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Thyroid NeoplasmsCarcinomaAdenocarcinoma, FollicularThyroid GlandCarcinoma, PapillaryThyroidectomyProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafThyroglobulinCell Line, TumorCarcinoma, MedullaryMice, NudeCell ProliferationCell DifferentiationImmunohistochemistryTumor Cells, CulturedThyroid DiseasesXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticTransplantation, HeterologousThyroid HormonesNeoplasms, Multiple PrimaryAntineoplastic AgentsCarcinoma, Papillary, FollicularCombined Modality TherapyIodine RadioisotopesNeoplasm TransplantationApoptosisThyroid NoduleProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retCarcinoma, Squamous CellCarcinoma, HepatocellularAdenocarcinoma, PapillaryCalcitoninRNA, MessengerMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2aReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionThyrotropinThyroid Function TestsCell DivisionGoiter, NodularMutationCarcinoma in SituGoiterReceptors, Thyroid HormoneThyroxineTumor Markers, BiologicalBiopsy, Fine-NeedleLymphatic MetastasisTriiodothyronineMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2bDown-RegulationTransfectionSignal TransductionTranscription FactorsLiver NeoplasmsRNA, Small InterferingPrognosisHypothyroidismCells, CulturedIodineThyroid Hormone Receptors betaUkraineDoxorubicinNeoplasm InvasivenessCell LineTreatment OutcomeNeck DissectionBase SequenceMolecular Sequence DataPhosphorylationIodide PeroxidaseDrug SynergismAdenocarcinomaHyperthyroidismNeoplasm StagingCarcinoma, Ductal, BreastMutation, MissenseCarcinoma, Basal CellSurvival AnalysisReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsAdenomaNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalPaclitaxelProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktStem CellsNeoplasm ProteinsHashimoto DiseaseChernobyl Nuclear AccidentMultiple Endocrine NeoplasiaRetrospective StudiesGraves DiseaseGene Expression RegulationGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalTime FactorsRadioactive Hazard ReleaseThyroiditis, AutoimmuneSodium IodideDNA-Binding ProteinsLung Neoplasms
Papillary thyroiCancersNeoplasmsPrognosisTumorsGlandVariant of papillary carcinomaNeoplasmEndocrineNoduleTumorBenignLesionsRight thyroid lobectomySquamous cellMalignancyDiagnosisPoorly differentiatedRisk factors for thyroid cancerSituIodineBreast CarcinomaNodules are foundHereditaryMalignanciesNeckGastric carcinomaCases of thyroid cancerPathogenesisPositivityMetastasisFollicular variantInvasiveCytologyAdenocarcinomasHistologicalDisordersPrevalenceAdenosquamousClinicallyTissueTypes of thyroidEvaluation of thyroidBiopsyUltrasonographyPatientsHormoneEpithelialMarkerOccurrenceTumour
Papillary thyroi5
  • We here report a 40-year-old man with papillary thyroid cancer on his right thyroid lobe and metastasized to the right posterior triangle of the neck. (nigeriamedj.com)
  • Increased risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has been reported. (hindawi.com)
  • Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is rapidly increasing both in the United States and abroad [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Patients with FTC are more likely to develop lung and bone metastases than are patients with papillary thyroid cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Notwithstanding, the high incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) depends on many uncontrollable factors, such as specific genetic changes of THCA, and traumatic invasive examination has different degrees of damage to the patient's thyroid. (peerj.com)
Cancers12
  • The VEGF-synthesis of thyroid cancers seems thus to be influenced by the extra cellular matrix (FN) via integrins. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Thyroid cancers are mainly papillary, follicular, medullary or anaplastic thyroid cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toro-Tobon D, Morris JC 3rd, Hilger CR, Peskey C, Durski JM, Ryder M . Clinical outcomes of radioactive iodine redifferentiation therapy in previously iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancers. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Genomic and Transcriptomic Characteristics of Metastatic Thyroid Cancers with Exceptional Responses to Radioactive Iodine Therapy. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Among different types of thyroid cancers, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tends to metastasized to cervical lymph nodes. (nigeriamedj.com)
