• The response to hyperosmotic challenge is not conserved in most tested mammalian cells except for differentiated 3T3L1 adipocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute insulin treatment increases PtdIns(3,5)P2 levels in 3T3L1 adipocytes, both in isolated membranes and intact cells to promote insulin effect on GLUT4 cell surface translocation and glucose transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • TLK16998 alone had no effect on IR signaling in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes but, at concentrations as low as 3.2 μmol/l, enhanced the effects of insulin on the phosphorylation of the IR β-subunit and IR substrate 1, and on the amount of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase that coimmunoprecipitated with IRS-1. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • TLK16998 also increased the potency of insulin in stimulating 2-deoxy- d -glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, with a detectable effect at 8 μmol/l and a 10-fold increase at 40 μmol/l. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • To test for this, apelin-55 was applied exogenously to HEK293A cells overexpressing proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 3 (PCSK3), the only apelin processing enzyme identified thus far, and to differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which endogenously express apelin, PCSK3 and other proprotein convertases. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Comparison of the resulting apelin-55-derived peptide profile between the two cell lines demonstrated distinct processing patterns, with apelin-36 production apparent in 3T3-L1 adipocytes vs. detection of the prodomain of a shorter isoform (likely the apelin-13 prodomain, observed after additional proteolytic processing) in PCSK3-transfected HEK293A cells. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • This study aimed to determine whether I3C or DIM could increase glucose uptake via enhanced insulin sensitivity in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, as well as the mechanism involved. (researchgate.net)
  • 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM)-a natural compound produced from indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables-enhances glucose uptake by increasing the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (researchgate.net)
  • Variance-modeled posterior inference of microarray data: detecting gene-expression changes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (auth.gr)
  • Steimle, P.A. , Fulcher, F.K., and Patel, Y.M. (2005) A novel role for myosin II in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (uncg.edu)
  • Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • Analysis of transcription factor network underlying 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. (tufts.edu)
  • Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • Adipocyte-derived factors involved in tumor progression include proteins such as adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, and ECM components that control tumor cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)
  • Methods 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes were differentiated by using a mixture of adipogenic inducers, including a suboptimal concentration of insulin. (researchgate.net)
  • 24 ] suggested that IOP activated adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and increased PPARγ transcriptional activities, which PPARγ has proved as a key receptor involved in insulin resistance [ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, TSC1 was demonstrated to be required for the proper activation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-SMAD2/3 pathway in HeLa cells [ 11 ]. (springer.com)
  • Previous studies have found that DIM can improve type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, and by lowering the plasma glucose levels in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice [13, 14]. (researchgate.net)
  • DIM, a major metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, which is naturally produced in broccoli and cabbage, enhances glucose uptake through the improvement of insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells [13] . (researchgate.net)
  • through the coordinated actions of several transcription factors (TFs) In this study, we examined the dynamics of several key transcription factors (TFs) - PPARγ, C/EBPβ, CREB, NFAT, FoxO1, and SREBP-1c - during adipogenic differentiation (week 1) and ensuing lipid accumulation. (tufts.edu)
  • The activation profiles of these TFs at different times following induction of adipogenic differentiation were quantified using 3T3-L1 reporter cell lines constructed to secrete the Gaussia luciferase enzyme upon binding of a TF to its DNA binding element. (tufts.edu)
  • Current research is focused on the mechanisms that regulate SMAD activity to evoke cell-type-specific and context-dependent transcriptional programmes. (nature.com)
  • Since these events occur at a distance from the cell body, post-transcriptional control of gene expression has strategic advantage to fine-tune the overall regulation of protein contents in situ. (koreascience.kr)
  • The cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry analysis. (jcimjournal.com)
  • MPP + can cause severe damage to mitochondrial morphology and the function in SH-SY5Y cells, and echinacoside selectively reverse mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis, yet there is no effect on mitochondrial morphology. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Other stimuli, including mitogenic signals such as IL-2 and UV light in lymphocytes, activation of protein kinase C by PMA in platelets and EGF stimulation of COS cells, also increase PtdIns(3,5)P2 levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • These results suggest that Wnta1 increased the secretion of ANP and mechanical dynamics in beating rat atria by activation of PKC-TAK1-ATF2-TCF3/LEF1 and TCF4/LEF1 signaling mainly via the WNT/Ca2+ pathway. (kjpp.net)
  • As specialized, inducible cytoplasmic organelles, lipid droplets have functions beyond the regulation of lipid metabolism, in cell signalling and activation, membrane trafficking and control of inflammatory mediator synthesis and secretion. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Thus, the proteins that transport zinc likely facilitate cell signaling processes that contribute to glycemic control in peripheral tissues by modulating cytosolic zinc concentrations. (hindawi.com)
