• In this paper, we address the consequences of the diverging metastability lifetime -- a hallmark of discontinuous transitions -- in the fluctuations of arbitrary thermodynamic currents, including the entropy production. (arxiv.org)
  • The persistence of cristobalite outside its thermodynamic stability range occurs because the transition from cristobalite to quartz or tridymite is "reconstructive", requiring the breaking up and reforming of the silica framework. (wikipedia.org)
  • When devitrifying silica, cristobalite is usually the first phase to form, even when well outside its thermodynamic stability range. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, in phase transition-based detectors and transition-edge sensors 27 , the reset time (return time to the critical bias point) can be significantly reduced using an ultrafast nonlinear process compared to thermodynamic transitions. (nature.com)
  • This limit is called the thermodynamic limit, an essential concept to understand phase transitions. (phys.org)
  • With the limited amount of funding at their disposal, scientists, and in particular physicists, do not have the luxury to study phase transitions directly in the thermodynamic limit. (phys.org)
  • The abstract given for this project is as follows: Polaris Sensor Technologies, Inc. is proposing in the Phase I to demonstrate the feasibility of polarization imaging by developing target detection and recognition algorithms that exploit the information contained in polarization imagery. (cbinsights.com)
  • Discontinuous phase transitions out of equilibrium can be characterized by the behavior of macroscopic stochastic currents. (arxiv.org)
  • Driven nonlinear resonators provide a fertile ground for phenomena related to phase transitions far from equilibrium, which can open opportunities unattainable in their linear counterparts. (nature.com)
  • Phase transitions is the basic phenomena of equilibrium statistical physics. (phys.org)
  • Here, in a system of barrier-controlled reactive particles, we find that the discontinuous freezing transition of a non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluid into an absorbing state does not have the kinetic pathway of nucleation and growth, and the transition is triggered by long wavelength fluctuations. (arxiv.org)
  • Apart from the commonly cited example of water turning to steam with increased temperature, Gould and Eldredge noted another analogy in information theory , 'with its jargon of equilibrium, steady state, and homeostasis maintained by negative feedback ,' and 'extremely rapid transitions that occur with positive feedback . (softpanorama.org)
  • We derive the phase diagram of equilibrium solutions for several distributions of natural frequencies and find excellent agreement with simulations. (arxiv.org)
  • These diverse materials may exhibit time-dependent structures under transient or out-of-equilibrium conditions resulting from for example self-assembly processes, phase transitions or in response to external fields, such as flow. (lu.se)
  • This challenges the common understanding of metastability in discontinuous phase transitions. (arxiv.org)
  • From a fundamental viewpoint, the interest in lipid phase behaviour stems from the nature and the thermodynamics of phase transitions, the mechanisms behind lipid miscibility and lateral phase separation, and the existence of critical phenomena [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In recent years we have seen a revival of the science aspects of the area driven by advances in the understanding of intermolecular interactions, cooperative phenomena and condensed phases. (lu.se)
  • Researchers from Aalto University and Tampere University have developed a new theoretical method to study dynamical phase transitions in strongly correlated quantum systems. (phys.org)
  • The new method to predict dynamical quantum phase transitions could be employed this way to study the performance of quantum computers," says Teemu Ojanen, Professor of computational physics at Tampere University. (phys.org)
  • The original research article, published in Physical Review X , is titled "Determination of Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions In Strongly Correlated Many-Body Systems Using Loschmidt Cumulants. (phys.org)
  • Sebastiano Peotta et al, Determination of Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions in Strongly Correlated Many-Body Systems Using Loschmidt Cumulants, Physical Review X (2021). (phys.org)
  • At zero temperature for the later model, a discontinuous quantum phase transition separates an interlayer singlet phase from an antiferromagnetic ground state formed by interlayer triplets. (aps.org)
  • A transition in which a crystal structure undergoes a continuous change and in which the first derivatives of the Gibbs energies (or chemical potentials) are continuous but the second derivatives with respect to temperature and pressure (i.e. (iupac.org)
