• At least 238 mutations in the SCN5A gene are known to cause Romano-Ward syndrome, which is the most common form of an arrhythmia called long QT syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The McGill University research team focused on a potentially fatal form of arrhythmia occurring in a condition, called the long QT syndrome, which runs in families. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Avoid in congenital long QT syndrome, history of cardiac arrhythmias. (empr.com)
  • Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a congenital disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms (ECGs) and a propensity to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may lead to syncope, cardiac arrest, or sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • Nearly 500,000 people in the US die of sudden cardiac death each year, and long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a major form of sudden cardiac death. (ca.gov)
  • Risk Assessment of Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome for Some COVID-19 Repurposed Drugs. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition it was for the first time shown that reorganization of the phospholipid structure of the myocardial membrane by linoleic acid-rich diet offers a marked protection against life-threatening arrhythmias due to coronary artery occlusion in rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • In response, international regulatory agreements were developed that mandate testing of all new drugs, both cardiac and non-cardiac, for cardiac liability, including drug-induced long QT interval (LQT) and risk for development of life-threatening arrhythmias, such as Torsade de Pointes (TdP) 5 . (nature.com)
  • Prolonged QT interval is associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. (duke.edu)
  • QT prolongation became a red flag for drug cardiotoxicity. (newswise.com)
  • They are particularly sensitive to hERG inhibition and therefore to drug-induced prolongation of action potential duration (APD) and early after depolarization (EAD). (aurorabiomed.com)
  • Emerging evidence against using QT prolongation as a surrogate maker of proarrhythmia necessitates the need for adopting more predictable drug testing models. (aurorabiomed.com)
  • The shift was compelled by the issue of drug-induced QT-prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias and the emergence of the S7B, E14 guidance documents for drug safety assessment. (rdchemicals.com)
  • High-throughput screening (HTS) of test compounds early in the discovery process decreases the cost of drug discovery as compounds with potential to cause QT-prolongation are removed before substantial development has taken place. (rdchemicals.com)
  • A recent study found that common antibiotics, antidepressants, antinausea and antiplatelet drugs are associated with an increased risk of QT prolongation, or cardiac arrhythmia, and sudden death in older patients. (fdbhealth.com)
  • Justo and colleagues found that the most prevalent risk factors for QTc prolongation were high-dose methadone (mean methadone dose was 231 ± 201 mg/day), drugs such as fluconazole and fluvoxamine that increase serum methadone levels, HIV infection, hypokalemia, female sex, liver cirrhosis, and cardiovascular disease ( 7 ). (brieflands.com)
  • MAs may be manifested either in hemodynamic collapse or in cardiac arrest: The sudden loss of effective blood flow due to atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid VT leads to hemodynamic collapse, and VT and VF result in cardiac arrest necessitating CPR or electric defibrillation. (medscape.com)
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common disturbance of cardiac rhythm and is associated with significantly increased mortality. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Our laboratory studies the electrophysiology of cardiac muscle and the generation of arrhythmias. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • A major interest of our group are the mechanisms by which GPCR hormones modulate cardiac cellular electrophysiology. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Here we show, computationally and experimentally, the limits of all-optical electrophysiology when applied to drug testing, then implement and validate OptoDyCE, a fully automated system for all-optical cardiac electrophysiology. (nature.com)
  • She previously worked as a postdoctoral scientist for two years in GlaxoSmithKline's Safety Pharmacology group, where her research focused on developing and validating an electrophysiology assay using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for cardiac safety screening. (the-scientist.com)
  • Simulations were then conducted using the coupled models to quantify the effects of electro-mechanical coupling and drug exposure on electrophysiology and force generation in virtual human ventricular cardiomyocytes and tissue. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Simulation results correctly predicted the inotropic response of different multichannel action reference compounds and demonstrated that electro-mechanical coupling improves the robustness of repolarisation under drug exposure compared to electrophysiology-only models. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They also generated additional evidence to explain the partial mismatch between in-silico and in-vitro experiments on drug-induced electrophysiology changes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • He co-developed the Cardioid cardiac electrophysiology code , a highly scalable biology application used to model arrhythmias in human heart geometries at near-real time, and is one of the main developers of the HARVEY code, a Lattice Boltzmann fluid dynamics code used for circulatory modeling that was a 2015 Gordon Bell Award Finalist. (llnl.gov)
