Regulated by the androgen receptorProliferationMediateAgonistVitroInhibitionMediatesAndrogen receptorsNicotinicEndogenousBindsPhysiologicalRegulateDifferentiationEstrogen receptorsPharmacologicalEndothelial cellsActivationMRNAInterestinglyPostsynapticSignalingApoptosisSubtypesLuteinizing hormone receptorModulatorsEpithelialTherapeuticNeurotransmitterChimericRatsSignificantlyHistaminePeroxisomeAgonistsAntagonistSerotoninPathwaysSuperfamilyMesenchymalProtein2022ExtrasynapticMutational AnalysisLigandHormoneStromalStimulationVivoIsoformsPhenotypeNeurotransmittersBone marrowAntigen-preseActivatesMaturationRegulationHumansEfficacyStem cellsLymphoidGABAInducePotentiateGene expressionBeneficial effectsAntibodyGranulosa cellsSignal transductionExertTumorsUptakeGenesTumorHumanTissue
Regulated by the androgen receptor1
- In fact, cellular PSMA expression is regulated by the androgen receptor (AR), which is frequently targeted during prostate cancer treatments and can therefore confound interpretation. (snmjournals.org)
Proliferation15
- Mas1 receptor agonists and blockers induced HTR8/Svneo cells and BeWo cells , and the effects of the Mas1 receptor on the proliferation and migration of trophoblast cells were detected by the CCK8 proliferation test and scratch test. (bvsalud.org)
- Activation/inhibition of the Mas1 receptor had no significant effect on the proliferation of HTR8/Svneo cells and BeWo cells . (bvsalud.org)
- It is believed that TGF-β1 signalling is involved in controlling epithelial cell proliferation, to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it plays a major role in lung fibrosis and emphysema. (springer.com)
- On the other hand, α7 nAChR mediates oncogenic signal transduction during cancer development, promotes cancer cell proliferation and metastasis in lung, gastrointestinal, and bladder tissues [35,68]. (researchgate.net)
- Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
- Its best-known actions in β-cells are to augment meal-related insulin secretion and over the long-term to increase proinsulin synthesis and β-cell proliferation and survival ( 3 , 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
- Knockdown of CASP5 greatly inhibited GBM proliferation and resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest along with higher apoptosis ratios in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression led to the opposite phenomenon. (cancerindex.org)
- This study investigated the effect of acylated synthetic ghrelin (AG) on the survival and proliferation of human chemosensitive ovarian cancer cells (A2780) and explored some mechanisms of action with a focus on the p53 apoptotic pathway and PI3K/Akt and NF- κ B survival pathways. (hindawi.com)
- However, while AG treatment had no effect on control cell viability, it significantly increased cell viability and proliferation and inhibited cell death in Cis-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
- Among them and over decades of research, it was shown that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is one of the most frequently hyperactive pathways in OC as well as other types of solid tumors and is associated with increased cell growth, proliferation, migration, protein synthesis, survival, and chemotherapy resistance [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells localized preferentially in the bone marrow (BM). (aacrjournals.org)
- In preparation to apply various toxicants to the developed in vitro human neuronal stem cells, the team has characterized a number of PCB's and PAH compounds for their ability to (a) induce various signal transduction mechanisms and (b) inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
- that critically influences cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis ( Miele and Osborne, 1999 ). (elifesciences.org)
- B-cell disorders are divided into defects of B-cell development/immunoglobulin production ( immunodeficiencies ) and excessive/uncontrolled proliferation ( lymphomas , leukemias ). (medscape.com)
- These pathways converge toward the activation of transcription factors, resulting in B-cell activation and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Mediate2
- Thus, we are interesting in determine which serotonin receptors, in man, mediate specific effects of DMT. (erowid.org)
- Androgen receptors mediate the influence of free testosterone on protein synthesis, so an increase in the number of the body's androgen receptors allows for enhanced utilization of training-induced free testosterone at the muscle fiber level. (bodybuilding.com)
Agonist7
- In addition to the evidence for a role of 5-HT2C receptor stimulation in depressive symptoms there also is evidence that activation of 5-HT2C receptors may have beneficial effects upon certain aspects of depression, one group of researchers found that direct stimulation of 5-HT2C receptors with a 5-HT2C agonist reduced cognitive deficits in mice with a TPH2 loss-of-function mutation. (wikipedia.org)
- Although GABA activates synaptic (αβγ) GABA A receptors with high efficacy, partial agonist activation of αβγ isoforms and GABA activation of the primary extrasynaptic (αβδ) GABA A receptors are limited to low-efficacy activity, characterized by minimal desensitization and brief openings. (jneurosci.org)
- It is even more intriguing to consider the potential plasticity of allosteric modulation given the observation of agonist-dependent functional properties of GABA A receptors. (jneurosci.org)
- The mechanisms of these vaso-protective effects of a Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991, remain unclear. (gla.ac.uk)
- Conclusions & implications: Selective Mas receptor agonist AVE0991 possesses anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties, affecting monocyte/macrophage differentiation and recruitment to perivascular space at early stages of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. (gla.ac.uk)
- The article, entitled " The pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor improves portal hypertension and hepatic fibrosis in experimental advanced chronic liver disease" , discusses the effects of Inventiva's lead drug candidate lanifibranor, a pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (pan-PPAR) agonist, in two distinct pre-clinical models of cirrhosis and in human liver cells from cirrhotic patients. (einpresswire.com)
