• Extracellular vesicles derived from healthful primary murine hepatocytes or AML12 (alpha mouse liver) cells induced the downregulation of Acta2, Ccn2, and Col1a1 expression in aHSCs in vitro [139]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • Although liver failure can be treated via hepatocyte transplantation, it also faces multiple problems comprising the shortage of high-quality hepatocytes sources, rejection of allogeneic transplants, difficulty to expand, and losing hepatic characteristics in vitro [ 7 , 8 ]. (springer.com)
  • Fibrosis is a physiological response to cellular injury in the liver and is mediated by the activation of hepatic stellate cells resulting in the replacement of hepatocytes with extracellular matrix comprised principally of collagen 1 to form a hepatic scar. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Burganova G.R. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation stimulates hepatocytes proliferation in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis / G.R. Burganova, S.R. Abdulkhakov, I. M. Gazizov, A. A. Gumerova, M.A. Titova, R. Deev, A. P. Kiyasov // UEG Journal: Abstract Issue. (kpfu.ru)
  • Solated prim Ren human hepatocytes, which are listed in Table 1. (c-kitinhibitors.com)
  • But modest Promotoraktivit t In cellular Ren reporter assays based on typical erh Ht, probably because the CAR accumulates in the nucleus of immortalized cells, w While they Haupt Normally in the cytoplasm of primary Ren hepatocytes and liver. (c-kitinhibitors.com)
  • The vitamin D receptor has been reported to produce a modest 2 times the induction of CYP2C9 in prime Ren human hepatocytes by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3. (c-kitinhibitors.com)
  • Current 2D in vitro assays based on cell lines such as HepG2 that have reduced metabolic capacities compared to primary hepatocytes ex vivo, and the use of primary human hepatocytes suffers from high donor-to-donor variation and only retain in vivo characteristics for a short time ex vivo. (edu.au)
  • We established a 3D liver organoid cell culture model from primary mouse tissue and characterised the capacity of these organoids to model liver characteristics in vitro and used this model to define the interactions between organoid hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells in a co-culture trans-well system. (edu.au)
  • The generation of reactive oxygen species from Kupffer cells and myofibroblasts promotes the apoptosis of hepatocytes, the release of apoptotic bodies, and the activation of hepatic stellate cells. (threco.com)
  • Pancreatic stellate cell activation and expression of matrix molecules constitute the complex process that induces pancreatic fibrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • While the pathogenesis of fibrosis remains elusive, the activation of stellate cells contribute to pancreatic fibrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our findings reveal a critical role for Lyn kinase in modulating inflammatory signals, regulating microvascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment, and in promoting hepatic fibrosis. (nature.com)
  • The results of this study provide an experimental basis for further examination of the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis due to AE infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigated the role of Echinococcus multilocularis (Echinococcus genus) PSCs in hepatic fibrosis by examining structural changes and measuring hepatic fibrosis-related protein levels in cocultures of PSCs and human HSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structural changes were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and levels of the hepatic fibrosis-related proteins collagen I (Col-I), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and osteopontin (OPN) were measured by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of this study provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of AE-induced hepatic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protoscoleces (PSCs) of E. multilocularis invade the liver and trigger hepatic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peri-parasite granulomas form in the liver and cause irreversible hepatic fibrosis, which makes surgical resection difficult, and secondary infections typically occur [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hepatic parasitic fibrosis caused by E. multilocularis PSCs is a host response associated with immune cell infiltration which activates the differentiation of HSCs into fibroblasts [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the novel hexaco-ordinated globin cytoglobin was identified in activated hepatic stellate cells more than 10 years ago, its role in stellate cell biology and liver fibrosis remains enigmatic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human transformation growth factor- beta 1 (TGF-β1) was used to induce fibrosis at optimal concentration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results showed that YQRG effectively alleviated CCl 4 -induced liver injury and fibrosis in rats, including observations of improved liver function, decreased activity of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and decreased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hepatic fibrosis is an abnormal wound-healing process in which hepatic parenchymal cells (HPCs) transform into fibrous tissue of ECM [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], which is detrimental to human health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are now considered to be the key contributors of pancreatic fibrosis (5, 11, 135). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Vitamin D deficiency has been commonly present in patients with immune-mediated liver and non-liver diseases, and it has been associated with histological severity, advanced hepatic fibrosis, and non-response to conventional glucocorticoid therapy in autoimmune hepatitis. (springer.com)