  • Search for methods to prevent sudden cardiac death due to acute myocardial infarction. (wikipedia.org)
  • He was interested in the pathomechanism and pharmacological prevention of cardiac arrhythmias and the consequences of myocardial ischaemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • In October 2020, the Food and Drug Administration added a warning to the lamotrigine label that said the drug "could slow ventricular conduction (widen QRS) and induce proarrhythmia, including sudden death, in patients with structural heart disease or myocardial ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • The FDA recommended avoiding the sodium channel blocker's use "in patients who have cardiac conduction disorders (e.g., second- or third-degree heart block), ventricular arrhythmias, or cardiac disease or abnormality (e.g., myocardial ischemia, heart failure, structural heart disease, Brugada syndrome, or other sodium channelopathies). (medscape.com)
  • a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, new acute decompensated heart failure, venous thromboembolism, ventricular or atrial arrhythmia, pericardial effusion, or aborted cardiac arrest) among consecutively hospitalized adults with COVID-19, using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. (stanford.edu)
  • This condition alters the normal beating of the heart and can lead to fainting (syncope) or sudden cardiac arrest and death. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is an inherited cardiac condition that is characterized by genetically encoded abnormalities in cardiac ion channels, namely through sudden cardiac death, various palpitations, and syncope (temporary loss of consciousness induced by low blood pressure). (studybay.net)
  • LQTS is usually diagnosed after a person has a cardiac event (eg, syncope, cardiac arrest). (medscape.com)
  • However, there are concerns regarding the disturbance of cardiac rhythm among individuals receiving methadone maintenance treatment, e.g. (brieflands.com)
  • In the last 40 years, over 20% of drugs discontinued at all phases of development, including discovery, preclinical and clinical evaluation, and post-market surveillance has been due to cardiac toxicity, where unintended interactions with cardiac ion channels result in pro-arrhythmic effects 4 . (nature.com)
  • The development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell lines as models for drug-toxicity testing offers a promising alternative that is more physiologically relevant, more predictive, and more time and cost efficient. (the-scientist.com)
  • Hill said that a particularly promising area for a predictive heart model is in cardiac toxicity, where drug candidates would be tested in silico to determine whether they induce arrhythmia. (genomeweb.com)
  • During long-term methadone treatment, there was a slight increase in the QTc interval but we did not find evidence of increased cardiac toxicity as a reason for treatment termination. (brieflands.com)
  • Abnormalities in repolarisation, due to disease states or therapeutic drugs, can give rise to arrhythmias. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Intravenous calcium gluconate is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for preventing hyperkalemia-induced cardiac abnormalities. (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • Intravenous calcium gluconate is FDA-approved for preventing hyperkalemia-induced cardiac abnormalities. (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • A number of studies have demonstrated that the use of 2-dimensional echocardiogram to evaluate left wall motion abnormalities after an acute MI (using the LV wall-motion score index) is useful in predicting the risk for major cardiac events, including sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • A decrease in the ejection fraction and worsening wall motion abnormalities upon exercise echocardiography in patients who have had an MI has been suggested to confer increased risk of cardiac death. (medscape.com)
  • Newswise - Death from sudden cardiac arrest makes headlines when it strikes athletes. (newswise.com)
  • The leading risk factors for sudden cardiac arrest are a past attack and the presence of disease. (newswise.com)
  • 7, 2022 A new artificial intelligence-based approach can predict, significantly more accurately than a doctor, if and when a patient could die of cardiac arrest. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A detailed analysis of the phenomenon of delayed anti-anginal action revealed that PgI2-pretreatment protected against consequences of ischaemia, such as early morphological changes, early and late postocclusion and reperfusion arrhythmias due to coronary artery occlusion or ouabain intoxication. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gibson et al found that pharmacologic-stress nuclear (dipyridamole or adenosine) scintigraphy was better than submaximal exercise ECG and coronary angiography in predicting cardiac death and other cardiac events. (medscape.com)