- These studies, which combine two pre-clinical models of cirrhosis and human liver cells cultured in advanced in vitro systems, show that the pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor improves the functionality of the cells that compose the liver microcirculatory system, leading to an improvement in portal hypertension and fibrosis. (einpresswire.com)
Vitro12
- Proteogenomics was applied here to investigate this phenomeon in platelets activated in vitro with Collagen or Thrombin Receptor Activating Peptide. (nature.com)
- This in vitro model system, by virtue of its simplicity and accessibility, provides a unique opportunity for examining the network effects of neuromodulation, as well as the underlying cellular mechanisms. (springer.com)
- We employed in vitro cultures and two in vivo models to investigate whether androgens exert these effects directly on marrow lymphoid precursors or whether actions on marrow stromal elements are required. (jci.org)
- In vitro studies of INS-1 cells confirmed that PPAR-γ binds to the putative PPRE sequence and regulates GIP-R transcription. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Importantly, CD19-CAR T cells modified by MC-based SB transposition were equally effective as LV transduced CD19-CAR T cells in vitro and in a murine xenograft model (NSG/Raji-ffLuc), where a single administration of CD8+ and CD4+ CAR T cells led to complete eradication of lymphoma and memory formation of CAR T cells after lymphoma clearance. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- This was accomplished using non-viral CRISPR/Cas9 via pre-assemble Cas9 protein and in vitro-transcribed sgRNA (Cas9 RNP). (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- However, how presynaptic scaffold assembly and maturation are controlled and coupled spatiotemporally to the postsynaptic assembly of neurotransmitter receptors remains largely unknown, although trans-synaptic signalling via Neurexin-1 (Nrx-1)-Neuroligin-1 (Nlg1) adhesion molecules is a strong candidate for a conserved 'master module' in this context, based on Nrx-Nlg signalling promoting synaptogenesis in vitro, synapses of rodents, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila (Muhammad, 2015). (sdbonline.org)
- Mas receptors were expressed in pVAT and in THP-1 cells in vitro and anti-inflammatory effects of AVE0991 were partially Mas dependent. (gla.ac.uk)
- The objective of this study was to determine the gene expression profiles of the androgen/androgen receptor (AR) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)/ Sry-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9) pathways in granulosa-luteal cells from patients undergoing standard in vitro fertilization (IVF) with or without recombinant luteinizing hormone (rLH) therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
- The effects of androgen and rLH treatments on AR and AMH expression levels were also tested in vitro using HO23 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- ABSTRACT To investigate the effects of silymarin on follicular development, we enrolled 40 healthy women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) due to male factor infertility in this trial. (who.int)
- RÉSUMÉ Pour étudier les effets de la silymarine sur le développement folliculaire, nous avons recruté 40 femmes en bonne santé subissant une fécondation in vitro (FIV) en raison d'une infertilité masculine. (who.int)
Inhibition7
- The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of androgen receptor (AR) inhibition on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake imaged using 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET in a mouse xenograft model and in a patient with castration-sensitive prostate cancer. (snmjournals.org)
- As opposed to prostate-specific antigen levels, PSMA expression on the cell surface increases with AR inhibition ( 10 - 12 ). (snmjournals.org)
- In this regard, CBD inhibition of 5-HT 3 receptors may contribute to its role in modulation of nociception and emesis, potentiation of GABA receptors may account for its anti-seizure, anxiolytic and analgesic effects, and potentiation of glycine receptors may be relevant for CBD anti-nociceptive actions [3,16, 22] . (researchgate.net)
- We next utilized S100A9 knockout (KO) mice to address the question of whether the anti-tumor effect of tasquinimod is mediated through inhibition of S100A9. (aacrjournals.org)
- These data suggest that the anti-MM effect of tasqunimod is indeed mediated through inhibition of S100A9. (aacrjournals.org)
- DLL-4, in turn, instigated neighbouring platelets to switch to 'activated' phenotype through cleavage of Notch receptor and release of its intracellular domain (NICD), which was averted by inhibition of γ-secretase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). (elifesciences.org)
- [ 8 ] Caspase inhibition in clonal striatal cells showed no correlation between the reduction of aggregates in the cells and increased survival. (medscape.com)
Mediates3
- It is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is coupled to Gq/G11 and mediates excitatory neurotransmission. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, if pre-treatment with a serotonin-1A blocking drug enhances visual effects, but reduces beta-endorphin stimulation, we can suggest that the serotonin-1A receptor mediates those functions. (erowid.org)
- In the mouse model that mimics atopic dermatitis in humans, the histamine (H4) receptor mediates both TH-2 inflammation and pruritus. (medscape.com)
Androgen receptors4
- These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
- Researchers know that the only way to do this is by increasing androgen receptors found in muscle cells. (bodybuilding.com)
- In the 21-day human clinical study, L-Carnitine increased the number of pre-workout androgen receptors compared to results produced by a placebo group. (bodybuilding.com)