  • Vitamin D inhibits proliferation and profibrotic marker expression in hepatic stellate cells and decreases thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. (springer.com)
  • RESULTS: FZHY treatment resulted in the downregulation of NLRP3 protein expression and inhibition of its priming and activation in both human fibrotic livers and DDC-induced liver fibrosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • This review will focus on the contribution of high-throughput genomic and proteomic approaches to the study of fibrogenesis and fibrosis progression, concentrating on the most prevalent human chronic liver diseases and findings from animal models in liver tissue, isolated liver cells, cell lines and serum. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liver cirrhosis is end stage liver injury resulting in a progressive fibrosis phenotype, in which the hepatic architecture is distorted. (edu.au)
  • Markers characteristic of liver injury and fibrosis, such as Actn1 and Lamb3 were upregulated in hepatic stellate cells, although collagen expression was downregulated in these cells. (edu.au)
  • Ethanol at clinically relevant concentrations causes α-SMA expression and collagen production in PaSCs but produce a minimal effect on cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human aHSCs had been inactivated in vitro by stimulation having a cocktail containing growth things, palmitic acid, and retinol, as a result major for the downregulated expression of SMA and variety 1 collagen, too because the reduction of proliferation and matrix metalloproteinase activity [129]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • In the current study, we investigated the role of different extracellular matrix proteins in stellate cell proliferation, activation (alpha smooth muscle actin expression and retinoic acid uptake) and cytoglobin expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Burganova G. Liver cells proliferation and apoptosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / G. Burganova, S. Abdulkhakov, I. Gazizov, A. Gumerova, M. Titiova, A. Odintcova, A. Kiassov // BioNanoScience. (kpfu.ru)
  • We also showed that dose-dependent induction of proliferation was connected with changes in the expression of MKI67, CCND1 and CCNE1 genes in well- and poorly differentiated cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Our study revealed that Ang II influences EC cells in terms of cancer-related processes, and is responsible for increased proliferation, reduction in apoptosis, increased mobility and modulation of adhesion potential. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, various biologically active peptides such as angiotensin, affecting cell proliferation, have become a new area of study in endometrial cancer research. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Recently, a number of studies have shown that Ang II plays an important role in proliferation, invasiveness and migration of tumour cells, alteration of expression of cancer-related genes, as well as in physiological tissue remodelling. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This active form of vitamin D can inhibit immune cell proliferation, promote an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, expand regulatory T cells, enhance glucocorticoid actions, increase glutathione production, and inhibit hepatic stellate cells. (springer.com)
  • Apart from indirect immune-modulatory and anti-angiogenic … mune-modulatory and anti-angiogenic effects, they have direct impact on cell proliferation. (lisym.org)
  • Injury to these cells result in the release of reactive oxygen species, proinflammatory signals, proliferation-associated cytokines, and the activation of repair pathways. (edu.au)
  • We decellularized the metastatic lung sections, measured the micromechanics of the tumor ECM, and stained the sections for ECM proteins, proliferation, and cell death markers. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The potential sources of these activating factors include platelets, macrophages, pancreatic acinar cells and endothelial cells in inflamed pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). (nature.com)
  • We characterize the role of increased Lyn kinase activity in neutrophils, endothelial cells and lesional liver biopsies and utilized an iPSC-derived endothelial cell platform for disease modeling of neutrophilic vasculitis and to screen and evaluate drug efficacy. (nature.com)
  • Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
  • These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
  • Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
  • Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)
  • The previous work has shown that Tanshinone IIA could ameliorate inflammation microenvironment in colorectal cancer via repressing miRNA-155 expression ( 8 ) and exert an anti-angiogenic effect in vascular endothelial cells via inhibiting the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, PDAC is characterized by an abundant tumor stroma that includes a heterogeneous mixture of immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, neurons and some molecular events. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endothelial cell senescence or activation is dependent on the type of cytokine, ligand concentration, cell-cell interaction, MK 1775 and a multitude of other signaling molecules. (ainhibitor.com)
  • In fact, several studies have shown that T2D induces senescence in multiple types of cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • including hepatic stellate cells, liver adipocytes, liver resident macrophages kupffer cells, endothelial cells and infiltrating immune cells. (edu.au)
