• The 9.2.27 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to CSPG4 (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • CSPG4 is also known as MCSP (melanoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) and NG2 (neural/glial antigen 2). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Heparan sulfate proteoglycan in Alzheimer's disease: aberrant expression and functions in molecular pathways related to amyloid-β metabolism. (uu.se)
  • Skin decorin (DCN) is an antiadhesive dermatan sulfate-rich proteoglycan that interacts with thrombospondin-1 (TSP) and inhibits fibroblast adhesion to TSP [Winnemoller et al. (embl.de)
  • In the present study, we showed that skin DCN and bone DCN (chondroitin sulfate-rich proteoglycan) were quantitatively identical with respect to their ability to interact with TSP. (embl.de)
  • Reduced mRNA expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), carbohydrate sulfotransferase 15 (N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase), and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 resulted. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) proteoglycans are indispensable for animal development and homeostasis but the large number of enzymes involved in their biosynthesis have made CS/DS function a challenging problem to study genetically. (scilifelab.se)
  • The effect of chondroitin sulfate in people with osteoarthritis is likely the result of a number of reactions including its anti-inflammatory activity, the stimulation of the synthesis of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid, and the decrease in catabolic activity of chondrocytes, inhibiting the synthesis of proteolytic enzymes, nitric oxide, and other substances that contribute to damage the cartilage matrix and cause death of articular chondrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chondroitin sulphate (CS) proteoglycans with variable sulphation-motifs along their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains are closely associated with the stem cell niche of articular cartilage, where they are believed to influence the characteristics of the resident stem cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The predominant GAG in vitreous is hyaluronan (HA), but it also contains small amounts of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). (molvis.org)
  • Immortalized, cloned mouse chondrocytic cells (MC615) produce three different matrix proteoglycans with core-protein-specific chondroitin/dermatan sulphate structures. (harvard.edu)
  • The major chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) proteoglycans are aggrecan, versican, biglycan and decorin. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
  • 1997) Contribution of chondroitin-dermatan sulfate-containing proteoglycans to the function of rat mesenteric arteries. (mageewomens.org)
  • Phase separation on cell surface facilitates bFGF signal transduction with heparan sulphate. (uu.se)
  • Determination of hyaluronic acid, dermatan sulphate, heparan sulphate and chondroitin 4/6 sulphate in human dermis, and a material of reference. (sapienskinseattle.com)
  • Here we show that PNN abundance within the Arc is markedly reduced in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat model of T2D, compared with normoglycaemic rats, correlating with altered PNN-associated sulfation patterns of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans in the MBH. (nature.com)
  • Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) comprise a class of linear, negatively charged polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units of acetylated hexosamines (N-acetyl-galactosamine in the case of chondroitin sulphate and dermatan sulfate or N-acetyl-glucosamine in the case of heparin sulphate and heparin) and mainly of uronic acids (d-glucuronic acid or l-iduronic acid) being sulfated at various positions. (hindawi.com)
  • The chemical reactions and pathways involving dermatan sulfate, any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units. (planteome.org)
  • Here, we investigated the immunohistochemical distribution of hybrid CS/dermatan sulphate (DS) GAGs in the periphery of the adult chicken cornea, which is the location of the cornea's stem cell niche in a number of species, using a monoclonal antibody, 6C3, that recognises a sulphation motif-specific CS/DS GAG epitope. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Specifically, arylsulfatase B removes a chemical group known as a sulfate from two GAGs called dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Chondroitin and dermatan sulfate, an important class of GAGs, are linear macromolecules consisting of disaccharide building blocks of N-acetylgalactosamine and two different uronic acids. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Some of these GlcA residues may be epimerized into L-iduronic acid (IdoA) at which point the resulting glycosaminoglycan is then referred to as dermatan sulfate, previously referred to as chondroitin sulfate B. Chondroitin sulfate is sourced from natural products, with high variability in terms of chain length and sulfation pattern. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to hydroxyl groups on serine residues of certain proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular cloning and characterization of a human uronyl 2-sulfotransferase that sulfates iduronyl and glucuronyl residues in dermatan/chondroitin sulfate. (harvard.edu)
