AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Glucose Transporter Type 2Glucose Transporter Type 4Glucose Transporter Type 1Monosaccharide Transport ProteinsGlucose Transporter Type 3GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucose Transporter Type 5Vesicular Monoamine Transport ProteinsDiabetes MellitusExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3InsulinTetrabenazineDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsGlutamate Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsGlucose Transport Proteins, FacilitativeBlood GlucoseSarcosineBiological TransportDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalAmino Acid Transport System X-AGDeoxyglucoseVesicular Biogenic Amine Transport ProteinsGlucose Tolerance TestHypoglycemic AgentsCytochalasin B3-O-MethylglucoseDiabetes, GestationalATP-Binding Cassette TransportersMethylglucosidesGlucose IntoleranceSodium-Glucose Transporter 1Muscle ProteinsHemoglobin A, GlycosylatedMembrane Transport ProteinsGlutamic AcidRisk FactorsIsofluraneIslets of LangerhansOrganic Anion TransportersPhlorhizinPositron-Emission TomographyHyperglycemiaPhloretinAdipose TissueCell MembraneInsulin ResistanceSodium-Glucose Transport ProteinsRNA, MessengerBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringObesityAdipocytesCarrier ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataDiabetic NephropathiesFastingTime FactorsHypoglycemiaDiabetic AngiopathiesKineticsStreptozocinDiabetic NeuropathiesMonocarboxylic Acid TransportersInsulin-Secreting CellsSymportersDiabetic RetinopathyPropylaminesHexokinaseMuscle, SkeletalGlycogenAmino Acid SequencePrevalenceRats, Sprague-DawleyCells, CulturedGene Expression RegulationPrediabetic StatePregnancy in DiabeticsBlotting, WesternMetforminBody Mass IndexHexosesGlucose OxidaseC-PeptideGlucagonRats, WistarLiverBiological Transport, ActivePregnancyDiabetic KetoacidosisGlycolysisAffinity LabelsSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsCase-Control StudiesBody WeightGlucokinaseHypertensionDopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2
InhibitorsMetabolismT2DMSGLT2Insulin secretionSecretionObesityInhibitorComplicationsPlasma glucoseGLUT1SodiumHepatic glucose production2022GLUT4HomeostasisHypertensionHypoglycemiaProtein2021Peripheral1000 mgFacilitativeHyperglycemiaExpression of glucose transporter2018PrevalencePatients with type 2 diabetEnhances glucose uptakeRenal threshold for glucoseDiabetic patientsGlycemic ControlCardiovascular DiseasesMechanismsPostprandial glucosePharmacology2023EfficacyPhysiologicalGlycated hemoglobin2002ClinicalEmpagliflozinMetabolic Syndrome2019KidneyAutoimmuneChronicGLUTEnzymeFlavonoidsSerumSGLTAdipocytesLiver
Inhibitors27
  • As indications for sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are expanding, a growing number of older adults have become candidates for treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, along with increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab, the incidence of immune-related adverse events, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, has become a serious problem. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical course after immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment initiation for type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with nivolumab after second SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, Japan. (cdc.gov)
  • To evaluate the evidence of effectiveness and safety of sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors type 2 (iSGLT2) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (revistaendocrino.org)
  • In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are overweight or obese, antidiabetic medications that have additional actions to promote weight loss (such as glucagonlike peptide-1 [GLP-1] analogs or sodium-glucose-linked transporter-2 [SGLT-2] inhibitors) are suggested, in addition to the first-line agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, metformin. (medscape.com)
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers, rather than beta-adrenergic blockers, should be considered as first-line therapy for hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are obese. (medscape.com)
  • Sodiumglucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have demonstrated significant risk reduction in important clinical outcomes in both conditions and should be utilized as foundational therapy to simultaneously target these two diseases. (cjgim.ca)
  • SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. (cjgim.ca)
  • SGLT2 inhibitors as adjunctive therapy for type 1 diabetes: balancing benefits and risks. (cjgim.ca)
  • 12. Liu XY, Zhang N, Chen R, Zhao JG, Yu P. Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for 1 to 2 years. (cjgim.ca)
  • Currently conducting research on sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and adverse event identification and mitigation, continuous glucose monitoring in primary care, and on clinical outcomes related to the management of patients with diabetes and heart failure. (midwestern.edu)
  • Van Dril E, Schumacher C. Considerations for best practices related to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and serum potassium levels. (midwestern.edu)