  • Thyroid cancer is relatively rare, about 1% of all cancers combined. (scirp.org)
  • In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased considerably compared to other types of endocrine cancers. (scirp.org)
  • Results: The rates of the thyroid cancers listed during the three years of studies (2013-2014-2015) are 32.12%, 34.44% and 33.43% respectively. (scirp.org)
  • During the last twenty years, the development of diagnostic equipment (ultrasound and cytoponction) and changes in thyroid management practices have led to an increase in thyroid cancers, particularly papillary micro cancers. (scirp.org)
  • The most frequent thyroid cancers (papillary and vesicular) are cured in 80% to 90% of cases, if the treatment is appropriate. (scirp.org)
  • Anaplastic and medullary cancers are rare and have a very unfavorable prognosis. (scirp.org)
  • Thyroid cancers account for approximately 1% of all human malignancies. (ucjournals.com)
Neoplasms6
  • Thyroid nodules are a major presentation of thyroid neoplasms, and are diagnosed by ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (USG/FNA) or frequently by thyroidectomy (surgical removal and subsequent histological examination). (wikipedia.org)
  • Most thyroid nodules are benign hyperplastic lesions, but 5-20% of thyroid nodules are true neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • One of the major goals in the evaluation of the solitary thyroid nodule is the differentiation of hyperplasia from true neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid adenomas are benign neoplasms and are usually classified as follicular or papillary. (medscape.com)
  • 18 With the exception of the ovarian neoplasms, the same carcinomas analyzed for gene expression were also examined for HE4 by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays (see below). (nature.com)
  • FTC and other thyroid neoplasms arising from follicular cells (adenomas, papillary/follicular carcinoma, and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features [NIFTP]) show a broad range of overlapping clinical and cytologic features. (medscape.com)
Prognosis3
Tumors8
  • We investigated the possible association between the lymph node density and survival outcomes in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma, and examined whether the lymph node density was a predictor in a multivariate analysis adjusted for the pathological stage in the eighth edition of the Union for International Cancer Control Tumor-Node Metastasis Classification of Malignant Tumors. (oncotarget.com)
  • The pathological stage (pStage) in the eighth edition of Union for International Cancer Control TNM classification of Malignant Tumors (UICC8th) was expected to be a better prognostic factor for many types of carcinoma, and significant associations were found between the survival outcomes and the stage when restaging based on the UICC8th was performed for oropharyngeal carcinoma and PTC [ 1 - 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Other thyroid malignancies include thyroid lymphoma, various types of thyroid sarcoma, smooth muscle tumors, teratoma, squamous cell thyroid carcinoma and other rare types of tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to diagnose thyroid tumors. (docksci.com)
  • [ 4 ] They are typically homogeneous, solitary, and encapsulated tumors that are histologically distinct from adjacent thyroid tissue. (medscape.com)
  • In a series of 175 human adult tumors, gene expression was highest in ovarian serous carcinomas. (nature.com)
  • Gastric carcinoma comprises more than 90% of all gastric malignant tumors. (poznayka.org)
  • The GSE3467 , GSE3678 , GSE33630 and GSE53157 were obtained from the GEO database, including 100 thyroid tumors and 64 normal tissues to obtain the intersection of differentially expressed genes, and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed to obtain the HUB gene. (peerj.com)
Gland8
  • Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are two conditions that often arise from an abnormally functioning thyroid gland. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nodular disorders of the thyroid gland are relatively common among adults living in the United States, with an overall prevalence of approximately 4-7% in the general population. (medscape.com)
  • Follicular adenomas are the most common type of adenomas and arise from the follicular epithelium within the thyroid gland. (medscape.com)
  • For this reason, a surgical procedure to remove all or a large portion of the thyroid gland may be necessary to obtain sufficient tissue for a definitive diagnosis of FTC. (medscape.com)
