• Dialysis prolongs the patient's survival to allow more time for acquired renal cystic disease to occur. (medscape.com)
  • In order to make an accurate diagnosis of the type of disease it is important to consider the patient's risk factors and how the patient has acquired HIV infection. (webcir.org)
  • ACKD can be easily distinguished from autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) because in ACKD the kidneys are small to normal in size, whereas they are typically extremely large in individuals with ADPKD. (medscape.com)
  • Topology of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) proteins polycystin-1, polycystin-2, and fibrocystin/polyductin (FPC) are shown. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • 1949: Black-Schaffer advanced the diagnosis, proved the systemic nature of this disease, and raised the suspicion of an infectious cause for Whipple disease. (medscape.com)
  • 1961: Electron microscopy (EM) studies by Yardley et al provided more evidence for an infectious cause of Whipple disease by finding bacillary bodies within membrane-bound vesicles in the cytoplasm of macrophages. (medscape.com)
  • neoplasms, and non-infectious and nonmalignant diseases. (webcir.org)
  • Acquired cysts can be simple or part of acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD), also called acquired renal cystic disease (ARCD). (medscape.com)
  • ACKD is characterized by the development of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys in individuals who have no history of hereditary cystic disease. (medscape.com)
  • Subgroup analysis shows if MGC was combined with ascites or peritoneal involvement, the OS of the RP regimen was longer (P = 0.05). (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Second-line palliative chemotherapy with RP was shown to prolong the PFS and OS, especially among patients with ascites or peritoneal involvement, which warrants confirmation using larger sample studies. (bvsalud.org)
  • This article, besides being a general presentation of Whipple disease, focuses on both the neurologic manifestations and specifics of diagnosis and treatment of Whipple disease with symptomatic CNS involvement (CNS-WD). (medscape.com)
  • these diseases share the feature of renal cysts. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with more advanced disease may present with signs and symptoms due to cyst hemorrhage or infection, or distant metastasis from a malignant renal neoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • Compensatory growth: The profound loss of renal tissue in end-stage kidney disease promotes tubular cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia. (medscape.com)
  • Kidney atrophy is a recognized consequence of ischemia that may be caused either by primary renal arterial occlusion or by the secondary arterial occlusions that develop after dialysis is begun. (medscape.com)
  • The peritoneal/ascitic fluid characteristics or levels are then compared with their respective serum values. (medscape.com)
  • The autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common life-threatening monogenic disease, affecting 12 million people worldwide. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Imaging, always based on clinical information, is an essential tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases in patients with symptomatic AIDS. (webcir.org)
  • It makes it possible to recognize the radiographic pattern of the various OIs and neoplasms, to make a differential diagnosis of potential diseases and to monitor the response to treatment. (webcir.org)
  • Some mesenteric diseases present with distinctive imaging findings while others have similar findings, thereby complicating their differential diagnosis. (sajr.org.za)
  • Defects in the primary cilia are linked to a wide spectrum of human diseases, collectively termed ciliopathies. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) with decompensated chronic liver disease (CLD) has been a subject of debate. (bvsalud.org)
  • He identified periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-staining granules, most likely representing degenerating bacterial forms, within macrophages isolated from the small bowel as well as other tissue and fluid specimens (eg, pericardium, endocardium, lymph nodes, synovia, lung, brain, meninges) obtained from patients in whom Whipple disease was suspected. (medscape.com)
  • ACKD is diagnosed when three or more cysts are present in each kidney in a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and small or nomal-sized kidneys. (medscape.com)
  • Diagnostic paracentesis should be performed in all patients who do not have an indwelling peritoneal catheter and are suspected of having SBP. (medscape.com)
  • In peritoneal dialysis patients with a peritoneal catheter, fluid should be withdrawn using sterile technique. (medscape.com)
  • 50 mg/dL), a peritoneal fluid LDH level much greater than the serum LDH, a peritoneal fluid WBC count greater than 10,000 cells/µL, a pH lower than 7.0, high amylase levels, multiple organisms on Gram stain, or recovery of anaerobes from the culture raises the suspicion of SP in these patients. (medscape.com)
  • The type of pulmonary condition to be developed by AIDS patients will depend on the stage of disease, which is generally determined based on the CD4 lymphocyte count. (webcir.org)
  • Their studies of different patient groups (Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Irritable Bowel Disease, celiac disease, fructose malabsorption, patients who underwent colectomy, etc) showed that reduction of the intake of FODMAPs may help to reduce symptoms, depending on other things these people usually eat. (aurametrix.com)
  • This condition often occurs in advanced CKD, and the cysts can antedate the clinical recognition of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). (medscape.com)
  • Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) was previously thought to be a consequence of hemodialysis. (medscape.com)
  • The polycystic kidney diseases are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders and a leading cause of kidney failure. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The autosomal recessive form of polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is rarer but affects the pediatric population. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Kidney cysts are often seen in a wide range of syndromic diseases. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • FIGURE 339-1 Scheme of the primary cilium and cystic kidney disease proteins. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • CT plays an essential role in the diagnosis of mesenteric disease. (sajr.org.za)
  • Studies have shown that although the association of dialysis and ACKD is indisputable, it is the uremic state that promotes the development of ACKD. (medscape.com)
  • In its early stages, ACKD does not produce symptoms and is usually discovered incidentally in the course of abdominal imaging procedures. (medscape.com)
  • 1952: Paulley was first to report a case of a patient with histologically proven Whipple disease whose symptoms responded to chloramphenicol. (medscape.com)
  • They used a gene that encodes for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in bacteria to characterize the nucleotide sequence of the bacillus from a patient with Whipple disease. (medscape.com)
  • They demonstrate various contrast enhancement patterns including early peripheral enhancement because of vascular tissue ( Figure 1 ), delayed central enhancement of the fibrotic components, heterogenous, homogenous and absent enhancement. (sajr.org.za)
  • Evaluation of the mesentery is often neglected during routine ultrasound (US) because of inadequate training and unfamiliarity with the common US features encountered with mesenteric disease. (sajr.org.za)
  • Despite the slowly progressive course of most cases of Whipple disease, CNS-WD may have a fulminant course, and manifest isolated CNS-WD cases have been reported in the literature. (medscape.com)
  • Figure from McConnell, The Nature of Disease, 2nd ed. (powershow.com)
  • The disease control rate (DCR) in the RP and P groups was 56.2% and 36.0%, respectively. (bvsalud.org)