  • This study presents an in-silico model replicating a microfluidic assay where endothelial cells sprout into a biomimetic extracellular matrix, specifically, a large-pore, low-concentration fibrin-based porous hydrogel, influenced by chemotactic factors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The main purpose of this study was to explore the interactions between hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and E. multilocularis protoscoleces (PSCs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are the major cells responsible for the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins during cirrhosis, are found in the space of Disse and act as a major storage site for vitamin A [ 14 , 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activated HSCs differentiate into muscle fibroblasts, which express alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and accelerate the process of cirrhosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HSCs undergo phenotypic changes from quiescent vitamin A storing cells, involved in maintenance of the normal basement matrix, into proliferative myofibroblast-like cells, expressing myogenic markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This could be considered to be part of a feedback loop as changes in ECM composition results in changes in HSC cell surface receptors, particularly integrins indicating that the ECM should not be regarded simply as an inert physical scaffold but a dynamic structure that is able to influence the phenotype of HSCs [ 2 , 8 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HSCs express numerous cell surface receptors including both discoidin domain receptors (DDRs)-which are receptors for collagen I and many of the integrin subunits, which are a major family of cell surface receptors for extracellular molecules and play a critical role in many biological functions [ 7 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effects of macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation on the function of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were explored by treating primary HSCs with preconditioned media from BMDMs culture. (bvsalud.org)
  • Increased α-SMA expression in stellate cells exposed to ethanol suggests activation and transformation of the cells to a myofibroblast phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • ECM organization and retinol metabolism were partly restored to levels exhibited by qHSCs, and 70 of cells accumulated cytoplasmatic lipid droplets, underlining a switch in phenotype [129]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • The pharmacological stimulation of nitric oxide production in rats with thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis restored the differentiated LSEC phenotype, which subsequently led towards the apoptosis and inactivation of aHSCs [133]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • extracellular vesicles can alter the phenotype of their recipient cells and could prove a novel method to NASH remedy [137]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • Accordingly, the liver, the main organ of iron metabolism, was severely affected in moribund ILEI overexpressing mice: increased alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase levels indicated liver dysfunction, the liver was reduced in size, showed increased apoptosis, reduced cellular iron content, and had a fibrotic phenotype. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results demonstrate that cytoglobin expression is correlated with a more quiescent phenotype of stellate cells in culture and that cytoglobin is regulated by the extracellular matrix through integrin signalling dependent on activation of focal adhesion kinase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vivo , the identification of macrophage phenotype is complicated since macrophages are obviously exposed to a microenvironment that is more complex respect to cell culture conditions, and they display characteristics that do not conform to the in vitro defined phenotypic categories. (hindawi.com)
  • After Ang II treatment, poorly differentiated endometrial cancer cell line acquired a mesenchymal phenotype, which was characterized by induced expression of EMT-related genes (VIM, CD44, SNAI1, ZEB1 and ZEB2). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
  • CCN1 also induced Jag1 expression in hepatic stellate cells, whereupon they interacted with hepatic progenitor cells to promote their differentiation into cholangiocytes. (jci.org)
  • Its effect and effectiveness appear to be highly connected with the differentiation status of the cancerous cells, as Ang II appears to play a crucial role in the early and late stages of malignant transformation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Lung cDC2s from CD109-/- mice had a poor ability to induce cytokine production in ex vivo DC-T cell cocultures with high expression of RUNX3, resulting in suppression of Th2 differentiation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
  • In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In health, PSCs are known to not only play a role in regulating normal extracellular matrix turnover but are also thought to have progenitor cell functions as well as a role in innate immunity. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Intradermal adipocyte progenitor cells are activated toward the end of the telogen phase to proliferate and differentiate into mature adipocytes. (jcadonline.com)
  • The activation of P2 receptors induces intracellular calcium signalling which mediates the fibrogenic function of activated stellate cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The present invention provides a simple and robust human liver cell-based system in which persistent hepatitis C infection, persistent hepatitis B infection or ethanol exposure induces a clinical Prognostic Liver Signature (PLS) high-risk gene signature. (sumobrain.com)
  • With this cell model, it was reported that CYP2Cs significant levels of mRNA, protein, and activity t Induces the therapeutic reagents, glucocorticoid hormones Like the D, vitamin and endogenous metabolites Lithochols ure, Which has been shown to induce CYP2C8. (c-kitinhibitors.com)
