• Transcriptional adapter 2-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TADA2A gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many DNA-binding transcriptional activator proteins enhance the initiation rate of RNA polymerase II-mediated gene transcription by interacting functionally with the general transcription machinery bound at the basal promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional activator adaptor and has been found to be part of the PCAF histone acetylase complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation (PubMed:23415232, PubMed:23934153, PubMed:8945521). (jensenlab.org)
  • integrates phosphorylation during transcription with chromatin modifications to control co-transcriptional histone mRNA processing (PubMed:15564463, PubMed:19575011, PubMed:19844166). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • The phosphorylation of MYOD1 enhances its transcriptional activity and thus promotes muscle differentiation (PubMed:12037670). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • Non (protein)-coding RNAs are the most abundant transcriptional products of the coding genome, and comprise several different classes of molecules with unique lengths, conformations and targets. (frontiersin.org)
  • A closely related debate around chromatin modifications is about causality: several histone PTMs correlate with specific transcriptional states, but in many cases they are not responsible for a transcriptional outcome but rather are a consequence of it [7] . (plos.org)
  • Nearly all known histone-acetyltransferase (HAT)-associated transcriptional co-activators contain bromodomains, which are approximately 110-amino-acid modules found in many chromatin-associated proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The proliferative arrest is mediated by transcriptional repression of genes essential for cell division by the retinoblastoma protein family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, in Drosophila , X chromosome dosage compensation involves hyperacetylation of H4-K16 on the single male X chromosome by the MOF (MYST1/KAT8) histone acetyltransferase to increase its transcriptional output relative to the two female X chromosomes [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)
  • These transcriptional factors belong to the basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) transcription factor family and bind the E-box DNA motifs in the promoter regions of target genes to enhance transcription. (molcells.org)
  • The control of nuclear localization via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation serves as the primary regulatory mechanism for MiT family proteins, and several kinases and phosphatases have been identified to directly determine the transcriptional activities of MiT proteins. (molcells.org)
  • Chromatin modifiers, such as the histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase G9a, histone deacetylases, and chromatin remodelers (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histone deacetylation was essential during a specific temporal window of development and was dependent on the enzymatic activity of histone deacetylases, whose expression was detected in the developing corpus callosum. (rupress.org)
  • Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulation of the expression of histone deacetylases, and aggregation of pathogenic forms of proteins are among the most common and significant pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. (actanaturae.ru)
  • Catalyzes phosphorylation of KAT5, promoting KAT5 recruitment to chromatin and histone acetyltransferase activity (PubMed:29335245). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • Phosphorylation on Thr-308, Ser-473 and Tyr-474 is required for full activity. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Ser-473 phosphorylation is enhanced by interaction with AGAP2 isoform 2 (PIKE-A). Ser-473 phosphorylation is enhanced in focal cortical dysplasias with Taylor-type balloon cells. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Acetylation results in reduced phosphorylation and inhibition of activity. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • The code is an array of post-translational modifications (acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation) of NH 2 -terminal tails of core histone and to a lesser degree their globular domains. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation, can regulate the function of proteins, determine the active state and subcellular location of proteins, and dynamically interact with other proteins related to carcinogenesis and progression ( 17 - 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In the affected ventral spinal cord, resveratrol enhanced the expression of several vascular endothelial growth factor family proteins (VEGFs) and increased the phosphorylation of p300 through Akt signaling, indicating activation of p300 acetyltransferase. (vinomis.com)
  • Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling (PubMed:23415232, PubMed:23934153, PubMed:8945521). (jensenlab.org)
  • Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability. (jensenlab.org)
  • p53 is a DNA-binding protein containing DNA-binding, oligomerization and transcription activation domains. (affbiotech.cn)
  • The role of MSY genes in important cellular processes such as transcription regulation, translation, and protein stability in males is vital not only in sex determination but also in sex-dependent organ development [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unlike sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic regulators do not necessarily bind DNA at consensus sequences, but still achieve reproducible target binding in a manner that is cell and maturation-type specific. (frontiersin.org)
  • These and other PTMs generate a combinatorial histone code that demarcates chromatin regions for transcription activation or repression [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histone modifications act as signals that are 'read' by sensory proteins containing bromodomains, PHD fingers and other domains, many of which function as coregulators of DNA-binding transcription factors [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acetylases are now known to modify a variety of proteins, including transcription factors, nuclear import factors and alpha-tubulin. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Thus, the bromodomain is functionally linked to the HAT activity of co-activators in the regulation of gene transcription. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • In mice, rapamycin treatment increases expression of histone proteins and Wdfy3 transcription, and alters chromatin organisation in the small intestine, suggesting the mTORC1-histone axis is at least partially conserved in mammals and may offer new targets for anti-ageing interventions. (sdbonline.org)
