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HirsutismPolycystic Ovary SyndromeOligomenorrheaHair RemovalCyproterone AcetateAcne VulgarisVirilismMenstruation Disturbances17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone17-alpha-HydroxypregnenoloneCortodoxoneEstradiol CongenersAndrogensDehydroepiandrosterone SulfateAdrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital17-KetosteroidsEthinyl EstradiolFinasterideAcanthosis NigricansOvarian Function TestsAndrogen AntagonistsAndrostenedioneFlutamideTestosteroneHairHydroxyprogesteronesHormonesDelayed DiagnosisParamethasoneEndocrine System DiseasesAlopeciaHyperandrogenismEncyclopedias as TopicMedlinePlusGross Domestic ProductEncyclopediasNational Library of Medicine (U.S.)Testosterone Propionate
HyperandrogenismIdiopathic hirsutismPCOSAcneVirilizationAmenorrheaCases of hirsutismSymptoms of hirsutismExcessPubertyHypertrichosisEtiologyOvarianAndrogensLead to hirsutismCauses hirsutismFamilialTreatmentEndocrineClitoromegalyWomenOvariesSevereAdrenalMenstrualDifferential diagnosisSignsTerminal hairExclusionEtiologicObesityHypothyroidismCortisolDisorderFacial and body hairMinimalSystemicEvaluationTesticularHair growthThyroidPatients
Hyperandrogenism13
Idiopathic hirsutism14
PCOS13
  • The underlying cause of hirsutism is usually polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). (mhmedical.com)
  • Endocrine causes of hirsutism include: Ovarian cysts such as in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common cause in women. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis of patients with even mild hirsutism should include assessment of ovulation and ovarian ultrasound, due to the high prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as well as 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (because of the possibility of finding non-classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency). (wikipedia.org)
  • Don't let a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) make you feel like you've lost control over your body. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Based on this presentation, her provider suspects a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). (va.gov)
  • Without additional findings to suggest an alternative diagnosis, Julie diagnosis is PCOS. (va.gov)
  • Diagnostic criteria for PCOS vary by organization, although all include a component of ovarian disease and the exclusion of alternative diagnoses (refer to Table 1). (va.gov)
  • This is often true of hirsutism with PCOS. (medscape.com)
  • There was disparity in the diagnostic approaches of endocrinologists, who rely more on androgen levels for diagnosis of PCOS versus gynaecologists, who more frequently use an ovarian morphology assessment. (edu.om)
  • Increased years of experience increased the rate of ultrasonography use for PCOS diagnosis in both groups. (edu.om)
  • We generally consider PCOS to have three components, but you only need two of the three components to make the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • However, not all women with PCOS have elevated levels of androgens in their blood, and it is not necessary for the diagnosis of PCOS. (medscape.com)
  • What Comes After a Diagnosis of PCOS? (medscape.com)
Acne4
  • [1] Women often present with amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, hirsutism with acne and male-pattern hair growth, weight gain, and difficulty with fertility. (va.gov)
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome is a clinical syndrome typically characterized by anovulation or oligo-ovulation, signs of androgen excess (eg, hirsutism, acne), and multiple ovarian cysts in the ovaries. (merckmanuals.com)
  • We report a case of a woman who had multiple dermatological findings, including facial plethora, easy bruising, violaceous striae, hirsutism, and acne, the latter 2 signs reflecting androgen excess. (karger.com)
  • Skin manifestations can include: Acanthosis nigricans Acrochordons (skin tags) Acne Hirsutism Androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss). (symptoma.com)
Virilization3
  • When a history of rapid severe hirsutism or other signs of virilization are obtained, an androgen-secreting tumor is a possibility. (medscape.com)
  • Elevated serum levels of testosterone can cause hirsutism, virilization, and amenorrhea. (mhmedical.com)
  • HIRSUTISM AND VIRILIZATION Hirsutism , the development of excessive androgen-stimulated terminal hair in a female, may occur with severe insulin resistance. (symptoma.com)
Amenorrhea2
  • Serum prolactin or FSH: Women with hirsutism and amenorrhea of unknown cause should have a serum prolactin or FSH test to evaluate for either a prolactinoma or ovarian failure. (medscape.com)
  • it is a retrospective diagnosis, usually made after 12 months of amenorrhea. (mhmedical.com)
Cases of hirsutism3
  • [ 1 ] Even mild cases of hirsutism may be viewed by the patient and others as a presumptive loss of femininity. (medscape.com)
  • About 10 to 15% of cases of hirsutism are idiopathic with no known cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also appears during puberty, but unlike other cases of hirsutism, it does not cause changes or alterations in menstruation, fertility, or hormones. (fastlyheal.com)
Symptoms of hirsutism2
Excess5
  • Although hirsutism is broadly defined as excessive hairiness, the common clinical use of the term refers to women with excess growth of terminal hair in a male pattern. (medscape.com)
  • Hirsutism is however, more than a cosmetic problem because it usually represents a hormonal imbalance, resulting from a subtle excess of androgens that may be of ovarian origin, adrenal origin, or both. (mhmedical.com)