- L-Carnitine's biological effects on androgen receptors is key in its ability to enhance the body's physiological ability to draw more free testosterone into your muscle cells. (bodybuilding.com)
Nicotinic1
- Furthermore, all ACh-induced cellular and network changes were blocked by muscarinic, but not nicotinic receptor antagonists. (springer.com)
Endogenous6
- The 5-HT2C receptor is a subtype of 5-HT receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). (wikipedia.org)
- Allosteric conversion of partial to full agonism may be a general mechanism for reversibly scaling the efficacy of GABA A receptors to endogenous partial agonists. (jneurosci.org)
- Despite evidence that some endogenous and synthetic cannabinoids interact with GABAA receptors, no-one has yet investigated the effects of CBD. (researchgate.net)
- The advances in genetic engineering have enabled us to confer T cells new desired functions or delete their specific undesired endogenous properties for improving their antitumor function. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- One example is adoptive cell therapy with T cells that were genetically modified with gamma-retroviral and lentiviral (LV) delivery vectors to express a CD19-specific chimeric The advances in genetic engineering have enabled us to confer T cells new desired functions or delete their specific undesired endogenous properties for improving their antitumor function. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Among a ll, accumulating evidence has shown that ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), may play a crucial role in the development and progression of numerous kinds of solid tumors [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Binds4
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a 42-amino acid incretin hormone that binds to a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GIP-R) that is expressed in numerous tissues including islet β-cells and α-cells ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
- In Drosophila, the Syd-1-PDZ domain binds the Nrx-1 C terminus and couples pre- with postsynaptic maturation at nascent synapses of glutamatergic neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in Drosophila larvae. (sdbonline.org)
- Function of S100A9 could be blocked with tasquinimod (ABR-215050, Active Biotech/IPSEN), a quinoline-3-carboxamide derivative that binds to S100A9 and inhibits interaction with its receptors. (aacrjournals.org)
- The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (imperial.ac.uk)
Physiological4
- Several reports have shown modulation of Cys-loop receptors by phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids independent of cannabinoid receptors with potential physiological or therapeutic consequences. (researchgate.net)
- The EV composition depends on the producer cell type and its physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
- While the contribution of these mechanisms to cell and tissue identity is widely accepted, their role in physiological and pathological contexts within tissues is just beginning to be appreciated. (imperial.ac.uk)
- This requires complex physiological activities between the ends of different nerve cells (neurons), the synapses. (technologynetworks.com)
Regulate3
- 5-HT2C receptors are claimed to significantly regulate mood, anxiety, feeding, and reproductive behavior. (wikipedia.org)
- another ER chaperone), and becomes available to regulate inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor-mediated Ca 2+ release to maintain mitochondrial Ca 2+ homeostasis. (molvis.org)
- The complex is thought to regulate Ig gene rearrangements in the early steps of B-cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
Differentiation1
- Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)
Estrogen receptors1
- Besides functioning as an antioxidant and anthelmintic , many isoflavones have been shown to interact with animal and human estrogen receptors , causing effects in the body similar to those caused by the hormone estrogen . (wikipedia.org)
Pharmacological3
- CBD modulation of Cys-loop receptors has pharmacological relevance. (researchgate.net)
- The effects of highly purified pharmacological grade hyaluronan of defined molecular weights 11, 52, 87, 250 and 970 kilodaltons were tested on mouse macrophage cell lines RAW 264.7 and MHS. (nel.edu)
- In this study, we found that Res at pharmacological doses effectively attenuated PQ-induced cell toxicity and fibrogenic response in human lung cells. (cdc.gov)
Endothelial cells4
- They include endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. (frontiersin.org)
- The drug candidate also reduced ascites, sinusoidal capillarization, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) activated phenotypes as well as microvascular function and liver inflammation. (einpresswire.com)
- We present a rate equation model for the TGF-b pathway in endothelial cells together with novel measurements. (lu.se)
- endothelial cells. (lu.se)
Activation9
- Activation of this receptor by serotonin inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine release in certain areas of the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- Activation of 5-HT2C by serotonin is responsible for many of the negative side effects of SSRI and SNRI medications, such as sertraline, paroxetine, venlafaxine, and others. (wikipedia.org)
- Figure 1 Illustration demonstrating a hypothetical summary of the potential effect of aryl-hydrocarbon receptor activation on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell function. (wjgnet.com)
- These results indicate that RNA splicing events occur in platelets during activation and that maturation of specific pre-mRNAs is part of the activation cascade, contributing to a dynamic fine-tuning of the transcriptome. (nature.com)
- Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
- In conclusion, the findings of this study show that AG promotes cell survival of the OC cells and renders them resistat to Cis therapy, an effect that is mediated by the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and activation of NF- κ B, and requires GHS-R1a. (hindawi.com)
