• In ecology, a disturbance is a temporary change in environmental conditions that causes a pronounced change in an ecosystem. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because scale-dependent relationships are ubiquitous in ecology, the spatial scale modulates the effect of disturbance on natural communities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sparkle Malone, an expert on disturbance ecology and ecosystem dynamics, and Paulo Brando, an internationally recognized expert in tropical ecosystems, have joined the YSE faculty. (yale.edu)
  • To repair and restore ecosystems, restoration specialists apply concepts from the field of ecology . (britannica.com)
  • Disturbance ecology is the subdiscipline of ecology that explores the causes and consequences of both natural and anthropogenic [human-caused] disturbances. (britannica.com)
  • Thus, ideally, the Rising Star has a background in forest ecosystems and disturbance ecology and also some experience in socio-ecological system research or related topics. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Have our experiments and indices been underestimating the role of facilitation? (ucsb.edu)
  • In the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 1 , large knowledge gaps persist on how to increase biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in cash crop-dominated tropical landscapes 2 . (nature.com)
  • Overall, indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, as well as multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality, were higher in tree islands compared to conventionally managed oil palm. (nature.com)
  • Many agricultural landscapes are in urgent need of ecological restoration to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem functioning while also promoting local livelihoods 9 , 10 , 11 , a central goal of the current United Nations decade on Ecosystem Restoration. (nature.com)
  • To provide an holistic overview of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across the experiment, we calculated multidiversity and multifunctionality using the aforementioned indicators 18 . (nature.com)
  • The tree cover in these areas is sparser, but the diversity of the tree cover is much higher than in areas without large herbivores," says Lanhui Wang, a researcher in physical geography and ecosystem science at Lund University. (lu.se)
  • With a changing climate there is an increasing risk of more frequent and severe disturbance events causing damage to our forests. (lu.se)
  • As the escalating crisis of the climate crisis is so tragically and consistently showing, unless there is a reframing of human consciousness and practice centred on planetary health (which umbilically links human and ecosystem health), then our world is heading for a future of perennial planetary disasters. (ilrigsa.org.za)
  • Earthquakes, various types of volcanic eruptions, tsunami, firestorms, impact events, climate change, and the devastating effects of human impact on the environment (anthropogenic disturbances) such as clearcutting, forest clearing and the introduction of invasive species can be considered major disturbances. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anthropogenic climate change is considered a major source of change in future successional trajectories of ecosystems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Projections for forest disturbance and damage under a changing climate in British Columbia are summarized, with the objective of collating regionally specific expectations so that land managers can take pro-active steps to avoid or adapt to the changes expected. (jem-online.org)
  • How can we increase the resilience of our forest to be better prepared for future natural disturbances and climate change, while maintaining a high level of wood production, carbon storage, and habitat quality for biodiversity? (resilience-blog.com)
  • The project Innovative forest management strategies for a resilient bioeconomy under climate change and disturbances (I-MAESTRO ) aims at improving the scientific basis for developing adequate forest management strategies. (resilience-blog.com)
  • We seek to better understand the relationship between the complexity of stand structure and the provision of ecosystem services while integrating the effects of natural disturbances and climate change. (resilience-blog.com)
  • This better understanding has practical implications: it could help to develop long-term management strategies aiming to maximise ecosystem services against disturbances and climate change. (resilience-blog.com)
  • Global Climate Change and Cold Regions Ecosystems provides information on soil processes and the carbon cycle in cold ecoregions as well as the soil carbon pool and its fluxes in the soils of cold ecoregions. (routledge.com)
  • Global Climate Change and Cold Regions Ecosystems covers the current and possible future effects of the cold ecoregions soil C pool on the global carbon pool. (routledge.com)
  • Carbon is essential for ecosystem development and plays a lead role in regional and global climate. (nasa.gov)
  • Ecosystems provide a wide variety of useful resources that enhance human welfare, but these resources are declining due to climate change and anthropogenic pressure. (mdpi.com)
  • Emergent vulnerability to climate-driven disturbances in European forests. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • Supplementary Table 1 ) and 19 indicators of ecosystem functioning associated with productivity of oil palms and planted trees, resistance to invasion, pollination, soil quality, predation and herbivory, carbon and nutrient cycling and water and climate regulation (Supplementary Table 2 ). (nature.com)
  • This assessment, based on in situ observations and models, improves our understanding of the high-latitude carbon status and also indicates a continued need for integrated site-to-regional assessments to monitor the vulnerability of these ecosystems to climate change. (lu.se)