  • At the cellular level, total zinc concentrations of human cells are 200-300 μ M [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Drug-like molecules that can reprogram selected histone PTMs in tumour cells are therefore of interest as potential cancer chemopreventive agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, drug-like molecules that target chromatin modifying enzymes to reprogram selected histone PTMs in tumour cells may have potential as cancer chemopreventive agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dhiraj Kumar Choudhary, Navaneet Chaturvedi, Amit Singh & Abha Mishra*, Catechin isolated from faba beans (Vicia faba L.): insights from oxidative stress and hypoglycemic effect in yeast cells through confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and in silico strategy, Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2021.1945953,2021 . (iitbhu.ac.in)
  • Cell viability/proliferation assays, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, immunodetection of specific histone and p53 acetylation marks, western blotting, siRNA and RT-qPCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Amit Singh & Abha Mishra*, Investigation of Molecular Mechanism Leading to Gefitinib and Osimertinib Resistance Against EGFR tyrosine Kinase: Molecular Dynamics and Binding Free Energy Calculation, Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 4;1-15. (iitbhu.ac.in)
  • Application of combined Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics method to simulation of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer. (auth.gr)
  • Collective motion artifacts arising in long-duration molecular dynamics simulations. (auth.gr)
  • Although it is known that marine-derived bioactive substances act on a series of biological processes, little is known on marine drugs affecting specific reproductive molecular dynamics. (mdpi.com)
  • Naringenin is a novel inhibitor of Dictyostelium cell proliferation and cell migration. (uncg.edu)
  • Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The dynamics of the TFs was also modeled using a combination of logical gates and ordinary differential equations, where the logical gates were used to explore different combinations of activating inputs for PPARγ, C/EBPβ, and SREBP-1c. (tufts.edu)
  • Extracellular processing of apelin, with distinct cell type dependence, provides an alternative mechanism to regulate isoform-mediated physiological effects of apelin. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Effects of echinacoside on MPP+-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in SH-SY5Y cells Mitochondrial morphology was visualized by laser confocal microscopy in live cell imaging system. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Type I diabetes occurs due to the deficiency of insulin secretion caused by the damage of pancreatic β cells or other reasons, and type II diabetes is mainly characterized by insulin resistance [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To test the utility of the sensor as a screening tool cells expressing the sensor were exposed to a known inhibitor of O-glycosylation extension or siRNAs targeting factors known to alter glycosylation efficiency. (sunolmolecular.com)
  • This decrease was partially, but not fully, attenuated by PCSK inhibitor treatment in both cell lines. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Aditi Bhatnagar, Ravi Saini, Priya Dagar & Abha Mishra*, Molecular modelling and in vitro studies of Daruharidra as a potent alpha-amylase Inhibitor, Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2022.2058093 ,2022. (iitbhu.ac.in)
  • Arf GTPases regulate membrane trafficking and actin dynamics. (umassmed.edu)
  • 2008) Journal of Cell Biology . (uncg.edu)
  • This internship sparked her interest in stem cell biology, and she chose to pursue postdoctoral studies in this field. (informaticsstudies.org)
  • Her postdoctoral research at the Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem) in Bangalore, guided by Prof. Mahendra Rao, focused on developing human induced pluripotent stem cell-based models for human biology studies. (informaticsstudies.org)
  • She has rich practical experience in epigenetics and stem cell biology techniques. (informaticsstudies.org)
  • Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) is one of the seven phosphoinositides found in eukaryotic cell membranes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Zweytick D , Athenstaedt K , Daum G . Intracellular lipid particles of eukaryotic cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The long term goal of my research program is to provide a clearer understanding of the molecular events driving cellular contractile processes since defects in the regulation of these events, as occur in cancer cells, can lead to uncontrolled cell multiplication (tumor formation) and unregulated cell migration observed with metastasis. (uncg.edu)
  • These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)
  • Pathogens, including fungi, viruses, parasites, or intracellular bacteria can induce and may benefit from lipid droplets in infected cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In mammalian cells, PtdIns(3,5)P2 is synthesized from and turned over to PtdIns3P by a unique protein complex containing two enzymes with opposite activities: the phosphoinositide kinase PIKfyve and the Sac1 domain-containing PtdIns(3,5)P2 5-phosphatase, Sac3/Fig4. (wikipedia.org)
  • The essential role of the PAS complex in PtdIns(3,5)P2 synthesis and turnover is supported by data from siRNA-mediated protein silencing and heterologous expression of the PAS complex components in various cell types as well as by data from genetic knockout of the PAS complex proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neuronal microtubule-associated protein 2D is a dual A-kinase anchoring protein expressed in rat ovarian granulosa cells. (nature.com)
  • Feliciello, A., Rubin, C. S., Avvedimento, E. V. & Gottesman, M. E. Expression of a kinase anchor protein 121 is regulated by hormones in thyroid and testicular germ cells. (nature.com)