  • This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
  • MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
  • 26,27 Dermal adipocytes are organized in small clusters under the reticular dermis and interact with the hair follicular cells regulating the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
  • Tissue infiltration by activated innate immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, if untreated, leads to rapidly progressive organ injury, that can involve many organ systems. (nature.com)
  • Myeloid immune cells, specifically tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), may represent potential novel therapeutic targets in HCC, complementing current ablative or immune therapies. (cancerindex.org)
  • However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
  • Myeloid innate immune cells, such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role in cancer-cell recognition, initiation of inflammation and antitumor responses ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The infiltration of multiple types of tumor-promoting immune cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune cells, mediates immune evasion and tumor progression [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Indeed, several human diseases are characterized by attenuated repair responses and imbalances in the inflammatory response with increased number of infiltrating macrophages [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Alternatively activated M2 macrophages comprise cells exposed to low concentrations of M-CSF in the presence of IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10. (hindawi.com)
  • Briefly, after centrifugation, the cells were resuspended to a concentration of 2.5 × 106 cells/mL and cultured for 7 days in a medium supplemented with 100 ng/mL of M-CSF or 10 ng/mL of GM-CSF (both from Peprotech) to obtain, macrophages and cDCs, respectively. (ainhibitor.com)
  • Macrophages and dendritic cells can produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D within the microenvironment. (springer.com)
  • Following inflammation or injury to the pancreas, quiescent PaSCs are activated to myofibroblast like cells, which expresses α- smooth muscle actin. (wikipedia.org)
  • A role of Src family kinase members in causing sterile inflammation and human disease is only recently recognized. (nature.com)
  • Hence, myeloid cells play a dual role in cancer as they can initiate antitumor responses and communicate with cells of the adaptive immune system, but also promote local inflammation leading to chronic cancer-associated inflammation ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Pathogen clearance is mediated by mechanisms such as phagocytosis, respiratory burst with the production of ROS and RNS and release of bacteriostatic peptides, but also through the cell-extrinsic initiation of inflammation via the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • BMP7 aberrantly induced in the psoriatic epidermis instructs inflammation-associated Langerhans cells. (tugraz.at)
  • Macrophage activation has been described as a dynamic process: the same cell may initially induce proinflammatory and cytotoxic reactions and later may take part in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Bach2 repression mediates Th17 cell-induced inflammation and associated with clinical features of the advanced disease in chronic pancreatitis United European Gastroenterology Journal (In Press 2017). (aighospitals.com)
  • Over lifetime, due to the action of several stressors such as DNA damage and telomere shortening, senescent cells accumulate in the organism and release a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for low-grade inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
  • CD109 on Dendritic Cells Regulates Airway Hyperreactivity and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the development of asthma via presenting allergens, causing Th2 skewing and eosinophil inflammation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
  • Liver organoids have demonstrated many advantages over conventional in vitro models such as long-term genetic stability, 2D in vivo-like organisation, and maintaining the necessary cellular cross talk and behavioural characteristics of their primary corresponding cells. (edu.au)
  • Transcriptional profiling revealed a tumour necrosis factor-α mediated apoptotic response in organoids and an inflammatory response in both the organoids and hepatic stellate cells. (edu.au)
  • FXR-dependent Rubicon induction impairs autophagy in models of human cholestasis. (tugraz.at)
  • Moreover, we identified downregulated and upregulated DEGs in the model group relative to the control and YQRG-treated groups, with GO analysis revealing their enrichment in biological processes, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis, and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Likewise, extracellular vesicles from healthier human subjects decreased human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 activation [140]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • Although further studies are required, we provide evidence that cytoglobin is a negative regulator of stellate cell activation and therefore may represent a novel target for anti-fibrotic treatments in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, the most primordial defense responses employed by myeloid cells against pathogens, such as complement activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, actually seem to favor cancer progression. (frontiersin.org)
  • PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • cell activation, exactly as previously described [56]. (ainhibitor.com)
  • Furthermore, FZHY was observed to block the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, which can lead to excessive inflammatory cytokine release in supernatants and cell lysates in response to LPS and ATP. (bvsalud.org)
