Since obstructive events occur more commonly at wake-sleep transitions and during rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep than during stable NREM sleep, we assessed the GG reflex during these two vulnerable states. (lookformedical.com)
Sleep basically consists of two moments that alternate between waking states: non-rapid eyemovement (NREM) and rapid eyemovement (REM). (bvsalud.org)
Upper airway muscle activation which is reduced during REM sleep rather than during non-rapid eyemovement (NREM) sleep, resulting in increased apnea and consequent hypoxemia. (researchsquare.com)
According to Rechtschaffen and Kales (R&K) standard [ 2 ], sleep-state consists of two general stages: rapid eyemovement (REM) and non-rapid eyemovement (NREM). (ukdiss.com)
Electromyogram4
Sleep electrophysiological measurements can be made by attaching electrodes to the scalp to measure the electroencephalogram (EEG) and to the chin to monitor muscle activity, recorded as the electromyogram (EMG). (wikipedia.org)
A Sleep Laboratory comprises one or several small bedrooms adjacent to an Observation Room where the experimenter spends the night by preparing the sleeper for electrophysiological measurements which are conducted by attaching electrodes to the scalp so as to monitor the Electroencephalogram (EEG) as well as to the chin in order to monitor muscle activity that is recorded as Electromyogram (EMG) . (gabriellaphilippou.com)
A standard somnograph consisting of electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), and electromyogram (EMG) was recorded, together with skin, rectal, and tympanic temperature and oxygen consumption (VO2). (wshu.org)
EEG data are combined with those from concurrent recording of eye movements from the electrooculogram (EOG), and muscle tone from the electromyogram (EMG) to define the states of sleep and wakefulness. (scholarpedia.org)
Electroencephalogram1
Methods: We developed and implemented a real-time sleep staging system that integrates a wearable eye mask for high-quality electroencephalogram/electrooculogram measurement and a mobile device with MobileNETV2 deep learning model for sleep-stage identification. (ncu.edu.tw)
Wakefulness3
On EEG, wakefulness characterized by eye opening, crying, and vigorous motor behavior accompanied by irregular vital signs on recordings (ECG, respiration) is marked by a low-amplitude activity and discontinuous 4-7 cps theta activity interspersed with low-voltage delta rhythms. (medscape.com)
In fact, the EEG in humans during REM sleep is essentially identical to that recorded during wakefulness, but the EOG reveals rapid bursts of eye movements, hence the name of the state. (scholarpedia.org)
At sleep onset in humans, the low voltage, high frequency EEG pattern of wakefulness, often with alpha waves when the eyes are closed, gradually changes to Stage 1 sleep as the EEG frequencies slow. (scholarpedia.org)
Signals4
Small, comfortable graphene sensors can measure a variety of bodily signals, including respirations, vocalizations, temperature, and gestures, through tests such as electroencephalograms (EEGs) that quantify brain waves and electrooculograms (EOCs) that measure eyemovement. (azosensors.com)
Conclusion: These experimental results demonstrate that our system provides high scoring agreements in sleep staging and unbiased sleep measurements owing to the use of EEG and EOG signals and powerful mobile computing based on deep learning networks. (ncu.edu.tw)
click below to search the Signals & Measurements index or to learn about the variety of data and analysis options related to an Application area, choose from the list below. (biopac.com)
Monitoring and analysis of bioelectrical signals and movements can aid diagnosis, prevention, and examination of a wide range of issues. (encyclopedia.pub)
Periods of rapid2
They also showed that these periods of rapid eye movements during the night were associated with dreaming. (wshu.org)
Slow sleep is interrupted by periods of rapid eyemovement (REM, i.e., active or paradoxical) sleep, when, despite all the overt signs of continuing sleep, the activity of the brain is remarkably different. (scholarpedia.org)
Electrodes2
Electrodes attached around the eyes monitor eye movements, recorded as the electro-oculogram (EOG). (wikipedia.org)
Electrodes for electrophysiological measures were applied in the recording room adjacent to the bedroom (Ta approximately 22 degrees C). Subjects then entered the 3.0 X 3.0 X 2.7 meter shielded bedroom where thermocouples for temperature measurements were attached. (wshu.org)
Results: The averaged scoring agreements for the wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eyemovement stages were 85.20%, 87.17%, 82.87%, and 89.30%, respectively, for our system compared with the manual scoring of PSG recordings. (ncu.edu.tw)
Research to date on humans has tended to substantiate the finding in various animal species that thermoregulatory processes are curtailed or abolished during rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep. (wshu.org)
Effect of wake-sleep transitions and rapid eyemovementsleep on pharyngeal muscle response to negative pressure in humans. (lookformedical.com)
4-6 The sleep abnormalities include daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep at night, nocturnal awakening, decreased sleep time, and abnormalities in the percentage of rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep. (bmj.com)
The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in polysomnographic and cephalometric features according to positional and rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep dependencies in obstructive sleep apnea patients. (researchsquare.com)
Another phenotype that can be identified in OSA patients is based on the rapid eyemovement (REM) relatedness of respiratory events. (researchsquare.com)