  • The pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that goes into the blood stream to activate thyroid cells, which then secrete T3 and T4 into the peripheral tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • The thyroid gland secretes about 8 micrograms of T3/day, but 40 micrograms of T3 is made overall. (cdc.gov)
  • May have underlying carcinoma of a vulvar or perineal gland. (brainscape.com)
  • Enlargement of thyroid gland produced obvious physical changes in the neck. (ucjournals.com)
Variant of papillary carcinoma1
  • Right thyroid lobectomy was performed with right neck lymphadenectomy from level II-V. Early pathologic survey showed normal tissue with mild chronic inflammation for thyroid right lobe, and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma with diffuse areas for resected mass at posterior triangle in right side of the neck [Figure 1] and [Figure 2] . (nigeriamedj.com)
Neoplasm6
  • Thyroid neoplasm is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. (wikipedia.org)
  • It can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma, or it can be a malignant neoplasm (thyroid cancer), such as papillary, follicular, medullary or anaplastic thyroid cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first step in diagnosing a thyroid neoplasm is a physical exam of the neck area. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Thyroid neoplasm might be classified as benign or malignant. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Thyroid adenoma is a benign neoplasm of the thyroid. (wikipedia.org)
  • An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)
Endocrine5
  • Thyroid carcinomas are the most frequent malignancy of endocrine organs. (uni-marburg.de)
  • American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section and International Thyroid Oncology Group consensus statement on mutational testing in thyroid cancer: Defining advanced thyroid cancer and its targeted treatment. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Thyroid carcinoma comprises 1% of all malignancies but is the commonest malignant endocrine tumor. (nigeriamedj.com)
  • The cancer of the thyroid is the most frequent endocrine cancer. (scirp.org)
  • Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is a common endocrine malignant tumor. (peerj.com)
Nodule6
Tumor7
  • Staging based on the tumor-node metastasis (TNM) classification is widely used as a prognostic factor for the survival outcomes, such as overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), in various types of carcinoma, including differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Carcinoma of the thyroid with Ewing family tumor elements (CEFTE) disclosing solid nests of small cells with regular, round nuclei, and nests of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (a). (wikipedia.org)
  • Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) is a lobulated tumor composed of spindle cells and epithelioid cell component with glands, mucinous cysts, and/or squamous nests (f and g) Follicular patterned medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) (a). (wikipedia.org)
  • Surgical exploration revealed a firm, irregular, encapsulated tumor measuring 13.5x10x5 cm in size that occupied the ZOU et al: PRIMARY THYROID LEIOMYOSARCOMA: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW entire right thyroid lobe. (docksci.com)
  • carcinoma contains abundant pools of mucin in which are seen a small number of tumor cells, sometimes having signet-ring appearance. (poznayka.org)
  • A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. (lookformedical.com)
  • Prognostic significance of tumor cell proliferation rate as determined by the MIB-1 antibody in breast carcinoma: Its relationship with vimentin and p53 protein. (mpg.de)
Benign5
  • Enormous efforts in the search for objective measures that can differentiate benign from malignant thyroid lesions have been recently undertaken, mainly involving immunohistochemical markers and molecular markers, using somatic mutation, gene expression, and microRNA analyses. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Thyroid nodules are common and frequently benign, with approximately 5-10% being malignant. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Kohlenberg J, Gu J, Parvinian A, Webb J, Kawkgi OE, Larson NB, Ryder M , Fatemi M, Alizad A. Added value of mass characteristic frequency to 2-D shear wave elastography for differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. (mayoclinic.org)
