• The stimulatory effect of SCFAs on colonic transit was also abolished by intraluminal pretreatment with lidocaine and a 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT)(3) receptor antagonist. (duke.edu)
  • Furthermore, pretreatment with hexamethonium did not inhibit the hypotensive response to nerve growth factor. (portlandpress.com)
  • Pretreatment with the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium (2 mg/kg iv) completely abolished enhancing effect of L-NAME on airway responsiveness. (elsevierpure.com)
  • alpha7-selective antagonist) and hexamethonium (non-brain-penetrant non-selective antagonist). (nih.gov)
  • The antinociceptive effect of ABT-594 was prevented, but not reversed, by the noncompetitive neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist mecamylamine 5 micromol/kg, i.p. (erowid.org)
  • In contrast, the antinociceptive effect of ABT-594 was not prevented by hexamethonium 10 micromol/kg, i.p., a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that does not readily enter the central nervous system, nor by naltrexone 0.8 micromol/kg, an opioid receptor antagonist. (erowid.org)
  • The latter was temporarily annulled by hexamethonium (which retained antagonist properties), but returned when hexamethonium was removed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 1. The present study examined the effects of the selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist 4-amino-N-(2, 6 bis-methylamino-pyrimidin-4-yl)-benzene sulphonamide (Ro 04-6790) on locomotor activity and unconditioned behaviour in male Sprague Dawley rats (230-300 g). 2. (lookformedical.com)
  • The dopamine D2-like receptor antagonist, haloperidol (0.03, 0.1 or 0.3 mg kg(-1), s.c.) given at the same time as Ro 04-6790 (30 mg kg(-1), i.p.) had no effect on the stretching induced by the 5-HT6 antagonist. (lookformedical.com)
  • The data show that blockade of nAChRs with mecamylamine, or selective antagonism of alpha4beta2 or alpha7 nAChRs with DHbetaE or MLA, respectively, has antidepressant-like effects. (nih.gov)
  • Hexamethonium blockade did not affect MCFP, capacitance, or compliance. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We studied whether physiological concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) affects colonic transit and colonic motility in conscious rats. (duke.edu)
  • CPF (30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to rats beforehand (24 h) whereas CPO (15 mg/kg) was added into the perfusate reservoir to evaluate the effects on the motor outputs throughout the three phases of the respiratory cycle: inspiration, post-inspiration and late expiration. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methods: Pithed rats were pretreated i.v. with hexamethonium (2 mg/kg·min) followed by continuous infusions of methoxamine (20 μg/kg·min) and DHE (3.1 μg/kg·min). (eur.nl)
  • The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cigarette smoking on experimental colitis in rats and to investigate the underlying mechanism. (mcmaster.ca)
  • In parallel experiments, rats received the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium before smoke exposure. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Cardiovascular effects of Octapressin were studied in anesthetized male albino rats. (uu.nl)
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicological and cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of free Protium heptaphyllum (EOPh) and the complex with β-cyclodextrin (EOPh-βCD) in normotensive and hypertensive rats (SHR and L-NAME). (ufpi.br)
  • These researchers found candicine to closely resemble nicotine in its effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • These are summarized in Reti's review: as before, the similarity of effects between candicine and nicotine was noted. (wikipedia.org)
  • While alkaloids often exert unique pharmacological effects on animal cells, exposure of sea urchin eggs to nicotine causes polyspermy at fertilization in a dose-dependent manner. (mdpi.com)
  • The beneficial effect of smoking has been attributed to nicotine, but the mechanisms underlying the adverse effect are still under investigation. (mcmaster.ca)
  • In toad atria, nicotine, at low concentrations (6.1 x 10-6 M to 6.2 x 10-5 M), produced a negative inotropic effect, and, at high concentrations (6.2 x 10-4 M to 3.1 x 10-3 M), a positive inotropic effect. (caluniv.ac.in)
  • ABT-594 [5-2R-azetidinylmethoxy-2-chloropyridine], a novel neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, produced significant antinociceptive effects in mice against both acute noxious thermal stimulation--the hot-plate and cold-plate tests--and persistent visceral irritation--the abdominal constriction writhing assay maximally-effective dose in each test 0.62 micromol/kg, i.p. (erowid.org)
  • These data indicate that ABT-594 is a centrally acting neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist with potent antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects in mice. (erowid.org)
