• Delirium (sometimes called acute confusional state) and dementia are the most common causes of cognitive impairment, although affective disorders (eg, depression) can also disrupt cognition. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Symptoms are exclusively a function of somatoform disorder, factitious disorder, or malingering. (medscape.com)
  • Symptoms are secondary to other psychiatric etiologies such as depressive disorder or anxiety disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Cognitive symptoms are also present in other psychiatric disorders, are a hallmark of aging, and define several late-life disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. (nature.com)
  • Together, this suggests that reduced signaling of the SST+ neuron/α5-GABA-A receptor pathway contributes to cognitive dysfunctions, and that it represents a novel therapeutic target for remediating mood and cognitive symptoms in depression, other psychiatric disorders and during aging. (nature.com)
  • Bipolar disorders are polygenic (involving many genes), so typical symptoms differ significantly from person to person, even among twins with the disorder. (t-vox.org)
  • What are the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cognition and mood symptoms , which are negative changes in beliefs and feelings. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Autism is also an exemplar of many psychiatric disorders: there is a striking range in severity of symptoms, an impressive heterogeneity of comorbid conditions, and no clear cut neuropathology. (mhmedical.com)
  • Functional neurological disorder (FND), also called conversion disorder, is a complex condition that causes neurological symptoms without an apparent structural problem in the nervous system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • With this information, the differential diagnosis of the disorder causing the patient's symptoms can be more focused. (msdmanuals.com)
  • With the aim of capturing mixed symptoms more effectively, the "mixed episode" diagnosis has been eliminated in favor of a "mixed features specifier" that could be added to any mood bipolar disorder diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • These studies will provide information that effectively bridges the fields of addiction and general psychiatry, informing treatment development for co-morbid substance abuse and psychiatric disorders. (ucsd.edu)
  • Sleep duration, psychiatric disorders and dementias are closely interconnected in older adults. (nature.com)
  • Neurocognitive deficits are a core feature of both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. (edu.au)
  • 13 Growing evidence suggests that bipolar disorder patients experience prominent neurocognitive impairment not only during acute mood episodes 14,15 but also during euthymia. (easap.asia)
  • These findings have significant implications for risk detection and the successful deployment of next-generation assessment tools for substance use or misuse and other mental disorders characterized by neurocognitive anomalies related to motivation and self-regulation. (jmir.org)
  • This study investigated whether the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) can be used to screen for milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in occupational health settings. (bvsalud.org)
  • First, their findings show that assessment of social cognition and advanced neurocognition may be a useful tool in the diagnosis of schizophrenia. (socialworkblog.org)
  • A previous adverse reaction to cannabinoids will be cause for exclusion as will a historical diagnosis of cannabis use disorder. (ucsd.edu)
  • Currently, PET scanning and other nuclear medical procedures are not indicated in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals who may have autism spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Establishing differences in these cognitive domains may assist correct diagnosis and treatment of the two disorders. (edu.au)
  • It is important to remember that the diagnosis of conversion disorder is made based on the overall clinical picture and not a single clinical finding. (medscape.com)
  • This MSc combines theoretical grounding in development and its disorders with practical training in clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. (york.ac.uk)
  • Knowledge: Demonstrate a deep and systematic understanding of cognitive neurodevelopmental disorders within the context of typical cognitive and neurological development, and the research paradigms used to investigate the causes, diagnosis and remediation of these disorders, with particular emphasis on educational and clinical implications. (york.ac.uk)
  • A psychiatrist will use the diagnostic criteria laid out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition ( DSM-5 ) to make a diagnosis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Correct diagnosis of a disorder leads to proper effective treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis of bipolar disorder type I (BPI) requires the presence of a manic episode of at least 1 week's duration or that leads to hospitalization or other significant impairment in occupational or social functioning. (medscape.com)
  • 16,17 The cognitive deficits intrinsic to bipolar disorder itself typically coalesce around problems with attentional processing, executive function, and verbal memory. (easap.asia)
  • But when you're working with patients who are older or affected by movement/neurological disorders, neuromotor deficits often impede progress, interfering with functional multitasks, such as walking while talking, that combine cognition, communication, and motor function. (pesi.com)
  • This study is one of the first to look at language and cognition, specifically executive functions, over a two-year window of development in preschool and school-age children while also making comparisons across clinical groups. (umass.edu)
  • For subjects in BD group, DSM-5 criteria for Bipolar Disorder as determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID). (ucsd.edu)
  • Combining perspectives from developmental and cognitive psychology, developmental and educational neuroscience, and applied clinical and educational practice, you'll look at topical issues such as co-morbidity between disorders, and the implications of cognitive disorders for children's mental health. (york.ac.uk)
  • To examine the role of different clinical variables and cognition on functional outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. (easap.asia)