- Several coactivator proteins have been shown to bind steroid receptors and enhance their interaction with basal transcription factors, thereby amplifying the transcriptional activation potential of the receptor. (biomedcentral.com)
- Following B-cell receptor activation, 2 waves of tyrosine kinase phosphorylation occur. (medscape.com)
- The B-cell receptor is formed from the noncovalent association between surface IgM or IgD and 2 transmembrane proteins, IgA and immunoglobulin B. The presence of CD22 and CD19/CD21 on the cell surface, playing the role of coreceptorlike molecules, is necessary for the activation of the receptor. (medscape.com)
MRNA9
- Mas1 receptors in normal placental villi tissue were mainly expressed in human trophoblast stem cell membranes and cytoplasm , and the expression of Mas1 receptor mRNA in villi tissue was significantly higher in late pregnancy than in mid- pregnancy . (bvsalud.org)
- Interestingly, it has been shown that platelets contain a broad spectrum of RNA molecules, including, in addition to mRNAs and miRNAs, also pre-mRNAs and a role of mRNA splicing in regulation of platelet protein synthesis has been proposed 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
- mRNA of ghrelin receptors(GHS-R1a and GHS-R1b), as well as, protein levels of GHS-R1a, were expressed abundantly in A2780 cells. (hindawi.com)
- AG treatment did not affect the mRNA and protein levels of GHS-R1a and GHS-R1b in both control and Cis-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
- Interestingly, mRNA of AG and its own receptor, GHS-R1a, are widely expressed, but to a less extent, in a variety of normal tissues [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
- RT-PCR and Western blot analyses indicate that oligodendrocyte precursors and mature oligodendrocytes express mRNA and protein for LPA1, one of several LPA receptors. (nih.gov)
- Recent studies into pre-mRNA splicing and alternative splicing (AS) and their effects on gene expression have revealed considerable transcriptional complexity in the liver, both in health and disease. (imperial.ac.uk)
- Moreover, granulosa-luteal cell mRNA levels of LHR, AR, AMH, and SOX9 were significantly higher in the rLH supplementation group relative to the group that did not receive rLH supplementation. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition, we observed significant correlations between LHR and AR mRNA expression and among AR, AMH, and SOX9 mRNA expression in granulosa-luteal cells from patients undergoing standard IVF treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly2
- Interestingly, pre-incubating the cells with either [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 or LY294002 completely abolished the above-mentioned effect of AG in both control and Cis-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
- Interestingly, perivascular adipose tissue (pVAT) and adventitial infiltration with macrophages and T cells precedes atherosclerotic plaque or the impairment of endothelium-dependent NO bioavailability as a measure of endothelial function. (gla.ac.uk)
Postsynaptic5
- With whole-cell recording from single neurons, we found that ACh inhibited excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) while elevating neuronal firing in a dose-dependent manner. (springer.com)
- Also, for the first time, it now is possible to analyze pre- and postsynaptic effects of wild-type and/or genetically modified synapses in a simple neuronal network. (technologynetworks.com)
- Furthermore, most experimental set-ups only allow the analysis of mono-directional transmission, i.e., studying only pre- or postsynaptic effects, and only between certain types of cells. (technologynetworks.com)
- This in turn results in increased amplitudes of postsynaptic responses and hence allows the reliable detection of changes in postsynaptic receptor function. (technologynetworks.com)
- But the goodies this method offers don't stop there, as Prof. Obermair explains: "Both cells of the cultured paired network can function as stimulated, i.e., presynaptic, and innervated, i.e., postsynaptic neurons. (technologynetworks.com)
Signaling8
- Our studies have shown physiologic and pharmacologic regulation of GIP-R expression in β-cells by PPARγ signaling. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Also disruption of this signaling pathway may account for the lowered β-cell GIP-R expression and resulting GIP resistance in type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Several downstream signaling pathways from the β-cell GIP-R have been characterized. (diabetesjournals.org)
- In both control and Cis-treated cells, AG treatment significantly increased PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and enhanced the nuclear accumulation of NF- κ B. Concomitantly, in both control and Cis-treated cells, AG significantly lowered the protein levels of p53, p-p53 (Ser16), PUMA, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3. (hindawi.com)
- Notch signaling dictates cell fate decisions in mammalian cells including megakaryocytes. (elifesciences.org)
- Signaling is induced through binding of five independent ligands, Delta-like ligands (DLL)-1, 3, 4 and Jagged (Jag)-1 and -2 ( Kopan and Ilagan, 2009 ), to four isoforms of cognate Notch receptors, Notch1 to Notch4, on surface of adjacent cells. (elifesciences.org)
- The hormone estrogen acts as a signaling molecule in cells by binding to its cognate receptor, the estrogen receptor, thereby inducing a range of biological effects. (unibas.ch)
- The study demonstrated that Res prevents PQ-induced ROS production, inflammation, and fibrogenic reactions in cultured cells by activating Nrf2 signaling. (cdc.gov)
Apoptosis2
- The number and quality of oocytes retrieved were evaluated and apoptosis of granolusa cells was studied. (who.int)
- These data suggest that administration of silymarin in IVF patients concomitantly with gonadotropin results in reduction of granolusa cell apoptosis but does not have any effect in promotion of follicular development, oocyte retrieval or endometrial thickness. (who.int)
Subtypes2
