Encodes proteins beta alanine. Medical search. Frequent questions

Encodes a putative RING-H2 finger protein RHA1a. (or.jp)

The reports on base sequences of spider silk protein genes have gained importance as the mechanical properties of silk fibers have been revealed. (bioone.org)
So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes. (wikidoc.org)
The protein folding code will aid in interpreting genomic sequences by providing information which can be used to infer function for new genes. (utoronto.ca)
The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
M. genitalium, a humanurogenital pathogen, is the extreme manifestation of this genomicparsimony, having only 482 protein-coding genes and the smallest genomeat -580 kb of any known free-living organism capable of being grown inpure culture(13). (fullblog.com.ar)
The1999 report by some of the present inventors on the essential microbialgene for M. genitalium and its closest relative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae,mapped ~2200 transposon insertion sites in these two species, andidentified 130 putatively non-essential M. genitalium protein-codinggenes or M. pneumoniae orthologs of M. genitalium genes. (fullblog.com.ar)
1999) Science 286, 2165-9), those authors estimatedthat 265 to 3,50 of the protein-coding genes of M. genitalium areessential under laboratory growth conditions(4). (fullblog.com.ar)
The gene encoding the Ov-phy-1 open reading frame contained 11 introns, similar in structure to the gene encoding human prolyl 4-hydroxylase isoform I. Genomic Southern blot, EST and genomic PCR studies demonstrated that the O. volvulus genome contained between three and eight genes closely related to Ov-phy-1. (embl.de)
2, 3, 4] Mutations in at least 11 genes that play a role in regulating beta-cell insulin secretion have been implicated in the pathogenesis of HI. (medscape.com)
Genes encoding virulence factors in Acinetobacter sp. (hmi-us.com)
In this study, we combined transcript profiling and proteomic analysis to better understand which genes and proteins are altered by opaque2 in the W64A inbred line. (biomedcentral.com)
Comprehensive identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beta-lactam resistance within pneumococcal mosaic genes. (cdc.gov)

ii) A purified chimeric protein consisting of maltose binding protein (MBP) fused to a domain of EF-1δ containing Ser-133 (MBP-EFWt) is specifically phosphorylated in in vitro kinase assays by purified recombinant UL13 fused to glutathione S-transferase (GST) expressed in the baculovirus system. (elsevierpure.com)
iv) The sequence flanking Ser-133 of EF-1δ completely matches the consensus phosphorylation site for a cellular protein kinase, cdc2, and in vitro kinase assays revealed that purified cdc2 phosphorylates Ser-133 of EF-1δ. (elsevierpure.com)
v) As observed with EF-1δ, the casein kinase II β subunit (CKIIβ) was specifically phosphorylated by UL13 in vitro, while the level of phosphorylation of CKIIβ by UL13 was greatly diminished when a serine residue at position 209, which has been reported to be phosphorylated by cdc2, was replaced with alanine. (elsevierpure.com)
These results indicate that the conserved protein kinases encoded by herpesviruses and a cellular protein kinase, cdc2, have the ability to target the same amino acid residues for phosphorylation. (elsevierpure.com)

Crop grains accumulate significant amounts of nitrogen in the form of storage proteins. (intechopen.com)
Grain storage proteins are not only important in the aspects of germination but also, storage proteins are a valuable food source in human and animal nutrition. (intechopen.com)
This chapter will give insight into genotype and growing conditions influencing the quantity and quality of storage proteins, primarily maize storage proteins the leading cereal by world production. (intechopen.com)
Main storage proteins in cereals are prolamins, and in maize prolamins are called zeins located within the endosperm in protein agglomerations called protein bodies. (intechopen.com)
Genetic and Molecular Regulation of Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs) to Improve Protein Nutritional Value of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Seeds. (uni-bielefeld.de)
The underlying mechanism for rebalancing amino acid content for both o2 and RNAi is unclear, although it depends on reduced synthesis of the zein storage proteins and a compensatory increase in non-zein protein content [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The constituent proteins are normally synthesised in specialised glands where the epithelial cells are responsible for the biosynthesis. (bioone.org)
In this study, choline dehydrogenase ( betA ) gene encoding for glycine betaine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli isolated from salted shark ( Scoliodon sp. (scialert.net)
Choline dehydrogenase ( betA ) of E . coli catalyses the first step in glycine betaine biosynthesis, the oxidation of choline. (scialert.net)
Ethanol can interfere with cell membrane's ability to act as a barrier, and interrupt key cellular processes such as protein biosynthesis, energy transduction and transport[ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Silks are composed principally of proteins with a predominance of alanine, serine and glycine and silk proteins are able to undergo irreversible transformations from soluble protein to insoluble fibres. (bioone.org)