  • Generally chromatin-remodeling proteins histone chaperones and histone acetylation enzymes are believed to do something synergistically to stimulate transcription on chromatin web templates (26). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The ISWI-type nucleosome-remodeling aspect SNF2H and Williams symptoms transcription aspect (WSTF) were determined previously as book individual Cdt1-binding proteins (12). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • This gene encodes a transcription factor that regulates MHC class II genes by binding to a promoter element referred to as an X box. (cancerindex.org)
  • This gene product is a bZIP protein, which was also identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the T cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter. (cancerindex.org)
  • The resulting loss of 26 nt from the spliced mRNA causes a frame-shift and an isoform XBP1(S), which is the functionally active transcription factor. (cancerindex.org)
  • The isoform encoded by the unspliced mRNA, XBP1(U), is constitutively expressed, and thought to function as a negative feedback regulator of XBP1(S), which shuts off transcription of target genes during the recovery phase of ER stress. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
  • The histones and non-histone proteins of chromatin compact the DNA and govern its accessibility to enzymes during transcription, replication, repair and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • e.g. they bind selectively to DNA, stimulate transcription resulting in tissue-specific RNA synthesis and undergo specific changes in response to various hormones or phytomitogens. (lookformedical.com)
  • A retinoblastoma-binding protein that is involved in CHROMATIN REMODELING, histone deacetylation, and repression of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION. (lookformedical.com)
  • This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family (MiT family) proteins are evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that perform many essential biological functions. (molcells.org)
  • P-TEFb is also involved in cotranscriptional histone modification, mRNA processing and mRNA export (PubMed:15564463, PubMed:19575011, PubMed:19844166). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • It has been found that upon accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mRNA of this gene is processed to an active form by an unconventional splicing mechanism that is mediated by the endonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). (cancerindex.org)
  • Garcinol treatment alters expression of chromatin modifying enzymes in MCF7 cells, resulting in reprogramming of key histone and p53 PTMs and growth arrest, underscoring its potential as a cancer chemopreventive agent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Enzymes that modify chromatin and associated proteins by the addition or removal of acetyl or methyl groups play a key role in genome regulation [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, drug-like molecules that target chromatin modifying enzymes to reprogram selected histone PTMs in tumour cells may have potential as cancer chemopreventive agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The recent identification of enzymes that regulate histone acetylation has revealed a broader use of this modification than was suspected previously. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Histone acetyltransferase 1 (Hat1) proteins are conserved enzymes that modify histones by acetylating lysine residues. (sdbonline.org)
  • Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones. (lookformedical.com)
  • In this respect HBO1 (a MYST family members histone acetyltransferase that binds to ORC) originally determined through its physical connections with individual ORC1 (27) was lately discovered to associate with replication roots through relationship with Cdt1 also to enhance licensing and DNA replication through its acetylation activity GSK 525762A (28-30). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • 1996. Id of individual protein conserved using the fungus putative adaptors ADA2 and GCN5 functionally. (isme-la2019.org)
  • 2002. Acetylation of interferon regulatory aspect-7 by p300/CREB-binding proteins (CBP)-associated aspect (PCAF) impairs its DNA Tasquinimod binding. (isme-la2019.org)
  • In addition to its effects on histone modifications, garcinol was found to block CBP/p300-mediated acetylation of the C-terminal activation domain of p53, but resulted in enhanced acetylation of p53K120, and accumulation of p53 in the cytoplasmic compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Citation: Ding Z, Cao J, Shen Y, Zou Y, Yang X, Zhou W, Guo Q and Huang C (2018) Resveratrol Promotes Nerve Regeneration via Activation of p300 Acetyltransferase-Mediated VEGF Signaling in a Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury. (vinomis.com)
  • Inactivation of p300 acetyltransferase reversed the resveratrol-induced expression of VEGFs and motor repair in rats that had undergone sciatic nerve crush injury. (vinomis.com)
  • Resveratrol activated p300 acetyltransferase-mediated VEGF signaling in the affected ventral spinal cord, which may have thus contributed to the acceleration of nerve regeneration and motor repair. (vinomis.com)
  • Such changes are mitigated through rapid expression of the relevant genes for extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • It is postulated to bind as a tetramer to a p53-binding site and activate expression of downstream genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion, and thus function as a tumor suppressor. (affbiotech.cn)
  • Despite extensive studies on the effect of these genes on the development pathways, some MSY genes have remained as missing proteins with no experimental protein evidence due to highly transient and spatio-temporal restricted expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further analysis revealed that a lower AR occupancy was accompanied by a reduction in FoxA1 binding at regulatory regions of AR-dependent genes. (oncotarget.com)