  • Of these, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists represent novel pharmacological agents that are included in the pharmacotherapy of patients with preserved or reduced systolic left ventricular function in heart failure, arterial hypertension, as well as in patients who are at increased risk of cardiovascular events. (escardio.org)
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are agents that reduce the level of blood glucose in these patients. (escardio.org)
  • In the clinical trials conducted thus far, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors was shown to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 DM, have benefit in treatment of HF, either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction of the left ventricle. (escardio.org)
  • The selectivity of tofogliflozin toward human SGLT2 versus human SGLT1, SGLT6, and sodium/myo-inositol transporter 1 was the highest among the tested SGLT2 inhibitors under clinical development. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), which is specifically expressed on the apical side of proximal tubular cells, is involved in the reabsorption of most of the glucose filtered by the glomeruli, and its inhibitors are gaining publicity as potent antihyperglycemic drugs. (go.jp)
  • In some clinical trials, SGLT2 inhibitors exerted cardiovascular and kidney protective effects, which appeared to be partly independent of the original glucose-lowering effect. (go.jp)
  • SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus currently in phase III studies. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • 5,6 Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are well tolerated, but are merely weight neutral. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • SGLT2 inhibitors represent a novel 'glucuretic' therapeutic strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and are currently in phase III trials. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • This review summarizes the clinical BP-lowering data presented in major CV and kidney outcome trials for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, as well as smaller dedicated BP trials in high-risk individuals with and without diabetes. (nih.gov)
  • Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4I) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2I) are various other exciting choices, as an add-on to insulin therapy mainly because they are dental drugs , nor have any intrinsic potential of hypoglycemia. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Type 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2 Inhibitors) initially entered the market to treat hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), however the discovery of the cardiovascular benefits in patients with HF, regardless of the presence or absence of T2DM positioned it as a new pillar in clinical management. (iberoamjmed.com)
  • Clinicians should be aware of the occurrence of DKA in patients prescribed sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. (lww.com)
  • Can you explain sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors? (medscape.com)
  • glucosidase inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, bromocriptine, and bile acid sequestrants. (cdc.gov)
Metabolism16
  • Glucose is removed from ASL in proximal airways via facilitative glucose transporters, down a concentration gradient generated by intracellular glucose metabolism. (ersjournals.com)
  • Glucose removal is determined by cellular glucose uptake and metabolism ( fig. 1 ) [ 4 , 12 - 14 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • In this study, we examined AA effects on metabolism in wild-type (WT) mice and GLUT10 G128E mice fed with a normal diet (CD) or HFD, as we previously showed that GLUT10 G128E mice are highly sensitive to HFD-induced T2DM 9 . (researchsquare.com)
  • Cell Metabolism, 5(4), 237252. (sciencebiology.org)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive metabolic disease characterized by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and peripheral insulin resistance, leading to defects in glucose metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Accumulated evidence from genetic animal models suggests that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, has a key role in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. (nature.com)
  • The brain modulates various aspects of metabolism, such as food intake, energy expenditure, insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and glucose/fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. (nature.com)
  • Here we comprehensively review the above topics, discussing the main findings related to the role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. (nature.com)
  • In this review, we summarize current knowledge about vitamin D metabolism in general, its role in diabetes mellitus (mainly type 2) and diabetic complications (mainly diabetic kidney disease), and potential therapeutic perspectives including vitamin D signalling as a druggable target. (karger.com)
  • Due to the metabolism of Finger blood sugar test alcohol glucose will be turned into pyruvate and Blood Sugar Levels Normal blood glucose levels What Is A Normal Blood Sugar will drop. (avidreadery.com)
