• Enterochromaffin cells are enteroendocrine and neuroendocrine cells with a close similarity to adrenomedullary chromaffin cells secreting serotonin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enterochromaffin-like cells or ECL cells are a type of neuroendocrine cell secreting histamine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enterochromaffin-like cells are enteroendocrine and neuroendocrine cells also known for their similarity to chromaffin cells secreting histamine, which stimulates G cells to secrete gastrin. (wikipedia.org)
  • APUD cells Neuroendocrine tumors List of human cell types derived from the germ layers Rehfeld JF (October 1998). (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic islet cells are part of the diffuse neuroendocrine system of the gut and pancreatic endocrine system. (medscape.com)
  • No universally agreed-upon algorithm exists in the radiologic investigation of pancratic neuroendocrine (islet cell) tumors of the pancreas. (medscape.com)
  • with the predominance of differentiation processes in the neuroendocrine apparatus, the serotonin content increases. (bio-conferences.org)
  • Enteroendocrine cells are specialized cells of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas with endocrine function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enteroendocrine cells are located in the stomach, in the intestine and in the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence has shown that endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can be used to accurately diagnose and localize primary endocrine tumors of the pancreas, especially insulinomas and gastrinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Glucagonomas originate from the alpha-2 cells of the pancreas. (medscape.com)
  • Glucagon is a peptidic hormone mostly produced from alpha-2 cells of the pancreas and, in smaller amounts, from amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) cells in gastric and duodenal mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • Rare and slow growing carcinoid and non-carcinoid tumors develop from these cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • They may manifest as sporadic tumors or as part of certain syndromes, including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. (medscape.com)
  • Although nonfunctional islet cell tumors are not uncommon at autopsy, most islet cell tumors with clinical manifestations are functional. (medscape.com)
  • Pancreatic islet cell tumors may secrete 2 or more polypeptide hormones. (medscape.com)
  • Islet cell tumors in this group are often multiple and malignant. (medscape.com)
  • This article reviews the role of imaging in the management of islet cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Malignant glucagonomas are islet cell pancreatic tumors that are discovered because of glucagonoma syndrome (in which the glucagonoma autonomously secretes glucagon), because of local mass effects, or incidentally. (medscape.com)
  • Similar to other islet cell tumors, the primary and metastatic lesions are slow growing. (medscape.com)
  • In rats (Rattus rattus) the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43 is expressed both by this cell type and by mast cells of the mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Islet cells commonly are referred to as APUD cells, a name derived from their high amine content and capacity for amine precursor uptake with decarboxylation. (medscape.com)
  • K cells secrete gastric inhibitory peptide, an incretin, which also promotes triglyceride storage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stomach enteroendocrine cells, which release gastrin, and stimulate gastric acid secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Secrete motilin Gastric enteroendocrine cells are found in the gastric glands, mostly at their base. (wikipedia.org)
  • S cells secrete secretin mostly from the duodenum, but also in decreasing amounts throughout the rest of the small intestine, and stimulate exocrine pancreatic secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic enteroendocrine cells are located in the islets of Langerhans and produce most importantly the hormones insulin and glucagon. (wikipedia.org)
  • In pancreatic islets, GLUT2 allows a rapid equilibration of glucose between the extracellular space and the interior of the cells and it may play a crucial role in the glucose signaling mechanism leading to insulin secretion (43). (justia.com)
  • pancreatic cells to glucose remains debated. (justia.com)
  • They constitute an enteric endocrine system as a subset of the endocrine system just as the enteric nervous system is a subset of the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • insulin-secreting cells, the basolateral membrane of intestinal and kidney absorptive cells, in hepatocytes and in a subset of neurons (21,31,44). (justia.com)
  • L cells secrete glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin, peptide YY3-36, oxyntomodulin and glucagon-like peptide-2. (wikipedia.org)