  • The sulfated GalNac residue is resistant to the enzyme when adjacent uronic residues are sulfated as shown by the lack of enzymatic desulfation of GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S) connected to a disaccharide GlcUA(2S)β1-3GalNAc(6S) in an octasaccharide. (hal.science)
  • Degradation kinetics models and chemical composition data of LMCS showed the GlcA residues of chondroitin-4-sulfate (CSA) may be preferentially attacked. (bvsalud.org)
  • Like other chondroitin AC lyases, it is capable of cleaving hyaluronan. (rcsb.org)
  • AAV2 containing cDNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP), under the control of a chicken β-actin promoter, was delivered by intravitreal injection to adult mice in conjunction with enzymes including collagenase, hyaluronan lyase, heparinase III, or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
  • Involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. (expasy.org)
  • Interacting polymer-modification enzymes in heparan sulfate biosynthesis. (uu.se)
  • Chondroitin sulfate chains are unbranched polysaccharides of variable length containing two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). (wikipedia.org)
  • Key enzyme activity for the initiation of chondroitin and dermatan sulfates, transferring GalNAc to the GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-Ser core. (expasy.org)
  • One way to look at this difference is in terms of the proportion of disaccharide units: chondroitin sulfate from terrestrial animals is almost exclusively composed of non-sulfated (O) and monosulfated (A and C) units, while in marine species the proportion of disulfated (D, E and B) units is higher. (wikipedia.org)
  • We found that this 4-O-endosulfatase effectively remove the 4-O-sulfate of disaccharide sequences GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S) or GlcUAβ1-3GalNAc(4S,6S) in all tested hexasaccharides. (hal.science)
  • Derbal, I., Lortat-Jacob, H. & Kwok, J. (2017) Chondroitin sulfates and their binding molecules in the central nervous system. (iduron.co.uk)
  • Low-molecular weight sulfated marine polysaccharides: Promising molecules to prevent neurodegeneration in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA? (uu.se)
  • Along with HA, other molecules in this family include heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and dermatan sulfate (DS). (sapienskinseattle.com)
  • Iduronate sulfatase deficiency leads to the subsequent GAG accumulation of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate B (dermatan sulfate) in the body. (medscape.com)
  • In 1976, the enzyme deficiency in Morquio syndrome type IVA (galactosamine-6-sulfatase deficiency [ie, N -acetyl-galactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase deficiency]) was identified. (medscape.com)
  • abstract = "The presence of iduronic acid in chondroitin/dermatan sulfate changes the properties of the polysaccharides, as it generates a more flexible chain with increased binding potentials. (lu.se)
  • Le Vivant repose pour son fonctionnement sur les propriétés structurales et fonctionnelles de grandes familles de biopolymères, parmi lesquelles celle des polysaccharides qui reste encore mal connue, et en particulier ceux exposés à la surface cellulaire ou constituant des glyco-conjugués avec les protéines. (hal.science)
  • The addition of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase greatly enhanced transduction of the retinal ganglion cell layer and increased the depth of transduction into the outer retina. (molvis.org)
  • Electroretinograms survived with higher concentrations of heparinase III and chondroitin ABC lyase than were required for optimal retinal transduction. (molvis.org)
  • AAV2-mediated retinal transduction is improved by co-injection of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) showed that CSA was more likely to interact with hydroxyl radicals (·OH) than non-sulfated chondroitin (CSO) and chondroitin-6-sulfate (CSC). (bvsalud.org)