Four main classes of zein proteins are: alpha, beta, gamma and delta zein. (intechopen.com)
In this chapter, we will describe how zein proteins influence characteristics of maize grain and nutritional value of maize. (intechopen.com)
Reduced synthesis of the lysine-poor zein proteins and compensatory increases in other proteins dramatically improves the nutritional quality of the grain. (biomedcentral.com)

Since β-alanine comes from meat consumption, endogenous production is the only source in vegetarian and vegan populations. (healthmatters.io)
Carnosine (β-alanine-histidine) is an endogenous histidyl dipeptide, present in high concentration in the skeletal muscle (1-20 mM), heart (0.1-1 mM), and brain (1-2 mM). (frontiersin.org)
Human apelin was identified and isolated in 1998 as an endogenous ligand of the G-protein-coupled receptor APJ and was named the APJ endogenous ligand. (encyclopedia.pub)
After the cleavage of the signal peptide, the protein is processed into various bioactive endogenous peptides, such as apelin-13, -16, -17, and -36 [ 3 ] , which are widely expressed in various organs. (encyclopedia.pub)

Human IKKgamma does not interact with mammalian Atg8-family proteins. (cusabio.com)
Earlier studies have shown that translation elongation factor 1δ (EF-1δ) is hyperphosphorylated in various mammalian cells infected with representative alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses and that the modification is mediated by conserved viral protein kinases encoded by herpesviruses, including UL13 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), UL97 of human cytomegalovirus, and BGLF4 of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). (elsevierpure.com)
A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. (lookformedical.com)
Over the past several years, we have engineered a range of proteins with new functions, including protein-protein interactions that are specific enough to control complex biological processes in mammalian cells (Kapp*, Liu* et al. (ucsf.edu)

Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [acylating], mitochondrial (MMSDH) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH6A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
It confirmed that the enzyme belonged to a class A beta-lactamase which had 99% identity to the ampicillin resistance transposon Tn3 of pBR322. (lu.se)
I have designed proof-of-concept experiments to validate this approach, including targeting of the transcription factor PDX1, followed by experiments designed to simultaneously target two regulatory elements of the key beta cell enzyme, PCSK1. (einsteinmed.edu)
This gene encodes an FAD-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermadine and secondarily produces hydrogen peroxide. (innatedb.com)
Our predictions generate hypotheses on protein conformations controlling biological processes - such as protein recognition, signal transduction, and enzyme active site gating - and are laying the foundation for our work reengineering and "reshaping" protein interfaces and active sites for new functions. (ucsf.edu)

Our results are as follows: (i) not only in infected cells but also in uninfected cells, replacement of the serine residue at position 133 (Ser-133) of EF-1δ by alanine precluded the posttranslational processing of EF-1δ, which corresponds to the hyperphosphorylation. (elsevierpure.com)