  • The aim of this review was to summarize and discuss current knowledge on the impact of dietary fibre as modulator of the relationship between glucose metabolism and microbiota composition in humans. (springer.com)
  • More specifically, we analysed evidence from observational studies and randomized nutritional intervention investigating the relationship between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and glucose metabolism. (springer.com)
  • Indeed, it may influence multiple physiological mechanisms related to human health, i.e. synthesis of micronutrients, defence against pathogens, regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and immune function [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
  • Therefore, in this review, we summarized current evidence from observational and intervention studies performed in humans investigating the relationship between the composition of the gut microbiota, concentration of SCFA and glucose metabolism. (springer.com)
  • Glucose-6-phosphate is an intermediate in glycogen synthesis and glucose metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Association of the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 rs1746661 single nucleotide polymorphism with reduced brain glucose metabolism in elderly humans. (cdc.gov)
T2DM12
  • The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is highly influenced by complex interactions between genetic and environmental (dietary and lifestyle) factors. (researchsquare.com)
  • We have previously showed that genetic polymorphisms in glucose transporter 10 (GLUT10) gene are associated with a T2DM intermediate phenotype in non-diabetic population, and GLUT10 G128E mice (carrying human orthologous GLUT10 G128E variant) are highly sensitive to HFD-induced metabolic dysregulation. (researchsquare.com)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major medical problem worldwide, and its development is highly affected by complex interactions between genetic and environmental (dietary and lifestyle) factors 1 . (researchsquare.com)
  • Obesity is frequently associated with WAT inflammation, which contributes to further ectopic fat accumulation and finally T2DM 5 . (researchsquare.com)
  • The risk of cancers appears to be increased in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • A comprehensive meta-analysis has concluded that the presence of T2DM is associated with approximately 10% increase of the risk to develop cancer ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Medication for T2DM mainly focuses on lowering blood glucose and treating affected organs. (sciencebiology.org)
  • Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), as an adipocyte secreted cytokine, was recently found to be inversely correlated with expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in insulin resistance (IR) state and to have an intimate relationship with IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (nih.gov)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the common metabolic diseases in the world. (frontiersin.org)
  • To date, T2DM still cannot be cured, and its intervention measures mainly focus on glucose control as well as the prevention and treatment of related complications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease, which affects many organs besides the pancreas such as the kidney, liver, brain and eye. (edu.iq)
  • Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are also more common across type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. (karger.com)
SGLT212
  • Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is the predominant mediator of renal glucose reabsorption and is an emerging molecular target for the treatment of diabetes. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that tofogliflozin inhibits SGLT2 in a specific manner, lowers blood glucose levels by increasing renal glucose clearance, and improves pathological conditions of type 2 diabetes with a low hypoglycemic potential. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Approximately 10% of renal glucose re-absorption occurs via SGLT1, and the remaining 90% occurs via SGLT2, which is found in the early proximal tubule. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • Phlorizin, a bitter white glycoside isolated from apple tree bark by French chemists in 1835, is a naturally occurring inhibitor of both SGLT1 and SGLT2 and was used for the treatment of diabetes in the pre-insulin era. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • SGLT2, a high-capacity, low-affinity transporter of glucose and sodium is found in high concentration at the brush border membrane of the S1 and S2 segment of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • SGLT2 binds to sodium and glucose in the filtrate and these compounds are translocated across the apical cell membrane, an active process driven by the electrochemical sodium gradient between tubular filtrate and the cell. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • Empagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, removes excess glucose through the urine by blocking glucose re-absorption in the kidney. (centerwatch.com)
