• Elevated DNA-PKcs is thought to be "beneficial to the tumor cells", though it would be at the expense of the patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genotoxic colibactin-producing pks+ Escherichia coli induce DNA double-strand breaks, mutations, and promote tumor development in mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Although APOBEC-mutational signature is found in tumor tissues of multiple cancers, how a common germline APOBEC3A/B deletion affects the mutational signature remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using data from 10 cancer types generated as part of TCGA, we performed integrative genomic and association analyses to assess inter-relationship of expressions for isoforms APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B , APOBEC-mutational signature, germline APOBEC3A/B deletions, neoantigen loads, and tumor infiltration lymphocytes (TILs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell functional assays, in vivo xenografts tumor growth experiments, and survival analysis were used to investigate the functional significance and mechanism of chemosensitization after SETD8 downregulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For convenient analysis, user-friendly tools, such as the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), which can be used to analyze tumor-infiltrating immune cells comprehensively, are also emerging. (ui.ac.id)
  • DNA repair and damage response contribute to genomic instability that accompanies tumor progression. (hindawi.com)
  • To profile genomic and epigenomic of a naïve Chinese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort and investigate the association between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and DNA methylation (DNAm) to explore potential alternative/complimentary biomarkers for NSCLC immunotherapies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As tumor suppressor genes, loss-of-function mutations in BRCA1/2 may lead to the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks and result in genomic instability and tumor formation [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the research areas at the MDC is immunology and inflammation, which covers tumor immunology, DNA repair in B lymphocytes, the role of tumor stroma-immune cell interaction in cancers, the role of innate immune cells in gliomas and neurodegenerative diseases, and the development of immunotherapy strategies. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • They function as tumor suppressors and are important in the maintenance of genomic stability through their role in DNA damage signalling and DNA repair. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, it remains unclear whether SETD2 dysfunction is a complementary or independent factor to microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) for immunocheckpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, and little is known regarding whether this type of dysfunction acts differently in various types of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSIsensor score, HRD score, RNAseq, mutational data, and corresponding clinical data were obtained from the TCGA and MSKCC cohort for seven solid tumor types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both the Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that KIN17 is aberrantly high expressed in various tumor tissues and is also associated with poor prognosis in patients with various tumor types. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cdc45 might be able to bind single-stranded DNA, which suggests that the lagging strand is channeled through Cdc45, whereas the leading strand passes through the center of the MCM ring. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stephen Kowalczykowski (University of California, Davis, USA) described for the first time the purification of this impressive 3,418-amino-acid protein and reported that it binds RAD51 (the human homolog of bacterial RecA) and promotes RAD51 assembly onto single-stranded DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surface modification of solid-state nanopores for sticky-free translocation of single-stranded DNA. (genomeweb.com)
  • Essential amino acid residues in the single-stranded DNA-binding protein of bacteriophage T7. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The package provides functionalities for both extracting mutational signatures de novo and determining the contribution of previously identified mutational signatures on a single sample level. (bioconductor.org)
  • Such excess DNA damage may increase mutations due to error-prone translesion synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • PRKDC (DNA-PKcs) mutations were found in 3 out of 10 of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers, as well as in the field defects from which they arose. (wikipedia.org)
  • Double and triple mutants F16W/I24Q, F16W/N27D, and F16W/I24Q/N27D all showed defects in DNA binding, strand transfer, and helix destabilization, suggesting that the I24Q and N27D mutations have a "dominant negative" effect and abolish the positive influence of F16W. (umd.edu)
  • The search for unknown mutations in genomic DNA is important for a broad spectrum of research studies, including fundamental research on gene structure and function, the study of genetic diseases and disorders, and species identification. (bio-rad.com)
