• Trimers of two receptor-regulated SMADs and one co-SMAD act as transcription factors that regulate the expression of certain genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • A similar screen done in the Caenorhabditis elegans protein SMA (from gene sma for small body size) revealed three genes, Sma-2, Sma-3, and Sma-4, that had similar mutant phenotypes to those of the TGF-B like receptor Daf-4. (wikipedia.org)
  • To understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the genes which expression is associated with adipogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation cluster comprised 1028 genes up-regulated from days 3 to 8 of culture meanwhile the differentiation cluster was characterized by 2140 induced genes from days 15 to 21. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the other hand, the terminal differentiation phase was enriched with genes involved in energy production, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall, our study demonstrates the coordinated expression of functionally related genes during proliferation and differentiation of rainbow trout adipocyte cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another study that compared a pair of twins with discordant HIV infection status showed that several other genes are also differentially methylated, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 ( IGFBP6 ) [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the most critical hub genes, transcription factors, signaling pathways, and biological processes (BPs) associated with the pathogenesis of primary SGC. (genominfo.org)
  • R/Co-Smads are primarily located in the cytoplasm, but accumulate in the nucleus following TGF-β signaling, where they can bind to DNA and regulate transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the factors and mechanisms that regulate the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the vascular stromal fraction of the adipose tissue and its transformation into lipid-filled adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Smads (or SMADs) comprise a family of structurally similar proteins that are the main signal transducers for receptors of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) superfamily, which are critically important for regulating cell development and growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chin A, Liu J, Jardetzky T, Johnson DC , Vanarsdall A. Identification of functionally important domains of human cytomegalovirus gO that act after trimer binding to receptors. (viictr.org)
  • We also identified binding of pRb and p130 to an enhancer with crucial regulatory activity on Sox2 expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • The MH1 domain is primarily involved in DNA binding, while the MH2 is responsible for the interaction with other Smads and also for the recognition of transcriptional co-activators and co-repressors. (wikipedia.org)
  • the ligand-binding domain. (scirp.org)
  • Despite of the relevance of this issue, very little is known about the factors regulating the development of adipose tissue in fish, and the possible health alterations associated to an increased fat deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using this system, it was possible to identify tumor suppressor p27 as a repressor of Sox2 during differentiation. (oncotarget.com)
  • Smads were first discovered in Drosophila, in which they are known as mothers against dpp (Mad), through a genetic screen for dominant enhancers of decapentaplegic (dpp), the Drosophila version of TGF-B. Studies found that Mad null mutants showed similar phenotypes to dpp mutants, suggesting that Mad played an important role in some aspect of the dpp signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, mechanistic details are lacking, and recent studies have implicated ALMS1 in several processes including endosomal trafficking, actin organisation, maintenance of centrosome cohesion and transcription. (springer.com)
  • The CERM contains a variant E2F-recognition element, and binds a complex (termed CERC) consisting of E2F4, DP1, and either p130 or p107, as well as an unidentified necessary component. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Expression of cell cycle-regulated proteins pRB2/p130, p107, E2F4, p27, and pCNA in salivary gland tumors: prognostic and diagnostic implications. (nih.gov)
  • 9. p130/pRb2 has growth suppressive properties similar to yet distinctive from those of retinoblastoma family members pRb and p107. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of a PyLT mutant that efficiently binds pRb, but not p107 and p130, allowed the cells to be growth inhibited by FGF, suggesting that pRb itself is not involved in the FGF response. (silverchair.com)
  • C1 The Cyclin D1 promoter is activated by E2F4, but it is repressed by E2F1 via pRb (Watanabe et al. (nih.gov)
  • 1998) . In pRb-deficient cells, E2F1 stimulates this promoter. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to a constitutively occupied E2F1-Sp1 site immediately upstream of the cyclin E transcription start region, there is downstream a cell cycle-regulated site (termed CERM) that may function as a cyclin E-repressor module. (nih.gov)
  • By generating E2F4/E2F1 chimeras, we identify a six-residue motif that is critical for Deup1 and SAS6 binding. (molbiolcell.org)
  • 11. Reduced transcription of the RB2/p130 gene in human lung cancer. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Retinoblastoma-related protein pRb2/p130 and its binding to the B-myb promoter increase during human neuroblastoma differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Missing expression of pRb2/p130 in human retinoblastomas is associated with reduced apoptosis and lesser differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • In death 2, we well are the proliferation, releasing on its dense production component, strengthen the other immunoreceptor models, and inhibit how the first-hand E2F4 tyrosine can press characterized. (evakoch.com)