- The maximal level of enhancement seen with either CBD or 2-AG were on α2-containing GABAA receptor subtypes, with approximately a 4-fold enhancement of the GABA EC5 evoked current, more than twice the potentiation seen with other α-subunit receptor combinations. (researchgate.net)
- Drugs which block serotonin-2, -1C, and -1A subtypes have been found to block the effects of hallucinogens in lower animals. (erowid.org)
Luteinizing hormone receptor1
- Levels of reproductive hormones in the pre-ovulatory follicular fluid and the expression levels of LHR (luteinizing hormone receptor), AR, SOX9, AMH, AR-associated protein 54(ARA54)and ARA70 were determined in granulosa-luteal cells by real-time reverse-transcription PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
Modulators2
- Many GABA A receptor modulators exhibit clear subunit selectivity ( Olsen and Macdonald, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
- CBD and 2-AG were positive allosteric modulators at α1-6βγ2 receptors, with low micromolar potencies. (researchgate.net)
Epithelial5
- 5-HT2C receptors are also found on epithelial cells lining the ventricles. (wikipedia.org)
- Herein we elaborated effects of TGF-β1 on TJs of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. (springer.com)
- This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)
- We conclude that the observed effects contribute to loss of epithelial integrity during atopic asthma. (springer.com)
- Lung epithelial cells form a barrier that lines airway and alveolar surfaces and constitute an air-liquid interface. (springer.com)
Therapeutic5
- At the conclusion of this Phase I, we will have demonstrated whether GP88 is a candidate for NSCLC targeted therapy and established the optimal therapeutic effects of AG1 for NSCLC. (inknowvation.com)
- This therapeutic approach has shown remarkable results against B-cell malignancies in pilot clinical trials. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- This novel approach dramatically increased stable gene transfer rate and cell viability and resulted in higher yield of CAR+ T cells without the need of long ex vivo expansion to generate therapeutic doses of CAR+ T cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- In the second part of the study, we ablated expression of PD-1, a checkpoint and negative regulator of T cell function to improve the therapeutic index of CAR T cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- In this review, we showcase recent studies on the splicing and AS of key genes in metabolic pathways in the liver, the effect of metabolic signals on the spliceosome, and therapeutic intervention points based on RNA splicing. (imperial.ac.uk)
Neurotransmitter2
- Serotonin is a chemical, a neurotransmitter, which allows nerve cells to communicate with each other across tiny spaces, called 'synapses. (erowid.org)
- Outside the brain, norepinephrine is used as a neurotransmitter by sympathetic ganglia located near the spinal cord or in the abdomen , as well as Merkel cells located in the skin. (wikipedia.org)
Chimeric4
- The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
- Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
- One example is adoptive cell therapy with T cells that were genetically modified with gamma-retroviral and lentiviral (LV) delivery vectors to express a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for cancer treatment. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy for B cell hematologic malignancies results in prolonged B cell depletion. (eventscribe.net)
Rats4
- 5-HT2C receptors are located mainly in the choroid plexus, and in rats is also found in many other brain regions in high concentrations, including parts of the hippocampus, anterior olfactory nucleus, substantia nigra, several brainstem nuclei, amygdala, subthalamic nucleus and lateral habenula. (wikipedia.org)
- In vivo verification was shown by a 70% reduction in GIP-R protein expression in islets from PANC PPARγ −/− mice and a twofold increase in islets of 14-day post-60% Px Sprague-Dawley rats that hyperexpress β-cell PPARγ. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Pre-stroke surgery is not beneficial to normotensive rats undergoing sixty minutes of transient focal cerebral ischemia PLOS ONE. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Two-cell stage embryos derived from the mating of transgenic rats with wild-type rats can be successfully cryopreserved by conventional two-step freezing in the presence of 10% dimethylsulfoxide. (go.jp)
Significantly4
- Furthermore, the migration and invasion ability of GBM cells were significantly decreased after CASP5 down-regulation, while increased migration and invasion can be observed after CASP5 up-regulation. (cancerindex.org)
- Both macrophage cell lines expressed CD44 and Toll-like receptor 2, which were significantly increased by the pre-treatment of macrophages with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. (nel.edu)
- The clinical outcomes were similar in patients who received rLH therapy and those who did not, though the pre-ovulatory follicular fluid levels of androstenedione, testosterone, and estradiol were significantly higher and progesterone was lower in the rLH supplementation group. (biomedcentral.com)
- In contrast, in a fraction of breast cancers cells that express the estrogen receptor proliferate significantly. (unibas.ch)
Histamine2
- Cimetidine treats indigestion by blocking histamine receptors in the gut, which decreases the production of gastric acid. (sciencedaily.com)
- It also appears to block histamine receptors in cancer cells, as well as supporting the immune system's defenses against cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
Peroxisome1
- We previously showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ in β-cells regulates pdx-1 transcription through a functional PPAR response element (PPRE). (diabetesjournals.org)
Agonists1
- Alpha-2 agonists often have a sedating effect and are commonly used as anesthesia enhancers in surgery, as well as in treatment of drug or alcohol dependence . (wikipedia.org)
Antagonist2