  • Tumor tissue from the treated mice had lower chondroitin 4-sulfate (C4S) content and lower sulfotransferase activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • ARSB, which removes the 4-sulfate group at the non-reducing end of C4S, acts as a tumor suppressor, and treatment with exogenous ARSB impacts on vital cell signaling and reduces the expression of critical genes associated with melanoma progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chondroitin lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and EC 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. (rcsb.org)
  • PMID: 25486376 Mutations in Biosynthetic Enzymes for the Protein Linker Region of Chondroitin/Dermatan/Heparan Sulfate Cause Skeletal and Skin Dysplasias . (symptoma.com)
  • Biological Functions of Iduronic Acid in Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulfate. (lu.se)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Biological Functions of Iduronic Acid in Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulfate. (lu.se)
  • With the exception of HA, all GAG types are variably sulfated which contributes to the intricate complexity of their structures. (hindawi.com)
  • Their patented Heparan Sulfate Analog (HSA) molecule mimics the effects of heparan sulfate, providing a natural boost to your skin's immune response to inflammation and promoting repair from within (3). (sapienskinseattle.com)
  • As the proportion of chondroitin sulfate (CS) increased, the particle size, turbidity and zeta-potential of the ZC nanocomplexes all increased. (bvsalud.org)
  • Effects of sulfate deprivation on the production of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate by cultures of skin fibroblasts from normal and diabetic individuals. (harvard.edu)
  • OBJECTIVES: The expression patterns of various cell-associated heparan and chondroitin/dermatan-sulphate PGs in human skin and chronic venous ulcers were investigated. (lu.se)
  • Iduronic acid in chondroitin/dermatan sulfate influences multiple cellular properties such as migration, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis and regulation of cytokine/growth factor activities. (lu.se)
  • The variability in chondroitin sulfate composition extends to its origin, making it possible to differentiate between chondroitin sulfate from terrestrial and marine sources. (wikipedia.org)
  • The role of IdoA in chondroitin/dermatan sulfate is underlined by the vast changes of connective tissue features in patients with a new type of Ehler-Danlos syndrome, adducted thumb-clubfoot syndrome. (lu.se)
  • Along with being an excellent skin hydrator, heparan sulfate orchestrates our skin's immune response to inflammation and enables the repair process of skin cells. (sapienskinseattle.com)
  • With age, the amount of heparan sulfate in your body decreases which leads to chronic skin inflammation (2). (sapienskinseattle.com)
  • Chondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage, and provides much of its resistance to compression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two major glycosaminoglycan types, heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), control many aspects of development and physiology in a type-specific manner. (bvsalud.org)
  • reported that chondroitin sulfate is not rapidly absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract and a high content of labeled chondroitin sulfate is found in the synovial fluid and cartilage. (wikipedia.org)
  • We offer a series of chondroitin sulphates (CS) and dermatan sulphates (DS) that cover the principal isomers found in mammalian tissues. (iduron.co.uk)
  • In a 6-year double-blind placebo-controlled study involving 60 test subjects published in 1973, the chondroitin sulfate group showed a 350% reduction in fatal heart attacks compared to the control group. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chondroitin/dermatan sulfate glycosyltransferase genes are essential for craniofacial development. (scilifelab.se)
  • The results show that the degree and position of charged sulfate groups define the size of the conformational landscape in the gas phase. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Cet alphabet à déchiffrer repose des déterminants structuraux - entre autres : distribution de groupes sulfate, anomèrie, épimérisation - conduisant à une syntaxe isomérique d'une complexité considérable. (hal.science)
  • Re-expression of glucuronyl C5-epimerase in the mutant MEF cells increases heparan sulfate epimerization but has no influence on the Golgi localization and enzymatic activity of 2-O-sulfotransferase. (uu.se)
  • Clinical studies have not identified any significant side effects or overdoses of chondroitin sulfate, which suggest its long-term safety. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mizumoto, S., Yamada, S. & Sugahara, K. (2015) Molecular interactions between chondroitin-dermatan sulfate and growth factors/receptors/matrix proteins. (iduron.co.uk)
  • Pharmacokinetic studies performed on humans and experimental animals after oral administration of chondroitin sulfate revealed that it can be absorbed orally. (wikipedia.org)