  • One patient had been treated with sotalol for more than 10 months before developing torsade de pointes precipitated by hypokalaemia, while another had tolerated sotalol for a 3-month period before the drug was discontinued, and only developed torsade de pointes when the drug was restarted 2 years later. (annals.edu.sg)
  • A history of cardiac events is the most typical clinical presentation in patients with LQTS. (medscape.com)
  • In-silico human electro-mechanical ventricular modelling and simulation for drug-induced pro-arrhythmia and inotropic risk assessment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • More than 400 mutations in the SCN5A gene have been identified in people with Brugada syndrome, which is a heart condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia). (medlineplus.gov)
  • These mutations alter the structure of ion channels made with the SCN5A protein and disrupt the flow of sodium ions into cardiac muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Finally, it seems appropriate to consider the "sodium channel syndrome" (mutations in the gene of the α subunit of the sodium channel, SCN5A gene) as a single clinical entity that may manifest in a wide range of phenotypes, to thus have a better insight on these cardiac syndromes and potential outcomes for their clinical treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • This disorder of the heart's electrical activity can cause severe and sudden arrhythmias in response to stress or exercise, as the ion channels on the heart muscle cells may not function effectively or may be present in small amounts, generated by mutations in genes that code for these channels. (studybay.net)
  • Mutations in the transmembrane, linker, and pore region of KCNQ1 are typically defined as high-probability disease-causing mutations that cause severe cardiac events in younger ages compared to mutations in the COOH terminal region. (studybay.net)
  • Moss reported that LQT1 patients with transmembrane mutations and dominant-negative ion current effects had longer corrected QT interval and a higher frequency of cardiac events than individuals with mutations in other regions. (studybay.net)
  • We will characterize iPS cells with well-defined mutations that have clinically proven responses to drugs that cause LQTS. (ca.gov)
  • These studies will provide the foundation for an expanded panel of iPS cell lines from people with other genetic mutations and from people who have no genetically defined risk factor but still have potentially fatal drug-induced LQTS. (ca.gov)
  • In 2004, it was estimated that a 10% improvement in failure prediction before clinical trials could save $100 million in development costs per drug 3 . (nature.com)
  • These neurotransmitters act on their respective neuroreceptor sites to produce the clinical effects of the particular drug. (aafp.org)
  • A 3-phased project was conducted by the HESI Pro-Arrhythmia Working Group starting with a detailed literature review and followed by a collaborative HESI-FDA database of 150 new drug candidates to evaluate how predictive nonclinical studies are to clinical outcomes. (hesiglobal.org)
  • With the intention of protecting clinical trial participants and patients, the International Conference of Harmonization published a guideline (S7B) recommending that "all new drugs" should be tested pre-clinically for hERG sensitivity and cardiac safety before submitting an application to regulatory reviews [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
  • Drug-induced LQTS is the single most common reason for drugs to be withdrawn from clinical trials, causing major setbacks to drug discovery efforts and exposing people to dangerous drugs. (ca.gov)
  • As a result, potentially unsafe drugs enter clinical trials, endangering people and wasting millions of dollars in research funds. (ca.gov)
  • Our objective is to produce a cell-based test for LQTS with induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology, which allows adult cells to be "reprogrammed" to be stem cell-like cells. (ca.gov)
  • Zaniar's work is focused on identifying the mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias using several experimental systems ranging from genetically engineered animal models to human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiac cell types. (stanford.edu)
  • First-line management is to remove or change the causative medication, monitor carefully for pulmonary or cardiac impairment or insufficiency, and treat other drug-induced adverse effects that may contribute to the chest pain, such as cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, angina, conduction disorder, or esophagitis. (logicalimages.com)
  • Conduction disorders and arrhythmias remain difficult to treat and are increasingly prevalent owing to the increasing age and body mass of the general population, because both are risk factors for arrhythmia . (nih.gov)
  • Fatal or life-threatening cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmias were reported. (nih.gov)
  • Fever can induce the ECG abnormality as well as arrhythmias. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, stroke volume is affected by preload, afterload and cardiac contractility. (vin.com)
