• The protein encoded by this gene is an interleukin 5 specific subunit of a heterodimeric cytokine receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mature mouse LIF R alpha consists of a 785 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD) with two cytokine receptor homology domains, one WSxWS motif, and three fibronectin type III repeats, followed by a 25 aa transmembrane segment and a 239 aa cytoplasmic domain (2, 3). (rndsystems.com)
  • Defective lymphoid development in mice lacking expression of the common cytokine receptor gamma chain. (sagepub.com)
  • The molecular basis of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency: defective cytokine receptor signaling. (sagepub.com)
  • IL-21R is a type-1 cytokine receptor and belongs to the IL-2R and IL-15R family. (intechopen.com)
  • LIF R alpha is widely expressed, and LIF induces the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of cells in many tissues (10, 11). (rndsystems.com)
  • IL-7 (interleukin-7) is a 25 kDa cytokine of the hemopoietin family that plays important roles in lymphocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival (1-4). (bio-techne.com)
  • CD25 (IL2 receptor alpha chain/IL2RA) is a cytokine that plays a role in the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • These factors stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and survival signals, as well as specialized functions in host resistance to pathogens. (sagepub.com)
  • Tyrosine 343 in the erythropoietin receptor positively regulates erythropoietin‐induced cell proliferation and Stat5 activation. (sagepub.com)
  • The binding of this protein to IL5 depends on the beta subunit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha (LIF R alpha ), also known as LIFR beta (due to its participation in signal transduction) and CD118, is a 190 kDa type I transmembrane protein in the Interleukin-6 receptor family. (rndsystems.com)
  • Activated by two G-protein alpha subunits, alpha-q and alpha-11. (assaygenie.com)
  • Another study that compared a pair of twins with discordant HIV infection status showed that several other genes are also differentially methylated, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 ( IGFBP6 ) [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that a number of Tfh cells downmodulated BCL6 protein after their development, and we sought to compare the gene expression between BCL6-hi Tfh cells and BCL6-low Tfh cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The receptor of this cytokine (IL2RA) is a heterotrimeric protein complex with a gamma chain also shared by interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 7 (IL7). (thermofisher.com)
  • An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. (lookformedical.com)
  • An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • PM 2.5 increased the mRNA and protein expression of M1 markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)
  • The protein level of TLR4 was significantly increased and the ratio of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 versus p65 subunit was also elevated in PM 2.5 group. (medsci.org)
  • mal, T cell differentiation protein lik. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • receptor accessory protein 1 [Source:HG. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Seder, R. A., Gazzinelli, R., Sher, A. & Paul, W. E. Interleukin 12 acts directly on CD4+ T cells to enhance priming for interferon gamma production and diminishes interleukin 4 inhibition of such priming. (nature.com)
  • The receptor is composed of a ligand specific alpha subunit and a signal transducing beta subunit shared by the receptors for interleukin 3 (IL3), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF), and interleukin 5 (IL5). (wikipedia.org)
  • gp130 associates with different ligand-specific receptors to form signaling receptor complexes for the other IL-6 family ligands (1). (rndsystems.com)
  • Interleukin (IL)-23, a heterodimeric cytokine, is composed of an IL-23-specific subunit p19 and an IL-12-common subunit p40 [ 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha synthesis (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
  • Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (interleukin 12 [IL-12]) induces T helper type 1 (T h 1)-specific immune responses and inhibits the development of IL-4-producing Th cells. (nature.com)
  • However, CD25 associates with CD122 (IL-2 receptor beta chain) and CD132 (common gamma chain) to form the high affinity IL-2 receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • IL2RA, IL2R beta chain (IL2RB), and the IL2R gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • The gamma chain of the high affinity functional human IL-2 receptor complex belongs to the hematopoietin receptor family. (novusbio.com)
  • IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells (9-11). (rndsystems.com)
  • Proteolytic processing of the precursor form by CASPASE 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane. (lookformedical.com)
  • The primary underlying mechanism of this condition is the impairment of the postsynaptic component at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), primarily resulting in the diminished functionality of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the muscle membrane [1]. (dysona.org)
  • Following docking of SARS-CoV-2 onto ACE2 receptors (mostly in lungs and GI), and virus-cell membrane fusion via TMPRSS2 and FURIN , a cascade of enzymatic steps and subsequent immune system mobilization occurs. (mthfrsupport.com)