  • Synjardy is a combination of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor and metformin, a biguanide. (centerwatch.com)
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) is the predominant transporter responsible for reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate back into the circulation. (centerwatch.com)
  • By inhibiting SGLT2, empagliflozin reduces renal reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion. (centerwatch.com)
  • Los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (SGLT2) ingresaron inicialmente al mercado para tratar la hiperglucemia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2), sin embargo, el descubrimiento de los beneficios cardiovasculares en pacientes con IC, independientemente de la presencia o ausencia de DMT2, lo posicionó como un nuevo pilar en manejo clínico. (iberoamjmed.com)
  • For example, the use of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor combined with a ketogenic/low-carbohydrate diet increases the risk for euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis . (medscape.com)
Insulin secretion7
  • Further works by [8] have established the fact that Zn transporter (ZnT8) is a key protein for the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic Beta-cells. (scirp.org)
  • Furthermore, no interaction with tofogliflozin was observed in any of a battery of tests examining glucose-related physiological processes, such as glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, glycogen synthesis, hepatic glucose production, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and glucosidase reactions. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Variants within the calpain-10 gene on chromosome 2q37 (NIDDM1) and relationships to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and impaired acute insulin secretion among Scandinavian Caucasians. (uchicago.edu)
  • Another predictive test, called an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), evaluates "first phase" insulin secretion. (ucsf.edu)
  • When someone has a low first phase insulin secretion and two or more antibody tests are positive, there is at least a 90% risk of developing clinical diabetes within the next few years. (ucsf.edu)
  • Clinical studies of subjects with the different forms of MODY indicate that each is associated with a different defect in the normal pattern of glucose stimulated insulin secretion. (scirp.org)
  • Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Diabetes mellitus is impaired insulin secretion and variable degrees of peripheral insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia. (msdmanuals.com)
Secretion2
  • The synthesis, secretion, and action of insulin are dependent on zinc and the transporters that make this ion available to cellular processes. (hindawi.com)
  • Zinc has "mimetic" activity where it is involved in a range of functions including insulin receptor signal transduction, insulin storage, secretion and tissues/organelle distribution, and inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Obesity13
  • Cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking, were studied as well as degree of blood glucose control. (who.int)
  • Moreover, in this common female patient population, there is markedly high prevalence of multiple cardio-metabolic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, which may significantly increase the risk for adverse COVID-19-related outcomes. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Defective crosstalk between the brain and peripheral organs contributes to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. (nature.com)
  • Common polymorphisms of calpain-10 are associated with abdominal obesity in subjects at high risk of type 2 diabetes. (uchicago.edu)
  • Maternal obesity increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which results in fetal overgrowth and long-lasting metabolic dysfunctioning in the offspring. (cuny.edu)
  • Hypertension is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), heart failure, obesity, and diabetes. (nih.gov)
  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease that is largely associated with increased rates of obesity and reduced physical activity [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Some diabetes drugs can also help with related metabolic conditions such as obesity and heart disease . (everydayhealth.com)
  • Which Type Of Diabetes Is Not Associated With Obesity? (avidreadery.com)
  • On the other hand, several studies suggested that diet might influence gut microbiota composition and activity thus modulating the risk of metabolic disease, i.e. obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • In particular, animal studies support a causal role between the composition of the gut microbiota and development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). (springer.com)
  • Most individuals with T2D struggle with overweight and obesity, so it is important to recognize the effects obesity management has on optimizing glucose regulation . (medscape.com)
  • Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 2023 8 16 2523-2535. (cdc.gov)
Inhibitor4