Two medical aspects of protein folding in which we are currently interested include: a) Amyloid fibril formation and b) Design of polypeptide mimics of helical cytokines. (utoronto.ca)
1997. Fibrillogenesis of Alzheimer beta-Amyloid Peptides Studied by Fluorescence Energy Transfer. (utoronto.ca)
1996. Membrane Disruption byAlzhemier beta-Amyloid Peptides Mediated Through Specific Binding to either Phospholipids or Gangliosides: Implications for Neurotoxicity. (utoronto.ca)
One member of the family is encoded by an alternatively-spliced form of Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein. (embl.de)
The amyloid proteins isolated from neuritic plaques and the cerebrovasculature of Alzheimer's disease are self-aggregating moieties termed A4 protein and beta-protein, respectively. (embl.de)
We report here the sequence of a closely related amyloid cDNA, A4(751), distinguished from A4(695) by the presence of a 168 base-pair (bp) sequence which adds 57 amino acids to, and removes one residue from, the predicted A4(695) protein. (embl.de)
Protease inhibitor domain encoded by an amyloid protein precursor mRNA associated with Alzheimer's disease. (embl.de)
Amyloid B-protein/amyloid A4 is a peptide present in the neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and cerebrovascular deposits in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome (trisomy 21) and may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. (embl.de)

Mitochondrial defects associated with beta-alanine toxicity: relevance to hyper-beta-alaninemia. (healthmatters.io)

β-alanine is a breakdown product of carnosine and anserine, which are dipeptides from meat consumption. (healthmatters.io)
Given their limited diets, vegetarians and vegans have lower levels of β-alanine and muscle carnosine compared to omnivores. (healthmatters.io)
Carnosine and anserine homeostasis in skeletal muscle and heart is controlled by beta-alanine transamination. (healthmatters.io)
Can the Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation Be Optimized? (healthmatters.io)
Levels may be elevated in meat consumption when dipeptides anserine and carnosine are elevated since they both contain β-alanine. (healthmatters.io)
High (millimolar) concentrations of the histidine containing dipeptide - carnosine (β-alanine-L-histidine) are present in the skeletal muscle. (frontiersin.org)
Pretreatment of murine myoblast (C2C12) cells with octyl-D-carnosine or carnosine enhanced HIF-1α protein expression, VEGF mRNA levels and VEGF release under hypoxic conditions. (frontiersin.org)

Encodes GATA transcription factor gene GNC, involved in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. (or.jp)
The current prolonged berry withering experiment revealed the timing of metabolite interconversions in the central metabolism and provided critical clues that link the concentration effect, protein degradation, and the onset of stress-like conditions in drying berries. (oeno-one.eu)
The breakdown and metabolism of β-alanine requires vitamin B6-dependent enzymes. (healthmatters.io)
There are several rare inborn errors of metabolism that can cause elevations of β-alanine, a non-essential amino acid. (healthmatters.io)
These metabolic disorders are typically caused by genetic mutations that result in the impairment or deficiency of enzymes involved in the metabolism of β-alanine or related pathways. (healthmatters.io)

The apelin gene located at chromosome Xq25-26.1, encodes a 77 amino acid preproprotein [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The gene is located on chromosome 12q23 [ 26 ] and regulates transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 activity as well as the cell cycle [ 27 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

A pCb plasmid encoding a beta-lactamase from Haemophilus ducreyi was transferred to Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. (lu.se)

The valine at position 82 (ABL 84) was changed to isoleucine and the alanine at position 182 (ABL 184) was changed to valine. (lu.se)
In sickle-cell anemia, how does the structural difference between valine and glutamic acid lead to the improper folding of the hemoglobin protein? (migzmediagroup.com)

Taurine and β-alanine share the same skeletal muscle transporter, whereby β-alanine can inhibit taurine's uptake into muscle. (healthmatters.io)
Myokines are small proteins (5-20 kDa) and proteoglycan peptides that are produced and secreted by skeletal muscle cells in response to muscle contractions. (encyclopedia.pub)

Prolamin proteins define nutritional value of maize grain not only via amino acid quality but also via starch availability. (intechopen.com)
Starch, the most important energy component of maize grain, is located within starch-protein matrix. (intechopen.com)
Within this matrix, starch granules are surrounded by protein bodies that limit starch availability. (intechopen.com)

The rate of glucose entry into the beta cell is facilitated by a glucose transporter, and the entry rate exceeds the oxidation rate of glucose. (medscape.com)