  • Therefore, hypotension is normally a result of a combination of factors such as bradycardia, vasodilation (decreases in systemic vascular resistance), and decreases in cardiac contractility which in turn will reduce stroke volume and cardiac output. (vin.com)
  • In August 2019, FDA approved the use of pretomanid 200mg in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid (BPaL) in adults with pulmonary extensively drug resistant (XDR), treatment-intolerant, or nonresponsive multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) [5 ]. (cdc.gov)
  • On August 14, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved use of pretomanid with bedaquiline and linezolid (BPaL) as a treatment regimen for pulmonary MDR TB additionally resistant to at least one fluoroquinolone or injectable medication and for pulmonary MDR TB that is treatment-intolerant/nonresponsive (TI/NR MDR TB). (cdc.gov)
  • Administering calcium gluconate intravenously can reverse electrocardiographic changes and arrhythmias induced by hyperkalemia ( 12946 ). (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • By measuring electrical activity in isolated single cardiac myocytes and in excised perfused intact hearts, we aim to better understand the processes underlying cardiac repolarization and their modulation in disease states. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • This project is examining the roles of the gonadal steroids in sex differences in ventricular repolarization and drug-induced pro-arrhythmia. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Regulatory authorities have paid special attention to investigating the drug-induced delay of cardiac repolarization. (duke.edu)
  • The improvement of preclinical cardiotoxicity testing, discovery of new ion-channel-targeted drugs, and phenotyping and use of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and other biologics all necessitate high-throughput (HT), cellular-level electrophysiological interrogation tools. (nature.com)
  • Currently required preclinical cardiotoxicity testing (part of the drug development process, Fig. 1 ) specifically focuses on a drug's blocking action on the hERG K + channel, which provides one of the main repolarizing currents in cardiomyocytes. (nature.com)
  • Clancy co-authored a study on the computational cardiotoxicity drug screening pipeline in the journal Circulation Research in April 2020. (newswise.com)
  • Up until the early 2000s, the reason most drugs were removed from the market following FDA approval was cardiotoxicity in the form of deadly arrhythmia. (newswise.com)
  • Accurately predicting cardiotoxicity and elucidating the underlying mechanisms remain vexing and expensive problems for drug discovery. (the-scientist.com)
  • Accordingly, the early assessment of hERG-related cardiotoxicity has become a common practice in drug discovery. (springer.com)
  • Spontaneous reported cardiotoxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir in COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • This experiment mimics the abnormal heartbeat patterns of patients with arrhythmia," explains Alvin Shrier, co-author of the study and Hosmer Chair in Physiology. (sciencedaily.com)
  • He also studied the electrophysiologic changes due to drugs, ischemia or heart failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ion-channel block can lead to acute and delayed arrhythmias, while biochemical toxicities can result in cell death, abnormal cardiac function, and even heart failure and death. (the-scientist.com)
  • He became interested in experimental cardiac arrhythmia and antiarrhythmic drugs, area rather unexplored at that time. (wikipedia.org)
  • Worked with Dr. E. M. Vaughan Williams comparing the electrophysiological actions of different antiarrhythmic drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The result of their cooperation formed the basis of 'Vaughan Williams Classification' of antiarrhythmic drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results and data on experimental cardiac arrhythmias and antiarrhythmic drugs were summarized with his co-authorship in the first comprehensive monograph written on this topic. (wikipedia.org)
  • His major scientific interests and contributions included the first comprehensive analysis of the mode of action of antiarrhythmic drugs, the elucidation of the mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias, and that of the antiarrhythmic and anti-anginal drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pacerone® (Amiodarone HCl) Tablets are a member of a class of antiarrhythmic drugs with predominantly Class III (Vaughan Williams' classification) effects, available for oral administration in 100 mg and 200 mg strengths of amiodarone hydrochloride. (rxlist.com)
  • Quantitative drug levels (quinidine, procainamide, tricyclic antidepressants, digoxin): Drug levels higher than the levels indicated in the therapeutic index may have a proarrhythmic effect. (medscape.com)
  • SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, and inherited arrhythmia syndromes. (cdc.gov)
  • As a psychiatrist, my own research into the mechanism of action and adverse effects of drugs dates back several decades. (ablechild.org)
  • In November of this year I was invited by NIMH and NIH to be the scientific expert on "Risks and Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs" at the "Consensus Development Conference on ADHD and its Treatment," sponsored by the two government agencies. (ablechild.org)
