• Outcomes of interest included disease occurrence, culling, mortality, serum concentration of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), milk yield (kg/d) and milk components, resumption of cyclicity, time-to-first artificial insemination (AI), conception at first AI, and conception within 150 DIM. (researchsquare.com)
  • A fat tolerance test evidenced delayed plasma triglyceride clearance and greater transient availability of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) during the post-prandial state in the apoCIII mice plasma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transgenic mice overexpressing human apoCIII have marked elevated TG and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) exceeding a certain threshold indicate an increased risk for developing fatty liver disease and ketosis, respectively. (agrimprove.com)
  • It was possible to detect the peak of cortisol, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), ß-hydroxibutyrate (BHB), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) on delivery and week +1. (ufrgs.br)
  • Moreover, some of these long-term effects are sexually dimorphic.Objective and hypotheses: We aimed to determine how NON affects body weight (BW), body composition and triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels. (eurospe.org)
  • To confirm post-partum negative energy balance, NEFA (non esterified fatty acids) and IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-I) were determined in the plasma while progesterone was evaluated in the milk whey to characterize when the cyclic ovaric activity restarted. (uniud.it)
  • Generally, blood metabolite and hormone concentrations were different over the same time interval as RT, with circulating glucose and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations being elevated to the greatest extent in ewes shorn by standard comb. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Across the 3 wk after calving, cows on the SHORT treatment had higher blood non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glucose, and at 1 wk after calving, these cows had a higher liver TAG than cows on the CONV treatment. (bioone.org)
  • Development of a straightforward strategy for simultaneous quantitative analysis of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) species in biofluids is a challenging task because of the extreme complexity of fatty acid distribution in biological matrices. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • In the obese, circulating free fatty acids (or non-esterified fatty acids), NEFA, are often elevated. (blogspot.com)
  • This study sought to determine if this lipotoxicity is due to excessive release of NEFA from adipose tissue or from impaired trapping by adipose tissue of the NEFA released from dietary fat. (blogspot.com)
  • The findings from Chapter 6 suggested that exercise related changes in plasma acylated ghrelin concentration are negatively correlated to those in circulating levels of glucose and insulin, but not those in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or triglyceride. (ljmu.ac.uk)
  • Cows fed the W20 diet had a lower plasma concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), cholesterol, triglyceride, and total antioxidative capacity (TAC), and a higher plasma concentration of glucose, insulin, malonaldehyde (MDA), super oxygen dehydrogenises (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) than cows fed the W0 diet. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A ) Blood glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured in 6- to 7-month-old male Ptpmt1 fl/fl /Ckm-Cre + and Ptpmt1 +/+ /Ckm-Cre + mice ( n = 4/genotype). (elifesciences.org)
  • Insulin resistance (IR), i.e., whole-body decreased glucose uptake in response to physiological insulin levels, determines impaired glucose homeostasis and it is recognized as cardinal trigger of T2D and cardiovascular disease in both adults and children. (e-apem.org)
  • Blood insulin and total protein decreased with the age of steers, but retinol, aspartic acid transaminase (AST), glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride increased. (animbiosci.org)
  • Plasma glucose concentrations decreased, and plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations increased, for cows on treatments 2 and 3 compared with cows on treatment 1. (agri.gov.il)
  • We performed intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and measured CD36, a major fatty acid translocase, and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) in adipocytes from both groups of mice. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • We aimed to determine whether metformin treatment improves insulin-mediated glucose disposal and vascular insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant rats. (edu.au)
  • However, serum triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid levels were higher in Vim −/− mice than in wild-type mice. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • Carriers of the minor allele of rs290481 exhibited an altered lipid profile, with increased plasma levels of apolipoprotein B, non-esterified fatty acids, cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in triglyceride rich lipoproteins, and LDL cholesterol. (reading.ac.uk)