  • Smads (or SMADs) comprise a family of structurally similar proteins that are the main signal transducers for receptors of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) superfamily, which are critically important for regulating cell development and growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we establish that E2F4 associates with two distinct components of the centriole replication machinery, Deup1 and SAS6, targeting nonhomologous domains in these proteins. (molbiolcell.org)
  • The vertebrate Myb transcription factors comprise a small family of important regulatory proteins. (123dok.net)
  • These three Myb proteins share a similar domain organi-sation (see fig. 1 for B-Myb domains). (123dok.net)
  • Moreover, transcriptional variants resulted from alternative transcription start sites or alternative polyadenylation sites were found in Ras and genes encoding adhesion or cytoskeleton proteins such as integrin, β-catenin, α-catenin, and actin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • AN - coordinate IM with ADENOMA (IM) HN - 2006 BX - Corticotroph Adenoma BX - Pituitary Adenoma, ACTH-Secreting BX - Pituitary Corticotropin-Secreting Adenoma MH - Actin Capping Proteins UI - D051344 MN - D5.750.78.730.32 MN - D12.776.220.525.32 MS - Actin capping proteins are cytoskeletal proteins that bind to the ends of ACTIN FILAMENTS to regulate actin polymerization. (nih.gov)
  • HN - 2006(1981) BX - Actin-Capping Proteins MH - Actin Depolymerizing Factors UI - D051339 MN - D5.750.78.730.212 MN - D12.776.220.525.212 MS - A family of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT actin-binding proteins found throughout eukaryotes. (nih.gov)
  • Although parkin and N-myc expression were dramatically altered upon retinoic acid-induced differentiation of a human neuroblastoma cell line, modulation of parkin expression did not significantly affect either rates of cellular proliferation or levels of cyclin E. Analysis of additional genes associated with familial PD revealed a shared basis of transcription regulation mediated by N-myc and the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • Embryoid bodies were treated with retinoic acid (10 μM) to induce neural differentiation in the presence or absence of GSK-J4. (molcells.org)
  • In the download Flower Family of Hh formation, POLB-mediated Gli R-Smads bind located to induce a nervous ERBB2 that is into the north-facing and is vitamin sense actin. (evakoch.com)
  • The publication Telomerase reconstitution immortalizes human fetal hepatocytes without disrupting their differentiation potential provides data with respect to fetal hepatocytes that may or may not apply to the mature working hepatocytes that remain in the working part of a partially destroyed liver. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
  • Transcription factor that coordinates proliferation arrest and the differentiation of myeloid progenitors, adipocytes, hepatocytes, and cells of the lung and the placenta. (affbiotech.com)
  • Indeed, the different phosphorylation patterns generated by CDK8/9 and GSK3 define the specific interactions with either transcription activators or with ubiquitin ligases. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1998) . Ku can also bind to hairpin-ended DNA without activating DNA-PK (Smider et al. (nih.gov)
  • 1993) and has helicase activity, but ssb-bound Ku does not activate DNA-PK (Smider et al. (nih.gov)
  • 1996). Further details about cyclin E promoter regulation have recently been reported (Le Cam et al. (nih.gov)
  • Smads were first discovered in Drosophila, in which they are known as mothers against dpp (Mad), through a genetic screen for dominant enhancers of decapentaplegic (dpp), the Drosophila version of TGF-B. Studies found that Mad null mutants showed similar phenotypes to dpp mutants, suggesting that Mad played an important role in some aspect of the dpp signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • B7 The SH3 domain of c-Abl binds to the C-terminal region of DNA-PK (amino acids 3414-3850) and may compete with Ku for binding to the same region (Jin et al. (nih.gov)
  • The most con-served region is the DNA-binding domain located in the N terminus, which is composed of three imperfect repeats of 51 - 52 amino acids that recognise the canonical Myb-binding site (MBS) C/TAACNG [3, 4]. (123dok.net)
  • The MH1 domain is primarily involved in DNA binding, while the MH2 is responsible for the interaction with other Smads and also for the recognition of transcriptional co-activators and co-repressors. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA-PK does not bind detectably to Ku in the absence of DNA. (nih.gov)
  • B10 HMG1 or 2 compete with Ku for binding to DNA-PK and stimulate DNA-dependent kinase activity in vitro in the absence of Ku (Yumoto et al. (nih.gov)
  • It is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and binds ATP. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we showed that a phylogenetically conserved N-myc binding site in the bi-directional parkin promoter interacted with myc-family transcription factors in reporter assays, and N-myc bound to the parkin promoter in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and repressed transcription activity. (nih.gov)
  • Since encoding the Hamiltonian into aspects reviewed as fatty and worked subsets is to a congenital download Flower Family Album 1940 c, the Green's degree can cause exported low that the pane Hamiltonian binds Gi-coupled. (evakoch.com)
  • Microarray analysis performed on mRNAs of cells exposed to arsenite for 0 and 3 hr after release from G 2 phase synchrony showed that arsenite induced inhibitor of DNA binding-1 (ID1) differentially in p53 (+) and p53 (−) cells. (nih.gov)
  • 1997) . In the presence of Ku, however, the binding is stronger and more stable. (nih.gov)
  • 1997) . DNA-PK can bind weakly and transiently to dsDNA ends without Ku (Lieber et al. (nih.gov)
  • A4 c-Abl binds to p53 in response to ara-C or MMS (Yuan et al. (nih.gov)
  • Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. (affbiotech.com)
  • The transcription activators and the ubiquitin ligases both contain pairs of WW domains. (wikipedia.org)