  • In any living cell, mutations occur when there is a failure in DNA repair. (bio-rad.com)
  • Mutational analysis assists with identifying unknown mutations as well as identifying precursors to diseases and disorders by allowing researchers to study these mutations in a control environment. (bio-rad.com)
  • Over the past couple of decades, mutation detection techniques, such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), constant denaturing gel electrophoresis (CDGE), temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and protein truncation test (PTT), have assisted researchers with analyzing mutations. (bio-rad.com)
  • Typically, site-directed mutagenesis is used to create mutant control samples by introducing mutations into some DNA fragments. (bio-rad.com)
  • DNA containing mutations will encounter mobility shifts at different positions in the gel than the wild type. (bio-rad.com)
  • An obstacle to performing reliable genomic clonality analysis in UM has been an inability to detect the wide diversity of BAP1 mutations using standard bioinformatic methods. (nature.com)
  • A direct link between DNA DSBs, genomic instability, and cancer is evidenced the fact that many cancer-predisposition syndromes in humans characterized by genomic instability are caused by mutations in DSB-responsive genes ( 16 , 17 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Recent studies have revealed that somatic mutations can be characterized by several distinct patterns, termed mutational signature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, mutations in DNA binding sites recognized by transcription factors can alter regulator binding affinities and, consequently, expression of target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our analyses of IDH1 mutations in for R132C mutations in astrocytes or glioblastomas from a population- precursor cel s that already carry a based study (407 cases) showed that germline TP53 mutation. (who.int)
  • These studies reveal that recurrent somatic mutations occur in only a handful of genes, with an overall mutational burden of roughly 1-2 per Mb. (springer.com)
  • Mutations in the genes BRCA1, BRCA2 or PIK3CA have important implications in the cellular DNA repair mechanisms, and are associated with sensitivity and improved response to platinum-based chemotherapy and PAPR inhibitors. (unilabs.ch)
  • Mutations in the gene encoding the 3'-5' DNA exonuclease TREX1 are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The TREX1 double-stranded DNA degradation activity is defective in dominant mutations associated with autoimmune disease. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Defects in DNA degradation revealed in crystal structures of TREX1 exonuclease mutations linked to autoimmune disease. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Mutations and/or dysfunction in DDR pathways can lead to unrepaired DNA damage, resulting in genomic instability 4 .Genomic instability, in turn, increases the cell's propensity for genetic alterations that cause cancer initiation and progression 4,5 . (sophiagenetics.com)
  • Mutational inactivation of the nijmegen breakage syndrome gene (NBS1) in glioblastomas is associated with multiple TP53 mutations. (cdc.gov)
  • DNA damage appears to be the primary underlying cause of cancer, and deficiencies in DNA repair genes likely underlie many forms of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reductions in expression of DNA repair genes (usually caused by epigenetic alterations) are very common in cancers, and are ordinarily even more frequent than mutational defects in DNA repair genes in cancers. (wikipedia.org)
  • As indicated in the article Genome instability, such genome instability may be due to deficiencies in other DNA repair genes present in the cancers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genes that suppress carcinogenesis have been classified as gatekeepers that regulate cellular proliferation and cell death and as caretakers that are primarily encode DNA repair proteins required for the maintenance of genome integrity ( 15 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Each of Recombinetics' calves possessed two antibiotic resistance genes, along with other segments of superfluous bacterial DNA. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) synthesizes primarily the leading strand, while DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) synthesizes primarily the lagging strand and the genes encoding the catalytic subunits of these two polymerases are essential for life. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genomic alterations in DNA repair genes also play a substantial role in response to chemotherapeutics underlying the genetics of multiple cancers, including breast, colorectal, ovarian, and lung cancer [ 11 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Our methodology CRISPR/Cas9 selection-mediated identification of dependencies (CRISPR-SID) uses calculated deviations between experimentally observed gene editing outcomes and deep -learning-predicted double-strand break repair patterns to identify genes under negative selection during tumorigenesis. (xenbase.org)
  • Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify potential target genes to be analyzed in the validation step in an independent cohort. (oncotarget.com)
  • The transcription factor AmrZ utilizes multiple DNA binding modes to recognize activator and repressor sequences of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes. (wakehealth.edu)
  • AmrZ beta-sheet residues are essential for DNA binding and transcriptional control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential for cell survival and maintaining genome integrity. (rcsb.org)
  • In response to DSB formation, DNA-PKcs is recruited to DSBs by the DNA end-binding Ku70/80 heterodimer and is rapidly phosphorylated at multiple serine and threonine residues ( 1 , 2 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Meiotic recombination is initiated by the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), essential for fertility and genetic diversity. (sciety.org)
  • Both of them are implicated in mediating repair of double strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination (HR) through interactions with RAD51. (oncotarget.com)
  • As inactivation of BRCA1/2 leads to impaired HR, it has been investigated whether mutation carriers would be sensitive to DNA cross-linking agents, such as platinum salts, as they introduce DSBs. (oncotarget.com)
  • One of the major DDR pathways is the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway, responsible for repairing double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA 5 . (sophiagenetics.com)
  • The elevation of DNA-PKcs is thought to reflect the induction of a compensatory DNA repair capability, due to the genome instability in these cancers. (wikipedia.org)
  • A section of the genome is doubled. (bio-rad.com)
  • These studies unveiled a novel function of DNA-PKcs in safeguarding the genome integrity and cancer suppression as chromosomal instability (CIN) plays an important role in cancer development and is a hallmark of cancer cells ( 14 ). (amegroups.org)
  • But FDA's findings are potentially trivial besides another recent discovery about gene-editing: that foreign DNA from surprising sources can routinely find its way into the genome of edited animals. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Ultimately, all DNA 'editing' is really the cutting of DNA by enzymes, called nucleases, that are supposed to act only at chosen sites in the genome of a living cell. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The triennial Keystone Symposium on 'DNA Replication and Recombination' brought together researchers working on various aspects of genome duplication, recombination and repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Cancer Genome Atlas Pan-Cancer analysis project. (ui.ac.id)
  • During the infection process, bacteriophages can transfer foreign DNA to their host (including virulence factors), integrate into the host genome, and/or kill their host through cell lysis ( Chen and Novick, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Genome sequencing of normal cells reveals developmental lineages and mutational processes. (genomeweb.com)
  • The Marmoset Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. (genomeweb.com)
  • Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals differences in population management and selection of European low-input pig breeds. (genomeweb.com)
  • Previous studies have indicated that KIN17 is involved in global genome repair, DNA replication, transcription and regulation of the cell cycle as part of a multi-protein complex. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These events activate a complex network of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways , which facilitate DNA repair and maintain the stability of the genome 4 . (sophiagenetics.com)
  • Inhibition of DNA-PKcs activity via a small interfering RNA or a kinase inhibitor results in mitosis delay, abnormal spindle formation, and chromosome misalignment. (amegroups.org)
  • This cut creates a double-stranded break that severs (and therefore severely damages ) a chromosome. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • A plasmid is a circular piece of DNA that replicates separately from the host chromosome and can be passed from one bacterial cell to another via conjugation, allowing advantageous traits to spread among diverse species. (uw.edu)
  • Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at multiple origin sites along each chromosome and terminates when replication forks (RFs) from adjacent origins converge. (elifesciences.org)
  • Sequence analysis of Wnt-independent organoids reveals an enhanced mutational burden, including chromosomal aberrations typical of genomic instability. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • We found that expression level of the isoform uc011aoc transcribed from the APOBEC3A/B chimera was associated with a greater burden of APOBEC-mutational signature only in breast cancer, while germline APOBEC3A/B deletion led to an increased expression level of uc011aoc in multiple cancer types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA-PKcs is required for the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair, which rejoins double-strand breaks. (wikipedia.org)