  • All compounds were tested in a locomotor activity paradigm to rule out non-specific stimulant effects. (nih.gov)
  • The antinociceptive effects of morphine and ABT-594 in the mouse hot-plate test appeared to be additive, but ABT-594 did not potentiate the respiratory depression produced by morphine when the two compounds were coadministered. (erowid.org)
  • The effects of hypotension in nonsurgical subjects was studied in 1954 (Finnerty, FA, Cerebral Hemodynamics during Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Acute Hypotension 1 Clin Invest. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
  • These effects were not confounded by motor stimulation. (nih.gov)
  • Results: DHE inhibited the vasodepressor responses to electrical stimulation (0.56-5.6 Hz), without affecting those to i.v. α-CGRP (0.1-1 μg/kg). (eur.nl)
  • 1. The observation that the area postrema expresses a high level of nerve-growth-factor-receptor immunoreactivity prompted an investigation of the effects of nerve growth factor on autonomic function in the rat. (portlandpress.com)
  • Anatomically and functionally, the autonomic nervous system is made up of two subdivisions: the sympathetic system with long-lasting and diffuse effects, and the parasympathetic system with more transient and specific effects. (blogspot.com)
  • Caffeine induced positive inotropic effects, which were antagonized only by EDTA, and remained unaffected by exposure to verapamil or calcium-free Ringer. (caluniv.ac.in)
  • We conclude that the effect of blood volume expansion on the circulation in pregnancy cannot be predicted from knowledge of MCFP-blood volume relationships in the nonpregnant animal, because capacitance and compliance are altered. (elsevierpure.com)
  • DTG (10 microM) did not affect the depolarization (mediated by 5-HT3 receptors) induced by pressure application of 5-HT onto single neurons. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The pre-incubation of 4-aminopyridine in histamine-induced contractions did not alter significantly the relaxant effect of EOLA. (biofron.com)
  • During subacute phase, CPF prolongated TI with no effect on respiratory rate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Schauer, known as "alecrim-do-mato", "alecrim-de-vaqueiro" and "pedrecio", is used in folk medicine as antiseptic and to treat diseases that affect respiratory system, like bronchitis and asthma. (biofron.com)
  • Muscarinic antagonists have widespread effects including actions on the iris and ciliary muscle of the eye, the heart and blood vessels, secretions of the respiratory tract, GI system, and salivary glands, GI motility, urinary bladder tone, and the central nervous system. (lookformedical.com)
  • Side effects of isoflurane include a decreased ability to breathe (respiratory depression), low blood pressure , and an irregular heartbeat . (mdwiki.org)
  • We studied the effects of morphine and loperamide on small bowel myoelectric and contractile activity in 12 conscious dogs. (utmb.edu)
  • His thesis dealt with the effects of carbon dioxide inhalation on the kidneys in different types of patients, including hypertensives (1). (lu.se)
  • Since intranasally administered oligopeptides like orexin are known to modulate brain function, we investigated the effect of intranasal orexin A on vascular sympathetic baroreflex function in healthy humans. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results demonstrate that intranasal orexin A elicits an excitatory effect on sympathetic vascular tone superordinate to mere baroreflex feedback regulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • This effect was not stereoselective since the S-enantiomer, A-98593 [5-2S-azetidinylmethoxy-2-chloropyridine], produced similar antinociceptive effects in this dose range. (erowid.org)
  • A large body of evidence supports the concept that the physiologic disturbances of OSA can cause systemic hypertension, a component of the metabolic syndrome, independent of the effects of obesity ( 2 - 5 ). (atsjournals.org)
  • However, technical demands associated with directly assessing insulin sensitivity using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and a lack of studies in animal models, have precluded demonstrating that a cause-and-effect relationship exists between OSA and insulin resistance independent of obesity. (atsjournals.org)
  • Kate remained in Oregon until 2008 when she joined the faculty Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee and started an independent research programme examining the effect of obesity on central nervous system function. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Obesity, a major public health issue in the U.K. that affects greater than 25% of the adult population. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we systematically compared the effects of non-selective and selective nicotinic agonists and antagonists in two different tests for antidepressant effects in mice: the tail suspension test and the forced swim test. (nih.gov)
  • [1] It is a moderately strong muscle relaxant, with relatively low incidence of side effects. (cloudfront.net)