  • We report a patient who had immune checkpoint inhibitor‒associated type 1 diabetes mellitus that developed after a second mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • this form of diabetes has been called immune checkpoint inhibitor‒induced diabetes mellitus ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • We report a patient who had checkpoint inhibitor‒induced diabetes mellitus develop after he received a second mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • Schumacher C. Severe hypotension with concomitant sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor therapy in a patient with heart failure reduced ejection fraction: a case report. (midwestern.edu)
Complications13
  • Streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used to study the pathology of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications in most strains of rodents [15]. (researchgate.net)
  • Both types have the same long-term complications. (scirp.org)
  • Misher A, Rosselli J, Schumacher C, See M. The Role of the Diabetes Care and Education Specialist in Caring for Diabetes Complications and Common Comorbid Conditions. (midwestern.edu)
  • In youth-onset type 2 DM, complications appear early and develop rapidly [1,2]. (escardio.org)
  • Due to hyperglycemia at long periods and uncontrolled on diabetes with presence of other risk factors, diabetes complications could occurr. (edu.iq)
  • Diabetes complications include microvascular and macrovascular complications that target the kidneys. (edu.iq)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for developing both microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease). (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • Yet, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are very common across the globe and are connected to many pathophysiological states, for example, diabetes mellitus, allergies, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy complications, and recently have also been associated with worse COVID-19 clinical outcomes. (karger.com)
  • Vitamin D deficiency also contributes to many extraskeletal outcomes, including higher risk of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, allergy, autoimmunity, pregnancy complications, and many other pathologies. (karger.com)
  • The rising global burden of diabetes and its complications: estimates and projections to the year 2010. (scielo.br)
  • The latest updates about care for type 2 diabetes can be found in the American Diabetes Association's 2023 Standards of Medical Care , which lists treatment guidelines related to diabetes, complications, new technology, and more. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Early identification and treatment of risks associated with diabetes are key to preventing complications and optimizing quality of life. (medscape.com)
  • Complications of Diabetes Mellitus In patients with diabetes mellitus, years of poorly controlled hyperglycemia lead to multiple, primarily vascular, complications that affect small vessels (microvascular), large vessels (macrovascular). (msdmanuals.com)
Plasma glucose8
GLUT14
  • These include a fungal phosphate transporter PiPT, plant nitrate transporter NRT1.1, and the human glucose transporter GLUT1. (wikipedia.org)
  • At E12.5, BS prevented fetal and placental overgrowth and downregulated glucose and fatty acid transporters (Glut1 and Fatp1) and the growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) and its receptor Igf1r in the placenta of HF, glucose-intolerant dams (P (cuny.edu)
  • The erythrocyte/brain hexose facilitator, glucose transporter-1, Gtr1 or Glut1. (lbl.gov)
  • 2001) Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the glucose transporter gene GLUT1 in maturity-onset diabetes of the young. (scirp.org)
Sodium5
  • In the distal lung, glucose transport via sodium-coupled glucose transporters predominates. (ersjournals.com)
  • Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Les inhibiteurs du cotransporteur sodium-glucose de type 2 montrent une diminution importante des risques relatifs aux résultats cliniques importants dans les deux affections et devraient être utilisés comme traitement de base pour cibler les deux maladies à la fois. (cjgim.ca)
  • Almost all of this is re-absorbed into the circulation via sodium glucose co-transporters (SGLTs). (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • SGLTs transport sodium and glucose into cells using the sodium gradient created by sodium/potassium ATPase pumps at the basolateral cell membranes. (bjcardio.co.uk)
Hepatic glucose production1
20221
GLUT411
Homeostasis7
  • Understanding of mechanisms underlying lung glucose homeostasis could identify new therapeutic targets for control of ASL glucose and prevention and treatment of lung infection. (ersjournals.com)
  • Diabetes is known to affect zinc homeostasis in variety of ways, although it is the hyperglycemia rather than any primary lesion related to diabetes, which is responsible for the increased urinary loss and decrease in total body zinc. (scirp.org)
  • In recent years, studies have suggested that antidiabetic medications may grant renoprotection through a mechanism other than affecting glucose homeostasis [1,2]. (escardio.org)