  • Functional outcome in bipolar disorder is significantly influenced by clinical variables related to the illness and cognitive functioning. (easap.asia)
  • Male and female patients with bipolar disorder (according to the ICD-10 research criteria and confirmed by clinical interview of the participants and their immediate family members) aged 18 to 55 years who were currently euthymic (defined as Young Mania Rating Scale 20 score of ≤ 6 and 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 21 score of ≤ 8) were recruited. (easap.asia)
  • Anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, clinical depression, eating disorders, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, postpartum depression, postpartum psychosis and/or schizophrenia are usually part of the patient's family history. (t-vox.org)
  • Aims To explore differences in social cognition between a group of participants diagnosed with AUD and controls, using a clinical measure, the Mini Social and Emotional Assessment (mini-SEA). (lsbu.ac.uk)
  • Critical evaluation: Critically evaluate theories within and beyond the field of neurodevelopmental disorders, using empirical evidence to support their reasoning and arguments. (york.ac.uk)
  • Common to all of these disorders are mental impairments that persist throughout life, hampering development and learning, hence the terms "neurodevelopmental disorder" and "learning disability. (mhmedical.com)
  • In this chapter we focus on autism and briefly consider Down syndrome, fragile X, and other neurodevelopmental disorders with a known genetic basis. (mhmedical.com)
  • Their study does not mean that social cognition should be added to the diagnostic criteria of severe mental illnesses or override the importance of symptomatic criteria, but it can provide diagnostic and predictive value, which is perhaps the most promising cognitive aspect to be included in the assessment and treatment of severe mental illnesses. (socialworkblog.org)
  • The psychiatric assessment can differentiate conversion disorder from other somatoform disorders, factitious disorder, and malingering, and can elucidate the psychodynamics that are important in treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The BrainPark Assessment of Cognition (BrainPAC) Project sought to develop and validate an engaging and user-friendly digital assessment tool purpose-built to comprehensively assess the main consensus-driven constructs underpinning addictive behaviors. (jmir.org)
  • Therefore, the investigators propose to determine the effects of oral cannabinoid administration on cognitive domains relevant to bipolar disorder, e.g., arousal, decision making, cognitive control, inhibition, and temporal perception (sense of timing). (ucsd.edu)
  • Many memory impairments exist as a result from or cause of eating disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • In regard to mental health, individuals with eating disorders appear to have impairments in executive functioning, visual-spatial ability, divided and sustained attention, verbal functioning, learning, and memory. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are three particular diagnoses of eating disorders that have been linked to memory impairments: anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). (wikipedia.org)
  • Another current sleep disorder, medical or neurologic disorder, medication use, or substance use does not better account for the patient's condition. (medscape.com)
  • To avoid confounding of cognitive testing, a neurological disorder such as seizures, stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia, or a history of head injury with loss of consciousness for at least 15 minutes will be excluded. (ucsd.edu)
  • Delirium and dementia are separate disorders but are sometimes difficult to distinguish. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The research is supported by a five-year, $2.4-million grant from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders , split evenly between UMass Amherst, where Hoover is the principal investigator, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where the principal investigator is associate professor Audra Sterling. (umass.edu)
  • This is a glossary of medical terms related to communication disorders which are psychological or medical conditions that could have the potential to affect the ways in which individuals can hear, listen, understand, speak and respond to others. (wikipedia.org)
  • Technical tools and devices such as alphabet boards, text telephones, or text-to-speech conversion software used to aid individuals who have communication disorders perform actions, tasks, and activities. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has a rich history of preparing researchers to advance the knowledge base in the field of Communication Sciences and Disorders and clinicians to work with individuals with communication disorders from linguistically and culturally diverse populations across the lifespan. (umass.edu)
  • A medium-sized effect was found of better social cognition in people with bipolar disorder on Theory of Mind and negative facial emotion recognition tasks, particularly in male patients, but no differences between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on positive (happy) facial emotion recognition tasks. (edu.au)
  • A central diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and a prominent hypotheses that tried to explain this impairment is the Theory of Mind (ToM) deficit hypotheses. (frontiersin.org)
  • This article addresses the body of research concerning subtypes of autism spectrum disorder including pervasive developmental disorders . (medscape.com)
  • This image was obtained approximately 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 4.15 mCi of [18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) to a 10-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder and unspecified intellectual disabitliy using auto-attenuation with a 24-minute acquisition period. (medscape.com)
  • For 2016, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children 8 years of age was 18.5 per 1,000 (one in 54) in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11 ] refers to the presence of the social behavior and repetitive activities of autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability (ie, high-functioning autism). (medscape.com)