  • When cancer cells are deficient in ATM the cells are "addicted" to DNA-PKcs, important in the alternative DNA repair pathway for double-strand breaks, non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). (wikipedia.org)
  • In ATM mutant cells, additional loss of DNA-PKcs leaves the cells without either major pathway (HRR and NHEJ) for repair of DNA double-strand breaks. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a key component of the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway, is involved in DNA double-strand break repair, immunocompetence, genomic integrity, and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. (amegroups.org)
  • The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is the key component of the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and is required for cellular resistance to ionizing radiation (IR) ( 1 , 2 ). (amegroups.org)
  • DNA-PKcs and the NHEJ pathway are also essential for V(D)J recombination during T and B cell lymphocyte development. (amegroups.org)
  • The mechanism is exerted by reduced binding of 53BP1 to DNA breaks and inhibition of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA double-strand break repair pathway regulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. (ui.ac.id)
  • A base is exchanged for another (for example, C to T) in the DNA sequence. (bio-rad.com)
  • Single or multiple base-pairs are incorporated or deleted from a DNA sequence. (bio-rad.com)
  • Since the T m of a particular melting domain is sequence specific, the presence of a mutation will alter the melting profile of that DNA when compared to wild type. (bio-rad.com)
  • Epigenetic modifications alter cellular plasticity, differentiation, and reprogramming without changing the primary DNA sequence or the genetic code of organisms [ 3 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • MMR by exome sequence mutational impact. (ncri.org.uk)
  • The somatic mutational landscape of the more common renal cancers is well known. (springer.com)
  • Please contribute to polbase by adding your missing DNA polymerase papers. (neb.com)
  • Lesion bypass of N2-ethylguanine by human DNA polymerase iota. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The DNA-Pkcs protein is a serine/threonine protein kinase consisting of a single polypeptide chain of 4,128 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA-PKcs is the catalytic subunit of a nuclear DNA-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase called DNA-PK. (wikipedia.org)
  • The package covers a wide range of patterns including: mutational signatures, transcriptional and replicative strand bias, lesion segregation, genomic distribution and association with genomic features, which are collectively meaningful for studying the activity of mutational processes. (bioconductor.org)
  • For most commercial applications gene-editing's appeal is simplicity and precision: it alters genomes at precise sites and without inserting foreign DNA. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • HMGA2 delays the release of DNA-PKcs from sites of double-strand breaks, interfering with DNA repair by non-homologous end joining and causing chromosomal aberrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • An extensive high- and low-resolution structural analysis of Deinococcus radiodurans RecN using a combination of protein crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering enabled us to assemble a quasi-atomic model of the entire RecN protein, representing the complete structure of a SMC-like protein. (rcsb.org)
  • Using mutational data and structural information, Botchan suggested that the leading strand of the DNA passes through the central channel of the CMG complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structural and mutational analysis of Escherichia coli AlkB provides insight into substrate specificity and DNA damage searching. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The breast cancer suppressor protein BRCA2 has an important role in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Katharina Schlacher (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA), presented elegant single-molecule DNA fiber analysis demonstrating that BRCA2 protects newly synthesized DNA from degradation by the nuclease MRE11 when replication forks are stalled by hydroxyurea. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutational analysis of BRCA2 by Schlacher and her colleagues enabled the separation of functions required for homologous recombination and for fork protection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA), including BRCA1 and BRCA2, are involved in the homologous recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2007. Ortholog of BRCA2-interacting protein BCCIP controls morphogenetic responses during DNA replication stress in Ustilago maydis. . (cornell.edu)
  • DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit, also known as DNA-PKcs, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gene designated as PRKDC or XRCC7. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many proteins have been identified as substrates for the kinase activity of DNA-PK. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA-PK also cooperates with ATR and ATM to phosphorylate proteins involved in the DNA damage checkpoint. (wikipedia.org)