  • These provide clean air, fresh water, medicines, food and nutrition security and support critical ecosystem functions and services such pest and disease regulation, pollination, climate regulation, and mitigating the impacts of extreme events. (who.int)
  • At larger scales, we employ remote sensing, field measurements, and monitoring (including the use of ICOS) to assess the effects of climate change and land use changes on vegetation and ecosystems, such as changes in greenhouse gas uptake and emissions. (lu.se)
  • Maintaining species-rich and resilient ecosystems is key to preserving biodiversity and mitigating climate change. (lu.se)
  • At a time when global initiatives are intensely focused on combating climate change and biodiversity loss, our findings highlight the need for a broader and more nuanced discussion about ecosystem management and conservation measures. (lu.se)
  • Although disturbance types have varied on ecosystems, spatial scale likely influences ecological interactions and community recovery from all cases because organisms differ in dispersal and movement capabilities. (wikipedia.org)
  • An assessment of their ecological status is difficult due to natural continuous disturbances, the presence of a mosaic of abiotic conditions from freshwater to marine waters, and increasing human activities since the middle of the 19th century. (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
  • They can be present in a wide range of ecological, including successional, and climatic conditions when and where disturbance and/or aridity have resulted in opportunities for colonization. (frontiersin.org)
  • Populations, communities, and ecosystems are ecological units that can be considered along a scale of increasing system complexity and structure. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ecological restoration , the process of repairing sites in nature whose biological communities (that is, interacting groups of various species in a common location) and ecosystems have been degraded or destroyed. (britannica.com)
  • Ecological restoration focuses on repairing the damage human activities have caused to natural ecosystems and seeks to return them to an earlier state or to another state that is closely related to one unaltered by human activities. (britannica.com)
  • Ecological restoration is distinguished from the practice of conservation , which is primarily concerned with preventing further losses to ecosystems. (britannica.com)
  • Thus, restorationists must understand the ecosystem's pattern of ecological disturbances. (britannica.com)
  • In addition, the transformation of forests to oil palm-dominated landscapes alters the functioning of ecological communities and environmental conditions, leading to a reduction of several ecosystem functions and services 7 , 8 . (nature.com)
  • However, trade-offs between biodiversity or ecosystem functioning and agricultural productivity may result in failed restoration efforts or lead to undesirable ecological spillover effects by promoting the expansion of the agricultural frontier into natural forested areas 12 . (nature.com)
  • Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are commonly found on the soil surface in arid and semi-arid ecosystems (collectively called drylands). (usgs.gov)
  • Plateau pika ( Ochotona curzoniae ) disturbance and patchiness intensify the spatial heterogeneous distribution of vegetation productivity and soil physicochemical properties, which may alter the ecosystem carbon emission process. (copernicus.org)
  • Examines successional patterns at three spatial scales following stream ecosystem disturbance and explores factors controlling ecosystem structure and process at three temporal scales. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Detailed consideration of spatial and temporal scale of succession and ecosystem processes is essentially a case study from Sycamore Creek, Maricopa County, Arizona, a northern Sonoran Desert stream that has been intensively studied since 1978. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The framework is made up of a number of modules (or submodels), each containing formulations of a relatively well-defined, related subset of ecosystem processes with a distinct spatial and/or temporal signature (characteristic scale). (lu.se)
  • Species adapted to anthropogenic disturbance are often known as weeds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another example of anthropogenic disturbance is controlled burns used by Native Americans to maintain fire-dependent ecosystems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Natural and Anthropogenic Disturbance. (routledge.com)
  • This chapter examines the effects of cumulative impacts of anthropogenic drivers and climatic change on the structure and function of estuarine and coastal marine ecosystems to illustrate the disturbance, resistance, and resilience responses of these transitional complex ecosystems. (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
  • Not only invasive species can have a profound effect on an ecosystem, but also naturally occurring species can cause disturbance by their behavior. (wikipedia.org)