  • FTC resembles the normal microscopic pattern of the thyroid, and a clear distinction between benign and malignant disease based solely on cytological examination of a needle biopsy specimen may be difficult. (medscape.com)
  • Neck masses are usually benign their clinical importance is primarily related to the need to exclude thyroid cancer. (ucjournals.com)
Lesions4
  • Macroscopically, the lesions of early gastric carcinoma may have 3 patterns-superficial, polypoid and ulcer-associated. (poznayka.org)
  • In India, there are 2,16,000 new cases of thyroid malignancies per year and hence the role of properly evaluating thyroid lesions is significant 4 . (ucjournals.com)
  • Fine needle aspiration (FNA) for cytology evaluation of thyroid cancer was originally used by Martin and Ellis at New York Memorial Hospital in 1930 FNAC, as reported in the literature, is the most accurate, relatively inexpensive and provides rapid diagnosis for thyroid lesions 7 . (ucjournals.com)
  • Simplicity, diagnostic accuracy and most of all cost effectiveness has given FNAC the status of first line diagnostic test in pre-operative evaluation of thyroid lesions. (ucjournals.com)
Right thyroid lobectomy2
  • The patient's past medical history included a diagnosis of thyroid carcinosarcoma with a right thyroid lobectomy performed in June 2013 (6 months previously), as well as a diagnosis of prostate cancer, which was treated with prostatectomy and orchiectomy in May 2010 (3 years previously), and diabetes treated with insulin from August 2010 (2 years prior to admission). (docksci.com)
  • The patient underwent right thyroid lobectomy and he received adjuvant radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy. (nigeriamedj.com)
Squamous cell4
Malignancy1
  • To achieve standardization of diagnostic terminology, morphologic criteria, and risk of malignancy for reporting of thyroid FNA, in 2007, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) organized the NCI thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference which proposed a 6-tier system and named it The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) 10 . (ucjournals.com)
Diagnosis3
  • An accurate diagnosis of primary thyroid LMS is difficult, as the disease is often misdiagnosed as anaplastic carcinoma, and requires the combined assessment of clinical, imaging and pathological data. (docksci.com)
  • Diagnosis of the current patient with primary thyroid LMS and a comprehensive review of the relevant literature are presented herein. (docksci.com)
  • Efficient monitoring strategies that include age at the time of thyroid cancer diagnosis, exposure to radiation, gender, and genetic susceptibility may successfully detect SPM earlier in the disease course. (hindawi.com)
Poorly differentiated2
Risk factors for thyroid cancer1
  • He had been working in a shoes workshop without any known risk factors for thyroid cancer. (nigeriamedj.com)
Situ1
  • carcinoma in situ in the stomach (a state of severe cellular atypia or dysplasia, without invasion across the basement membrane of the glands). (poznayka.org)
Iodine8
  • As thyroid cancer can take up iodine, radioactive iodine is commonly used to treat thyroid carcinomas, followed by TSH suppression by high-dose thyroxine therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • The prevalence of thyroid nodules within a given population depends on a variety of factors that include age, sex, diet, iodine deficiency, and therapeutic and environmental radiation exposure. (medscape.com)
  • family and personal history of thyroid disease, hormonal factors, iodine intake and other dietary factors. (scirp.org)
  • Treatment with radioactive iodine is recommended in high-risk patients and requires a high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to be effective. (scirp.org)
  • It is metabolized so one iodine atom is removed to produce T3 - about 10 times as active as T4 in binding to a receptor that exerts the action as receptor to the thyroid hormone. (cdc.gov)
  • On a portion of thyroid cell facing the blood stream there is a protein called sodium iodine symporter that transports iodine into the thyroid cell. (cdc.gov)
  • The iodine is what the cells need to make the thyroid hormone. (cdc.gov)
  • In the normal U.S. diet, iodine intake is about 250 micrograms or ¼ milligram (mg) of iodine per day, which goes into the thyroid cells and is incorporated into amino acids called tyrosine (in a large thyroglobulin molecule). (cdc.gov)
Breast Carcinoma1