  • The importance of acetylation has recently been elevated by the utilization of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in pre-clinical research and the treatment of hypertrophic heart disease 6,7 , as well as the discovery of several critical acetylated forms of myosin amino acids that need to be modified in order for the sarcomere to function correctly 8,9 . (cytoskeleton.com)
  • A number of natural and synthetic molecules that inhibit histone acetyltransferase (HAT) or histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities have been described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • Recently, several chromatin-related proteins have been shown to regulate ESC pluripotency and/or differentiation, yet the role of the major heterochromatin proteins in pluripotency is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • miR-1202 may regulate OA development via histone acetyltransferase pathway binding function and cellular senescence pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histones H3/H4 regulate expression of an autophagy cargo adaptor Blue Cheese ( Bchs (WDFY3 in mammals), increased expression of which in enterocytes mediates increased H3/H4-dependent healthy longevity. (sdbonline.org)
  • The effects of DNA methylation and the histone code are due, at least in part, to modification-specific recruitment of factors, such as heterochromatin-associated proteins (HP1) and methyl-binding domain proteins, which establish and maintain higher order of chromatin structure. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Here we identify Heterochromatin Protein 1β (HP1β) as an essential protein for proper differentiation, and, unexpectedly, for the maintenance of pluripotency in ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SIRT2, an NAD-dependent class III histone deacetylase, contributes to H4-K16Ac deacetylation and DNA compaction in human fibroblast cell lines that assemble striking senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHFs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In budding yeast, heterochromatin is formed by the localized action of the Sir2 NAD-dependent histone deacetylase that specifically deacetylates H4-K16Ac to allow binding of the SIR silencing complex [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mammalian HP1 isoforms HP1α, HP1β, and HP1γ play different roles in genome stability, but their precise role in heterochromatin structure is unclear. (cipsm.de)
  • The encoded protein has mitogenic and DNA-binding activity and may play a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation. (thermofisher.com)
  • SUMOylation of proteins is an important mechanism in cellular responses to environmental stress ( 21 , 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These DEMs such as has-miR-1202 were mainly enriched in GO functions like histone acetyltransferase binding and KEGG pathways like cellular senescence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of polypeptides and their associated ligands. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cross-talk between different histone modifications, as well as DNA methylation, seems complex. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Epigenetic information can be transmitted by several different molecular mechanisms, which include but are not limited to DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). (plos.org)
  • Epigenetic regulation refers to the multiple chemical modifications of DNA or DNA-associated proteins that alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility in a heritable manner, without changing DNA sequence. (frontiersin.org)
  • Some have been shown to bind epigenetic regulators, and thus constitute attractive candidates to mediate epigenetic target specificity. (frontiersin.org)
  • To date, most of our understanding of epigenetic regulation and its participation in leukemogenesis is based on the enzymatic activities and protein-protein interactions of histone and DNA modifiers. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, a growing body of evidence suggests that recruitment, stability, and function of epigenetic factors can be mediated by non-protein-coding RNAs. (frontiersin.org)
  • These characteristics correlate with a distinct nuclear architecture, epigenetic signatures enriched for active chromatin marks and hyperdynamic binding of structural chromatin proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several voices have questioned this use of the word epigenetics, because many histone PTMs do not carry heritable information [1] - [8] . (plos.org)
  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones and other proteins are perturbed in tumours. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Drug-like molecules that can reprogram selected histone PTMs in tumour cells are therefore of interest as potential cancer chemopreventive agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histone PTMs are also critical for other genomic functions, such as DNA replication and induction of repair mechanisms at sites of DNA damage [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor protein p53, a nuclear protein, plays an essential role in the regulation of cell cycle, specifically in the transition from G0 to G1. (affbiotech.cn)
  • Post-translational modifications of histone proteins play a pivotal role in DNA packaging and regulation of genome functions. (sdbonline.org)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human CREB Binding Protein (CREBBP) in Tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (hudsen.org)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat CREB binding protein(CREBBP) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (hudsen.org)
  • Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)
  • Structure and ligand of a histone acetyltransferase bromodomain. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. (stjohnslabs.com)
  • This study shows that inhibition of mTORC1 by the lifespan-extending drug rapamycin increases expression of histones H3 and H4 post-transcriptionally, through eIF3 -mediated translation. (sdbonline.org)
  • ChIP-sequnce analyis (ChIP-seq) revealed that fewer AR-binding sites were present in the context of p53 inhibition, suggesting that wild-type p53 is required for stable binding of AR to certain chromatin regions. (oncotarget.com)