- citation needed] Conversely, many SSRIs (but not fluoxetine, which is a 5-HT2C antagonist) indirectly stimulate 5-HT2C activity by increasing levels of serotonin in the synapse although the delayed mood elevation that is usually typical of SSRIs is usually paralleled by the downregulation of the 5-HT2C receptors. (wikipedia.org)
- In some cases, cisplatin+AG-treated cells were pre-incubated either with [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, a ghrelin receptor antagonist, or with LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. (hindawi.com)
Serotonin7
- The 5-HT2C receptor is one of the many binding sites for serotonin. (wikipedia.org)
- Over a period of 1-2 weeks, the receptor begins to downregulate, along with the downregulation of 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, and other serotonin receptors. (wikipedia.org)
- These cells are part of the serotonin system. (erowid.org)
- A serotonin-containing nerve cell which is stimulated beyond a certain threshold 'fires,' releasing serotonin into the synapse, which then attaches to specialized sites on the 'receiving' nerve cell called 'receptors. (erowid.org)
- all of these hormones' regulation is believed controlled, to some extent, by serotonin receptors in the brain. (erowid.org)
- these variables also are regulated to some extent by serotonin nerve cells. (erowid.org)
- Now that we have this data describing effects of DMT by itself, we can pre-treat subjects with drugs that block certain types of serotonin receptors, and see what happens to these factors. (erowid.org)
Pathways1
- The results show that lysophosphatidic acid signalling pathways influence retraction of processes in oligodendrocyte precursors but that this effect changes as oligodendrocytes differentiate. (nih.gov)
Superfamily2
- All members of transforming growth factor superfamily are synthesized as pre-pro-peptides that consist of a short N-terminal signalling peptide, a latency-associated protein (LAP) domain and the mature TGF domain [ 42 ]. (springer.com)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed selectively at the early stages of B cell development, namely, in proB and early preB cells. (nih.gov)
Mesenchymal2
- MSC: Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell. (wjgnet.com)
- The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory properties and a high regenerative capacity. (frontiersin.org)
Protein7
- If you require a native form of the protein please use the live cell version - found here . (abcam.com)
- The evidence that platelets are capable of de novo protein synthesis in response to stimuli raised the issue of how megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs are regulated in these anucleate cell fragments. (nature.com)
- These cells abundantly produce the pro-inflammatory protein S100A9. (aacrjournals.org)
- We demonstrate that targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to CD40 (αCD40.RBD) induces significant levels of specific T and B cells, with long-term memory phenotypes, in a humanized mouse model. (nature.com)
- They found that the compounds showing the most promising results were inhibitors of an essential cell cycle protein called polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). (unibas.ch)
- Inhibiting this protein resulted in the desired increased expression of the estrogen receptor. (unibas.ch)
- We show that the protein is required at an early, but post-receptor engagement, stage of the viral lifecycle. (cdc.gov)
20221
- May 31, 2022 A type of white blood cell previously known only as a helper in the immune system appears also to be the instigator of the body's defenses against cancerous tumors. (sciencedaily.com)
Extrasynaptic2
- Here we used two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology to compare the actions of CBD with those of the major central endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) on human recombinant GABAA receptors (synaptic α1-6βg2 and extrasynaptic α4β2δ) expressed on Xenopus oocytes. (researchgate.net)
- Exploration of extrasynaptic α4β2δ receptors revealed that both compounds enhanced GABA EC5 evoked currents at concentrations ranging from 0.01-1 μM. (researchgate.net)
Mutational Analysis1
- Mutational Analysis of the VPREB1 Gene of Pre-BCR Complex in a Cohort of Sporadic Pediatric Patients With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. (nih.gov)
Ligand2
- 5-HT2C receptors exhibit constitutive activity in vivo, and may retain the ability to influence neurotransmission in the absence of ligand occupancy. (wikipedia.org)
- The sigma-1 receptor (σR1), a ligand-operated chaperone, has been inferred to be neuroprotective in previous studies using σR1 ligands. (molvis.org)
Hormone1
- Analyses that examined hormone receptor status showed a positive but not significant association for PM2.5 in cases of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. (medscape.com)
Stromal3
- Immature B cells from normal mouse bone marrow were not responsive to the suppressive effect of androgens unless they were cocultured with marrow stromal cells or with supernatants from androgen-treated stromal cells, suggesting that the androgen effects are exerted through marrow stromal elements by production of a diffusible mediator. (jci.org)
- Further experiments revealed that bone marrow stromal cells produced TGF-β in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and neutralization of TGF-β in the DHT-treated stromal cells reversed the suppressive effects. (jci.org)
- The stromal cell products responsible for these effects of estrogens have not been identified. (jci.org)
Stimulation2
- Stimulation of opioid mu receptors accentuates pruritus, while stimulation of kappa receptors and blockage of mu receptors suppress pruritus. (medscape.com)
- The experiments consist of kinetic (time- kinetic data is typically not sufficient to constrain the course) measurements after TGF-b stimulation under differ- parameter values to a single optimal solution, and multiple ent conditions: untreated cells and three cases in which parameter sets can explain the available data. (lu.se)
Vivo3
- Studies targeted at establishing such effects at cellular level and their correlations with in vivo models, will broaden our understanding of the roles played by androgens on skeletal muscle function in elderly. (frontiersin.org)
