biochemical marker signal may be required for proper trafficking of the lysosomal enzyme, from the site of its production in the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome itself. (medscape.com)
This marker was later identified as a mannose-6-phosphate residue on the lysosomal enzyme that interacts with a specific receptor on the lysosomal membrane, which then triggers endocytosis into the lysosome. (medscape.com)

Coadministration with drugs that induce or inhibit these enzymes can alter NNRTI drug concentrations, resulting in virologic failure or adverse effects. (medscape.com)

Here, we show that Nsp5 binds and cleaves human tRNA methyltransferase 1 (TRMT1), a host enzyme required for a prevalent post-transcriptional modification in tRNAs. (elifesciences.org)

Pharmacokinetic enhancers (boosters) are used to increase exposure of an ARV by concomitantly administering a drug that inhibits the enzymes that metabolize the ARV. (medscape.com)
This polyphenolic compound is known to be a strong anti-oxidant which scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly or effectively inhibits ROS-generating enzymes ( e.g. xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase). (rsc.org)

10. Have been taking medication that could affect the investigated drug product: a) Regular consumption of drugs during the b) consumption of enzyme stimulating or inhibiting drugs (e.g. (who.int)
The enzyme plays an important role in elimination and DETOXIFICATION of drugs, XENOBIOTICS, and metabolizing endogenous compounds, including CATECHOLESTROGENS and FIBRATES. (bvsalud.org)

The different conformations of Arg80 coupled to rearrangements in the quaternary structure imply that this residue plays a major role in regulation of the enzyme and in communication between subunits. (rcsb.org)

This manuscript provides important insights into the degradation of a host tRNA modification enzyme TRMT1 by SARS-CoV-2 protease nsp5. (elifesciences.org)

Our work on the large-scale annotation of enzyme function is helping to define the metabolic repertoire that exists in Nature and is providing new insights into the contributions of the gut microbiome to human health, the realization of new chemical processes for industry, and expanding our understanding of critical environmental issues, including global nutrient cycles and the evolution of complex microbial communities. (einsteinmed.edu)

There are more than 80 unique alleles that have been described for the CYP2D6 enzyme, 5 and the different allele combinations yield phenotypic diversity in the general population. (ahdbonline.com)

Phase II enzymes present in the intestinal epithelial cells and the liver cells facilitate their metabolic conversion to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. (rsc.org)

The most important class of drug-metabolizing enzymes for analgesics is CYP, which is mainly responsible for type I reactions, the modification reactions that inactivate or activate an analgesic administered as an inactive or less active prodrug. (ahdbonline.com)

Enzyme activity shows a twofold dependence on potassium ion concentration. (rcsb.org)

Anatomy7

Organisms11

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs173

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care1

Uracil4

Phosphorylase1

Diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine1

Substrates1

Proteins4

Cytochrome4

Biosynthesis5

Inhibitors3

Gene6

Thymidine1

Substrate1

Molecule2

Metabolism3

Participates1

Glucose3

Involved in the glucuronidation1

Cytidine2

UPP12

Deficiency3

Genes1

CYP4501

Synthesis2

Converts1

CYP2C191

Promoter2

Metabolites1

Protein2

CYP2C91

Renders2

Lysosomal4

Concentrations1

Cleaves1

Inhibits2

Drugs2

Regulation1

Degradation1

Chemical1

CYP2D61

Metabolic1

Responsible1

Concentration1