  • The production of 27 of these putative proteins was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
  • Cisplatin acts to destroy the template function of the DNA double helix by forming intra-chain and inter-chain adducts, leading to DNA damage [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The package works with single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (Indels), double base substitutions (DBSs) and larger multi base substitutions (MBSs). (bioconductor.org)
  • The mutational rate of oncogenes in colitic cancer was analyzed and compared to that of oncogenes in sporadic CRC. (iiarjournals.org)
  • These results, together with a thorough biochemical and mutational study of RecN, allow us to propose a model for the role of RecN in DSB repair. (rcsb.org)
  • Histologic, biochemical, and molecular analysis examined pancreatic pathologies up to 2 months after induction of Atrx deletion. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The MDC's participating research groups bring a broad range of technological expertise to the initiative - ranging from biochemical assays, structure and function analysis, and gene editing to the development of preclinical mouse models, GMP production, and even clinical trials. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • With respect to cadherin 1 (CDH1) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), the mutational rates for non-neoplastic colorectal mucosa were similar to those in sporadic CRC. (iiarjournals.org)
  • We examined mutational changes in patients with colitic cancer and the features that differed between the carcinogenesis of UC and sporadic CRC. (iiarjournals.org)
  • It is a multifunctional nuclease and plays crucial roles in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), double-stranded break repair (DSBR), nucleotide excision repair (NER), immunoglobulin maturation, and telomere maintenance [ 18 - 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Genetic and antigenic analysis by hemagglutination inhibition and direct nucleotide sequencing of the HA1 region of the hemagglutinin gene were performed on two isolates, A/Peru/1641/99 and A/Peru/1798/99. (cdc.gov)
  • Colibactin's distinct mutational signature is reflected in human CRC, suggesting a causal link. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Although its precise biological function remains unclear, its proximity to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) makes it an excellent candidate to participate in mtDNA replication, metabolism and maintenance. (mdpi.com)
  • After ionizing radiation DNA-PKcs was increased in the surviving cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • That is, in ATM-mutant cells, an inhibitor of DNA-PKcs causes high levels of apoptotic cell death. (wikipedia.org)
  • This package provides a comprehensive set of flexible functions that allows researchers to easily evaluate and visualize a multitude of mutational patterns in base substitution catalogues of e.g. healthy samples, tumour samples, or DNA-repair deficient cells. (bioconductor.org)
  • Furthermore, we found that the deletion was associated with elevated APOBEC-mutational signature, neoantigen loads and relative composition of T cells (CD8+) in TILs only in breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The gene-editing of DNA inside living cells is considered by many to be the preeminent technological breakthrough of the new millennium. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • They imply, at the very least, the need for strong measures to prevent contamination by stray DNA, along with thorough scrutiny of gene-edited cells and gene-edited organisms. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • In practice, this DNA repair is usually inaccurate because the natural repair mechanism in most cells is somewhat random. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The DNA in our cells endure up to one million damaging events each day, caused by both exogenous (i.e. environmental) and endogenous (i.e. internal metabolic) factors 3 . (sophiagenetics.com)
  • Pan-tumorous BRCA1/2 mutational profiles were described and compared between male and female patients (TCGA cohort, n = 349). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2011. Mutational analysis of Brh2 reveals requirements for compensating mediator functions. . (cornell.edu)
  • The TREX1 exonuclease R114H mutation in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome and lupus reveals dimeric structure requirements for DNA degradation activity. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Mutational processes leave characteristic footprints in genomic DNA. (bioconductor.org)
  • A clear trend of this exciting meeting was a further shift from 'ovals and arrows' models to a more mechanistic understanding of the processes underlying DNA replication and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The MCM2-7 protein complex is the precursor of the replicative helicase that unwinds DNA in front of the active replication complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cox regression analysis was used to assess overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among SNP genotypes. (hindawi.com)