  • We map the sign problem throughout the extended parameter space from the Shastry-Sutherland to the fully frustrated bilayer model and compare it with the phase diagram computed by tensor-network methods. (aps.org)
  • We provide a general theory for triadic percolation which accurately predicts the full phase diagram on random graphs as confirmed by extensive numerical simulations. (hanlinsun97.me)
  • Phase transitions occur at a general level in systems composed by a large number of elementary constituents, for instance the molecules in a substance. (phys.org)
  • Phase transitions occur only in the limit of an infinite number of constituents, in which the system properties change in a truly discontinuous way. (phys.org)
  • Under rare circumstances the cubic form may be preserved if the crystal grain is pinned in a matrix that does not allow for the considerable spontaneous strain that is involved in the transition, which causes a change in shape of the crystal. (wikipedia.org)
  • These different twin orientations coupled with the discontinuous nature of the transition (volume and slight shape change) can cause considerable mechanical damage to materials in which cristobalite is present and that pass repeatedly through the transition temperature, such as refractory bricks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phase transition marks a universal qualitative regime change in system properties as the control parameter is varied around a critical/transition point 26 . (nature.com)
  • A phase transition is a natural phenomenon in which a small change in a parameter, such as temperature, leads to drastic change in the properties of a substance, for instance water turning into ice. (phys.org)
  • They wrote 'History, as Hegel said, moves upward in a spiral of negations,' and that 'punctuated equilibria is a model for discontinuous tempos of change (in) the process of speciation and the deployment of species in geological time. (softpanorama.org)
  • The phase output when frequency hopping depends on the chosen frequency change mode (reg 0x800[7:6]): in phase discontinuous mode the main NCO is reset each time a new FTW is loaded from one of the 31 FFH banks, in phase continuous mode the main NCO phase continues as is as the new FTW is loaded resulting in a smooth transition into the new frequency. (analog.com)
  • The analysis of the data has concentrated on the correlation of frequency shift with volume change across the phase change regions. (metu.edu.tr)
  • 4 . The phase transition occurs a sudden change in the thermal capacity due to the discontinuous change of heat. (glassviallabels.com)
  • At low temperatures, applying a magnetic field causes a metamagneticlike transition described by the transition in which antiferromagnetically aligned canted moments change to ferromagnetically aligned ones. (tuat.ac.jp)
  • The results indicate a discontinuous volume change at the magnetic transition and almost no compositional ( x ) dependence in the ferromagnetic phase at 20 GPa, whereas the linearity is confirmed in the non-magnetic phase. (geoscienceworld.org)
  • The exact transition temperature depends on the crystallinity of the cristobalite sample, which itself depends on factors such as how long it has been annealed at a particular temperature. (wikipedia.org)
  • The phase transitions of binary lipid mixtures are studied by a combination of Peltier-element-based adiabatic scanning calorimetry (pASC) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). pASC, a novel type of calorimeter, provides valuable and unambiguous information on the heat capacity and the enthalpy, whereas QCM-D is proposed as a genuine way of determining phase diagrams by analysing the temperature dependence of the viscosity. (hindawi.com)
  • Fig. 2: Temperature dependence of the ellipticity coefficient ρ at surfactant-laden 8CB/water interfaces in the vicinity of the nematic − isotropic bulk transition temperature T b. (mpg.de)
  • When the temperature approches the bulk transition to the nematic phase, the thickness of the nematic film diverges, i. e., the isotropic liquid crystal/aqueous interface is completely wetted by the nematic phase. (mpg.de)
  • Fig. 3: Ellipticity coefficient ρ as a function of the temperature difference to the smectic- A − isotropic bulk transition temperature T b at 12CB/water interfaces. (mpg.de)
  • The data for x s = 0.0043 indicate a 0↔2-layer transition and for x s = 0.0040 a 0↔3-layer transition (the inset displays the same data on an expanded temperature scale). (mpg.de)
  • X-ray diffraction revealed that new structural transitions appear at low temperature. (elsevierpure.com)
  • x≤0.10), the lowest-temperature phase is LTO. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Discontinuous phase transitions are normally accompanied with significant structural changes, and nearly all of them have the kinetic pathway of nucleation and growth, if the system does not suffer from glassy dynamics. (arxiv.org)
  • The dynamics of ensembles of phase oscillators are usually described considering their infinite-size limit. (aip.org)