  • Disturbance forces can have profound immediate effects on ecosystems and can, accordingly, greatly alter the natural community's population size or species richness. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of these and the impacts on populations, disturbance determines the future shifts in dominance, various species successively becoming dominant as their life history characteristics, and associated life-forms, are exhibited over time. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other disturbances, such as those caused by humans, invasive species or impact events, can occur anywhere and are not necessarily cyclic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human activities have introduced disturbances into ecosystems worldwide on a large scale, resulting in widespread range expansion and rapid evolution of disturbance-adapted species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Agricultural practices create novel ecosystems, known as agroecosystems, which are colonized by plant species adapted to disturbance and enforce evolutionary pressure upon those species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Often, when disturbances occur naturally, they provide conditions that favor the success of different species over pre-disturbance organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study assessed endogenous knowledge and impact of human disturbance on the abundance of two underutilized wild fruit tree species: Drypetes floribunda (Mu¨ll. (researchgate.net)
  • One hundred square plots were established in the forest for characterizing species abundance in different habitats according to human disturbance degree. (researchgate.net)
  • A densities assessment suggests a negative effect of human disturbance on the abundance of both species. (researchgate.net)
  • In many ecosystems, humans have altered local native populations of plants and animals, introduced invasive species , converted natural communities to extractive use (such as agriculture or mining ), fouled waters, and degraded soil resources. (britannica.com)
  • To remain healthy, many forest species rely on periodic disturbances such as wildfires . (britannica.com)
  • Nutrient constraints, disturbances and biological interactions are factors that interact in varying combinations to control structure and processes in all streams. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Overall, the aim is to simulate processes observed in forest ecosystems, such as tree growth, tree mortality, or tree interactions. (resilience-blog.com)
  • Filling a void in this area of soil science, this resource explains soil processes influencing C dynamics under natural and disturbed ecosystems. (routledge.com)
  • We will particularly focus on the distribution, structure and functioning of BSCs and related microbial communities from the organismic biology to ecosystem processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Understanding the processes that support population, community, and ecosystem dynamics is fundamental to sound management and conservation decisions. (frontiersin.org)
  • The "slow" processes of individual allocation and growth, population dynamics and disturbance are implemented once each simulation year (Figure 1). (lu.se)
  • At CEC, we study key processes in ecosystems from microscopic to global scales. (lu.se)
  • This includes biogeochemical processes in aquatic and terrestrial environments, interactions between vegetation and the atmosphere, carbon and nutrient cycles, and the connections between biodiversity and the functions of ecosystems. (lu.se)
  • As for the project major achievements, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of the link between the complexity of forest stands and their resilience to disturbance. (resilience-blog.com)
  • Nevertheless, in spite of these cumulative pressures, the ecosystems exhibit high resistance to stressors and high resilience after a stressor is reduced or eliminated. (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
  • Play Ecosystem Resilience Jenga to discover how biodiversity affects resilience. (massaudubon.org)
  • Disturbance and Resilience is a part of a two-part program series with 1x in-class program and 1x field trip program. (massaudubon.org)
  • This study should in particular include risks to the provision of a variety of ecosystem services, and address both forest stand and landscape resistance, resilience and adaptive capacity. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • Our results suggested that pika disturbance and patchiness altered the ecosystem carbon emission pattern, which was mainly attributed to the reduction in soil water and supply of substrates. (copernicus.org)
  • Topics include: soil C pools in different cold ecoregions, the impact of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on the soil C pool, the method of assessment of C and other properties of soils of the cold regions ecosytems while focusing on the fate of C in permafrost soils. (routledge.com)
  • The object of this interdisciplinary Research Topic is to bring together the current research on development of biological soil crusts in natural and human disturbed ecosystems across different climatic regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • According to Goulden, the forests develop a natural tendency to withstand minor tree cutting and soil disturbance. (nasa.gov)
  • However, some disturbances, such as deforestation , are so damaging that they may instead impair the normal functioning of the forest by increasing soil erosion or by eliminating wildlife habitat. (britannica.com)
  • This section addresses all major aspects of population, community, and ecosystem dynamics, with an emphasis on inter- and intra-specific interactions, organism-environment relationships, numerical cycles and stability, meta-populations and meta-communities, functional diversity and connectance, networks, food webs and energy flow. (frontiersin.org)
  • Healthy forests are essential to maintaining the ecosystem services that sustain life. (who.int)
  • Though the collaboration between INES, CEC and SLU, a novel landscape approach for forests will be developed, that will benefit from the expertise on landscape approaches and ecosystem services in agricultural land at CEC. (lu.se)
  • In short: it has been argued that the forests in Europe during the Eemian were very dense and closed such as humans at that time did very little at altering the ecosystems - as opposed to today and a large part of the Holocene. (lu.se)