  • Aberrant changes in epigenetic mechanisms regulating DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, expression of noncoding RNAs, and mRNA methylation are associated with the initiation, growth, and progression of digestive system tumors [ 2 , 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • MToolBox: a highly automated pipeline for heteroplasmy annotation and prioritization analysis of human mitochondrial variants in high-throughput sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • This genetic material is not DNA that was put there on purpose, but rather, is a contaminant of standard editing procedures. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Problems that arise during DNA replication can drive genomic alterations that are instrumental in the development of cancers and many human genetic disorders. (elifesciences.org)
  • During the G1 phase of the cell cycle, the helicase is loaded in an inactive form onto DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the two labs agree that the model in which the double-stranded DNA passes through the central channel of the helicase and becomes separated by a 'plough share' is not feasible. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For the future, a more detailed understanding of the paths of the leading and lagging DNA strands running through the CMG helicase complex towards the DNA polymerases is needed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More recently, high resolution melt (HRM) analysis has also become a technique of choice for mutation detection. (bio-rad.com)
  • DNA sequencing can be used to verify the mutation after any of these techniques. (bio-rad.com)
  • 2009. Second-end capture in DNA double-strand break repair promoted by Brh2 protein of Ustilago maydis. . (cornell.edu)
  • ATRX affects DNA replication, repair, and gene expression and is implicated in other cancers including glioblastomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This so-called recombination-dependent replication (RDR) helps ensure that DNA is fully replicated prior to sister chromatid segregation, thereby avoiding mitotic catastrophes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Autophosphorylation of DNA-PKcs appears to play a key role in NHEJ and is thought to induce a conformational change that allows end processing enzymes to access the ends of the double-strand break. (wikipedia.org)
  • The DDR comprises single-strand break (SSB) (BER, NER, MMR) and double-strand break (DSB) (HR, NHEJ) pathways. (ncri.org.uk)
  • citation needed] DNA-PKcs expression was reduced by 23% to 57% in six cancers as indicated in the table. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is not clear what causes reduced expression of DNA-PKcs in cancers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Elevated DNA-PKcs expression is found in a large fraction (40% to 90%) of some cancers (the remaining fraction of cancers often has reduced or absent expression of DNA-PKcs). (wikipedia.org)
  • As indicated in a table listing 12 types of cancer reported in 20 publications, the fraction of cancers with over-expression of DNA-PKcs is often associated with an advanced stage of the cancer and shorter survival time for the patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further analysis of transcription factors with conserved binding motifs can reveal cell regulatory pathways crucial for the survivability of various human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The subgroup analysis demonstrated that BRCAm was associated with increased OS in gastric and bladder cancers, decreased PFS in prostate, esophageal, and head and neck cancers, and decreased OS in glioma/glioblastoma in males. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our aim was to identify microRNAs targeting DNA repair machinery, through Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA Arrays, in a cohort of BRCA-related and sporadic breast cancers. (oncotarget.com)
  • Epigenetic reduction or absence of let-7a microRNA allows high expression of the HMGA2 protein and this would lead to defective expression of DNA-PKcs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike I24Q and others, N27D was defective in DNA binding. (umd.edu)
  • Figure 1: Draft phylogenetic analysis of Monkeypox viral sequences, highlighting the diversity within the outbreak cluster. (shtfplan.com)
  • Conclusion: We demonstrated that mutational rates for APC and KRAS differ between colitic cancer and sporadic CRC. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Various anti-DNA-PKcs strategies have been developed and tested in preclinical studies to exploit the benefit of DNA-PKcs inhibition in sensitization of radiotherapy and in combined modality therapy with other antitumor agents. (amegroups.org)
  • In this article, we review the association between DNA-PKcs and cancer development and discuss current approaches and mechanisms for inhibition of DNA-PKcs. (amegroups.org)
  • The future challenges are to understand how DNA-PKcs activity is correlated with cancer susceptibility and to identify those patients who would most benefit from DNA-PKcs inhibition. (amegroups.org)
  • Assessing the impact of water treatment on bacterial biofilms in drinking water distribution systems using high-throughput DNA sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • Only I24Q and N27D showed reduced strand transfer in in vitro recombination assays. (umd.edu)