Diseases demyelinating disease. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the most well-known demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, evidence suggests that the body's immune system plays a significant role. (wikipedia.org)
As has been argued, diseases such as multiple sclerosis cannot be accounted for by autoimmune deficiency alone, but strongly imply the influence of flawed developmental processes in disease pathogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. (mayoclinic.org)
Gene therapy-induced antigen-specific Tregs inhibit neuro-inflammation and reverse disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. (benthamscience.com)
as a novel combined immune gene therapy for Multiple Sclerosis disease. (benthamscience.com)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly characterized by demyelination and axonal loss. (aacc.org)
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol which may be useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, current immunomodulatory treatments for MS aim to reduce inflammation with limited effects on the neurodegenerative component of this disease. (listlabs.com)
A condition defined by demyelinating inflammation of the optic nerve that often occurs in association with multiple sclerosis and Devic's disease (neuromyelitis optica). (mhmedical.com)
Demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, ADEM, and optic neuritis are a mainstay of neurology, and as such are a very high-yield topic on neurology exams. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
Initiating a disease-modifying therapy (DMT) after CIS can delay the time to a definitive diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). (nowyouknowneuro.com)
Olfactory dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). Olfactory bulb and tract pathology in MS and other demyelinating diseases remain unexplored. (ox.ac.uk)
They are sometimes considered different diseases from Multiple Sclerosis, [4] [5] but considered by others to form a spectrum differing only in terms of chronicity, severity, and clinical course. (mdwiki.org)
Multiple sclerosis for some people is a syndrome more than a single disease. (mdwiki.org)
Some anti- neurofascin demyelinating diseases were previously considered a subtype of Multiple Sclerosis but now they are considered a separate entity, as it happened before to anti-MOG and anti-AQP4 cases. (mdwiki.org)
The anterior optic pathway is one of the preferential sites of involvement in CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, with optic neuritis being a common presenting symptom. (ox.ac.uk)
Our findings suggest that chronic inflammation is frequent and leads to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, regardless of disease stage. (ox.ac.uk)
Two novel MRI biomarkers of brain tissue microstructure may be useful in determining disease burden in pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases, according to data presented at RSNA 2022. (neurodiem.ie)
Diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affect millions of individuals in the US at a cost of hundreds of billions of dollars annually. (scientificarchives.com)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
Here we have investigated a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the TNFRSF1A gene, that encodes tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), which was discovered through GWAS to be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), but not with other autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn's disease. (researchgate.net)
Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating neurodegenerative disease with a strong genetic component. (researchgate.net)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune disease that targets myelin in the central nervous system (CNS). (researchgate.net)

These conditions can appear as Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and its associated "spectrum of disorders" (NMOSD), currently considered a common syndrome for several separated diseases [16] but with some still idiopathic subtypes. (mdwiki.org)

Interestingly, neuroprotective effects and decreased disease severity occurred without reduction of inflammation or demyelination, suggesting this therapy may fill an unmet need to limit the neurodegenerative component of MS. (listlabs.com)
Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are characterized by the presence of foci or plaques of demyelination (loss of myelin) in some areas throughout the neuraxis, leaving motor, visual, speech, and bladder control sequelae, affecting independence in basic daily life activities. (cubaheal.com)
We provide unequivocal evidence that olfactory bulb/tract demyelination is frequent, can occur early and is highly inflammatory, and is specific to demyelinating disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis featured intense inflammation, and perivenular demyelination in 33% of cases. (ox.ac.uk)
Expanded neural progenitors derived from regions of human fetal forebrain have been shown to have significant capacity to remyelinate rodent spinal cord upon grafting into areas of focal demyelination [9], and can myelinate host axons in a mouse model Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, which is characterized by severe hypomyelination [10]. (scientificarchives.com)
Background Autoantibodies to glial, myelin and neuronal antigens have been reported in a range of central demyelination syndromes and autoimmune encephalopathies in children, but there has not been a systematic evaluation across the range of central nervous system (CNS) autoantibodies in childhood-acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS). (bmj.com)
MOG (35-55) is able to induce autoantibody production and relapsing-remitting neurological disease causing extensive plaque-like demyelination. (anaspec.com)
An acute demyelinating disorder characterized by widely scattered small foci of periventricular inflammation and demyelination most frequently associated with antecedent immunization or infection. (studystack.com)