The decoding of the virus's genome showed it belonged a viral family known as beta-coronaviruses, to which the SARS1 and MERS viruses also belong. (thebulletin.org)
Our results raise the possibility that the viral protein kinases mimic cdc2 in infected cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency is caused by mutations in this gene and the resulting protein. (wikipedia.org)
This is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the BCKDHA gene, which encodes the alpha subunit of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. (healthmatters.io)

The betA gene sequence reported in this study contains several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)
Moreover, the sequence analysis of choline dehydrogenase from our isolate shows several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)

The highly diverse and complex three-dimensional (3D) structures of proteins are integral to their equally diverse and complex functions. (utoronto.ca)
They are short (~50 residue) alpha/beta proteins with few secondary structures. (embl.de)
Predicting and designing the structures of proteins with biologically useful accuracy has been a key challenge in computational structural biology and molecular engineering. (ucsf.edu)

The protein folding code can also be used to identify the biochemical consequences of mutations that cause disease. (utoronto.ca)

Methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency is characterized by elevated beta-alanine, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and both isomers of 3-amino and 3-hydroxyisobutyric acids in urine organic acids. (wikipedia.org)

Numerous in vitro experiments have indicated that betaine acts as an osmoprotectant by stabilizing both the quaternary structure of proteins and cellular membrane against the adverse effects of high salinity and extreme temperatures ( Gorham, 1995 ). (scialert.net)
Using a fluorescent sulfhydryl probe as well as a sulfhydryl inhibitor, one observes a strong cell density response, supporting the hypothesis that cellular redox potential could alter protein stability. (embl.de)

Ancillary protein-lipid contacts reveal surprising contributions from antibody framework regions. (elifesciences.org)
The modeling platform developed here uncovers insights into lipid participation in antibodies' recognition of membrane proteins and highlights antibody features to prioritize in vaccine design. (elifesciences.org)

Urinary beta-alanine excretion is a marker of abnormal as well as normal gut fermentation. (healthmatters.io)

Antibodies can target epitopes on integral membrane proteins very near to the lipid bilayer surface, even those partially embedded within the headgroup region. (elifesciences.org)

METHODS: By an integrated approach consisting on the use of siRNA strategy, Western blotting, confocal double- labeling immunofluorescence, patch-clamp electrophysiology, and Fura 2-/SBFI-single-cell imaging, we explored in rat motor neuron-enriched cultures the involvement of the plasma membrane proteins Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and purinergic P2X7 receptor as well as that of the intracellular cADP-ribose (cADPR) pathway, in the neuroprotective mechanism of SOD1. (bvsalud.org)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cytokine receptor family. (creativebiomart.net)

However, the exact mechanisms by which it improves protein quality and creates a soft endosperm texture are unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
These analyses showed that the accumulation of some lysine-rich proteins, such as sorbitol dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase, was increased in mature kernels and may contribute substantially to the lysine content of opaque2 endosperm. (biomedcentral.com)
The substantial reduction in synthesis of α-zeins results in smaller, less numerous protein bodies and a concomitant increase in non-zein endosperm proteins [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These changes in protein accumulation result in an endosperm that has nearly twice the lysine and tryptophan content of wild-type maize [ 3 ], which substantially improves its value for monogastric animals [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The 1.6 Å X-ray structure of the homodimeric A. fumigatus protein reveals unique properties including N-linked glycosylation and a Ca 2+ -binding site whose occupancy regulates activity. (nature.com)

Hamilton: B. C. Decker Inc.). A number of anti-angiogenic activities have been reported for this protein, such as inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. (justia.com)
Two compounds, Compound 1 (1,4-dihydrophenanthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid) and Compound 5 [8-(N-butyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl)-1,4-dihydrophenathrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid], with comparable potencies in vivo, were chosen to investigate the effect of the inhibition of the hydroxylation of newly synthesized uterine collagen on the turnover of this protein in vivo. (embl.de)
Taken with the present results, this suggests that the potential use of inhibitors of prolyl 4-hydroxylase to control excessive collagen deposition in pathological fibrosis may be limited by the need to maintain continuous inhibition of collagen hydroxylation so as to facilitate intracellular degradation of the accumulated protein. (embl.de)