  • Time of day determines postexercise metabolism in mouse adipose tissue " by Pendergrast, Logan A. et al. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonists clofibrate and fish oil on hepatic fatty acid metabolism in weaned dairy calves. (oregonstate.edu)
  • The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether partitioning of fatty acid metabolism by liver slices from weaned Holstein calves treated with PPARalpha agonists in vivo is altered compared with partitioning by liver slices from control (untreated) calves, and 2) to measure in vitro metabolism of palmitate and oleate by bovine liver slices and relate these to mRNA abundance for key enzymes. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Liver slices were incubated for 2, 4, and 8 h to determine in vitro conversion of [1-(14)C] palmitate and [1-(14)C] oleate to CO(2), acid-soluble products, esterified products, and total metabolism. (oregonstate.edu)
  • We investigated androgen receptor inhibition on fat metabolism and long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) transport proteins in skeletal muscle during exercise. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Experiment 4 determined the effect of shearing by standard comb or cover comb on heat production and metabolism of non-pregnant, non-lactating sheep (8 pairs) in calorimetry chambers over 10 days post-shearing. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Insulin Regulation of Regional Free Fatty Acid Metabolism Alternate Title: Why I had a fatter ass before low carb? (blogspot.com)
  • Finally, body fat composition and the expression of various factors involved in lipid metabolism were determined. (unige.ch)
  • WAT can sense the body's energy status, and respond appropriately, either by storing fuel, in the form of triacylglycerides, or by releasing it as glycerol and fatty acids, for ultimate delivery to organs in need. (nature.com)
  • Triacylglycerol consists of three fatty acids bound to a glycerol molecule and is considered the most neutral and harmless type of intracellular lipid storage. (wikipedia.org)
  • equilibrium and kinetic data of the ion exchange of sodium from glycerol-water mixtures on the strong acid resin Amberlite-252 were obtained. (cftrpathway.com)
  • Basic parameters for the design of ion exchange units for the purification of the crude glycerol selleck chemical phase from biodiesel production have been determined. (cftrpathway.com)
  • However, the lower energy content of nonstructural carbohydrates compared to fats and a higher risk of rumen acidosis represents a challenge to satisfy the ruminal fermentation that leads to adequate volatile fatty acids (VFA) synthesis and lactogenesis. (researchsquare.com)
  • Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, ammonia, and lactate in rumen fluid, and also concentrations of lactate, beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), urea and insulin in plasma were not affected by treatment. (bioone.org)
  • References range values for plasma folate, RBC folate, milk folate, and plasma HCY concentrations in healthy lactational mares and young growing foals were determined. (avma.org)
  • Metformin treatment of HFD rats reduced fasting insulin and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and lowered body weight and adiposity. (edu.au)
  • An excess of free fatty acids in liver cells plays a role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). (wikipedia.org)
  • In the liver, it is the type of fatty acid, not the quantity, that determines the extent of the lipotoxic effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • In hepatocytes, the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids leads to apoptosis and liver damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • To meet energy needs the body mobilizes its body reserves, which leads to a higher risk for developing metabolic diseases like fatty liver and ketosis. (agrimprove.com)
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) agonists increase fatty acid oxidation in liver of nonruminants. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Body weight, liver weight, liver weight:body weight ratio, blood nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and liver composition were not significantly different among treatments. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Clofibrate increased or tended to increase liver expression of several PPARalpha target genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (e.g. (oregonstate.edu)
  • The effects of dry period management on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and liver triacylglyceride (TAG) were determined in 11 second-parity (PAR 2) and 15 third-parity and older (PAR 3 ) cows. (bioone.org)
  • We developed a novel and convenient method of determining 5alpha-reductase activity using LC/MS. With this method, SPE was shown to inhibit 5alpha-reductase activity in rat liver with an IC(50) of 101 microg/ml. (nih.gov)
  • The platform's capability to maintain long-term viability and functionality of white adipocytes was confirmed by real-time monitoring of fatty acid uptake, by quantification of metabolite release into the effluent media as well as by an intact responsiveness to a therapeutic compound. (nature.com)
  • RESULTS: Equilibrium uptake of sodium ions with the strong acid ion exchanger Amberlite-252 was studied at three temperatures. (cftrpathway.com)