Unlike other primates, humans exhibit a unique pattern of postpubertal myelination, which may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases that present in early adulthood and beyond. (wikipedia.org)
Quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and other diseases affecting the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Overview of demyelinating disorders. (mayoclinic.org)
http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic_disorders/demyelinating_disorders/overview_of_demyelinating_disorders.html. (mayoclinic.org)
He has joined Juan Gonzalez, MD , at HPG-Neurology and diagnoses and treats issues related to the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles, including the treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, seizure disorders, and strokes. (hamiltonhealth.com)
Overview of Demyelinating Disorders Most nerve fibers inside and outside the brain are wrapped with many layers of tissue composed of a fat (lipoprotein) called myelin. (msdmanuals.com)
and have no known cause are called primary demyelinating disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
Sometimes primary demyelinating disorders develop after a viral infection or vaccination against a viral infection. (msdmanuals.com)
In Cuba 's health system, specialized institutions treat patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, as well as those suffering from disorders that affect mobility or from degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. (cubaheal.com)
[9] A LHON -associated MS [10] has also been reported, and in addition there have been inconclusive reports of TNF-α blockers inducing demyelinating disorders. (mdwiki.org)
These findings suggest that α-NETA-based CMKLR1 inhibitors may prove safe and effective in treating demyelinating diseases and potentially other autoimmune disorders. (elsevierpure.com)
For a group of muscle-wasting disorders, see Motor neuron diseases . (wikipedia.org)
ALS is a motor neuron disease , which is a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons , the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Harder was a founding member and is the current Co-Director of the Children's Medical Center Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases Clinic and her primary research focuses on pediatric central nervous system demyelinating disorders. (childrens.com)

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) is an autoimmune process characterized by progressive areflexic weakness and mild sensory changes. (medscape.com)
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is believed to be caused by an immunologic attack that is directed against myelin components. (medscape.com)
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) is the most common acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy. (medscape.com)
Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin , the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process. (mdwiki.org)
Acute axonal injury affected 41.4% of cases and correlated with extent of inflammatory activity in each compartment even in cases that died at advanced age with over 20 years of disease duration. (ox.ac.uk)
It can be considered the chronic equivalent of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, the most common form of Guillain-Barré syndrome. (medscape.com)

Lack of association between CD226 genetic variants and inflammatory demyelinating diseases in Korean population. (nel.edu)
This study was conducted to find the possible association between CD226 polymorphisms and inflammatory demyelinating diseases in Korean population. (nel.edu)
While prior studies have found CD226 polymorphisms to be significantly associated with inflammatory demyelinating diseases, our results indicate the CD226 polymorphisms to be not associated with the diseases in Korean population. (nel.edu)
However, our results suggest that the causal genes for inflammatory demyelinating diseases may vary depending on the population. (nel.edu)
A distinct clinical entity from other inflammatory demyelinating diseases. (mdwiki.org)

This article is about the neurodegenerative disease. (wikipedia.org)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), also known as motor neurone disease ( MND ) or Lou Gehrig's disease , is a rare and terminal neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles . (wikipedia.org)

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy is a paralytic syndrome, causing considerable disability and even death. (nih.gov)
The term chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) has been used to identify patients with a chronically progressive or relapsing symmetric sensorimotor disorder with cytoalbuminologic dissociation and interstitial and perivascular endoneurial infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages. (medscape.com)
Electron micrograph of the peripheral nerve of a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. (medscape.com)
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy is presumed to occur because of immunologic antibody-mediated reaction along with interstitial and perivascular infiltration of the endoneurium with inflammatory T cells and macrophages. (medscape.com)

Hazel T, Hefferan M, Schwartz K, Yu N, Johe K, Levy M. Generation of Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitors for Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases and Spinal Cord Injury. (scientificarchives.com)

Atypical inflammatory demyelinating syndromes of the CNS. (mayoclinic.org)
Although these antibodies are clinically relevant when associated with the specific neurological syndromes that have been described, further studies are required to evaluate their roles and clinical relevance in demyelinating diseases. (bmj.com)
Langer-Gould A, Zhang JL, Chung J, Yeung Y, Waubant E, Yao J. Incidence of acquired CNS demyelinating syndromes in a multiethnic cohort of children. (medscape.com)

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) - inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, predominantly of the optic nerve and spinal cord. (mayoclinic.org)
is the most common primary demyelinating disorder. (msdmanuals.com)

