Destruction of the CDC28/CLB mitotic kinase is not required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in budding yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
It is widely assumed that degradation of mitotic cyclins causes a decrease in mitotic cdc2/CDC28 kinase activity and thereby triggers the metaphase to anaphase transition. (ox.ac.uk)
Two observations made on the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are inconsistent with this scenario: (i) anaphase occurs in the presence of high levels of kinase in cdc15 mutants and (ii) overproduction of a B-type mitotic cyclin causes arrest not in metaphase as previously reported but in telophase. (ox.ac.uk)
During mitosis, cohesion between sisters is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the mitotic spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate. (silverchair.com)
The anaphase promoter complex (APC) is a multiprotein complex - an ubiquitin E3 ubiquitin ligase - involved in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of cell cycle regulatory proteins, and in which we include the destruction of mitotic cyclins during the metaphase-anaphase transition. (fapesp.br)
As a microtubule destabilizing agent, Vincristine stimulates mitotic spindle destruction and microtubule depolymerization at high concentrations. (smpdb.ca)
Progression from metaphase to anaphase is blocked and cells enter a state of mitotic arrest. (smpdb.ca)
For example, cancer drugs can be designed to target certain steps in the mitotic process, such as prophase or metaphase, in order to stop the division of cancer cells. (slbux.com)
Mitosis2
Anaphase (from Ancient Greek ἀνα- (ana-) 'back, backward', and φάσις (phásis) 'appearance') is the stage of mitosis after the process of metaphase, when replicated chromosomes are split and the newly-copied chromosomes (daughter chromatids) are moved to opposite poles of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Kinase destruction is therefore implicated in the exit from mitosis rather than the entry into anaphase. (ox.ac.uk)
Transition3
It begins with the regulated triggering of the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. (wikipedia.org)
At the metaphase-anaphase transition, cohesion is dissolved and sisters segregate to opposite poles via microtubule-dependent movements. (silverchair.com)
Thereby, premature activation of separase is prevented and the metaphase-to-anaphase transition sharpened. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Ubiquitin3
B cyclin is marked with ubiquitin which flags it for destruction by proteasomes, which is required for the function of metaphase cyclin-dependent kinases (M-Cdks). (wikipedia.org)
Silencing of the SAC during metaphase activates the ubiquitin ligase APC/C (anaphase-promoting complex, also known as the cyclosome) and results in the proteasomal destruction of the separase inhibitor securin 1 . (nature.com)
Silencing of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) in metaphase enables the ubiquitin ligase APC/C to mediate the proteasomal destruction of securin (and cyclin B1), thereby activating separase. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Cyclin3
Metaphase ends with the destruction of B cyclin. (wikipedia.org)
6) Upon destruction of this last cyclin B1 in early G1 phase, separase is released from the late Cdk1-cyclin B1-separase complex and triggers centriole disengagement, thereby licensing later centrosome duplication. (uni-bayreuth.de)
In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
Securin3
Anaphase starts when the anaphase promoting complex marks an inhibitory chaperone called securin for destruction by ubiquitylating it. (wikipedia.org)
The destruction of securin unleashes separase which then breaks down cohesin, a protein responsible for holding sister chromatids together. (wikipedia.org)
Thomas C, Wetherall B, Levasseur MD, Harris RJ, Kerridge ST, Higgins JMG, Davies OR, Madgwick S. A prometaphase mechanism of securin destruction is essential for meiotic progression in mouse oocytes . (ncl.ac.uk)
Oocytes1
and the number of metaphase II oocytes on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin treatment (p (bvsalud.org)
Silencing1
8) The AAA-ATPase Trip13 actively disassembles the separase-Sgo2-Mad2 complex upon SAC silencing in metaphase. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Protein1
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy in which monoclonal plasma cells proliferate in bone marrow, resulting in an overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein (M protein), destruction of bone, and displacement of other hematopoietic cell lines. (medscape.com)
Plate1
Once chromosomes are condensed and aligned at the metaphase plate, CDK1 activity is switched off by WEE1- and PKMYT1-mediated phosphorylation to allow sister chromatid separation, chromosome decondensation, reformation of the nuclear envelope and cytokinesis. (arigobio.cn)
The behaviour of esp1 mutants shows in addition that kinase destruction can occur in the absence of anaphase completion. (ox.ac.uk)
Complex1
In vertebrates, this drop is mediated partly by Aurora B ubiquitination via the anaphase marketing complex, and subsequent destruction by the proteasome. (smadpathway.com)
Cells2
In vertebrate cells, sister chromatids are associated along their length from their formation in S phase through metaphase. (silverchair.com)
By understanding how cancer cells grow, divide, and replicate, scientists have been able to better identify, diagnose, and target cancer cells for destruction. (slbux.com)
Activity1
The execution of anaphase and the destruction of CDC28 kinase activity therefore appear to take place independently of one another. (ox.ac.uk)