  • Because of the potential for side effects, this drug is considered a high risk in the elderly. (cloudfront.net)
  • however, in order to increase safety, it is necessary to minimize side effects through the use of radioprotectors. (biofullerene.com)
  • [3] Serious side effects can include malignant hyperthermia or high blood potassium . (mdwiki.org)
  • Treatment with hexamethonium before smoking reversed the effect of the smoke on the colitis, improving all parameters. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Preferential antagonism of α 1 -adrenoceptors with prazosin (1 mg/kg iv) abolished the vasoconstrictor response to PE but had a lesser effect on the response to B-HT 920. (researchwithrutgers.com)
  • The effect in the hot-plate test peaked at 30 min after i.p. administration and was still present 60 min, but not 120 min, after injection. (erowid.org)
  • Estrogen administration to nonpregnant animals reproduces some of these effects. (elsevierpure.com)
  • CPO significantly depressed the chemoreflex but had no effect on baroreflex. (bvsalud.org)
  • In conclusion, antagonism of central alpha4beta2 and/or alpha7 nAChRs induced antidepressant-like effects in mice. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, it is unlikely that the antinociceptive effects result simply from impaired motor function. (erowid.org)
  • It is estimated to directly cost the National Health Service (NHS) £4.2billion each year and can affect all aspects of a person's life. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • similar effects were also observed in the toad, Bufo arenarum. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, there is no direct evidence of a cause-and-effect relationship or potential mechanisms linking sleep apnea and insulin resistance. (atsjournals.org)
  • The Children's Workgroup Draft claims for research purposes, normal children may be regarded as having a 'disorder or condition' or being 'at risk' of the condition under study: For example, new born infants would be recruited to study 'the normal physiologic immaturity of neonatal enzymatic metabolism, or the social condition of living in a home affected by environmental lead. (ahrp.org)
  • Hexamethonium did not show antidepressant-like activity, supporting the involvement of central nAChRs. (nih.gov)
  • Although no significant effect of fullerenol was recorded on catalase activity, which was preserved in both control and test samples, a more active protection of other enzymes was evident. (biofullerene.com)
  • A variety of drugs including simple AV nodal blocking agents like beta-blockers and verapamil , as well as antiarrhythmics may be used, usually with good effect, although the risks of these therapies need to be weighed against the potential benefits. (wikidoc.org)
  • Additionally, perioperative urine output is affected by volume status, anesthetic drugs, and the use of diuretics, and AKI is typically not diagnosed until oliguria has occurred for at least 6 to 12 hrs. (justia.com)
  • The earliest pharmacological studies on candicine (under the name of hordenine methiodide) appear to be those of Barger and Dale, who studied its effects primarily in cats and isolated animal organ preparations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sugar or salt can have just as profound an effect on the human brain and body as aspirin or sleeping tablets, and all substances, ingested or produced inside the body, have some kind of an effect. (neurohackers.com)
  • Most chemicals that affect the brain work by affecting neurotransmitters, so understanding our own internal chemicals helps us to see how drugs work. (neurohackers.com)
  • The result involving affected person total satisfaction results on physician job total satisfaction as well as burnout. (gsk2656157inhibitor.com)
  • Overall, we point to the radioprotective effect of C 60 (OH) 36 manifested as the protection of the antioxidant enzymes of human erythrocytes against IR-induced damage, which has not been the subject of intense research so far. (biofullerene.com)
  • Leptin regulation after sugar weight can be impaired inside Good hair days, whilst ghrelin regulation seems to be not effected. (gsk2656157inhibitor.com)
  • More striking, we find negative wage and employment effects for high-skilled workers who are further up the wage distribution, followed by reduced returns to skills and industry skill supply. (uu.nl)
  • We explain these adjustments with a substitution-scale model that predicts negative spillover effects whenever labor-labor substitutions toward high-skilled workers are overcompensated by an overall decline in industry employment. (uu.nl)
  • ABT-594 increased the duration of ethanol-induced hypnotic effects, tended to increase pentobarbital-induced hypnotic effects P = 0.0502, and had no effect on pentobarbital-induced lethality. (erowid.org)
  • DTG and hexamethonium (each at 1 microM) were more effective blockers of ACh-induced inward currents at a holding potential of -100 mV than at -40 mV. (aspetjournals.org)