  • Carbon stocks in central African forests enhanced by elephant disturbance. (lu.se)
  • She teaches courses on methane dynamics and has provided data for the NASA Carbon Monitoring System Blueflux research project, measuring greenhouse gases in Florida's mangrove ecosystems. (yale.edu)
  • Population dynamics focuses on aggregations of individuals (including at different trophic levels), community dynamics involves groups of populations, and ecosystem dynamics can include multiple communities, usually across the range of trophic levels in a system. (frontiersin.org)
  • All manuscripts must be submitted directly to the section Population, Community, and Ecosystem Dynamics, where they are peer-reviewed by the Associate and Review Editors of the specialty section. (frontiersin.org)
  • LPJ-GUESS is a flexible framework for modelling the structure and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems at landscape, regional and global scales. (lu.se)
  • Disturbances often act quickly and with great effect, to alter the physical structure or arrangement of biotic and abiotic elements. (wikipedia.org)
  • This can be attributed to physical changes in the biotic and abiotic conditions of an ecosystem. (wikipedia.org)
  • Estuarine and coastal ecosystems at the interface between land and sea are complex. (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
  • In this work, three vulnerable ecosystems, including shrublands, coastal areas with dunes systems and areas of shallow water, are studied. (mdpi.com)
  • The development of the vegetation can be studied during entire growing seasons for years without disturbances to identify the normal seasonal development of a forest. (lu.se)
  • This is due to the animals' consumption of vegetation as well as physical disturbances. (lu.se)
  • Hence, it is important to develop methods to monitor disturbances. (lu.se)
  • Lund Earth Observation group is focusing on methods to monitor damage caused by insects, but the methods can be applied to all sorts of disturbances. (lu.se)
  • We also utilize quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate and model the consequences of implementing policy decisions on broader bioeconomic systems linked to land use and ecosystems, such as the forestry industry and food systems. (lu.se)
  • We built the frist large database on ecosystem restoration where we estimated how much we are losing in restored ecosystem compared with ecosystems that were undisturbed. (ecosystemrecoverylab.org)
  • Here, we present findings from a large-scale, 5-year ecosystem restoration experiment in an oil palm landscape enriched with 52 tree islands, encompassing assessments of ten indicators of biodiversity and 19 indicators of ecosystem functioning. (nature.com)
  • However, to be a viable alternative for landowners, it is essential to generate empirical evidence on whether and how these restoration strategies affect biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and agricultural productivity in cash crop-dominated landscapes 2 . (nature.com)
  • Here, we present the results of a large-scale, interdisciplinary ecosystem restoration experiment, in which the restoration outcomes across 52 tree islands established in a landscape dominated by an industrial oil palm plantation (140 ha) were observed and quantified three to five years after establishment. (nature.com)
  • The researchers argue that this aspect is not sufficiently considered within the framework of sustainable land management and ecosystem restoration. (lu.se)
  • The UN has declared the 2020s as the decade of ecosystem restoration. (lu.se)
  • Natural fire disturbances for example occur more often in areas with a higher incidence of lightning and flammable biomass, such as longleaf pine ecosystems in the southeastern United States. (wikipedia.org)
  • The potential output of the model include current values of the ecosystem state variables (e.g. biomass for different plant functional types, PFTs) as well as biogeochemical fluxes of CO2 and H2O from ecosystems to the atmosphere or hydrosphere. (lu.se)
  • We link land use and other physical properties of terrestrial ecosystems with their capacity to provide ESS with a view to mapping the global supply of ESS and we contrast it with population density data as a proxy for the demand for ESS. (bioone.org)
  • R eco − GPP), and terrestrial methane (CH 4 ) emissions for the Arctic-boreal zone using a satellite data-driven process-model for northern ecosystems (TCFM-Arctic), calibrated and evaluated using. (lu.se)
  • The forest ecosystem provides important services, such as nutrient cycling, both for the animals that live there and for humans who use the forest for timber and recreation. (britannica.com)
  • A more complete understanding of similarities and dissimilarities in establishment, growth and regeneration of BSCs from different geographical regions is essential in order to fully understand their contribution for ecosystem functioning and services and exploit their potential to improve the health of diverse soils. (frontiersin.org)
  • Mountain Ecosystem Services: Who Cares? (bioone.org)
  • Over the past 2 decades the number of papers mentioning "ecosystem services" (ESS) has risen exponentially. (bioone.org)
  • The aim of this project is to develop methodologies for a landscape approach for forested areas, demonstrate how synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services can be analyzed using this approach and highlight the advantages compared to business as usual approaches. (lu.se)
  • For many agents of tree mortality, expected changes in disturbance regime amount to an expansion or shifting of the seasonal window of activity, sometimes with different trends projected for different seasons and different regions of the province. (jem-online.org)