  • Complications in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods have been described in some cases of autism spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Although evidence exists that toxic exposure may play a role in isolated cases of autism spectrum disorder, no convincing evidence that toxic exposure is instrumental in the causation of autism spectrum disorder in the population in general has been reported. (medscape.com)
  • In particular, anecdotal reports that autism spectrum disorder developed in children who received immunization to measles, mumps, and rubella have not been confirmed in the general population. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, immunization is not associated with the development of autism spectrum disorder in general. (medscape.com)
  • Autism spectrum disorder includes idiopathic and genetic subtypes. (medscape.com)
  • Autism spectrum disorder also includes genetic disorders such as fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, autism spectrum disorder includes conditions with some features of autism and without all criteria required for autism spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Alcohol-related disorder diagnoses were obtained from the national registrar data. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A major concern in the interpretation of reports about PET scans in autism spectrum disorders is the accuracy and the precision of the diagnoses. (medscape.com)
  • Is the Subject Area "Social cognition" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
  • [ 3 ] is a class of developmental disorders that presents in early childhood and is characterized by marked abnormalities in language, communication, and social interactions and by a restricted and peculiar range of interests and activities. (medscape.com)
  • Moderate to high quality evidence found large effects of better overall cognition , attention , and social cognition , and medium-sized effects of better speed of processing , working memory , learning , reasoning , and problem solving in people with bipolar disorder. (edu.au)
  • A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data, including socio-demographic information, disease and medication status, family situation and social relationship, cognition and attitude towards TD and treatment. (plos.org)
  • As with nearly all psychiatric or psychological phenomena, the etiology of bipolar disorder is thought to include a complex interplay between genetic vulnerability and environmental events (stressful life events, major achievements, difficult relationships with family and/or significant others, drug use and other physical and social phenomena). (t-vox.org)
  • It turned out that the relationship between brain function and social behaviour had nothing to do with conventional diagnostic categories in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Background Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is associated with problems with processing complex social scenarios. (lsbu.ac.uk)
  • Little is known about the relationship between distinct AUD-related factors (e.g., years of problematic drinking), aspects of cognitive function and dysfunction in individuals diagnosed with AUD, and the relative impact these may have on social cognition. (lsbu.ac.uk)
  • Conclusion These results suggest a strong link between AUD chronicity and social cognition, though the direction of this relationship needs further elucidation. (lsbu.ac.uk)
  • A history of sexual or physical abuse is not uncommon and can be seen in as many as one third to one half of patients with dissociative disorder, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Husseini K. Manji M.D. of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) states that at their most basic level, the bipolar disorders involve problems in brain structure and function. (t-vox.org)
  • This study examines the impact of obesity on cognition by comparing neuropsychological performance in obese individuals, with or without a mood disorder before and after undergoing bariatric surgery. (nih.gov)
  • The Substance Abuse Module of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-5 will be administered to exclude individuals with current substance use disorders . (ucsd.edu)
  • Health care professional who is trained to evaluate hearing loss and related disorders, including balance (vestibular) disorders and tinnitus , and to rehabilitate individuals with hearing loss and related disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by abnormal and disturbed eating patterns that affect the lives of the individuals who worry about their weight to the extreme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Individuals with eating disorders show increased tendencies to direct their attention towards irregular eating-related thought processing and attentional bias, compared to non-ED individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Individuals with eating disorders display several memory and attentional biases to food, shape, weight and size. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specific memory biases include: Directed-forgetting: individuals with eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa, display more difficulty in forgetting information or cues related to body, shape and food than those without eating disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • A total of 61 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder and 30 healthy individuals were included in the study. (easap.asia)
  • For most individuals with bipolar disorder, the condition is disabling and the untreated individual has great difficulty functioning. (t-vox.org)
  • It is becoming increasingly clear that bipolar and unipolar mood disorders are biologically related illnesses, because individuals with both mood disorders tend to share a strong family history of bipolar spectrum disorders. (t-vox.org)
  • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a diagnostic term used to describe impacts on the brain and body of individuals prenatally exposed to alcohol. (aifs.gov.au)
  • Alcohol use was assessed through hazardous drinking and alcohol-related disorder including alcohol use disorder (AUD). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Furthermore, mediation analysis and structural equation modeling identified a unified model incorporating polygenic risk score (PRS), sleep, brain structure, cognition and mental health. (nature.com)