  • PKA: a portrait of protein kinase dynamics. (nature.com)
  • Transfection of cells in culture with ASO targeting PTEN reduced PTEN mRNA and protein levels and increased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in α-mouse liver-12 (AML12) cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In the presence of nutrients, mTORC1 is activated and promotes cell growth, including protein synthesis and energy storage. (springer.com)
  • Conversely, during starvation mTORC1 is inhibited and autophagy is induced by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to generation of intracellular nutrients and energy during degradation of non-functional or non-essential organelles or protein aggregates [ 4 , 6 ], in turn contributing to cell survival. (springer.com)
  • Given the low plasma concentration of zinc and its importance in cellular signaling, it is essential that the availability and distribution of "free" zinc (free zinc is used to differentiate zinc involved in cell signaling from zinc that tightly bound to protein and therefore thermodynamically unavailable) are tightly controlled [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Components of the antigen processing and presentation pathway revealed by gene expression microarray analysis following B cell antigen receptor (BCR) stimulation. (auth.gr)
  • This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The broad goal of my research at UNCG is to gain further insight into how cells are able to achieve highly coordinated changes in shape that are required for critical cellular processes such as chemotaxis, cytokinesis, intracellular trafficking, and multicellular development. (uncg.edu)
  • In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lipid bodies: cytoplasmic organelles important to arachidonate metabolism in macrophages and mast cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • ETP augmented fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through recruitment of macrophages and endothelial cells. (jci.org)
  • This paper develops a model for IL-6 and IL-10 signal transduction and then investigates the effect that stimulation with these cytokines has on the transcription factor dynamics. (theiet.org)
  • Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Wnt agonist 1 (Wnta1) on ANP secretion and mechanical dynamics in beating rat atria. (kjpp.net)
  • Tak1 inhibition abolished the Wnta1-induced expression of TCF3, TCF4, and LEF1 and Wnta1-mediated ANP secretion and changes in mechanical dynamics. (kjpp.net)
  • Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His current research is on wound healing, anti-cancer, anti-obesity and anti-diabetes study of several medicinal plants using animal cell culture. (iium.edu.my)
  • In this study we assessed the effects of the phytocompounds garcinol and curcumin on histone and p53 modification in cancer cells, focussing on the breast tumour cell line MCF7. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility. (uncg.edu)
  • However, the mechanisms by which Akt signaling regulates stem cell behavior in the complexity of the whole body are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings abrogating Smed-Akt with RNA-interference in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea led to a gradual decrease in stem cell (neoblasts) numbers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subsequently, β-catenin translocates to the nucleus and interacts with transcription factors including T cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (LEF). (kjpp.net)
  • The mTORC1 signaling cascade receives inputs from various upstream cues related to the metabolic and nutritional status of the cell and translates these into cell growth [ 4 , 6 ]. (springer.com)
  • Garcinol treatment alters expression of chromatin modifying enzymes in MCF7 cells, resulting in reprogramming of key histone and p53 PTMs and growth arrest, underscoring its potential as a cancer chemopreventive agent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Along with SIRT1, AMPK activates the biogenesis of new mitochondria to enable the cell to generate more energy. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
  • Histoplasma capsulatum cell wall {beta}-glucan induces lipid body formation through CD18, TLR2, and dectin-1 receptors: correlation with leukotriene B4 generation and role in HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Similar effects of garcinol on H3K18 acetylation were observed in the osteosarcoma cells lines U2OS and SaOS2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from the destruction of insulinproducing β cells in the pancreas, that leads to hyperglycemia [1,2,20]. (researchgate.net)
  • However, Ucp2 displays a wide tissue expression range ( 5 ), and its roles in various tissues and cell types have not been covered. (bmbreports.org)
  • In tissues, zinc concentration is highest in the prostate (approximately 200 μ g/g), then pancreas (approximately 140 μ g/g), and muscle (approximately 50 μ g/g), while in plasma there is approximately 14-16 μ M of total zinc that is distributed to cells [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • When cells are provided with an abundance of nutrients, these storage lipids accumulate. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The mitochondria are the structures within the cell responsible for generating energy from oxygen and nutrients. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
  • In summary, although garcinol and curcumin can both inhibit histone acetyltransferase activities, our results show that these compounds have differential effects on cancer cells in culture. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The elongated cilium phenotype of Tsc1 −/− MEFs is likely due to increased mTORC1-dependent autophagic flux observed in these cells, as both the autophagic flux and the cilia length phenotype was restored by rapamycin. (springer.com)
  • However, questions on how zinc transporters are regulated and effectively facilitate zinc flux contributing to cell signaling are largely unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis of culture media constituents from each cell type by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and western blot demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in apelin-55 levels. (phoenixpeptide.com)