  • I cells secrete cholecystokinin (CCK), and have the highest mucosal density in the duodenum with a decreasing amount throughout the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also called Delta cells, D cells secrete somatostatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The G cells secrete gastrin, post-ganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve can release gastrin-releasing peptide during parasympathetic stimulation to stimulate secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the other hand, insulinoma cells that had lost their normal glucose responsiveness have low GLUT2 content, but some glucose sensitivity may be recovered after reintroducing GLUT2 expression through stable transfection of these cells (10,16). (justia.com)
  • Clinical features of the syndrome depend on tumor cell type. (medscape.com)
  • Glucagonoma very rarely is part of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 syndrome (also called Wermer syndrome), and in such cases, the glucagonoma appears as a single, biologically inactive lesion. (medscape.com)
  • Aim of the research is to show the developing legitimacy APUD-system of lungs in pre and post ontogenesis. (bio-conferences.org)
  • Microbiota play key roles in the intestinal immune and metabolic responses in these enteroendocrine cells via their fermentation product (short chain fatty acid), acetate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intestinal enteroendocrine cells are not clustered together but spread as single cells throughout the intestinal tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enteroendocrine cells sense the metabolites from intestinal commensal microbiota and, in turn, coordinate antibacterial, mechanical, and metabolic branches of the host intestinal innate immune response to the commensal microbiota. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wu X, Arumugam R, Baker SP, Lee MM. Pubertal and adult Leydig cell function in Mullerian inhibiting substance-deficient mice. (umassmed.edu)
  • Wu X, Zhang N, Lee MM. Mullerian inhibiting substance recruits ALK3 to regulate Leydig cell differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
  • Salva A, Hardy MP, Wu XF, Sottas CM, MacLaughlin DT, Donahoe PK, Lee MM. M?llerian-inhibiting substance inhibits rat Leydig cell regeneration after ethylene dimethanesulphonate ablation. (umassmed.edu)
  • Balasinor NH, D'Souza R, Nanaware P, Idicula-Thomas S, Kedia-Mokashi N, He Z, Dym M. Effect of high intratesticular estrogen on global gene expression and testicular cell number in rats. (umassmed.edu)
  • For detecting endocrine cells of shear impregnated by the method of Gremeluise. (bio-conferences.org)
  • Located in a increasing manner throughout the small intestine, with the highest levels found in the in ileum, N cells release neurotensin, and control smooth muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic islet cells are part of the diffuse neuroendocrine system of the gut and pancreatic endocrine system. (medscape.com)
  • [2] This was then disproven by the concept of the origin of APUD cells from multipotent stem cells before being implanted in different body organs, hence the diffuse endocrine system. (statpearls.com)
  • The syndrome of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria (ie, WDHA syndrome) is a rare condition characterized by severe, watery diarrhea resulting from the oversecretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from non-beta pancreatic islet cells. (medscape.com)
  • Islet cells commonly are referred to as APUD cells, a name derived from their high amine content and capacity for amine precursor uptake with decarboxylation. (medscape.com)
  • 8. Neuroendocrine differentiation in the precursors of prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome (ie, Wermer syndrome) is present in a very small subset of patients with hypercalcemia and WDHA syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • 15. Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic carcinomas. (nih.gov)
  • More than half of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) occur in the head and neck of elderly people, in areas of actinically damaged skin. (medscape.com)
  • S cells secrete secretin mostly from the duodenum, but also in decreasing amounts throughout the rest of the small intestine, and stimulate exocrine pancreatic secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • This organ has both exocrine and endocrine tissue. (lecturio.com)
  • These cells were originally described by Pearse in the 1960s, to arise from the neural crest. (statpearls.com)
  • Interaction of such a progenitor cell population with selected carcinogens may lead to stimulation of the rate of normal differentiation or, alternately, to selection of an abnormal route of differentiation that possesses a neuroendocrine phenotype. (nih.gov)
  • 18. Acquisition of neuroendocrine characteristics by prostate tumor cells is reversible: implications for prostate cancer progression. (nih.gov)
  • The definitive diagnosis requires (1) the presence of secretory diarrhea, (2) elevated serum VIP levels, and (3) the identification of a pancreatic endocrine tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical features of the syndrome depend on tumor cell type. (medscape.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) commonly appears as a painless mass on or just under the skin surface. (medscape.com)
  • Well-differentiated NETs are composed of small cells organized in islets, gyriform, and trabeculae, with finely granular cytoplasm, commonly referred to as "salt and pepper" chromatin pattern. (statpearls.com)