Dissemination in space (DIS): Development of lesions in two distinct anatomical locations indicating a multifocal disease process. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
In addition to Parkinson's disease, the program benefits patients who have suffered cranial-encephalic traumatisms, traumatic lesions of the spinal cord, damage caused by the cerebral aging, Alzheimer's disease and sequels of cerebral anoxia. (cubaheal.com)

The extended period of cortical myelination in humans may allow greater opportunities for disruption in myelination, resulting in the onset of demyelinating disease. (wikipedia.org)

The field of neurodegenerative dementias, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been revolutionized by the development of imaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and is on the brink of a new development: emerging plasma biomarkers. (medscape.com)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) used in IgG-index testing and oligoclonal bands (OCB) are common laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of MS. In addition to MS, several other neurologic diseases generate CSF-specific OCB as a humoral immune response, along with 8% of normal individuals. (aacc.org)
Inflammation was greater in the demyelinating diseases compared to non-neurologic controls. (ox.ac.uk)
A neurologic disease characterized by a history of remissions and exacerbations of at least 2 separate neurologic abnormalities with multiple plaques found on MRI. (studystack.com)
A rare inherited progressive neurologic disease with adrenal insufficiency. (studystack.com)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
I'm Will Koehne and I'm representing the Clinician Outreach and Communication Activity, COCA with the Emergency Risk Communications Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The survey was conducted by the Ambulatory Care Statistics Branch of the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)

There is no cure for demyelinating diseases, but disease-modifying therapies can alter the disease progression in some patients. (mayoclinic.org)
The symptoms and progression of demyelinating diseases varies between patients. (mayoclinic.org)
i) to ease specific symptoms or ii) to reduce disease progression. (benthamscience.com)
Therefore, researchers have been working for the last four decades to discover better solutions by introducing gene therapy approaches in treating MS generally by following three strategies, i) prevention of specific symptoms, ii) halt or reverse disease progression and iii) heal CNS damage by promoting remyelination and axonal repair. (benthamscience.com)
There have been several trials of mesenchymal stem cells injected intravenously, intrathecally or both in relapsing remitting and in progressive MS. Results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells can slow the progression of disease and might improve neurological function. (scientificarchives.com)
[3] The goal of treatment is to slow the disease progression, and improve symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
[5] Mechanical ventilation can prolong survival but does not stop disease progression. (wikipedia.org)
A clinical type of MS characterized by progression of disability from the onset of the disease without remissions. (studystack.com)

Presents with monocular decreased visual acuity, loss of color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect ( APD ) due to a demyelinating lesion of the optic nerve. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
What is more, optic nerve involvement in these diseases is often subclinical, with optical coherence tomography demonstrating progressive neuroretinal thinning in absence of optic neuritis. (ox.ac.uk)

Limited forms of Devic's disease, such as single or recurrent events of longitudinally extensive myelitis , and bilateral simultaneous or recurrent optic neuritis . (mdwiki.org)
Longitudinally extensive myelitis or optic neuritis associated with systemic autoimmune disease. (mdwiki.org)

The administration of RNs did not have any effect on clinical manifestation of EAE and did not preserve OKR scores but reduced the intensity of the disease. (listlabs.com)
Defined as a monophasic demyelinating episode in someone who otherwise has no clinical history of demyelinating disease. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
When diagnosed patients have a 33% chance of having a clinical demyelinating attack over the following two years. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
Therefore, one given pathogenic underlying condition can yield several clinical diseases, and one disease can be produced by several pathogenic conditions. (mdwiki.org)
This indicates that the clinical experience with these drugs parallels the disease association of rs1800693, and that the MS-associated TNFR1 variant mimics the effect of TNF-blocking drugs. (researchgate.net)
Hence, our study demonstrates that clinical practice can be informed by comparing GWAS across common autoimmune diseases and by investigating the functional consequences of the disease-associated genetic variation. (researchgate.net)
Correspondingly, the clinical strategies available for the management of the disease have widened. (researchgate.net)

Of two predominant Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes, a demyelinating subtype (AIDP) predominates in the United States and Europe, and axonal subtype (AMAN) is the predominant form in China. (medscape.com)

Anti-AQP4 diseases , Anti-MOG and Anti-NF spectrums. (mdwiki.org)