  • Several nuclear receptors have been identified xenobiotic-induced activation of gene transcription human CYP2C are involved. (c-kitinhibitors.com)
  • Activation of rat liver PPAR alpha has been shown to suppress hepatocyte apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
  • Conversely, the co-culturing of aHSCs with differentiated LSECs resulted in HSC inactivation, as measured by a lowered expression of SMA and collagen sort I, too because the re-establishment of cytosolic fat droplets [29]. (calcium-channel.com)
  • Hepatic stellate cell dependent decreases in organoid viability and organoid dependent increases in hepatic stellate cell viability were observed, as well as Halofuginone dependent decreases in hepatic stellate cell viability were also observed. (edu.au)
  • Vav1-driven overexpression of the ILEIind transgene in all hematopoietic cells (Vav-ILEIind) did not render mice anemic or lower overall fitness, demonstrating that no intrinsic mechanisms of erythroid development were dysregulated by ILEI and that hematopoietic ILEI hyperfunction did not contribute to death. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs), defined as fibroblast-like non-hematopoietic cells, have been discovered in various organs and named after their site of origin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When cells undergo apoptosis by dependence receptors, the intracellular domain of some RTKs is cleaved by the caspases. (koreascience.kr)
  • MSCs have the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages and undergo osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies have proven that rodent and human MSCs can differentiate into HLCs in vitro and in vivo , which is one of the mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of liver failure. (springer.com)
  • 6,7 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from other sources, such as bone marrow, 8 the placenta, 9 muscle, 10 or blood. (jcadonline.com)
  • 11 However, the greater the abundance of adipose tissue in the human body, the significantly higher the yield of MSCs is compared to other tissues. (jcadonline.com)
  • Cellular extensions also enable the cells to sense their environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • In vitro mammary spheroid formation, flow cytometry assay on CD24 − /CD44 + sub-population, ALDH activity detection, cell viability assay and western blot analysis, and in vivo tumor-initiating analysis were performed to examine the effects of Tanshinone IIA on the stemness of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been found that some of the SVF cell types possess regenerative and anti-inflammatory potentials in damaged tissues due to their ability to secrete growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules. (jcadonline.com)
  • Over the two decades since these cells were first isolated and cultured from rodent and human pancreas, research in this area has progressed at a rapid rate. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Tanshinone IIA attenuated the stemness of breast cancer cells, evident by downregulating the expression of stemness markers, hindering the capacity of spheroid formation, decreasing the CD24 − /CD44 + sub-population in a concentration-dependent manner and reducing the tumor-initiating ability of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some tumor cell-inherent resistance mechanisms, such as the tumor mutational burden and aberrant expression of oncogenic pathways, restrain antitumor immunity [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Biological assays and gene expression analysis were performed on three cell lines: ISH, MFE-296 and MFE-280. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, we examined alterations in the expression of genes related to cancer cell behaviour after Ang II treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Vitamin D ameliorates stress ligand expression elicited by free fatty acids in the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. (springer.com)
  • BMMSCs also significantly improved the expression level of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II in both DCD donor livers and ROS-induced injured IAR-20 cells, including upregulating the expression of ferritin. (medscimonit.com)
  • In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Knock-in mice expressing a CCN1 mutant that is unable to bind α v β 5 /α v β 3 were impaired in ductular reaction, leading to massive hepatic necrosis and mortality after bile duct ligation (BDL), whereas treatment of these mice with soluble JAG1 rescued ductular reaction and reduced hepatic necrosis and mortality. (jci.org)
  • mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
  • The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
  • To improve the quality of liver grafts from extended-criteria donors donated after circulatory death (DCD), this study explored whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) have protective effects on DCD donor livers and the effects of ferroptosis in this procedure. (medscimonit.com)
  • Pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs) are classified as myofibroblast-like cells that are located in exocrine regions of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydrogen peroxide was used to induce an oxidative stress model of hepatocyte IAR-20 cells to evaluate the protective effects of BMMSCs in vitro. (medscimonit.com)
  • Dependence receptors are a group of receptor proteins with shared characteristics of transducing two different signals within cells. (koreascience.kr)
  • On the other hand, dependence receptors can transduce an apoptosis signal in the absence of ligands. (koreascience.kr)
  • Vitamin D receptors are expressed on the principal cell populations involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses. (springer.com)