  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is the eponym for primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, a dermal neoplasm with cytoplasmic, dense-core neuroendocrine granules and keratin filaments. (medscape.com)
  • Furthermore, neuroendocrine cells typically have neurosecretory granules. (statpearls.com)
  • Although the frequency of both populations is considered low, solitary-type cells with dense-core granules can be found in as high as 5% of epithelial cells in the cricoid region of the guinea-pig larynx. (nih.gov)
  • However, a more plausible explanation, based on cytokinetic studies of epithelial neuroendocrinelike cells in the lung and other organs, is that these cells originate from a nonneuroendocrine population. (nih.gov)
  • Enterochromaffin cells are enteroendocrine and neuroendocrine cells with a close similarity to adrenomedullary chromaffin cells secreting serotonin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The name " enterochromaffin " refers to the ability to stain the cell with potassium chromate (chromaffin), a feature of cells that contain serotonin . (wikidoc.org)
  • Enteroendocrine cells of the intestine are the most numerous endocrine cells of the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microbiota play key roles in the intestinal immune and metabolic responses in these enteroendocrine cells via their fermentation product (short chain fatty acid), acetate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intestinal enteroendocrine cells are not clustered together but spread as single cells throughout the intestinal tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enteroendocrine cells sense the metabolites from intestinal commensal microbiota and, in turn, coordinate antibacterial, mechanical, and metabolic branches of the host intestinal innate immune response to the commensal microbiota. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stomach enteroendocrine cells, which release gastrin, and stimulate gastric acid secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic enteroendocrine cells are located in the islets of Langerhans and produce most importantly the hormones insulin and glucagon. (wikipedia.org)
  • A rare cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that lacks distinguishing clinical features. (medscape.com)
  • 20. Multidirectional differentiation in the normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human prostate: simultaneous demonstration of cell-specific epithelial markers. (nih.gov)
  • Neuroendocrinelike (small granule) epithelial cells of the lung. (nih.gov)
  • The presence of neuroendocrinelike epithelial cells in the lung of numerous species has been demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. (nih.gov)
  • Immunohistochemical studies have suggested that some lung epithelial cells may contain a known neuropeptide(s), but further investigation is needed to confirm the presence of such compounds in lung neuroendocrinelike cells and their physiochemical properties. (nih.gov)
  • 11. [Role of neuroendocrine cells in prostate cancer progression]. (nih.gov)
  • 13. [Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry may be needed to confirm the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). (medscape.com)
  • Histochemical methods used to identify these cells have included staining with silver, amine-type fluorescence (APUD cell), periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-lead hematoxylin, and immunohistochemical localization of neuron-specific enolase. (nih.gov)
  • The function of lung neuroendocrinelike cells is not known, but morphological and cytochemical studies suggest that the NEBs are intrapulmonary chemoreceptors that can respond to changes in airway gas composition. (nih.gov)
  • Apparent hyperplasia of lung neuroendocrinelike cells can occur readily in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine. (nih.gov)
  • In rats (Rattus rattus) the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43 is expressed both by this cell type and by mast cells of the mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although PHI/PHM acts via a different receptor on target cells, it has numerous similarities to VIP. (medscape.com)
  • 12. Endocrine-paracrine (APUD, neuroendocrine) cells in the normal and pathologic prostate. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Neuroendocrine differentiation in human prostatic carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • 9. Characterization of neuroendocrine differentiation in human benign prostate and prostatic adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Located in a increasing manner throughout the small intestine, with the highest levels found in the in ileum, N cells release neurotensin, and control smooth muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • L cells are primarily found in the ileum and large intestine (colon), but some are also found in the duodenum and jejunum. (wikipedia.org)
  • The solitary cells can be found throughout the airways of mammals, whereas the NEBs are confined to the intrapulmonary airways. (nih.gov)
  • Hypoxia or hypercapnia has been shown to decrease the amine cytofluorescence in these organoids and apparently to increase the exocytosis of dense core vesicles from the basal region of the cell. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate carcinoma: focusing on its pathophysiologic mechanisms and pathological features. (nih.gov)