  • p21/WAF 1/Cip 1 expression in invasive ductal breast carcinoma: relationship to p53, proliferation rate, vimentin, cathepsin D and survival at 5 years. (mpg.de)
Nodules are found2
  • Thyroid nodules are found in approximately 1.5% of children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid nodules are found in 5% of persons aged an average of 60 years. (medscape.com)
Hereditary1
  • [ 4 , 5 ] Some indication exists that BRAF mutation testing may be used to evaluate the likelihood of having hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) or Lynch syndrome versus sporadic colorectal cancer. (medscape.com)
Malignancies1
  • It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA . (lookformedical.com)
Neck6
  • The lymph node density (LND), which is defined as the ratio of the number of positive lymph nodes to the number of total lymph nodes, has been shown to be associated with the survival outcomes in many types of carcinoma, including head and neck carcinoma [ 1 , 5 - 9 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Primary thyroid LMS most commonly occurs in the elderly with a predilection for female patients, and typically presents as a painless, rapidly growing neck mass. (docksci.com)
  • Evaluation of solitary thyroid nodules requires the collaboration of the primary care physician, endocrinologist, pathologist, radiologist, and head and neck surgeon to provide comprehensive and appropriate management of this clinical entity. (medscape.com)
  • Exposure of the head and neck to ionizing radiation increases the incidence of thyroid nodules. (medscape.com)
  • A direct dose-response relationship between thyroid nodularity and radiation to the head and neck region also exists. (medscape.com)
  • The thyroid lies in front of the neck and trachea, and weighs about 15-20 grams in a normal adult. (cdc.gov)
Gastric carcinoma8
Cases of thyroid cancer2
  • The estimated number of new cases of thyroid cancer in the United States in 2010 is 44,670 compared to only 1,690 deaths. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients and methods: Our study focuses on 1376 cases of thyroid cancer in patients attending the nuclear medicine department at the university hospital of Tlemcen over a period of 3 years, from 2013 to 2015. (scirp.org)
Pathogenesis1
  • The molecular pathogenesis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is thought to be initiated by point mutations that result in dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. (medscape.com)
Positivity2
  • Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma (ITC) also known by the acronym (CASTLE) showing positivity for CD5 (inset) (e). (wikipedia.org)
  • Calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma (h) showing positivity for CGRP (i). (wikipedia.org)
Metastasis2
  • Consultation to another expert pathologist revealed the presence of an occult focal area of papillary carcinoma in right thyroid lobe with metastasis to right posterior cervical lymph node, in which papillary and follicular variant transformed to anaplastic cancer [Figure 3] and [Figure 4] . (nigeriamedj.com)
  • Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) originates from thyroid tissue and has the potential for distal metastasis ( Siegel, Miller & Jemal, 2019 ). (peerj.com)
Follicular variant1
Invasive1
Cytology1
  • 2 Indeterminate cytology is reported in 10-20% of thyroid FNAs, with management options including observation, repetition of FNA, or diagnostic lobectomy. (touchendocrinology.com)
Adenocarcinomas2
  • However, adenocarcinomas of the lung, and occasional breast, transitional cell and pancreatic carcinomas had moderate or high levels of HE4 expression. (nature.com)
  • Microscopically, fungating or polypoid carcinomas are well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, commonly papillary type. (poznayka.org)
Histological1
  • The aim of our work is to study the epidemiological profile of thyroid cancer in the western part of Algeria and to determine the influence of sex, age and histological type. (scirp.org)
Disorders1
  • Several different disorders can cause thyroid nodules. (ucjournals.com)
Prevalence2
  • The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in radiation-exposed patients increases significantly, ie, 16-31% relative to the general population. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid nodules are the common clinical findings and have a reported prevalence of 4%-7% of the adult population and occur more commonly in women. (ucjournals.com)
Adenosquamous1
Clinically1