  • Hirsutism is excess hair growth on the body or face. (massgeneral.org)
  • Increased hair growth in a male pattern (hirsutism) may be caused by excess androgen. (pharmacymedicinedrugs.com)
  • If the patient does not have a lot of hirsutism and you are unsure whether she has excess male hormones, obtain total and free testosterone levels. (medscape.com)
Puberty4
  • Bicalutamide (Casodex): Marketed for the treatment of prostate cancer and also used in the treatment of hirsutism in women, as a component of hormone therapy for transgender women, to delay precocious puberty in boys, to prevent or alleviate priapism, and for other indications. (wikipedia.org)
  • Familial or ethnic hirsutism usually begins during puberty. (patient.info)
  • Therefore, hirsutism in prepubertal children may be a sign of precocious puberty and may signify a serious underlying disease (all relevant conditions listed above should be considered). (patient.info)
  • Hirsutism resulting from CAH begins early in childhood, while late-onset CAH presents with hirsutism after puberty. (patient.info)
Hypertrichosis3
  • If the distribution of hair growth occurs throughout the body, this is referred to as hypertrichosis, not hirsutism. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 1 ] Hirsutism is different to hypertrichosis, which is increased hair growth in a generalised non-sexual distribution and is unrelated to androgens. (patient.info)
  • Hirsutism and Hypertrichosis Hirsutism is the excessive growth of thick or dark hair in women in locations that are more typical of male hair growth patterns (eg, mustache, beard, central chest, shoulders, lower abdomen. (merckmanuals.com)
Etiology2
  • Regardless of the etiology, hirsutism can produce mental trauma and emotional anguish. (medscape.com)
  • Because uncontrolled Cushing's syndrome of any etiology is associated with substantial morbidity, including increased cardiovascular disease and mortality, it is important to make an early diagnosis. (karger.com)
Ovarian6
  • A thorough abdominal and pelvic examination is important in patients with hirsutism because more than half of androgen-secreting adrenal and ovarian tumors are palpable. (medscape.com)
  • Systemic therapies directed at hirsutism can be divided into those that decrease ovarian or adrenal androgen production and those that inhibit androgen action in the skin. (medscape.com)
  • Hirsutism is usually the result of an underlying endocrine imbalance, which may be adrenal, ovarian, or central. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conversely, hirsutism that occurs in middle-aged or older women should suggest an adrenal or ovarian tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Hirsutism typically results from abnormally high androgen levels as a result of increased production of androgens (eg, due to ovarian or adrenal disorders) or increased peripheral conversion of testosterone to DHT by 5-alpha-reductase. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The determination of testosterone in women is helpful in the diagnosis of androgenic syndrome (AGS), polycystic ovaries (Stein-Leventhal syndrome) and when an ovarian tumor, adrenal tumor, adrenal hyperplasia or ovarian insufficiency is suspected. (cdc.gov)
Androgens4
  • However, there are other hormones not related to androgens that can lead to hirsutism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Minoxidil Androgens like testosterone, anabolic steroids, and androgenic progestins Valproic acid and methyldopa Pregnancy: Due to changes in hormone production Idiopathic: When no other cause can be attributed to an individual's hirsutism, the cause is considered idiopathic by exclusion. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the severity of hirsutism does not correlate with the level of circulating androgens because of individual differences in androgen sensitivity of the hair follicle. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hirsutism also may be the result of increased end organ response to normal plasma levels of androgens and manifest as a familial phenomenon in people of Mediterranean, South Asian, or Middle Eastern ancestry. (msdmanuals.com)
Lead to hirsutism1
Causes hirsutism1
Familial1
Treatment12
  • The major objectives in the management of hirsutism are to rule out a serious underlying medical condition and to devise a plan of treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The treatment of hirsutism begins with a careful explanation about the cause of the problem and reassurance that the patient is not losing her femininity. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of hirsutism is indicated when hair growth causes patient distress. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has been investigated in the treatment of hirsutism but showed minimal effectiveness. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although it is a rare condition, the accurate diagnosis and treatment of Cushing's disease is important due to its higher morbidity and mortality compared to the general population, which is attributed to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and infections. (scielo.br)
  • Rey RA, Josso N. Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of sexual development. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW, McQuaid KR. (mhmedical.com)
  • Early diagnosis and treatment along with weight loss may lower the risk of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. (mayoclinic.org)
  • A solid grasp of the female reproductive system allows for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of hundreds of conditions. (lecturio.com)