  • It was shown that the transition to synchronous dynamics was discontinuous for odd D, raising a lot of interest. (arxiv.org)
  • In this paper, we analyze the phase transitions of these networks to a state of congested transport and the influence of both topology and spatial dynamics on its emergence. (arxiv.org)
  • We systematically show that the value of the critical loading rate at which congestion emerges is affected by the addition of spatial dynamics, changing the nature of this transition from a continuous to a discontinuous one. (arxiv.org)
  • More interesting in the context of this book is the fact that although the aforementioned examples are all made from very different materials, namely, ceramics, metals, and fluids, respectively, their multifunctionality is based on the same underlying principle - a structural phase transition induced by an external field, either an electrical, magnetic, or thermal field. (destechpub.com)
  • We show that the divergent susceptibility of the critical point is accompanied by spontaneous symmetry breaking and distinct phase noise properties in the two regimes, indicating the importance of a beyond nonlinear bifurcation interpretation. (nature.com)
  • Examples include partially ordered phases and spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry due to frustration between Josephson-coupled components. (kth.se)
  • A higher spontaneous firing rate coupled to an inhibition phase at the end of PN responses contributes to this coding property. (mingsheng88.org)
  • These models are of central interest due to the theory of deconfined quantum criticality, according to which such gauge theories may describe phase transitions beyond the Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson paradigm. (kth.se)
  • The Kuramoto model, where a set of oscillators move around a circle representing their phases, is a paradigm in this field, exhibiting a continuous transition between disordered and synchronous motion. (arxiv.org)
  • The behavior of the system around the critical point is characterized by the order parameter (OP). Second-order phase transition displays continuity in the OP while exhibiting a discontinuity in the derivative of the OP. On the other hand, first-order transition is known to possess a discontinuous OP around the transition point. (nature.com)
  • Polymers, Solutions, Gels and Phase Behavior. (lu.se)
  • We demonstrate that the degree of discontinuity of the direct transitions increases with N, at least for small N, and that the transitions from paired phases to fully disordered phases can be discontinuous. (kth.se)
  • In the present review, comprehensive characteristics of free water, bound water and unfrozen water in gel, freezing-thawing mechanism of gel, and effect of molecular void space of gel are referred in the first half, and the reversible, discontinuous volume phase transitions of the ionic gels are outlined in the latter half. (go.jp)
  • The experiments confirmed that multiple solutions do exist in vertical two-phase flows. (sintef.no)
  • Realizing phase transitions based on the optical parametric processes can provide unique opportunities for sensing. (nature.com)
  • In particular, we center our discussion on the \emph{conditional} statistics, given which phase the system is in. (arxiv.org)
  • In particular, we identify a quantum critical end point that terminates the quantum critical line originating from the critical point of the unfrustrated bilayer system on the discontinuous transition line. (aps.org)
  • The text identifies and elaborates the fundamental principles of ferroelectricity, elastic phase transformation, and energy transfer mechanisms that form the common basis for understanding the functionality, application potential, and limitations of a smart materials system. (destechpub.com)
  • The transition rate decreases with increasing the system size, which suggests that the metastable hyperuniform fluid is kinetically stable in an infinitely large system. (arxiv.org)
  • An experimental study of vertical two-phase flow was conducted at the SINTEF Multiphase Laboratory using a 55 meter long 4" pipe at system pressures of 20, 45 and 70 bara. (sintef.no)
  • The perspectives of individuals embedded in a problematic environmental system, such as discontinuous social relationships, broken homes, negligence, sexual or physical abuse, among many other issues, directly influence their choices and their conditions of existence 10 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we show that optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) can undergo second-order phase transitions in the spectral domain between degenerate and non-degenerate regimes. (nature.com)
  • H02753@, thermal expansion, compressibility) are discontinuous. (iupac.org)
  • Nanorods is a company that received a SBIR Phase I grant for a project entitled: Multi-wavelength Infrared thermal Detectors and Imagers. (cbinsights.com)