  • Normal neuromuscular junction showing a presynaptic terminal with a motor nerve ending in an enlargement (bouton terminale): Synaptic cleft and postsynaptic membrane with multiple folds and embedded with several acetylcholine receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-23 (IL-23), which belong to the IL-12 family of cytokines, have a key role in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation and are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, IL-21 promotes differential expression of many cytokines including interleukins and chemokines. (intechopen.com)
  • This assumption may be associated with the additional neurotransmitter activity of ACh, which has the ability to reduce the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6). (dysona.org)
  • Previous IS potentiated gene expression of NLRP3 and proinflammatory cytokines to LPS, that is, microglia were sensitized. (jneurosci.org)
  • Six MG patients were monitored for subjective enhancements in MG symptoms and quality of life as well as red blood cell-acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine receptor antibody binding reduction before and four weeks after the initiation of the treatment protocol. (dysona.org)
  • Although a decent reduction in acetylcholine receptor antibody binding was achieved in all patients, none of them reached normal levels for this index. (dysona.org)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Although the chief target of the autoimmune attack in most cases is the skeletal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), other antigenic targets that are components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) have also been implicated. (medscape.com)
  • LIF R alpha binds the pleiotropic cytokine LIF with low affinity, and the soluble isoform retains LIF-binding activity (5). (rndsystems.com)
  • Binding affinity is increased by the ligand-induced association of LIF R alpha with the signal transducing subunit gp130 (6, 7). (rndsystems.com)
  • The 55 kDa IL-2 R alpha is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. (rndsystems.com)
  • The 75 kDa IL-2 R beta, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. (rndsystems.com)
  • Homodimeric IL2RA chains result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric IL2RB chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • Although IL-2 R gamma by itself does not bind IL-2 with any appreciable affinity, it is required for IL-2 receptor signaling. (novusbio.com)
  • HER2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor causally involved in cancer. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • We screened the literature from inception until January 2022 by querying the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) using the search terms: (microbiome OR microbial OR microbiota OR microflora OR dysbiosis). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Between 15 and 18% of genes with DNA methylation changes were differentially expressed in CD4 + T cells in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigated publicly available transcriptomic gut profiles of young germ-free mouse hosts transplanted with old donor gut microbiota to identify immune-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A total of 112 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and used to construct a gut network of encoded proteins, in which DEGs were functionally annotated as being involved in an immune process based on gene ontology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We additionally searched the National Library of Medicine (NLM) PubMed using the additional terms: (differentially expressed genes OR DEGs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The potential proteins of DGP were acquired from TCMSP database, while the potential genes of ONFH were obtained from Gene Cards and Pubmed Gene databases. (researchsquare.com)
  • In contrast, nonpathogenic SIVagm infection induced DNA methylation in genes coding for regulatory proteins such as LAG-3, arginase-2, interleukin-21 and interleukin-31. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • I have attempted to list the enzymes/receptor proteins below in the sequential order in which they are impacted, subsequent to the docking of the COVID-19 virus onto ACE2 receptors. (mthfrsupport.com)
  • In some cases however, the enzymes/receptor proteins are working in parallel with the immune system. (mthfrsupport.com)
  • The targeted disruption of a similar gene in mice leads to ulcerative colitis-like disease, which suggests a role in the immune response to antigenic stimuli. (thermofisher.com)
  • The association between the expression of immune-process DEGs and abundance of immune infiltrates from gene signatures in normal colorectal tissues was estimated from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The analysis revealed a 25-gene signature of immune-associated DEGs and their expression profile was positively correlated with naïve T-cell, effector memory T-cell, central memory T-cell, resident memory T-cell, exhausted T-cell, resting Treg T-cell, effector Treg T-cell and Th1-like colorectal gene signatures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These genes may have a potential role as candidate markers of immune dysregulation during gut microbiota ageing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Identifying gene makers of immune dysregulation during gut microbiota ageing may contribute to mechanistic insights in preventing age-related alterations of intestinal physiology and associated disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The concept has developed that innate immune receptors discriminate between danger and non-danger rather than self and non-self ( Matzinger, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • We have also selected relevant genes that are associated with protection of cell wall permeability and may assist with modulation of your immune system. (mthfrsupport.com)