  • Highly coordinated interactions between the brain and peripheral metabolic organs are critical for the maintenance of energy and glucose homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Recent studies have highlighted zinc's dynamic role as a "cellular second messenger" in the control of insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) a magic enzyme: it's role in diabetes mellitus and glucose homeostasis, interactions with fluroquionlones. (scielo.br)
  • Therefore, it is the need of the day to properly understand functions and mechanisms of GSK-3, especially its role in glucose homeostasis via effects on glycogen synthase. (scielo.br)
Hypertension2
  • She currently works in a primary care clinic to provide comprehensive medication management for a variety of internal medicine disease states, including but not limited to, heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. (midwestern.edu)
  • Dominant negative mutations in human PPARγ associated with severe insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. (scielo.br)
Hypoglycemia4
Protein5
  • When neural activity is reduced, RA synthesis is stimulated, and RA signalling via RARα derepresses the translation of proteins and synergistically with the fragile X mental retardation protein allows the synthesis of Ca2+ permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors that re-establish normal levels of synaptic activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Calpain-10 gene and protein expression in human skeletal muscle: effect of acute lipid-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. (uchicago.edu)
  • The glucose/fructose:H+ symporter, STP13 (sugar transport protein 13). (lbl.gov)
  • GSD type 1b is a similar condition with a defective G-6-P transporter protein. (medscape.com)
  • The G-6-P transporter protein is found in the liver and kidney. (medscape.com)
20212
  • 2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan Dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa Di Indonesia. (sciencebiology.org)
  • Australia recorded 4,535 Availability Of Data And Materials deaths Why do blood sugar levels yoyo from diabetes between January and November 2021 104 higher Diabetes In Control A Free Weekly Diabetes Newsletter For Medical Professionals News And Information For Medical Professionals than were averaged from 2015 to 2019. (avidreadery.com)
Peripheral2
  • In insulin-dependent peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose, and liver, zinc ions play a role in insulin-induced glucose transport and glycemic control [ 9 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • An 82-year-old man with past medical history of CAD, COPD, diabetes mellitus type 2, peripheral vascular disease, moderate aortic stenosis, recent nSTEMI (1 month back). (mhmedical.com)
1000 mg1
Facilitative2
  • The SLC2A10 gene encodes the GLUT10 facilitative glucose transporter, which is expressed in high amounts in liver and pancreas. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The recently cloned SLC2A10 gene encodes a 541 amino acid putative facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT10) of the GLUT family class III with between 30 and 34% amino acid homology with the known GLUT proteins ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Hyperglycemia4
Expression of glucose transporter1
20181
  • George, G. and Friendgood, O. (2018) Biochemical Assessment of the Relationship of Zinc and Glucose Concentration in Diabetics. (scirp.org)
Prevalence7
Patients with type 2 diabet6
  • In obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who require insulin therapy, at least one of the following is suggested: metformin, pramlintide, or GLP-1 agonists to mitigate associated weight gain due to insulin. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this study is to predict early fibrosis of the renal glomeruli and tubules by evaluating the levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme -2(ACE-2), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and some relevant biochemical factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. (edu.iq)
  • A multi-pronged approach built on a foundation of strong educational and behavioral support and psychosocial care is essential to help improve the health of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). (medscape.com)
  • Association of Met420del Variant of Metformin Transporter Gene SLC22A1 with Metformin Treatment Response in Ethiopian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are often initially treated with only diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Insulin is also used in the management of many patients with type 2 diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)
Enhances glucose uptake2
  • DIM, a major metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, which is naturally produced in broccoli and cabbage, enhances glucose uptake through the improvement of insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells [13] . (researchgate.net)
  • 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM)-a natural compound produced from indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables-enhances glucose uptake by increasing the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (researchgate.net)