  • Emphasis will be placed on two relatively ignored areas: the mechanism of action that enforces specific behaviors and adverse drug effects on the central nervous system, mental life and behavior of the child. (ablechild.org)
  • Unfortunately, 40% of these patients don't respond to anti-epileptic drugs, meaning a better understanding of the biological mechanism is required to produce more targeted therapies. (axionbiosystems.com)
  • In most cases, the mechanism of drug-induced LQTS is unknown. (ca.gov)
  • Pacerone (amiodarone HCl) is an antiarrhythmic drug indicated for treatment of recurrent ventricular fibrillation and recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia only when these conditions have not responded to documented adequate doses of other available antiarrhythmics or when alternative agents could not be tolerated. (rxlist.com)
  • Etiologic diagnosis of hepatitis is even more problematic in organ transplant recipients because a wide range of possible drug toxicities induced by immunosuppressive therapies must be considered ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The sodium channels containing proteins produced from the SCN5A gene are abundant in heart (cardiac) muscle cells and play key roles in these cells' ability to generate and transmit electrical signals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Channels made with these altered SCN5A proteins stay open longer than usual, which allows sodium ions to continue flowing into cardiac muscle cells abnormally. (medlineplus.gov)
  • French cautioned colleagues that they shouldn't assume that lamotrigine stands alone among sodium channel blockers in terms of cardiac risk. (medscape.com)
  • At presence, in the absence of the availability of all of the rest of the data, it would be incorrect to presume that lamotrigine has more cardiac effects than other sodium channel blocking antiseizure medicines or all antiseizure medicines. (medscape.com)
  • Functional states of the sodium channel (closed, open, and inactivated) and their structure help to understand the cardiac regulation processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • We did it for cardiac rhythms, but the math can also apply to predicting financial, ecological and climactic transitions," explains Leon Glass, Leon Isadore Rosenfeld Chair in Cardiology and Professor of Physiology. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Unfortunately, cardiac physiology in animal models (rabbits and dogs) differs from that in humans, and hamster cells lack many key features of human heart cells. (ca.gov)
  • Human-based computational modelling and simulation are powerful tools to accelerate the mechanistic understanding of cardiac patho-physiology, and to develop and evaluate therapeutic interventions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The human calibrated and evaluated modelling and simulation framework constructed in this study opens new avenues for future investigations into the complex interplay between the electrical and mechanical cardiac substrates, its modulation by pharmacological action, and its translation to tissue and organ models of cardiac patho-physiology. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Incidence and treatment of arrhythmias secondary to coronavirus infection in humans: A systematic review. (cdc.gov)
  • This group is working to understand and characterize use of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in cardiac safety assessments. (hesiglobal.org)
  • An article that included best practices for use of stem cell cardiomyocytes in cardiac safety assessments was published in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology . (hesiglobal.org)
  • Use of hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes to Rule Out Proarrhythmic Effects of Drugs: The Case of Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • Intraoperative events, both surgical and anesthetic, induce several profound homeostatic changes that have diverse manifestations in different organs, including the heart. (medscape.com)
  • Researchers have discovered how to predict some cardiac arrhythmias several steps before they even occur. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It's a finding that could lead to an improved cardiac device, with equipment designed to detect when arrhythmias are about to occur and then act to prevent them, investigators say. (sciencedaily.com)
  • this also correlates with when the majority of arrhythmias and sudden death episodes occur. (medscape.com)
  • All these results and literature on epidemiology and pathophysiology of sudden cardiac death as well as on possible therapeutic measures were summarized in a monograph. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aurora offers various functional assays to asses cardiac safety including the action potential of Purkinje fibers as an important site for the initiation of arrhythmias. (aurorabiomed.com)
  • In addition, Aurora use arrhythmia model assays to investigate cardiac functionality. (aurorabiomed.com)
  • Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis have been reported. (nih.gov)
  • See FPI for more important drug interactions. (nih.gov)
  • These factors are further complicated by interactions related to multiple drug use, mixed intoxication-withdrawal states and idiosyncratic reactions. (aafp.org)