  • Peroxisome proliferators are non-genotoxic carcinogens which are purported to exert their effect on cells through their interaction with members of the nuclear hormone receptor family, termed peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). (thermofisher.com)
  • Adipose tissue is a loose connective tissue composed of cells supported by an intracellular matrix as well as by vascular, lymphatic, and neural networks. (jcadonline.com)
  • Immune cells engage in extensive and dynamic crosstalk with stromal components in the tumor tissue in addition to tumor cells, which subsequently impacts tumor suppression or promotion to a large extent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this review, we discuss how infiltrating immune cells influence PDAC development and explore the contributions of complex components to the immune landscape of tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a signaling molecule and cytotoxic effector, NO influences the function of immune cells and production of cytokines. (koreascience.kr)
  • pathomechanisms that regulate extravasation of damaging immune cells into surrounding tissues are poorly understood. (nature.com)
  • Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This lack of efficacy may be because existing immunotherapies mainly target the interactions between cancer cells and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, exploration of the interactions between the stroma and immune cells may offer new therapeutic opportunities for PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An improved understanding of PSC biology and of the interactions of PSCs with other pancreatic cells provides a strong platform for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for notoriously hard to treat diseases of the pancreas such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Pancreatic stellate cell: The Pandora's Box for pancreatic disease biology. (aighospitals.com)
  • Impaired immune effector cell infiltration and inactivation of the immune response contribute to the poor prognosis of PDAC patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After a comprehensive review of all the current in vitro models of the liver we hypothesised that a liver organoid cell culture model co-cultured with myofibroblast like hepatic stellate cells can model liver injury. (edu.au)
  • The advantages of 3D models include replicating the complex attributes of the liver beyond liver specific metabolism, such as increased cell density, organisation, and cell-cell signalling, O2 zonation, as well as the anatomy of the liver lobule and the circulatory system. (edu.au)
  • however, a variety of other cell types are found as well, collectively labeled as stromal vascular fraction (SVF). (jcadonline.com)
  • The prevention and elimination of cancer cells are dependent on the host's immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a neural cortical stem cell model, we find that the epigenetic changes arising as a consequence of alcohol exposure are heavily dependent on the gene under investigation, the dose of alcohol encountered, and that the signatures arising acutely differ significantly from those observed after a 4-day recovery period. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)
  • And a recent study demonstrates that Tanshinone IIA restrains migratory and invasive ability of cervix carcinoma stem cells by suppressing the transcriptional activity of YAP (Yes-associated protein) [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An organoid cell culture is defined as a collection of cells culturing several cell types that develop from stem cells or organ progenitors and self-organise through cell sorting and spatially restricted lineage commitment, similar to organogenesis in vivo. (edu.au)
  • Adipose cells organized in small clusters under the reticular dermis closely interact with hair follicular cells and regulate the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
  • The cells are located in periductal and perivascular regions of the pancreas and contain vitamin A lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • PaSCs compose 4% of the total cell mass in the gland Stellate cells derive their name from their star shape and are located in other organs such as the kidney and lungs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are resident cells of the pancreas, found in both the exocrine and endocrine parts of the gland. (pancreapedia.org)
  • They have proinflammatory functions: they produce effector molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF α , and IL-6) and participate as inducer and effector cells in polarized Th1 responses. (hindawi.com)
  • Photomicrograph showing a normal rat pancreatic section immunostained for the stellate cell selective marker desmin (left) and a corresponding line diagram (right). (pancreapedia.org)
  • These cells, surrounding the hair follicles, secrete signaling molecules that control the progression of the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
  • PSCs in their native state express abundant vitamin A (retinoids) containing droplets in their cytoplasm which is a characteristic feature of the "stellate cell system" in the body (138). (pancreapedia.org)
  • AXL transfection in CRC cell lines induced AXL overexpression and resistance to the EGFR blockade. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which have produced unprecedented clinical benefits in a variety of different cancers, produce promising results in only some highly selected patients with PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PaSCs are mediated by paracrine and autocrine stimuli and share similarities with the hepatic stellate cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this review, we discuss how rudimentary defense mechanisms deployed by myeloid cells can promote tumor progression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Endoglin and ALK1 receptor levels in tumor vasculature correlate inversely with prognosis in humans, whereas in mice, endoglin deficiency decelerates tumor progression. (ainhibitor.com)