No significant differences were observed between the proposed system and manual PSG scoring in terms of the percentage of each stage and the objective sleep measurements. (ncu.edu.tw)
Objective To assess the diagnostic value of the bereitschaftspotential (BP) in jerky movement disorders. (bmj.com)
Clinical2
The classification of jerky movements is a clinical challenge on the border of neurology and psychiatry. (bmj.com)
In everyday clinical practice visual electrodiagnostic tests include: EOG (electrooculogram) for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) evaluation, ERG (electroretinogram) for retinal function evaluation and VEP (visual evoked potentials) for post retinal visual pathway evaluation. (wspos.org)
Graphical2
The EOG is displayed as a voltage time plot that enables the graphical display of eye movements. (wspos.org)
To compare aberrant and normal foot pressure measurements, this project was implemented using the graphical programming language LabVIEW. (listyaan.com)
Alpha Waves1
Although Alpha Waves sometimes occur when a person's eyes are open, they are much more prevalent when the eyes are closed. (gabriellaphilippou.com)
Term1
As for amplitude measurements, 2-channel aEEG appears considerably more sensitive in detecting cerebral injury in the term encephalopathic infant, in comparison with a single-channel aEEG, especially in the setting of unilateral injury. (medscape.com)
Frequency1
Myoclonic jerks are brief, irregular muscular contractions, whereas psychogenic jerks and motor tics are repetitive stereotyped movements that vary in frequency, distribution, and severity. (bmj.com)
Disorders1
Ophthalmology lecture series detailing the anatomy and physiology of the eye, ocular diseases and disorders encompassing both the more common conditions to the more complicated cases, proper intervention and management techniques. (uottawa.ca)
Brain3
REM sleep is characterized by the rapid eye movements and several less detectible but important factors which include a lack of delta waves (slow, large amplitude brain waves), flaccid musculature, fluctuating heartbeat, erratic respiration, genital changes and, significantly, dreaming. (gabriellaphilippou.com)
Present research efforts are directed at developing sensors capable of interfacing with nearly every body part, including the brain, eyes, and mouth. (azosensors.com)
Though several research works have already achieved success in generating the correct grasp type from their brain measurement, the team was searching for fine control over an object with a grasp's assistive device (orthosis/exoskeleton/robotic arm). (iskulltech.com)
Voluntary2
Patients with this ALS disorder can select an object with their integral eyemovement, but due to lack of voluntary muscle control cannot move their limb. (iskulltech.com)
Many of the now existing vision systems are integrated with electromyography and to some extent requires a slight amount of voluntary muscle movement to control the vision system. (iskulltech.com)
Light2
Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. (childrensmercy.org)
Physiological measurement was carried out during a process of 22 minutes of light exposure followed by 20 minutes of sleep in darkness. (lookformedical.com)
Visual1
Neuro-ophthalmology, the nervous system as it relates to the eye with particular attention to the sensory visual pathway and pupil function. (uottawa.ca)
Close1
During this stage, the eyelids of the person open and close and the eyes roll upward and downward. (gabriellaphilippou.com)
Muscle1
During this state, the EOG can show gradual rolling eye movements and there is low or minimal muscle activity. (scholarpedia.org)
Activity3
They constitute the majority of waves recorded by EEG registering the activity of the parietal and occipital lobes when the individual is awake, but relaxed with the eyes closed. (lookformedical.com)
If a relaxed person is told to open their eyes, one observes alpha activity decreasing and an increase in beta activity. (explained.today)
In rodents, the EEG is typically dominated by frequencies in the theta band during REM sleep and phasic activity appears as twitching of the vibrissae as well as eye movements. (scholarpedia.org)
Type1
It is important to annotate the tracing with particular attention to the presence and type of eye movements, facial movements, respiration (regular or irregular), sucking, crying, grimacing, and so on. (medscape.com)
Patients1
A novel finding of our study is the absence of a BP prior to intentional movements for patients with psychogenic jerks. (bmj.com)
Techniques1
The study of the Microbiology including bacterial flora of the conjunctiva and eyelid, bacteria associated with eye disease, basics of ocular cultures and techniques for specimen staining. (uottawa.ca)
Presence2
The key to the diagnosis of tics is the presence of a premonitory urge preceding the movements and the ability of suppression. (bmj.com)
The presence of parasomnias such as restless leg syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLMS), and bruxism (teeth grinding) can identify the patient for an increased hazard from OSA. (nih.gov)
Signal1
The advancement of multi-modal sensors that seamlessly transition between signal measurements, such as perceiving sound, and signal output, like generating sound, holds significant promise for HMIs. (azosensors.com)
Addition1
In addition, the various jerky movements were imitated by 25 healthy subjects. (bmj.com)
Journal1
Fifty years ago, two researchers at the University of Chicago reported in the journal Science that people moved their eyes even when they were fast asleep. (wshu.org)
Control1
In healthy control subjects, a BP was found preceding all movements in all cases. (bmj.com)