  • If you're looking for a gynaecologist in Liverpool to manage the treatment and diagnosis of any manner pelvic pain, get in touch today. (manchestergynaecologist.com)
  • Successful treatment of hirsutism in HAIR-AN syndrome using flutamide, spironolactone, and birth control therapy. (symptoma.com)
  • The clinical diagnosis of GCT is usually based on history, rectal examination, ultrasonographic examination, and serum hormone analysis, and surgical removal of the affected ovary is the treatment of choice. (bvsalud.org)
Endocrine3
  • In this sense, hirsutism is one of the most common endocrine disorders, affecting approximately 10% of women in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • The causes of hirsutism can be divided into endocrine imbalances and non-endocrine etiologies. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the diagnosis of endocrine pathology, a comprehensive examination is used, including the study of the patient's anamnesis, tests for the content of various hormones, ultrasound of the glands, magnetic resonance imaging. (medic-journal.com)
Clitoromegaly1
  • The differential diagnosis between the two conditions is often difficult, because they present similar clinical features such as hirsutism, androgenic alopecia, clitoromegaly, muscle hypertrophy and deepening of the voice. (usp.br)
Women10
  • Approximately 50% of women with even minimal hirsutism have excessive androgen. (medscape.com)
  • Laser therapy has been shown not only to reduce unwanted hair but also to improve depression and anxiety in women with hirsutism. (medscape.com)
  • Women who do not conform to a prevailing feminine ideal of physical appearance because of hirsutism may feel unattractive and suffer from low self-esteem, and such women may find social interactions difficult. (mhmedical.com)
  • In some of these women, hirsutism is thought to be caused by increased skin sensitivity to androgen or by increased skin 5-alpha-reductase activity. (medscape.com)
  • Values of less than 7 nmol/L exclude the diagnosis, and values of greater than 45 nmol/L (in women who are nongestational) confirm 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Hirsutism affects between 5 and 15% of women across all ethnic backgrounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is the most common cause of hirsutism in women. (massgeneral.org)
  • Hirsutism is defined as the excessive growth of thick dark hair in an androgen-dependent pattern where hair growth in women is usually minimal or absent - eg, the face, the chest and the areolae. (patient.info)
  • Hirsutism is a common disorder affecting between 5% and 10% of women of reproductive age. (patient.info)
  • For example, hirsutism is more common in Western ethnic groups than in Asian women. (fastlyheal.com)
Ovaries1
Severe1
Adrenal1
  • Once the diagnosis of POI is made, screening for autoimmune adrenal antibodies should be performed and a karyotype, FMR1 premutation screen, and baseline DEXA scan should be obtained. (lecturio.com)
Menstrual1
  • Diagnosis is often possible by menstrual history or can be confirmed. (merckmanuals.com)
Differential diagnosis3
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary, the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test and the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test are the main tests for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome. (scielo.br)
  • Newell-Price J, Trainer P, Besser M, Grossman A. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and pseudo-Cushing's states. (scielo.br)
  • The differential diagnosis includes rare ectopic secretion of hCG by a choriocarcinoma or bronchogenic carcinoma. (mhmedical.com)
Signs1
  • Most of the signs and symptoms are nonspecific and common in the general population, making a diagnosis often challenging. (karger.com)
Terminal hair1
  • Hirsutism is a clinical diagnosis of excessive androgenic, terminal hair growth. (wikipedia.org)
Exclusion1
  • Is a diagnosis of exclusion and thought to be related to disorders in peripheral androgen activity. (patient.info)
Etiologic2
Obesity1
Hypothyroidism1
Cortisol1
  • Hirsutism caused by CAH is due to 1 of 3 cortisol biosynthetic defects, ie, 21-hydroxylase deficiency, 3 3 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, or 11-β -hydroxylase deficiency. (medscape.com)
Disorder1
  • The initial task in the evaluation of hirsutism via the physical examination is to quantitate the disorder. (medscape.com)
Facial and body hair1
  • Hirsutism is a condition in which unwanted, excessive facial and body hair growth occurs in females. (massgeneral.org)
Minimal2
Systemic1
Evaluation2
  • The Ferriman-Gallwey score is used in evaluation of hirsutism. (patient.info)
  • The most important goal in the clinical evaluation of a patient with hirsutism is to rule out significant underlying disease. (medscape.com)
Testicular1
  • The pathologic diagnosis was a testicular adult granulosa cell tumor. (bvsalud.org)
Hair growth2
  • Hirsutism, unwanted hair growth, is a common and distressing condition that, although often thought to be a cosmetic problem, significantly affects psychologic well-being. (mhmedical.com)
  • One method of evaluating hirsutism is the Ferriman-Gallwey Score which gives a score based on the amount and location of hair growth. (wikipedia.org)
Thyroid1
Patients2
  • In many patients, hirsutism can be controlled just with laser, without using any drugs. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this article is to provide information on the early detection and establishment of a proper diagnosis of Cushing's disease, recommending follow-up of these patients at experienced referral centers. (scielo.br)