Renal threshold for glucose1
Diabetic patients3
  • The gene was examined in 61 Danish type 2 diabetic patients, and a total of six variants (−27C→T, Ala206Thr, Ala272Ala, IVS2 + 10G→A, IVS4 + 18T→G, and IVS4 + 26G→A) were identified and investigated in an association study, which included 503 type 2 diabetic patients and 510 glucose-tolerant control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Using serum samples of diabetic patients whose glucose concentrations were above the threshold (10.0 mmol/l), spectroscopic methods were used to determine the concentration of glucose and zinc. (scirp.org)
  • 6. Shimabukuro M, Higa N, Oshiro Y, Asahi T, Takasu N. Diagnostic utility of brain-natriuretic peptide for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. (cjgim.ca)
Glycemic Control3
  • Synjardy is specifically indicated an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients >10 years of age with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not adequately controlled on a regimen containing empagliflozin or metformin, or in patients already being treated with both empagliflozin and metformin. (centerwatch.com)
  • The aim of the study was to describe recent medication patterns and changes in medication patterns and glycemic control in adolescents and young adults with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). (cdc.gov)
  • Using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of treatments for adolescents and young adults with incident T2D in two periods (2002–2005 vs. 2008/2012), and a longitudinal analysis of medications and glycemic control for a subset with baseline and follow-up visits. (cdc.gov)
Cardiovascular Diseases1
  • Data-driven subgroups of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and the relationship with cardiovascular diseases at genetic and clinical levels in Chinese adults. (cdc.gov)
Mechanisms7
  • Our understanding of the role of glucose transport in the lung and the mechanisms that regulate glucose movement across the human lung epithelium lags far behind that of the gut and kidney. (ersjournals.com)
  • Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
  • This review summarized the associations between various types of diabetes and cancers and updated available evidence of underlying mechanisms between diabetes and cancers. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, the underlying mechanisms between various types of diabetes and cancers have not yet been summarized. (frontiersin.org)
  • Grisanti LA. Diabetes and arrhythmias: pathophysiology, mechanisms and therapeutic outcomes. (edu.iq)
  • Accordingly, mechanisms that contribute to dysfunctional zinc signaling are suggested to be associated with metabolic disease states including cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes. (hindawi.com)
  • Fajans, S.S. and Bell, G.I. (2001) Molecular mechanisms and clinical pathophysiology of maturity onset diabetes of the young. (scirp.org)
Postprandial glucose1
Pharmacology1
  • With the well-documented effect diabetes mellitus has on the cardiovascular system, current cardiovascular pharmacology places special emphasis on the use of agents developed specifically for its treatment. (escardio.org)
20233
  • The American Diabetes Association (ADA) updated its 2023 Standards of Care (SOC) to include a multimodal approach, emphasizing the importance of supporting weight loss, good sleep health, and physical activity. (medscape.com)
  • Diabetes & metabolic syndrome 2023 9 17 (9): 102850. (cdc.gov)
  • Brain communications 2023 8 5 (4): fcad216. (cdc.gov)
Efficacy4
  • Jiao H, Hu G, Gu D, Ni X. Having a promising efficacy on type II diabetes, it's definitely a green tea time. (voedingsgeneeskunde.nl)
  • Both Cin and Ber display an exciting anti-diabetic efficacy in this study and may be of great value for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (nih.gov)
  • However, safety concerns remain, including consequences of an enhanced glucose load in the lower nephron, leg amputation, bone fractures, and therapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. (go.jp)
  • The ADA/European Association for the Study of Diabetes T2D algorithm (included in the ADA SOC) emphasizes the use of medications with high dual efficacy in lowering glucose and promoting weight loss, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide . (medscape.com)
Physiological2
Glycated hemoglobin1
20021
  • Mclntyre, E.A. and Walker, M. (2002) Genetics of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance: Knowledge from human studies. (scirp.org)
Clinical7
  • We provide an overview of the demonstrated clinical effects of these novel agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus when it is diagnosed together with a cardiovascular disorder. (escardio.org)
  • In 2019, this is now recognized to be an oversimplification as HDL-C measurements do not necessarily reflect either the overall abundance of HDL particles, the distribution of HDL subspecies,4 or RCT capacity.5 Additionally, data from human genetic studies6 and a host of negative HDL-raising clinical trials have led to much controversy over the HDL hypothesis. (skanestugan.se)