Use this chapter to review the most commonly tested demyelinating diseases, examine real patient pathology and radiology images, and test your retention with our Question Bank and flashcards. (nowyouknowneuro.com)
Olfactory Pathology in Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases. (ox.ac.uk)
Anterior optic pathway pathology in CNS demyelinating diseases. (ox.ac.uk)

[6] [13] About half of these genetic cases are due to disease-causing variants in one of four specific genes . (wikipedia.org)
Although there has been much success in identifying genetic variants associated with common diseases using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it has been difficult to demonstrate which variants are causal and what role they have in disease. (researchgate.net)
Moreover, the modest contribution that these variants make to disease risk has raised questions regarding their medical relevance. (researchgate.net)
As with many other complex diseases, risk of developing MS is driven by multiple common variants whose biological effects are not immediately clear. (researchgate.net)

and identified CMKLR1 small molecule antagonist 2-(α-naphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-NETA) that significantly suppressed disease onset in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
Importantly, TNF-blocking drugs can promote onset or exacerbation of MS, but they have proven highly efficacious in the treatment of autoimmune diseases for which there is no association with rs1800693. (researchgate.net)

It is a multifactorial disease which develops in an immune-mediated way under the influences of both genetic and environmental factors. (benthamscience.com)
The causes of demyelinating diseases are multifactorial. (mhmedical.com)

Therefore, the role of the human-specific prolonged period of cortical myelination is an important evolutionary consideration in the pathogenesis of demyelinating disease. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) over the past 10 years have uncovered more than 200 loci that independently contribute to disease pathogenesis. (researchgate.net)

A demyelinating disease refers to any disease affecting the nervous system where the myelin sheath surrounding neurons is damaged. (wikipedia.org)
What types of demyelinating disease affect the central nervous system, and what can you do about them? (mayoclinic.org)
Classification of demyelinating diseases is made on the basis of whether the nerves affected are of the central nervous system or of the peripheral nervous system ( Table 114-1 ). (mhmedical.com)
This unmet medical need is a primary driver for the development of therapies based on transplantation of neural stem cells that have the potential to replace cells of the central nervous system (CNS) lost to disease or injury [1]. (scientificarchives.com)
Pertinent physical findings are limited to the nervous system, except when the condition is associated with other diseases. (medscape.com)
Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. (bvsalud.org)

Various factors can contribute to the development of demyelinating diseases, including genetic predisposition, infectious agents, autoimmune reactions, and other unknown factors. (wikipedia.org)
Hepatitis B is a disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted through percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or mucosal (i.e., direct contact with mucous membranes) exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. (cdc.gov)

Neuropsychological Outcomes of Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases: A Review. (childrens.com)

Demyelinated plaques were classified as active based on established criteria. (ox.ac.uk)

citation needed] Various methods/techniques are used to diagnose demyelinating diseases: Exclusion of other conditions that have overlapping symptoms Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to visualize internal structures of the body in detail. (wikipedia.org)

In other people, the disease may slowly get worse in between clear attacks. (medlineplus.gov)

In this current review, AIDP refers to the more common demyelinating form unless otherwise specified. (medscape.com)

Patients with chronic MS or other demyelinating conditions tend to have fatigue exacerbated by heat (Uhthoff's phenomenon) that improves with cooler temperatures. (nowyouknowneuro.com)

Symptoms and signs that present in demyelinating diseases are different for each condition. (wikipedia.org)
Once the clinician has a prioritized differential diagnosis of the brain disease or condition that is probably causing or contributing to the patient's signs and symptoms, they can then select appropriate assessments and tests, typically starting with a laboratory panel and brain MRI . (medscape.com)
They do not indicate the underlying disease process and normal findings do not exclude an organic basis for symptoms. (medscape.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms14

Diseases39

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Multiple sclerosis22

Neuromyelitis optica1

Demyelination8

Disorders14

Acute6

Inflammatory demyelin5

Neurodegenerative disease2

Polyradiculoneuropathy4

Spinal Cord I1

Syndromes3

Disorder2

Lesions2

Humans1

Alzheimer's1

Neurologic4

Centers for Diseas4

Progression8

Optic nerve2

Myelitis2

Clinical7

Axonal1

Anti-mog1

Pathology3

Variants4

Onset2

Multifactorial2

Pathogenesis2

Nervous system6

Infectious2

Outcomes1

Plaques1

Citation needed1

Attacks1

Refers1

Conditions1

Symptoms3