  • Starting from the chemistry of the drug interactions with a target, the scientists used that information to predict proarrhythmia vulnerability through a machine learning approach based on multi-scale computer simulation data. (newswise.com)
  • This raises further ethical issues because of the uncertainty regarding additional harm for COVID-19 patients, such as harm resulting from drug-drug and drug-disease interactions inducing cardiac arrhythmia. (smw.ch)
  • A few studies have mentioned the risk of drug-drug and drug-disease interactions [3, 9], but none have reported original data on medication co-administered to patients who were prescribed hydroxychloroquine. (smw.ch)
  • Due to system maintenance, the drug interactions feature you are attempting to access is temporarily unavailable. (medscape.com)
  • Antiadrenergic therapeutic measures (eg, use of beta-blockers, left cervicothoracic stellectomy) and device therapy (eg, use of pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators) aim to decrease the risk and lethality of cardiac events. (medscape.com)
  • His ultimate goal as a clinician-scientist is to utilize this framework for drug discovery and identifying new therapeutic strategies that can prevent or reverse specific arrhythmias. (stanford.edu)
  • Adverse events and safety risks have been well documented [4-8], but the co-administration of QT-interval-prolonging drugs and their consequences have not been described in the COVID-19 literature. (smw.ch)
  • Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. (logicalimages.com)
  • In most cases the initial EKG can be obtained while titrating, mainly when the individual is at the first dose of 25 mg/day because lamotrigine must be titrated slowly, and because cardiac adverse events are dose related. (medscape.com)
  • The mission of the HESI Cardiac Safety Committee is to improve public health by reducing unanticipated cardiovascular-related adverse effects from drugs or chemicals, and to develop innovative approaches to support early detection and prediction as well as improved understanding of cardiovascular toxicology and pathobiology. (hesiglobal.org)
  • While the adverse effects of amiodarone are numerous and multi-systemic, those of sotalol are few and mainly cardiac. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Drug-Related Problems in Older Adults Drug-related problems are common in older adults and include drug ineffectiveness, adverse drug effects, overdosage, underdosage, inappropriate treatment, inadequate monitoring, nonadherence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Adverse Drug Event Risk Assessment by the Virtual Addition of COVID-19 Repurposed Drugs to Medicare and Commercially Insured Patients' Drug Regimens: A Drug Safety Simulation Study. (cdc.gov)
  • Risk of Adverse Drug Events Following the Virtual Addition of COVID-19 Repurposed Drugs to Drug Regimens of Frail Older Adults with Polypharmacy. (cdc.gov)
  • Drugs Prolonging QT Interval and Other Arrhythmogenic Drugs. (nih.gov)
  • But one problem is that some harmless substances, like grapefruit juice, also prolong QT interval, and using it as a proxy for heart arrhythmia could mean the loss of potentially useful and safe drugs. (newswise.com)
  • The two drugs chosen in the study both prolonged the QT interval. (newswise.com)
  • Little empirical information has been collected regarding co-administration of drugs at risk of prolonging the QT interval with hydroxychloroquine. (smw.ch)
  • Immediately terminate the drug and apply ice to the affected area. (medilib.ir)
  • β-adrenergic receptor blockers increase AV conduction time and increase AV nodal refractoriness, thereby helping to terminate nodal reentrant arrhythmias. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Increase in AV nodal refractoriness, thereby helping to terminate nodal reentrant arrhythmias. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • He researched cardiac metabolic changes due to hypoxia, ischaemia, hypothermia and cardiovascular drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the help of this method a number of antianginal and other cardiac drugs as well as their effect on hemodynamic and cardiac metabolic changes were studied. (wikipedia.org)
  • Electrolytes, calcium, and magnesium: Severe metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia are some of the conditions that can increase the risk for arrhythmia and sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • A biopsychiatric model may assist family physicians in the accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment of drug abuse. (aafp.org)
  • The development of wearable devices to record and analyze cardiac rhythms offers new prospects for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmia. (aip.org)
  • Long QT (LQT) syndrome is a cardiac arrhythmia diagnosis that is reflective of a description found on the EKG (electrocardiography) as well as patient history and family history. (studybay.net)
  • Another risk factor is the side effects from medications, which can cause deadly arrhythmias. (newswise.com)
  • Though it can be acquired, such as from various medications and drugs, it is typically genetic and exists in different forms, with LQTS 1, 2, and 3 being the main forms of the disease. (studybay.net)
  • Clancy and colleagues chose the hERG (human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) potassium channel in the heart as the drug target in the first step of their computational pipeline. (newswise.com)
