OxygenOxygen ConsumptionReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxygen Inhalation TherapySinglet OxygenTobacco Use DisorderMorphine DependenceAlcoholismOxygen IsotopesKineticsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationOxidation-ReductionHyperbaric OxygenationPartial PressureTemperatureTime FactorsSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeHydrogen PeroxideAnoxiaOxidative StressHeroin DependenceModels, BiologicalOximetryOpioid-Related DisordersSubstance-Related DisordersMembrane PotentialsCalciumOxyhemoglobinsHemoglobinsMarijuana AbuseCarbon DioxideCocaine-Related DisordersDose-Response Relationship, DrugMitochondriaAntioxidantsCells, CulturedFree RadicalsThermodynamicsMathematicsAerobiosisSuperoxide DismutaseModels, ChemicalMolecular Sequence DataCatalaseFree Radical ScavengersAnaerobiosisCell HypoxiaNarcotic AntagonistsNADPH OxidaseHyperoxiaSuperoxidesAdenosine TriphosphateRats, Sprague-DawleyBinding SitesWaterBlood Gas AnalysisDrug ToleranceMutationProtein BindingModels, MolecularElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopySignal TransductionAlcohol DeterrentsDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersBrainLightEnergy MetabolismPolarographyCell LineIon Channel GatingSodiumPotassiumBehavior, AddictiveElectrophysiologyLuminescent MeasurementsElectron TransportAmino Acid SequenceSpectrophotometryProtein ConformationMyocardiumDependency (Psychology)ProtonsRabbitsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyEscherichia coliComputer SimulationNaltrexoneIon ChannelsNitric OxideNaloxoneRespirationCarbon MonoxideBiophysicsMyoglobinCatalysisPatch-Clamp TechniquesPulmonary Gas ExchangeDiffusionGlutathioneElectric Conductivity