  • Vimentin-null adipocytes showed 41.1% less CD36 on plasma membranes, 27% less uptake of fatty acids, and 50.3% less GLUT4, suggesting defects in intracellular trafficking of these molecules. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • We investigated the associations between gene variants of TCF7L2 and clinical features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) (an entity often preceeding T2DM), and their interaction with non-genetic factors, including plasma saturated fatty acids (SFA) concentration and insulin resistance (IR). (reading.ac.uk)
  • Fatty acid composition of lipid fractions are determined with a prior separation in lipid classes (cholesteryl-esters, triacylglycerols, non-esterified fatty acids and phospholipids). (ugent.be)
  • Alternatively, fatty acids can be converted to lipid intermediates like diacylglycerol, ceramides and fatty acyl-CoAs. (wikipedia.org)
  • We determined the impact of insulin therapy on lipid and inflammatory markers in youth with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. (psu.edu)
  • Methods: Fasting lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, anthropometrics, blood pressure and 10 gene variations of the TCF7L2 gene were determined in 450 subjects with MetS. (reading.ac.uk)
  • In accordance with the research, particular attention is devoted to the analysis of poly-unsaturated fatty acids, branched-chain fatty acids and 18:1 isomers. (ugent.be)
  • Nonetheless, extensive research has shown that, even at low levels of supplementation, fats decrease the DMI, depress ruminal fiber digestion, and are likely to produce fatty acid isomers that cause milk fat depression [18]. (researchsquare.com)
  • If similar effects occur in dairy cattle, enhanced hepatic oxidative capacity could decrease circulating nonesterified fatty acids and hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation in periparturient cows. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Applications of PPARalpha agonists may be of interest to increase the rate of hepatic fatty acid oxidation and decrease triacylglycerol accumulation in periparturient dairy cows. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Thirteen cows, from 2nd to 4th lactation were evaluated weakly from week -2 to week +3 in relation to calving to determine the body condition score (BCS), metabolic and endocrine profile. (ufrgs.br)
  • The apparent digestibility of nutrients was not affected by the dietary treatments, except that the digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) was reduced in cows fed the W20 diet compared with cows fed the W0 and W10 diets, and cows fed the BP10 diet had higher NDF and ADF digestibility than the cows fed the W20 diet. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Researchers are working on treatments that will increase the oxidation of these fatty acids within the heart in order to prevent the lipotoxic effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • ACADVL, ACOX1, CPT1A), whereas fish oil did not significantly affect genes associated with fatty acid oxidation but tended to increase DGAT1. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Click links below to explore KE 1528, Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation, Decreased in tools offered by third parties. (aopwiki.org)
  • Objective -To determine lactate breakpoint of horses and test for effects of training and dietary supplementation with corn oil on that breakpoint. (avma.org)
  • Oligonucleotide primers, designed on the basis of amino acid sequences of 2 tryptic peptides derived from 1 such protein and conserved regions of the C and B genes from members of the repeats in the structural toxin (RTX) family of bacterial toxins, were used to amplify cytotoxin-specific genes from M bovis genomic DNA. (avma.org)
  • An open reading frame encoding a 927-amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 98.8 kd was amplified from M bovis genomic DNA. (avma.org)
  • The affinity constant (Ka) of individual FAs to protein albumin was determined to be 9.2 × 104 to 4.3 × 105 M-1. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The plasma protein binding (PPB%) was calculated and found to be in the range of 98.0-99.7% for different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Olive oil preparation determines the atherosclerotic protection in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Ptpmt1 mRNA levels in EDL, Soleus, and heart tissues were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) ( n = 4 mice/genotype). (elifesciences.org)
  • We previously hypothesized that apoCIII overexpression would compromise fatty acid delivery to adipose tissues and would thus contribute to resistance to diet-induced obesity, similarly to what was described for overexpression of apoCI [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This post discusses: Downregulation of Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Trafficking in Obesity, A Driver for Ectopic Fat Deposition? (blogspot.com)
  • Presented without comment on the content per se: Role of the Adipocyte, Free Fatty Acids, and Ectopic Fat in Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus This is probably the most exhaustively referenced review article I've ever come across on the etiology of MetS and T2 Diabetes and the role of adipose tissue. (blogspot.com)
