The semicircular canals and sacs in all vertebrates are attached to endolymphatic ducts, which in some groups (such as sharks) end in small openings, called endolymphatic pores, on the dorsal surface of the head. (wikipedia.org)
Sensory information about motion, equilibrium, and spatial orientation is provided by the vestibular apparatus, which in each ear includes the utricle, saccule, and three semicircular canals. (physiosensing.net)
Vestibular4
An otolith (Greek: ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called statoconium or otoconium or statolith, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
Endolymphatic infillings such as otoliths are structures in the saccule and utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular labyrinth of all vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds). (wikipedia.org)
There is evidence that the vestibular system of mammals has retained some of its ancestral acoustic sensitivity and that this sensitivity is mediated by the otolithic organs (most likely the sacculus, due to its anatomical location). (wikipedia.org)
Hydrops in the utricle may occur less frequently because of a thicker wall, because of a functioning UEV, and when the saccule has already occupied most of the vestibular perilymphatic space. (bvsalud.org)
Fluid2
In mammals, otoliths are small particles, consisting of a combination of a gelatinous matrix and calcium carbonate in the viscous fluid of the saccule and utricle. (wikipedia.org)
When the head rotates in the direction sensed by a particular canal, the endolymphatic fluid within it lags behind because of inertia, and exerts pressure against the canal's sensory receptor. (physiosensing.net)
Inner ear1
OBJECTIVES: Our aim in this study was to characterize the morphology of the endolymphatic compartment on histopathology in individuals with Ménière's disease (MD) and to determine why hydrops of the saccule is more pronounced than that of other compartments of the inner ear in MD. METHODS: Temporal bones from 9 patients with idiopathic MD and from 10 individuals without MD/endolymphatic hydrops were examined. (bvsalud.org)
Morphology1
Otoliths (also called statoliths) are agglutinated crystals or crystals precipitated around a nucleus, with well defined morphology and together all may be termed endolymphatic infillings. (wikipedia.org)
Gravity2
These organs are what allows an organism, including humans, to perceive linear acceleration, both horizontally and vertically (gravity). (wikipedia.org)
The utricle and saccule detect gravity (information in a vertical orientation) and linear movement. (physiosensing.net)
Vertical1
Because of their orientation in the head, the utricle is sensitive to a change in horizontal movement, and the saccule gives information about vertical acceleration (such as when in an elevator). (wikipedia.org)
Semicircular4
The semicircular canals and sacs in all vertebrates are attached to endolymphatic ducts, which in some groups (such as sharks) end in small openings, called endolymphatic pores, on the dorsal surface of the head. (wikipedia.org)
1. Superior / anterior semicircular canal: Projects vertically and in a perpendicular direction relative to the petrous bone. (drtbalu.co)
The three ampullated ends and two non ampullated ends of the membranous semicircular ducts open into the utricle. (drtbalu.co)
In ears without MD, the Reissner's membrane and the membranous wall of the saccule were thinner than that of the utricle and of the lateral semicircular canal ( p (bvsalud.org)
Posterior1
: 745 The canal then curves nearly vertically inferior-ward along the posterior wall . (cloudfront.net)
Open1
In all ears with MD in which the utricle exceeded the average volume of normals (6 of 12), the UEV was open or there was a rupture in the utricle. (bvsalud.org)