  • This kind of "predisposed" family history creates a genetic vulnerability which can significantly increase the likelihood of developing the disorder. (t-vox.org)
  • This indicates that possible genetic mechanisms and brain structural changes may underlie the nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and cognition and mental health. (nature.com)
  • It is likely that autism will ultimately be viewed as a class of disorders each with different etiologies that include genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. (mhmedical.com)
  • Cannabis use is associated with younger age at onset of bipolar disorder , poor outcome, and more frequent manic episodes, but the effects of cannabis on cognition are less clear. (ucsd.edu)
  • Compared to controls without a mental illness, moderate to high quality evidence found a small effect of poorer pre-illness-onset cognitive functioning, and a medium-sized effect of poorer post-illness-onset cognitive functioning in people with bipolar disorder. (edu.au)
  • The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of overweight/obesity among Cypriot adolescents between cohorts from 2003 and 2010 and to determine whether body mass index (BMI) was associated with psychological traits linked to eating disorders. (who.int)
  • People with either disorder may perform poorly on cognitive tasks assessing intelligence , memory , executive functioning , language , information processing and attention . (edu.au)
  • There were also medium-sized effects of better verbal memory and verbal fluency, and small effects of better working memory and processing speed in people with first-episode bipolar disorder. (edu.au)
  • Robert Post M.D. of the U.S. NIMH proposed the "kindling" theory [2] which asserts that people who are genetically predisposed toward bipolar disorder experience a series of stressful events, each of which lowers the threshold at which mood changes occur. (t-vox.org)
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder that some people develop after they experience or see a traumatic event. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Many people with harmful addictive behaviors may not meet formal diagnostic thresholds for a disorder. (jmir.org)
  • ABSTRACT Increasing rates of overweight and eating disorders among young people are a concern. (who.int)
  • Their study is the first one to use a classification tree to compare the importance of different aspects of cognition in differentiating severe mental illnesses. (socialworkblog.org)
  • This heightened attention to disorder-related stimuli leads to higher levels of encoding, consolidation and retrieval of this information, acting as a potential cause for the mental maintenance of the disorder(s). (wikipedia.org)
  • The symptom or deficit is not better explained by another medical or mental disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Short sleep duration among children is associated with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders, is influenced by demographic, neighborhood, and family contexts, and poses risks for long-term health and development. (cdc.gov)
  • Short sleep duration is more prevalent among children with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders, in racial and ethnic minority groups, and from low-socioeconomic households. (cdc.gov)
  • Schema-related: display maladaptive perceptions of food, shape, weight and self that lead to obsessive attention on and enhanced memory for these items, leading to maintaining the eating disorder thought and eating behaviour. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like other childhood disorders, FASD can be understood in the context of cognitive, developmental, ecological and holistic frameworks that may result in more meaningful support for children and families living with FASD. (aifs.gov.au)
  • We examined these factors concurrently and showed the significant and independent association of childhood disorders and demographic, neighborhood, and family factors with short sleep duration. (cdc.gov)
  • Four groups of children are being recruited by language development researcher Jill Hoover for a national longitudinal study to advance the understanding of language and cognition in childhood language disorders. (umass.edu)
  • The study population included 1268 persons from Finland with bipolar disorder. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The current study aimed to assess the relationship of these factors to functional outcomes in bipolar disorder. (easap.asia)
  • This study looked at the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia and gestational hypertension , and the risk for stroke over the next 20 (median, 22) years. (medscape.com)
  • This study, in more than 40,000 US women, found an increased risk for subsequent stroke among women with a prior history of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy - overall, a 66% increased risk, an 80% increased risk with gestational hypertension, and about a 50% increased risk with preeclampsia. (medscape.com)
  • The Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst is committed to the study of both normal and disordered communication. (umass.edu)
  • More adolescents on the higher end of the weight spectrum had pathological scores on the eating disorder scales. (who.int)
  • Les adolescents de 13 à 18 ans ont rempli la troisième version de l'échelle Eating Disorder Inventory-3 et ont passé le test en 26 items Eating Attitudes Test. (who.int)
  • All types of eating disorders (bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and EDNOS) consistently display attentional biases towards disorder-related stimuli specific to their ED. Examples of disorder-related stimuli include food, shape, weight and size. (wikipedia.org)
  • Longitudinal analysis revealed that both insufficient and excessive sleep duration were significantly associated with a decline in cognition on follow up. (nature.com)
  • 2016). For this reason, FASD is now commonly referred to as an 'invisible' disorder - it can exist in the absence of overt physical features (Mather, 2015). (aifs.gov.au)
  • The indices commonly used to assess sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI). (medscape.com)
  • This paper is a companion paper to Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Current issues in awareness, prevention and intervention (McLean & McDougall, 2014), which outlines research on the prevention of FASD and provides implications for practitioners. (aifs.gov.au)