  • Fox said that simulating a single 2D sheet of cardiac tissue took up to a week on an eight-processor cluster, and the computational requirements of modeling in the third dimension will be enormous. (genomeweb.com)
  • The Cardiac Safety Steering Team established this new subteam in early 2020 to develop and provide a structured resource for use when identifying compounds appropriate in a planned committee study. (hesiglobal.org)
  • Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. (globalrph.com)
  • However, with some estimates of the market for cardiovascular drugs approaching $77 billion by 2005, Hill said the company recognizes the "tremendous market opportunity" for the heart model, despite the "many different technology steps that we'll need to get through before we start accessing those markets. (genomeweb.com)
  • The initial focus of Aurora Biomed was on high-throughput ion channel drug discovery so as to address the recent shift of resources in the pharmaceutical industry towards addressing drug safety issues earlier in the discovery process. (rdchemicals.com)
  • Similarly, drugs with minor effect on the hERG K + channel but causing TdP (for example, tedisamil), produce false negatives 7 . (nature.com)
  • The hERG mediates the electrical activity of the heart, and drug companies usually screen for whether a drug blocks it. (newswise.com)
  • COVID-19 Drugs Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine, but Not Azithromycin and Remdesivir, Block hERG Potassium Channels. (cdc.gov)
  • This working group is dedicated to investigating preclinical cardiac biomarkers of hypercoagulability induced under a thrombotic state, in both normal and diseased states. (hesiglobal.org)
  • Specific signs and symptoms are associated with the neurotransmitters and receptors affected by each drug class. (aafp.org)
  • The symptoms of drug abuse are frequently misdiagnosed. (aafp.org)
  • The multiple signs and symptoms of intoxication and withdrawal often are not consistent because of variable dosages and the adulteration of drugs. (aafp.org)
  • In this model, the signs and symptoms of drugs of abuse ( Figure 1 ) are organized around the activity of six neurotransmitters. (aafp.org)
  • A knowledge of the symptoms associated with each neurotransmitter can facilitate diagnostic evaluation in drug abuse and withdrawal states ( Table 2 ) . (aafp.org)
  • As newer drugs of abuse are identified, physicians only need to know the affected neurotransmitter and receptor site to recognize the resultant signs and symptoms. (aafp.org)
  • Cardiac function is modulated by neurotransmitters and hormones that exert their effects via G-protein-coupled receptors on the membrane surface. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • The symptomatic effects of drug abuse are a result of alterations in the functioning of the following neurotransmitters or their receptors: acetylcholine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, opioids and serotonin. (aafp.org)
  • Anticholinergic drugs antagonize acetylcholine receptors. (aafp.org)
  • By recognizing symptomatic changes related to particular neurotransmitters and their receptors, family physicians can accurately determine the drug class and intervene appropriately to counteract drug-induced effects. (aafp.org)
  • In addition, patients who had previously tolerated the drug well are still susceptible to its proarrhythmic effects. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Safety pharmacology studies are needed for assessment of the impact of any new chemical entity or biotechnology-derived product on vital organ systems before first-in-human drug testing. (aurorabiomed.com)
  • She received her PhD in pharmacology and toxicology from the University of Arizona in 2012 for which she identified cysteine cathepsins as novel targets of UVA-induced photooxidative stress. (the-scientist.com)
  • Anesthesia Pharmacology: Antiarrhythmic Drug Classes II, III, and IV are presented. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • As a result, an integrative (both cell-level and multicellular) view is essential, and current regulations need to be revisited (see Supplementary Fig. 1 overviewing the Comprehensive in Vitro Pro-arrhythmia Assay 5 Concept). (nature.com)
  • The physiological changes during pregnancy predispose a woman for the development of new-onset or recurrent arrhythmia . (nih.gov)
  • However, it has been associated with a risk of provoking other potentially dangerous arrhythmias, especially if used in high doses and in patients with uncorrected electrolyte imbalance or impaired renal and cardiac function. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Cardiac enzymes (creatine kinase, myoglobin, troponin): Elevations in these enzyme levels may indicate ischemia and MI. (medscape.com)
  • Toxicology screen: Looking for drugs, such as cocaine, that can lead to vasospasm-induced ischemia is warranted if suspicion exists. (medscape.com)
  • For long-term (greater than 5 microsecond) simulations of the relatively slow entry of the drug into cardiac cells, the scientists also made use of Anton 2 , a special-purpose supercomputer for biomolecular simulation designed and constructed by D. E. Shaw Research (DESRES) and hosted by Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC). (newswise.com)