- Using an in vivo model of MM, we have recently demonstrated that a population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the BM microenvironment is involved in the regulation of MM progression. (aacrjournals.org)
- The anti-tumor effect of tasquinimod was initially evaluated in vivo in a syngeneic MM model. (aacrjournals.org)
Isoforms3
- Furthermore, the results show that all three PPAR isoforms were downregulated in both cirrhotic patients as well as in the pre-clinical models. (einpresswire.com)
- Moreover, differential expression of PPAR isoforms was observed in different liver cell types, emphasizing the importance of targeting all three isoforms for the treatment of cirrhosis. (einpresswire.com)
- The beneficial effects are based on our lead drug candidate lanifibranor's capacity to target all three PPAR isoforms concomitantly and further encourage its clinical evaluation for the treatment of cirrhosis. (einpresswire.com)
Phenotype1
- B Cell Development and Its Deregulation to Transformed States at the Pre-B Cell Receptor-Expressing Pre-BII Cell Stage -- Gene Expression Patterns in Human and Mouse B Cell Development -- New Insights into the Phenotype and Cell Derivation of B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia -- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Molecular Genetics and Animal Models -- What Do Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch Recombination Teach Us About Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Pathogenesis? (epa.gov)
Neurotransmitters2
- Many atypical antipsychotics block 5-HT2C receptors, but their clinical use is limited by multiple undesirable actions on various neurotransmitters and receptors[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, neurotransmitters are released and bound by receptors, as well as recycled again by later uptake mechanisms. (technologynetworks.com)
Bone marrow4
- Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
- Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that gonadal steroids exert effects on the development of B cells in bone marrow. (jci.org)
- Androgens also exert effects on B cell development in bone marrow. (jci.org)
- Both continue their development in the bone marrow through an antigen-independent process called primary lymphopoiesis (PL). Recognized stages of PL are pro-B cell, pre-B cell, immature B cell, and mature B cell. (medscape.com)
Antigen-prese3
- Here, we present a new generation of subunit vaccines targeting viral antigens to CD40-expressing antigen-presenting cells. (nature.com)
- Secondary lymphopoiesis (SL) begins when mature B cells enter the extrafollicular area of lymphoid tissue and differentiate into short-lived plasma cells and memory cells after first being stimulated by antigen-presenting cells. (medscape.com)
- SL is an antigen-dependent process and requires the collaboration of antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells and macrophages), CD4 + T lymphocytes, and different cytokines. (medscape.com)
Activates1
- We demonstrate that TGF-β1 activates TGF-β1 receptors TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 resulting in ALK5-mediated phosphorylation of SMAD2. (springer.com)
Maturation1
- In this characteristic, they resemble stem cells or cells in an early stage of maturation. (unibas.ch)
Regulation2
- Further knowledge of the integrin-mediated regulation of cell growth and cell survival may facilitate our understanding of many key aspects of development and physiology in reproduction. (go.jp)
- There are many aspects to blood sugar regulation beyond the health of your insulin receptor sites. (peoplesrx.com)
Humans3
- HTR2C denotes the human gene encoding for the receptor, that in humans is located at the X chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
- The effect seen in cell and animal models can be recapitulated in humans. (snmjournals.org)
- BNT162b2 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and poly-specific T cells in humans. (cdc.gov)
Efficacy6
- The unusual sensitivity of αβδ receptor channels to neurosteroid modulation prompted investigation of whether this high sensitivity was dependent on the δ subunit or the low-efficacy channel function that it confers. (jneurosci.org)
- αβγ) of neurosteroid modulation could be reversed by conditions that reversed isoform-specific activity modes, including the use of β-alanine to achieve increased efficacy with αβδ receptors and taurine to render αβγ receptors low efficacy. (jneurosci.org)
- We suggest that neurosteroids preferentially enhance low-efficacy GABA A receptor activity independent of subunit composition. (jneurosci.org)
- The potency of CBD increased and efficacy preserved in binary α1/α2β2 receptors indicating that their effects do not involve the classic benzodiazepine site. (researchgate.net)
- The specific aims are: 1) Determine the efficacy and potency of anti-human GP88 monoclonal antibody AG1 in mono-therapy for non small cell carcinoma in nude mice xenograft models. (inknowvation.com)
- Cimetidine is one of the most interesting examples of repurposed drugs in oncology -- a drug with an extensive history of pre-clinical and clinical evidence of efficacy in a range of different cancers and with multiple mechanisms of action at work," says Pantziarka. (sciencedaily.com)
Stem cells2
- Human trophoblast stem cells were isolated and cultured from early pregnancy villous tissues . (bvsalud.org)
- Cancer cells resemble stem cells in being extremely adaptable. (unibas.ch)
Lymphoid2
- It is also the prototype of B-cell chronic lymphoid malignancies and of their ramifications within the fields of hematology, immunology and oncology. (epa.gov)
- B and T cells, type 2 dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells share a common ancestor, ie, common lymphoid progenitor (CLP). (medscape.com)
GABA1
- the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), THC and CBD potentiate GABA A receptors [21, 22] . (researchgate.net)
Induce2
- Our initial idea was to induce estrogen receptor expression in order to convert triple-negative breast cancer into estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer because of more effective treatment options available for this subtype," says the study's lead author Dr. Milica Vulin. (unibas.ch)