  • Nevertheless, the transition temperatures are usually determined with a large uncertainty due to the typically broad transitions and the limited sensitivity of the experimental setups. (hindawi.com)
  • such electronic phase transitions are underpinned typically by either electron correlation or electron-phonon coupling. (justia.com)
  • Synonymous with continuous transition. (iupac.org)
  • To overcome this limitation, they have devised various methods to infer the existence of a phase transition from the analysis of systems of small size. (phys.org)
  • Our results are then further verified in two paradigmatic models of discontinuous transitions: Schl\"ogl's model of chemical reactions, and a $12$-states Potts model subject to two baths at different temperatures. (arxiv.org)
  • We show that this discontinuous transition extends up to finite temperatures and terminates in a quantum critical point. (aps.org)
  • Both techniques give consistent phase diagrams, which compare well with literature results, showing their capability to map the phase behaviour of pure lipids as well as lipid mixtures. (hindawi.com)
  • By considering fluctuation effects in phase-frustrated three-component Ginzburg-Landau models, we place constraints on the models used to describe the material in question. (kth.se)
  • A strongly first order transition has been studied in NH4Br. (metu.edu.tr)
  • The study of phase transitions in various forms has kept scientists busy since the very beginnings of the scientific endeavor. (phys.org)
  • it is related to what scientists call phase transitions . (softpanorama.org)
  • On heating, the high pressure hexagonal phase has on exothermic decomposition atT = 586 K into two crystalline phases, which are the stable phases tellurium and SiTe2 obtained by simple heating of the glass. (iisc.ac.in)
  • We also predict the occurrence of first-order spectral phase transitions in coupled OPOs. (nature.com)
  • The dynamically disordered nature of the β phase is partly responsible for the low enthalpy of fusion of silica. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nature of the phase transitions in these models is of great importance in modern physics, and yet remains poorly understood. (kth.se)
  • The nature of the phase transitions for small N is an outstanding open question. (kth.se)
  • As a case of study, we explore the implications of our findings in the San Francisco road network where we can locate the roads that originate the congested phase. (arxiv.org)
  • The new model improved the predictions of the high/low holdup transition significantly in both 4" and 8" pipes, indicating that it scales well with the pipe diameter. (sintef.no)
  • In 1997, Simons and Ikonen renewed the interest in lipid phase studies, suggesting that lateral phase separation in biological membranes could be functionally important [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • second-order transition' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology , 3rd ed. (iupac.org)
  • ii) a tricritical and (iii) a second order transition. (metu.edu.tr)
  • This work can be considered as a departure point for further investigations on more complex lipid mixtures displaying relevant phases such as the liquid-ordered phase and solid-lipid interfaces with biologically functional importance. (hindawi.com)
  • In turn, only recently surface-sensitive techniques have explored the phase behaviour of lipid layers in contact with solid surfaces, such as supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and supported layers of vesicles (SLVs). (hindawi.com)
  • Your preferred control method to handle the transition between discontinuous and continuous mode? (diyaudio.com)
  • The direct transitions from fully ordered to fully disordered phases have been reported to be continuous for N = 1 and N = 183, and discontinuous for N = 2. (kth.se)
  • The Aldo-Keto Reductases (AKR) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) dependent oxidoreductases that function in phase 1 metabolismbyreducingaldehydes and ketones into primary and secondary alcohols. (metu.edu.tr)
  • on multiplex networks, the percolation transition can become discontinuous. (hanlinsun97.me)
  • Surfactant-laden interfaces between thermotropic liquid crystals and aqueous phases enable studies of the surface-induced liquid crystal order under a systematic variation of the strength of the ordering surface field. (mpg.de)
  • With its own and common elements, the transition to adolescence involves an enormous diversity 9 , even within a culture and historical moment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our group performs ellipsometric studies in order to elucidate the liquid crystal surface order near nematic - isotropic and smectic - isotropic transitions. (mpg.de)
  • The λ-type phase transition in NH4Cl has been studied as (i) a weakly first order. (metu.edu.tr)
  • The 12CB volume phase is doped with a small amount of the nonionic surfactant monoolein, the values x s give the mol fraction of the surfactant in the bulk liquid-crystal phase. (mpg.de)