Thymine (/ˈθaɪmɪn/) (symbol T or Thy) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G-C-A-T. The others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine. (wikipedia.org)
I wasn't aware of Chargaff's rules when he said them, but the effect on me was quite electric because I realized immediately that if you had this sort of scheme that John Griffith was proposing, of adenine being paired with thymine, and guanine being paired with cytosine, then you should get Chargaff's rules. (todayinsci.com)
Of the nucleosides from deoxyribonucleic acids, all that was known with any certainty [in the 1940s] was that they were 2-deoxy--D-ribosides of the bases adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine and it was assumed that they were structurally analogous to the ribonucleosides. (todayinsci.com)
Adenine (A) is one of the four nucleotide bases in DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). Within a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine bases on one strand pair with thymine bases on the opposite strand. (genome.gov)
Located predominantly in cell nuclei, it is composed of two chains of nucleotides -- deoxyribose and phosphate backbones with side chains of purine (adenine or guanine) or pyrimidine (cytosine and thymine) bases projecting inward. (nih.gov)
DNA is full of nucleotides, and are made of three parts: a phosphate group linked to a deoxyribose sugar,and turned linked to one of four nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T). Nucleotides are linked in series into a chain, with phosphate and sugar groups alternating. (timetoast.com)
DNA is made up of a sequence of four different types of nucleotides (the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) or thymine (T)), plus monosaccharide deoxyribose and a phosphate. (fapesp.br)
You may recall that in DNA there are four different nitrogenous bases as shown here: adenine as shown in green, thymine as shown in pink, guanine as shown in blue, and cytosine as shown in orange. (nagwa.com)
Of these, adenine and guanine are purines and have a double ring structure, whereas thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines and have a single ring. (nagwa.com)
According to the rules of complementary base pairing, adenine binds the thymine with two hydrogen bonds, and guanine binds the cytosine by three hydrogen bonds. (nagwa.com)
The two strands are connected by hydrogen bonds at their adjacent nitrogenous bases , such that adenine bonds [at 2 locations] with thymine , and guanine bonds [at 3 locations] with cytosine . (mrshum.com)
In each chain there is a nucleotide composed of sugars or deoxyribose, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G), limes A and T complement each other, as well as C and G. (examplespedia.com)
The double helix, made up of a pair of DNA strands, has bases in its core that are joined by hydrogen bonds to form base pairs: adenine always paired with thymine and guanine always paired with cytosine. (rainis.pics)
In the more common B form, the DNA helix has a repeat of 10.5 base pairs per turn, with the sugar and phosphate forming the covalent phosphodiester "backbone" of the molecule, and the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine line up in the middle, where the base pairs we know today are, which look like the rungs of a ladder. (rainis.pics)
In March 2015, NASA scientists reported that, for the first time, complex DNA and RNA organic compounds of life, including uracil, cytosine and thymine, have been formed in the laboratory under outer space conditions, using starting chemicals, such as pyrimidine, found in meteorites. (wikipedia.org)
Deoxyribose Deoxythymidine Nucleobase Pyrimidine Thymineless death Uracil Dannenfelser, R.-M. (wikipedia.org)
If you ever wondered in biology class why RNA uses ribose and DNA uses deoxyribose, or why RNA uses uracil and DNAthymine, Marcos Eberlin's book will tell you why, and how their perfect suitability for their purpose is a remarkable example of foresight. (discovery.org)
The primary structure (sequence of nucleotides) of RNA is similar in structure to that of DNA, but in the nucleotides the sugar deoxyribose has been replaced by ribose and the pyrimidine base thymine by uracil (U). RNA thus contains the purine bases adenine and guanine and the pyrimidine bases uracil and cytosine. (biotionary.com)
Ribose13
The prefix indicates that, unlike Ribose, Deoxyribose does not contain a hydroxyl group at the 2' carbon replacing it with a single Hydrogen atom. (wikibooks.org)
Deoxyribose lacks a hydroxyl group at the 2' position when compared to ribose. (freezingblue.com)
Pentose sugar , a five carbon sugar , deoxyribose in DNA (hence its name deoxyribo nucleic acid ), and ribose in RNA (hence its name ribo nucleic acid ). (mrshum.com)
Left) DNA is extended by the addition of new nucleotides (6) , always to the same hydroxyl group (red arrow), which is called the 3' hydroxyl (don't ask) of the deoxyribose ring (red arrow). (acsh.org)
One of the common mutations of DNA involves two adjacent thymines or cytosine, which, in presence of ultraviolet light, may form thymine dimers, causing "kinks" in the DNA molecule that inhibit normal function. (wikipedia.org)
The top chain is now one base longer (in this case, a molecule of thymine - "T"). The new thymine (blue box), which is now at the end of the growing chain, is now attached to cytosine by a new bond (indicated by the blue block arrow). (acsh.org)
The deoxyribose sugars form the structural backbone for DNA via a phosphodiester bond between the 3' carbon of one nucleotide and the 5' carbon of the next. (wikibooks.org)
The essential parts of the nucleotide are a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose (5-carbon sugar), and a phosphate group. (worksheetstemplate.com)
Pyrimidines1
Thymine and cytosine are single ring structures, called pyrimidines . (mrshum.com)
Sugar deoxyribose1
In it, two strands, composed of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate molecules, are connected by pairs of four molecules called bases, which form the steps of the staircase. (msdmanuals.com)
Pyrimidine1
Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen2
In DNA, thymine (T) binds to adenine (A) via two hydrogen bonds, thereby stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. (wikipedia.org)
Thymine likely formed within some meteorite parent bodies, but may not have persisted within these bodies due to an oxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide. (wikipedia.org)
Sugars2
DNA is a long chain of linear polymers containing deoxyribose sugars and their covalently bonded bases known as nucleic acids. (wikibooks.org)
A pair of nitrogenous bases make up the steps of the DNA ladder, whereas the perimeters of the ladder are manufactured from deoxyribose and phosphate molecules. (worksheetstemplate.com)
Ueber das Thymin, ein Spaltungsproduct der Nucleïnsäure" [On thymine, a cleavage product of nucleic acid]. (wikipedia.org)
Thymidine3
Thymine combined with deoxyribose creates the nucleoside deoxythymidine, which is synonymous with the term thymidine. (wikipedia.org)
Recombinant human thymidine phosphorylase catalyzes the reaction of arsenate with thymidine to form thymine and 2-deoxyribose 1-arsenate, which rapidly decomposes to 2-deoxyribose and inorganic arsenate. (elsevierpure.com)
The structure of the transition state confirms that human thymidine phosphorylase proceeds through an S N 2-like transition state with bond orders of 0.50 to the thymine leaving group and 0.33 to the attacking oxygen nucleophile. (elsevierpure.com)
Thymine was first prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding nucleoside obtained from natural sources. (wikipedia.org)
Compound1
The urine of six patients infected with thy − mutants contained levels of a thymine-like compound sufficient to support their growth. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mutations2
The mutations caused by thymine deficiency appear to occur only at AT base pair sites in DNA and are often AT to GC transition mutations. (wikipedia.org)
Secondary mutations to a low thymine requirement may now be occurring more rapidly, thereby allowing more mutant organisms to survive. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Single1
The top of Figure 1 shows the single-stranded DNA template (black dotted arrow), the polymerase (gray blob), the last base that was added to the newly forming chain (cytosine, red box), and the position (red arrow) of next base which will be added to it (thymine, purple circle). (acsh.org)
Purple1
Attach purple "phosphate" bead to white "deoxyribose" bead. (epicofevolution.com)