  • The incidence of clinically apparent thyroid swellings in the general population is 4%-5% 3 . (ucjournals.com)
Tissue3
  • An important factor of cancer progression was recognized in the capacity of thyroid carcinoma cells to angiogenesis, procuring them an unlimited growth and the invasion of the surrounding tissue. (uni-marburg.de)
  • In the test series the Hurthle cell line XTC, the follicular cell line HTC+, the anaplastic cell line and the cell line Hth74 as well as a cell line isolated from natural thyroid tissue (Thy1) were examined. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Introduction Primary thyroid leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an extremely rare soft tissue cancer, with only 22 reported cases to date (1‑19). (docksci.com)
Types of thyroid2
  • [1] The simultaneous occurrence of different types of thyroid cancer in a single patient is a rare event. (nigeriamedj.com)
  • [4] We report concurrent three types of thyroid cancer in a 40-year-old man. (nigeriamedj.com)
Evaluation of thyroid2
  • Current diagnostic evaluation of thyroid nodules should include a multidisciplinary approach, integrating clinical, sonographic, cytologic, and molecular analysis. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • 1) To determine the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in evaluation of thyroid swellings by correlating FNAC results with that of histopathological examination. (ucjournals.com)
Biopsy1
  • Of these methods, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has become the most important tool in the assessment of solitary thyroid nodules. (medscape.com)
Ultrasonography1
  • Thyroid ultrasonography with superficial 7.5-MHz probe was normal. (nigeriamedj.com)
Patients4
  • A total of 543 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were enrolled. (oncotarget.com)
  • A retrospective study by Keh et al of 61 patients found 75.4% of solitary thyroid nodules to have a neoplastic pathology and 34.4% to be malignant. (medscape.com)
  • In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of DOG1 as an immunohistochemical marker in patients with salivary acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) through meta-analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Clinician feedback using a shared decision-making tool for the evaluation of patients with thyroid nodules-an observational study. (mayoclinic.org)
Hormone12
  • These occur when the thyroid is producing too much or too little thyroid hormone respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • and thyroid stimulating hormone, 0.084 mU/l (normal range, 0.35‑5.5 mU/l). (docksci.com)
  • The thyroid secretes thyroxine (T4), & triiodothyronine (T3) that exert effects on peripheral tissues exerting the actions of thyroid hormone. (cdc.gov)
  • The hypothalamus secretes a small peptide called Thyroid Releasing Hormone. (cdc.gov)
  • The thyroid hormone exerts negative feedback on cells that produce TSH, causing them to shut down production. (cdc.gov)
  • When it senses not enough thyroid hormone circulating it produces more TSH. (cdc.gov)
  • When T4 is converted to T3 it produces the more active thyroid hormone and activates the pathway. (cdc.gov)
  • It is a very active transport due to the need to produce thyroid hormone. (cdc.gov)
  • The action of thyroid hormone is on the nucleus, which is true for a lot of hormones. (cdc.gov)
  • The action of hormones are transduced by regulating the synthesis of proteins (5% of proteins in the body are regulated by thyroid hormone). (cdc.gov)
  • With no thyroid hormone an infant becomes a cretin, having poor intellectual development, and is short. (cdc.gov)
  • The thyroid hormone regulates energy and fat metabolism and protein synthesis by regulating different enzymes that are involved in those processes. (cdc.gov)
Epithelial1
Marker1
  • The intermediate filament protein vimentin as differentiation marker in preimplantation porcine embryos. (mpg.de)
Occurrence2
  • Simultaneous occurrence of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, known as differentiated thyroid cancer, has been reported with various presentations, but presence of an anaplastic cancer, as an undifferentiated cancer, in addition to differentiated thyroid cancer is rarely reported. (nigeriamedj.com)
  • Only the ionizing radiations received during childhood have an established responsibility for the occurrence of thyroid cancer. (scirp.org)
Tumour1
  • Similarly, under Carcinoma, specific renamed or deleted in later revisions of tumour classifications. (who.int)