The hemoglobin molecule is made up of four sub protein molecules in which two chains are alpha globulin chains, and the other two are beta globulin chains. (migzmediagroup.com)
It is composed of four protein chains, two alpha chains and two beta chains, each with a ring-like heme group containing an iron atom. (migzmediagroup.com)
A full-length cDNA (Ov-phy-1) encoding a catalytically active alpha-subunit of Onchocerca volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase was isolated and characterized. (embl.de)
This control is propagated through the alpha-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase where protein levels were previously shown to rise fivefold with increasing cell density. (embl.de)
The predominant form of the protein is comprised of two alpha1(IV) subunits and one alpha2(IV) subunit, however, at least six different alpha subunits can be incorporated into the heterotrimer. (lookformedical.com)

The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with KU domain is also avaliable . (embl.de)

Maize protein is deficient in the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan, which limits its value for monogastric animals. (biomedcentral.com)

The mature protein that this gene translates in humans is 503 amino acids long, which is similar to other enzymes of this family, which all comprise around 500 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
Amino acid sequencing of some beta-lactamases has shown that substitution of only a few amino acids in the bla gene leads to high-level resistance against specific cephalosporins. (lu.se)

This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenases family of proteins. (wikipedia.org)

The protein content in cereal grain can vary greatly, from less than 6% to more than 20% in dry matter (DM), and this content depends on several factors such as the type of cereal, variety, agrotechnical conditions and others. (intechopen.com)

Simulations estimating protein-membrane interaction strength for PGZL1 variants along an inferred maturation pathway show bilayer affinity is evolved and correlates with neutralization potency. (elifesciences.org)
These variants often affect the region of the protein that binds to heme. (migzmediagroup.com)
Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoenzymes have been identified for this gene, some of which have failed to demonstrate significant oxidase activity on natural polyamine substrates. (innatedb.com)

The sequence of the beta-lactamase gene was also determined. (lu.se)
The mechanism by which a particular protein folds into its 3D structure is encoded in its amino acid sequence. (utoronto.ca)
If you are given a sequence of DNA, how can you predict sequence of protein? (migzmediagroup.com)
The derived amino acid sequence of Ov-phy-1 encoded a peptide that was most similar to the two Caenorhabditis elegans prolyl 4-hydroxylase homologues and to the isoform II enzymes of vertebrates. (embl.de)

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database. (innatedb.com)

Co-expression of Ov-phy-1 with the O. volvulus homologue of protein disulfide isomerase in a baculovirus system resulted in the production of enzymatically active O. volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase. (embl.de)

International society of sports nutrition position stand: Beta-Alanine. (healthmatters.io)
Each of four zein classes has a distinctive position and role within protein bodies. (intechopen.com)
The main difference between normal hemoglobin and sickle cell hemoglobin is that normal hemoglobin contains glutamate at position 6 on the surface of the beta chain. (migzmediagroup.com)

In contrast, the level of phosphorylation by the recombinant UL13 of MBP-EFWt carrying an alanine replacement of Ser-133 (MBP-EFS133A) was greatly impaired. (elsevierpure.com)
We have also engineered proteins whose functions can be switched by phosphorylation or light. (ucsf.edu)

Anatomy23

Organisms14

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs131

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Putative1

Genes12

Kinase4

Storage proteins6

Biosynthesis4

Glycine1

Zein proteins3

Endogenous4

Mammalian4

Enzyme5

Serine1

Amyloid8

Mitochondrial1

Carnosine7

Metabolism5

Chromosome2

Coli1

Valine2

Skeletal muscle2

Starch3

Transporter1

Viral2

Caused by mutations2

Sequences2

Structures3

Mutations1

Deficiency1

Cellular2

Antibody2

Marker1

Integral1

Receptor2

Endosperm4

Regulates1

Inhibition3

Alpha5

Breakdown1

Lysine1

Amino acids2

Belongs1

Type1

Variants3

Sequence4

Interaction1

Isomerase1

Position3

Phosphorylation2