  • Some of the research I have cited pertains to original SAR outbreak in 2002-2003 (called SARS-CoV), but some of the same principles apply to the immune system domino effect upon SARS-CoV-2 first docking with ACE2 receptors. (mthfrsupport.com)
  • The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes (5-7). (rndsystems.com)
  • Besides IL-2, the gamma chain has been shown to be a component of the functional receptor complexes for IL-4, IL-7, IL-9 and IL-15. (novusbio.com)
  • The mechanism involves the inhibition of acetylcholine receptors on macrophages, leading to a decrease in the production of chemokines CCL-2/7. (dysona.org)
  • Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complex. (sagepub.com)
  • Our study identified key genes differentially methylated already in primary infection and in tissues that could contribute to the persisting metabolic disorders and inflammation in HIV-infected individuals despite effective treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Detection of LIF R alpha in D3 Mouse Cell Line by Flow Cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
  • it inhibits transcription for genes that encode IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, GM-CSF, and TNF-alpha (all involved in early T-cell activation). (medscape.com)
  • IL2 plays an important role as a growth factor, differentiation factor, and regulator of cell death. (thermofisher.com)
  • Here we show that the mRNA expression of IL-23p19 was increased in Paneth cell (PC)-like cells stimulated by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligands, peptidoglycan (PGN) and Pam3CSK4, and was further increased in the presence of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2)-ligand muramyl dipeptide (MDP). (oncotarget.com)
  • He stayed at Sheffield and undertook research into the molecular basis of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor interactions with a focus on therapeutic intervention in allergy graduating with a PhD in 1997. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • This subunit is the molecular target of the investigational monoclonal antibody dupilumab, that is in clinical trial as a therapy for atopic allergic conditions and nasal polyposis. (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • Molecular (DNA) Detection Current ways of detecting circulating parasites by demonstrating parasite DNA through amplification of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes by PCR assays represent the entire gold regular of malaria diagnostics. (tam-receptor.com)
  • Genes up-regulated in follicular helper T cells: BCL6 [GeneID=604] high versus BCL6 [GeneID=604] low. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Although IL-12 was predominantly investigated before the discovery of IL-23, many recent studies using IL-23p19 -/- mice have identified that IL-23 but not IL-12 has a key role in orchestrating an inflammatory cytokine cascade involving enhanced expressed levels of IL-17, TNFα, IFNγ and IL-6 in the intestine [ 11 - 14 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The 64 kDa common gamma chain gamma c/IL-2 R gamma, which is shared with the receptors for IL-4, -7, -9, -15, and -21, does not independently interact with IL-2. (rndsystems.com)
  • The LIF R alpha /gp130 receptor complex also transduces Oncostatin M signals, although LIF R alpha alone does not interact with Oncostatin M (6). (rndsystems.com)
  • Sympathomimetic that stimulates beta-2 receptors, leading to bronchodilation. (medscape.com)
  • There have been significant advances in the genetic epidemiology of lung function, but the causal genetic variants and causal genes, and the mechanisms by which they influence lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases remain incompletely understood. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The expression of IL2 in mature thymocytes is monoallelic, which represents an unusual regulatory mode for controlling the precise expression of a single gene. (thermofisher.com)
  • STATs then can modulate the expression of target genes. (sagepub.com)
  • Genes regulated in MCF7 cells (breast cancer) by expression of full-length and truncated (611-CTF) forms of ERBB2 [GeneID=2064] at both 15 h and 60 h time points. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • A transcriptomic analysis revealed that 611-CTF specifically controlled the expression of genes that we found to be correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • However, the bacterial compounds and the type of pattern recognition receptor involved in the inducible expression of IL-23p19 in Paneth cells remain unclear. (oncotarget.com)
  • IL5RA also denotes its human gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Binding interactions of human interleukin 5 with its receptor alpha subunit. (wikipedia.org)
  • In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human LIF R alpha is observed. (rndsystems.com)
  • Within the ECD, mouse LIF R alpha shares 73% and 90% aa sequence identity with human and rat LIF R alpha, respectively. (rndsystems.com)
  • In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-2 R gamma is observed, less than 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) IL-2 R beta is observed, and less than 2% cross-reactivity with rhIL-2 R alpha is observed. (novusbio.com)
  • Interleukin-21 (IL-21) was first identified in 2000 through screening of a cDNA library from CD3+ human T cells [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Zhang et,al performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, their results indicated that TCM take essential part in the adjuvant treatment for ONFH [11]. (researchsquare.com)
  • and the control of receptor organization at the synapse. (yale.edu)
  • IL4R is the common ligand binding subunit shared by the IL-4 receptors type I (receptor for IL-4) and type II (receptor for IL-4 and IL-13). (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)