  • Blood metabolites and hormones were analyzed and the correlation coefficients and regression equations with carcass traits were determined. (animbiosci.org)
  • Accordingly, blood retinol and AST could be biomarkers for determining beef quality and quantity, respectively, prior to slaughter. (animbiosci.org)
  • FBF (forearm blood flow ) responses to ACh, SNP (sodium nitroprusside) and BQ-123 (ET A receptor blocker) were determined in 14 young. (silverchair.com)
  • To determine if a cow should be culled, blood biomarkers can serve as a decision tool. (agrimprove.com)
  • Oils enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids do not seem to behave similarly in protecting against the development of atherosclerosis in animal models, which has been attributed to the presence of soluble phenolic compounds. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Similarly, all the fatty acids except palmitic acid inhibited 5alpha-reductase activity, with IC(50) values of 42.1 to 67.6 microg/ml. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we present a direct immersion solid phase microextraction method coupled to a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry platform (DI-SPME- HPLC-ESI -MS) for determination of unconjugated fatty acids (FA) in fish and human plasma. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The increase in triglycerides and plasma nonesterified fatty acids stabilized after insulin was started, independent of HbA1c. (psu.edu)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate binding affinities of these fatty acids for pharmacologically relevant (alpha(1)-adrenergic, muscarinic and 1,4-DHP) receptors. (nih.gov)
  • The results suggest that lauric acid and oleic acid bind noncompetitively to alpha(1)-adrenergic, muscarinic and 1,4-DHP calcium channel antagonist receptors. (nih.gov)
  • However, endurance athletes also have high IMCL levels despite being highly insulin sensitive, which indicates that not the level of IMCL accumulation per se, but rather the characteristics of this intramyocellular fat determine whether it negatively affects insulin signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 2 olive oils had similar levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and squalene, but they differed in their content of linoleic, phytosterols, tocopherols, triterpenes and waxes, which were particularly enriched in the test olive oil obtained by centrifugation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We routinely analyze fatty acid composition by gas chromatography equipped either with a fused silica capillary column or with a stationary phase of intermediate or high polarity. (ugent.be)
  • Among these, 41 studies were ex- in the release of higher amounts of fatty challenge to Arab governments due to cluded because the samples were not acids into the circulation. (who.int)
  • INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to determine whether during the year 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in children compared to the previous 2 years. (bvsalud.org)
  • Clinicians should be aware of these abnormalities when determining fluid therapy. (avma.org)
  • Hypochloridemic metabolic alkalosis was the most common acid-base disorder. (avma.org)
  • To determine the influence of feeding state on the time-of-day response to exercise, we replicated the experiment in 10-h-fasted early rest phase mice to mimic the early active phase metabolic status. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The study included 56 individuals with obesity, of whom 30 individuals underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and twenty-six underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The study presented in Chapter 6 determined the within-subject correlations between factors that regulate appetite in the post-exercise period. (ljmu.ac.uk)
  • We also determined if resveratrol s effects are diet and sex d. (eurospe.org)
  • Total folate concentration in feed and forage was determined. (avma.org)
  • The most significant contribution induced by surgery was noticed in the concentration level of α-linolenic acid (18:3, ALA), arachidonic acid (20:4, AA), and docosahexanoic acid (22:6, DHA) soon after administration of CPB in all cases. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Soleus ( B ) and EDL ( C ) dissected from 7- to 8-month-old Ptpmt1 fl/fl /Ckm-Cre + and Ptpmt1 +/+ /Ckm-Cre + mice ( n = 4, 8 muscles/genotype) were subjected to length-force relationship tests to determine optimal lengths at which maximal forces were achieved. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our results clearly indicate that the preparation of olive oil is crucial in determining its antiatherosclerotic effect, which extends beyond the presence of phenolic compounds. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Palmitic acid had no effect on specific [(3)H]NMS binding. (nih.gov)
  • We determined if genetic deletion of vimentin, a type 3 intermediate filament, affects obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • In any case, the theoritical form of the distribution could not be determined and it appears that it does not belong to a ny of the classical distributions. (uniud.it)