  • Using historical data, we highlight the consequences of anthropogenic ecosystem modifications on the abundance of mosquitoes implicated as the current most important potential malaria vector, Anopheles hyrcanus, and the most important West Nile virus (WNV) vector, Culex modestus , in the Camargue region, France. (cdc.gov)
  • Central to our research is understanding how ecosystems respond to disturbances, such as forest fires and deforestation, intensified land use or land abandonment, and the implications this has for ecosystem management. (lu.se)
  • Different types of disturbance events occur in different habitats and climates with different weather conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a subject that crosses disciplines, with a somewhat political dimension as we have disturbances caused by humans that affect our environment. (lu.se)
  • Thus, this study aims to improve our understanding of the difference in ecosystem respiration (Re) over heterogeneous land surface in an alpine meadow grassland. (copernicus.org)
  • ABSTRACT Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent form of vaginal disturbances in women of child- bearing age. (who.int)
  • This special report assesses new knowledge since the IPCC 5th Assessment Report (AR5) and the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR15) on how the ocean and cryosphere have and are expected to change with ongoing global warming, the risks and opportunities these changes bring to ecosystems and people, and mitigation, adaptation and governance options for reducing future risks. (ipcc.ch)
  • Background Despite the increasing knowledge of plant-pollinator interaction networks, the effects of human-induced disturbances on them have barely been studied. (bioone.org)
  • Recognizing the critical role of ecosystems in human survival, leaders and representatives from the world's three largest tropical biodiversity ecosystems - the Amazon, the Congo and the Mekong-Delta River basins - are meeting this week in Brazzaville to discuss the complex relationship between forest ecosystems and human well-being. (who.int)
  • The human disturbance of ecosystems and ensuing biodiversity loss are increasingly linked to the occurrence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases outbreaks," said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa during the 26-28 October 2023 summit in Brazzaville. (who.int)
  • Human activity jeopardizes ecosystems, both directly and indirectly. (lu.se)
  • Bete, störning och biologisk mångfald i odlingslandskapet: Hotade skalbaggar i öländska torrmarker [Grazing, disturbance and biodiversity: Threatened beetles in the drylands of Öland] (Meddelande No. 2002:20). (lu.se)
  • Wildfires, droughts, floods, disease outbreaks, changes in hydrology, tornadoes and other extreme weather, landslides, and windstorms are all examples of natural disturbance events that may form a cyclical or periodic pattern over time. (wikipedia.org)
  • The prediction of future forest disturbance regimes is in its infancy, requiring a much more concerted effort in compiling both empirical and simulated data, but managers may wish to adjust plans accordingly where there is largely a consensus among current and projected trends. (jem-online.org)
  • It is meant to minimize disturbance of the forest ecosystem. (nasa.gov)
  • Primary disturbances that affect forest. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specifically, we aim to develop a review paper on vulnerability assessments of forest ecosystems. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • In a recent public statement, the African Centre for Biosafety confirmed the foundational connections: "There are many examples of how ecosystem disruption causes diseases and outbreaks [wherein] … most pandemics including HIV/Aids, Ebola, West Nile, SARS, Lyme disease and hundreds more, have their roots in environmental change and ecosystem disturbances. (ilrigsa.org.za)
  • We disrupt ecosystems, and we shake viruses loose from their natural hosts. (ilrigsa.org.za)
  • Many natural ecosystems experience periodic disturbance that may broadly fall into a cyclical pattern. (wikipedia.org)
  • This openness was only partially linked to climatic factors, but more so to natural disturbance factors. (lu.se)
  • Wetland ecosystems, for example, can be maintained by the movement of water through them and by periodic fires. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also makes it possible to predict the evolution of these ecosystems under different environmental conditions, such as those expected in the future. (resilience-blog.com)
  • The model may be applied to simulate the potential ecosystem of a particular area or region, or across a grid made up of many adjacent areas (grid cells). (lu.se)
  • By applying data science through storytelling, Justin provides innovative technical expertise to develop practical insight on ecosystems and their components for a multi-stakeholder audience that helps inform decision making for short- or long-term planning and management. (consbio.org)
  • These disturbances can alter the trajectory of change within an ecosystem permanently. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of this, a disturbance force can change an ecosystem for significantly longer than the period over which the immediate effects persist. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a change in vag- in the evaluation of asymtomatic women inal ecosystem where the normally domi- because this organism is carried by 30%- nant lactobacilli are greatly reduced and 40% of women who do not have bacterial replaced with a number of other organ- vaginosis [ 8 ]. (who.int)
  • When she came across the new subject of Ecotoxicology, which deals with toxins in nature and their effects on our ecosystem, the decision to start her own research was an easy one. (lu.se)
  • Arctic-boreal landscapes are experiencing profound warming, along with changes in ecosystem moisture status and disturbance from fire. (lu.se)