  • Using a broad spectrum anti-acetyl antibody, the researchers determined that one of the acetylated proteins is myosin. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • The nature of the recognition of acetyl-lysine by the P/CAF bromodomain is similar to that of acetyl-CoA by histone acetyltransferase. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Hat1 function and the presence of these acetyl marks are not required for the nuclear transport of histone H4 as histone variant His4r retained its nuclear localization both in Hat1 mutants and in His4r-K5R-K12R double point mutants. (sdbonline.org)
  • Together, these data identify global modifications of nucleosomal histones critical for timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in the developing corpus callosum. (rupress.org)
  • Although treatment with curcumin, garcinol or the garcinol derivative LTK-14 hampered MCF7 cell proliferation, differential effects of these compounds on histone modifications were observed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Post-translational modifications of histones represent an important mechanism modulating the accessibility of chromatin and contributing to the recruitment of other proteins to chromatin [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is found as a subunit of protein complexes that are in involved in the enzymatic modification of histones including the Mi2 and Sin3 histone deacetylase complexes and the polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
  • Humans possess only one enzyme belonging to GH84, first defined by its unique biochemical properties including activity at neutral pH and selectivity for ''N''-acetylglucosamine residues. (cazypedia.org)
  • Two powerful tumour suppressor pathways, controlled by the p53 and retinoblastoma (pRB) proteins, are important for establishing and maintaining the senescence growth arrest. (nature.com)
  • This network included the abundant pattern recognition proteins, signal transduction compo nents involved with Toll, Imd and JAK/STAT pathways, modulation molecules in proPO activating cascade and immune responsive effectors. (cox2-inhibitors.com)
  • The 48 kDa subunit, RETINOBLASTOMA-BINDING PROTEIN 4, is also a component of several other protein complexes involved in chromatin remodeling. (lookformedical.com)
  • Although initially discovered as a retinoblastoma binding protein it has an affinity for core HISTONES and is a subunit of chromatin assembly factor-1 and polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
  • SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that has been found to play a major role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
  • With the launch of the human proteome project (HPP), the association of Y chromosome proteins with pathological conditions has been increasingly explored. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A histone chaperone that facilitates nucleosome assembly by mediating the formation of the histone octamer and its transfer to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. (thermofisher.com)
  • Toward this objective, ChIP-Seq data of 14 S/MAR binding proteins were analyzed and the binding site coordinates of these proteins were used to prepare a non-redundant S/MAR dataset of human genome. (researchgate.net)
  • Large international consortiums such as ENCODE (The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) has shown that up to 80% of the genome is transcribed while only 1,5% of it is protein -coding sequences [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, it modified the genome-wide binding pattern of AR. (oncotarget.com)
  • Overall, our results point to p53 playing an important role in regulating AR activity across the genome. (oncotarget.com)
  • E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)
  • In addition, probable function in DNA repair of isoform 2 via interaction with KU70/XRCC6 (PubMed:20493174). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • Then the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was further constructed according to mRNAs in the miRNAs-mRNAs network. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acetylation regulates many diverse functions, including DNA recognition, protein-protein interaction and protein stability. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • CD15 antigen is important for direct carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction and plays a role in mediating phagocytosis, bactericidal activity and chemotaxis. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • In some proteins, the classical bromodomain has diverged to such an extent that parts of the region are either missing or contain an insertion (e.g., mammalian protein HRX, Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical protein ZK783.4, yeast protein YTA7). (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • During the first 10 postnatal days, administration of valproic acid (VPA), the specific inhibitor for histone deacetylase activity, resulted in significant hypomyelination with delayed expression of late differentiation markers and retained expression of progenitor markers. (rupress.org)
  • Roquin proteins preclude spontaneous T cell activation and aberrant differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells. (cipsm.de)
  • This information is based on mapping of SMART genomic protein database to KEGG orthologous groups. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The CDK9/cyclin-K complex has also a kinase activity towards CTD of RNAP II and can substitute for CDK9/cyclin-T P-TEFb in vitro (PubMed:21127351). (wuxibiortus.com)
  • 1998. Recruitment of the proteins organic containing cyclin and Tat T1 to TAR governs the types specificity of HIV-1 Tat. (isme-la2019.org)
  • Mediates survival signals downstream of PI3 kinase and several growth factor receptors by phosphorylating AP0pototic proteins. (affbiotech.com)
  • In this study we assessed the effects of the phytocompounds garcinol and curcumin on histone and p53 modification in cancer cells, focussing on the breast tumour cell line MCF7. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ubiquitination is a multifunctional posttranslational modification controlling the activity, subcellular localization and stability of proteins. (cipsm.de)
  • Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. (stjohnslabs.com)