- Mechanistic analyses revealed that Res activated the oxidant/antioxidant-activated receptor Nrf2 to induce cytoprotective genes. (cdc.gov)
Potentiate1
- We will determine if AG1 combined with each chemotherapeutic drug will potentiate its effect. (inknowvation.com)
Gene expression1
- Cytokine therapy has been shown to increase 5-HT2C gene expression, resulting in increased activity of 5-HT2C receptors in the brain[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
Beneficial effects1
- They might help prevent heart disease and have other beneficial effects. (medlineplus.gov)
Antibody4
- 2) Determine the effect of AG1 antibody in combination therapy with chemotherapeutic agents (docetaxel, cisplatin and gemcitabine) that are used in the standard of care for NSCLC. (inknowvation.com)
- Based on the promising results achieved from antibody-mediated PD-1 blockade in the treatment of hematological and solid tumors, we are confident that PD-1 knockout CAR T cells enhance the potency of CAR T cell therapies for treatment of cancers without the side effects of antibody-based therapies. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Serum collected from tasquinimod or vehicle control treated MM- bearing mice two weeks after tumor cell inoculation, was subjected to a Mouse Angiogenesis Proteome Profiler Antibody Array (R&D). A significant decrease in serum levels of pro-angiogenic factors including VEGF, FGF2, tissue factor, and endoglin was detected in tasquinimod-treated mice. (aacrjournals.org)
- Centroblasts progress to centrocytes with high-affinity antibody production, and then they differentiate further to long-term memory cells and plasmablasts. (medscape.com)
Granulosa cells1
- Ovarian androgens are produced by thecal cells and exert their action in a paracrine fashion on granulosa cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Signal transduction1
- MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)
Exert2
- In the brain, noradrenaline is produced in nuclei that are small yet exert powerful effects on other brain areas. (wikipedia.org)
- Many important psychiatric drugs exert strong effects on noradrenaline systems in the brain, resulting in side-effects that may be helpful or harmful. (wikipedia.org)
Tumors2
- There is an urgent need to set up laboratory studies to investigate the effects of these small air pollutant particles on the latency, grade, aggression , and progression of breast tumors," he added. (medscape.com)
- Resolving the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Wilms Tumors through Spatial Mapping of Cancer Cell Evolution. (lu.se)
Uptake3
- Uptake on pre- and posttreatment imaging was measured and compared. (snmjournals.org)
- In turn, this can promote a more efficient uptake of glucose into the cells where it can be used for cellular fuel and converted into energy. (peoplesrx.com)
- Diabetes - alpha-lipoic acid increases glucose uptake into muscle cells and increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (21,22). (peoplesrx.com)
Genes1
- In the first part of the study, we engineered CAR T cells through non-viral Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposition of CAR genes from minimalistic DNA vectors called minicircles rather than conventional SB plasmids. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Tumor4
- in mice bearing PSMA-expressing xenografts demonstrated that PSMA expression is increased with both orchiectomy and enzalutamide ( 11 ), a finding that has recently been reproduced in multiple prostate cancer cell lines and circulating tumor cells ( 13 , 14 ). (snmjournals.org)
- Here, using pre-clinical models of MM, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of tasquinimod. (aacrjournals.org)
- Taken together, our data suggest that targeting S100A9 with tasquinimod results in a strong anti-tumor effect in pre-clinical models of MM. This effect is associated with reduced angiogenesis in the BM. (aacrjournals.org)
- It will be important to test if pollutants allow cells in breast tissue with pre-existing mutations to expand and drive tumor promotion, possibly through inflammatory processes, similar to our observations in nonsmokers with lung cancer," said Swanton in the ESMO press release. (medscape.com)
Human8
- Expression of Mas1 receptor in human placenta and its effect on the function of trophoblast cells in pre-eclampsia patients]. (bvsalud.org)
- Due to their efficient gene delivery, viral vectors have been successfully used in T-cell engineering to provide gene transfer medicinal products for the treatment of human disease. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Human A2780 ovarian cancer cells were cultured with or without AG treatment in the presence or absence of cisplatin. (hindawi.com)
- In this model, mouse MM cells, injected intravenously, home to the BM and grow as MM that closely resembles the human disease. (aacrjournals.org)
- Xenograft models of human MM established in immunodeficient SCID-beige mice were utilized to exclude the involvement of B-, T- and NK cells in the pro-survival effect of tasquinimod. (aacrjournals.org)
- In a groundbreaking, human clinical study that was later published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, researchers and scientists at the University of Connecticut's Human Performance Laboratory tested the effects of L-Carnitine on its ability to enhance free-testosterone utilization. (bodybuilding.com)
- PQ dose-dependently caused toxicity in normal human bronchial epithelium BEAS-2B cells including increased cell death, oxidative stress, and loss of mitochondrial inner membrane potential. (cdc.gov)
- PQ at 10 uM induced transformation of normal human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells into myofibroblasts, as shown by the de nova synthesis of a-smooth muscle actin, and heightened production of inflammatory cytokines TNFa and IL-6 and growth factor TGFb1. (cdc.gov)
Tissue1
- Mas1 receptors are expressed in placental villous tissue and their expression varies with gestation . (bvsalud.org)