  • Objective: To investigate the mutation pattern in the different transcription factor genes with special reference to HNF1-alpha which are highly penetrant with 63% mutation carriers manifesting clinical diabetes by the age of 25 years. (scirp.org)
  • Hattersley, A.T. (1998) Maturity-onset diabetes of the young: Clinical heterogeneity explained by genetic heterogeneity. (scirp.org)
  • In a 2-year study of 7 patients with GSD type Ib, Melis et al examined whether the administration of vitamin E could improve or prevent the clinical manifestations of neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • I'm Dr. Anne Peters, Director of the Clinical Diabetes Program at the University of Southern California. (medscape.com)
  • I am joined today by Dr. Julio Rosenstock, Director, Dallas Diabetes and Endocrine Center and Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. (medscape.com)
Empagliflozin1
Metabolic Syndrome1
20191
Kidney3
  • Hence, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is highly expressed in kidney tissue [ 3-5 ]. (karger.com)
  • Thus, Dr. Dungan explains, you may need to have your treatment plan assessed regularly with A1C tests - which measure your average blood sugar level over the previous three to five months - every six months or every three months if your blood sugar levels aren't on target, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases . (everydayhealth.com)
  • We have glucose transporters in the kidney and so the kidney is very good at reabsorbing glucose. (medscape.com)
Autoimmune4
  • The role of zinc deficiency which could at least potentially exacerbate the cytokinine-induced damage in autoimmune attack which destroys the islet cell in type 1 diabetes is still not clear. (scirp.org)
  • DM develops due to either a lack of insulin production (type 1 DM), as a result of destroyed beta cells of pancreas due to an autoimmune reaction, or resistance to insulin (type 2 DM), where insulin is being produced at least in the early stages of disease because beta cells are still present, but tissues do not respond to insulin [1]. (escardio.org)
  • b) latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA), usually occurring in men over 40 years of age, in whom a progressive autoimmune process destroys the beta cells of pancreas, which is similar to type 1 DM. (escardio.org)
  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component that has been associated with several genetic loci. (geneticsmr.org)
Chronic2
  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined as a group of metabolic diseases that are characterised by a tendency for chronic hyperglycaemia [1]. (escardio.org)
  • Drug-induced diabetes may occur due to different drugs being taken longer term and contributing to the development of chronic hyperglycaemia [1,2]. (escardio.org)
GLUT1
Enzyme7
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme-2, albumin to creatinine ratio, connective tissue growth factor, Diabetes Mellitus. (edu.iq)
  • 5. Mention the enzyme defective in galactosemia. (firstranker.in)
  • Disturbances in the action of GSK-3 enzyme may leads to various disease conditions that include insulin resistance leading to diabetes, neurological disease like Alzheimer's disease and cancer. (scielo.br)
  • MODY can result from mutations in any one of the six different genes, one of which encodes the glycolytic enzyme Glucokinase, associated with MO-DY2 and the other five encode transcription factors HNF4-alpha associated with MODY 1, HNF1-alpha associated with MODY 3, IPF with MODY 4, HNF1-Beta with MODY 5 and NeuroD1 with MO-DY6. (scirp.org)
  • Methods: In our study enzyme amplification (PCR) of the 10 target exons of the said gene with simultaneous mutation detection in them by PCR-SSCP (Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism) reaction analysis method was attempted by screening of exon 1 - 10 with respect to normal healthy controls without Diabetes Mellitus. (scirp.org)
  • Although at least 14 unique GSDs are discussed in the literature, the 4 that cause clinically significant muscle weakness are Pompe disease ( GSD type II , acid maltase deficiency), Cori disease ( GSD type III , debranching enzyme deficiency), McArdle disease ( GSD type V , myophosphorylase deficiency), and Tarui disease ( GSD type VII , phosphofructokinase deficiency). (medscape.com)
  • Glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P) is the specific enzyme deficiency in Von Gierke disease. (medscape.com)
Flavonoids1
Serum2
  • However, the codon 206 polymorphism may be related to the interindividual variation in fasting and oral glucose-induced serum insulin levels. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Objective Indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and its metabolite 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) reduce body mass and serum glucose levels in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice. (researchgate.net)
SGLT1
  • However, much subsequent research in this area was focused on the role of pulmonary SGLT transport as a modifier of lung liquid volume [ 3 , 4 ], and the effects of starvation and diabetes on glucose transport [ 1 , 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Adipocytes1
Liver2