AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Dendritic CellsCell DifferentiationLymphocytesCell ProliferationLymphocyte ActivationCells, CulturedT-LymphocytesMonocytesAntigens, CD1Signal TransductionGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorLymphocyte Culture Test, MixedMice, Inbred C57BLFlow CytometryCell LineB-LymphocytesAntigens, CDCytokinesAntigens, CD14ImmunophenotypingCell DivisionAntigen PresentationBone Marrow CellsInterleukin-4Transcription Factor RelBInterleukin-12Gene Expression RegulationMembrane GlycoproteinsRNA, MessengerApoptosisMolecular Sequence DataCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHematopoietic Stem CellsSpleenLymphocyte CountMice, KnockoutJurkat CellsStem CellsTransfectionLigandsLipopolysaccharidesMice, Inbred BALB CTumor Cells, CulturedAntigens, CD34Mice, TransgenicCell Line, TumorBase SequenceTranscription FactorsCell MovementReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCell Line, TransformedImmunohistochemistryGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalCell CycleAntibodies, MonoclonalInterleukin-2Antigens, Differentiation, T-LymphocyteAntigens, SurfaceAmino Acid SequenceCell LineagePhenotypeCoculture TechniquesLymphocyte SubsetsGene ExpressionCell SurvivalDown-RegulationDendritic Cells, FollicularUp-RegulationDNABlotting, WesternDNA-Binding ProteinsTime FactorsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesEmbryonic Stem CellsInterferon-gammaBromodeoxyuridineLymph NodesEpithelial CellsPhosphorylationCell SeparationTretinoinMacrophagesLectinsT-Lymphocyte SubsetsCell CountAntigens, DifferentiationKineticsRNA, Small InterferingTranscription, GeneticCell Culture TechniquesCell MembraneGene Expression ProfilingAntigens, CD11cHomeodomain ProteinsCell CommunicationHIV-1Membrane ProteinsT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicTrans-ActivatorsThymus Gland
MacrophagesCytokinesMonocytesMaturationEpithelial cellsApoptosisInducePhenotypeMoleculesAntigensImmature dendritic cellsLymphoidStromal cellsMixed Lymphocyte ReactionInflammatoryRegulationCytotoxicMoleculeImmunityInfiltrationPlasmacytoidPopulationsMechanismsInhibitInducesCytometric analysisActivationMonoclonalMonocyteVitroCytokine productionSurvivalHematopoieticFlow cytometryInnate and adaptiveMalignantTherapeuticBoneBindsPhagocytosisTumor cellsInteractionsPeripheral bloodReceptorsFibroblastsProgenitorLangerhansLymph nodesStem cellsRegulatorModulatesEnhancesFunctionalAdaptive immuneAdipocytesUndergoMurineAngiogenesisAdhesionFunctionallyImmune responseHuman
Macrophages11
Cytokines16
  • Continuous ligation of LILRB1 modulated cellular differentiation, conferred a unique phenotype upon the resultant cells, induced a profound resistance to CD95-mediated cell death, and inhibited secretion of cytokines IL-10, IL-12p70, and TGF-β. (ashpublications.org)
  • The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. (hindawi.com)
  • Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfers, and especially checkpoint inhibitors constitute valuable elements in the immunotherapeutic armamentarium. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, CD56 dim NK cells can produce cytokines, specifically IFN-γ, after cell triggering via NKp46 of NKp30 activating receptors or after stimulation with combinations of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-15 ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity by affecting dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and cytokines and chemokines secretion (By similarity). (qedbio.com)
  • Les IgIV intéragissent avec de nombreux composants du système immunitaire comme les récepteurs Fc, le complément, les cytokines, les lymphocytes T et B, les cellules dendritiques, les granulocytes et les cellules NK, ce qui explique en partie leurs effets anti-inflammatoires. (academie-medecine.fr)
  • 2 The interaction of IVIG with a large number of components of the immune system including Fc receptors, complement molecules, cytokines, B and T lymphocytes, neutrophils and NK cells, may explain at least in part their anti-inflammatory effects. (academie-medecine.fr)
  • This anastomotic study demonstrated a decrease in IEC TLR4 expression and microbiome diversity which then coincided with increased expansion of regulatory and pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Natural-killer (NK) cells are specialized lymphocytes that have cytotoxic properties in addition to their ability to produce cytokines that assist in the orchestration of adaptive immunity. (medscape.com)
  • Ganoderma lucidum can enhance specific immune function: promote B and T lymphocytes proliferation and production of antibodies and cytokines. (ganoherb.com)
  • CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes play an import role in the inflammatory response, as these cells may manage the profile of cytokines produced against an infectious agent 4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Progression of periodontal lesions is caused by dysregulation of molecules (cytokines) released by specific cell populations 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • They can be distinguished based on the profile of cytokines produced: Th1 cells produce characteristic cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β, IL-12, while active Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-136. (bvsalud.org)
  • Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • The CD4+ T helper cells are primarily responsible for helping other immune cells through direct cell-cell interactions or by secreting cytokines after recognizing viral peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. (cdc.gov)
  • This association of phenotype and function is not absolute, since CD4+ cells may exhibit lytic activity, while CD8+ cells secrete antiviral cytokines, notably interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor. (cdc.gov)
Monocytes9
  • Epidermal Langerhans cells are unique among dendritic cells in that they arise not from myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow but rather from yolk-sac progenitors and fetal liver-derived monocytes that populate the skin before birth and are maintained locally under steady-state conditions. (capsulehealth.one)
  • which is expressed on B lymphocytes including pro-B through to plasma cells but not on monocytes nor granulocytes. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • However, we know less about the biological effects of IL-21 and its signaling mechanisms in leukemia cells and monocytes. (intechopen.com)
  • It is expressed as a membrane-bound type II transmembrane protein [2] on various cell types including monocytes , dendritic cells and bone marrow stromal cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • The antibody MEM-61 recognizes an epitope on second extracellular domain (EC2) of CD9 antigen, a 24 kDa transmembrane protein expressed on platelets, monocytes, pre-B lymphocytes, granulocytes and activated T lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)
  • These monocytes isolation protocols can contribute to the development of reliable methods for the purification of human dendritic cells for research and clinical applications. (jove.com)
  • The main advantage of these protocols is that they facilitate the isolation of human monocytes and their differentiation into viable and functional monocyte derived cells. (jove.com)
  • To isolate monocytes by the adherence method, culture five times 10 to the seven cells of the resulting PBMC pellet per 10 milliliters of complete medium in a new T75 flask for two hours at 37 degrees celsius and five percent carbon dioxide in a humidified incubator. (jove.com)
  • Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
Maturation13
  • HIV uptake by DCs is unique in that it does not preferentially drive DC maturation and stimulate T cell instruction, but rather favors viral spread [10]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • However, these cells have limitations, such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in vivo . (newswise.com)
  • In previous studies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into imDCs, and sinomenine (SN) was used to inhibit the maturation of imDCs. (newswise.com)
  • After a complex process of education and maturation, a circulating lymphocyte can bind to an antigen. (medscape.com)
  • The neutrophil maturation and differentiation pathway termed myelopoiesis takes approximately 12 days. (medscape.com)
  • [4] BAFF is the natural ligand of three unusual tumor necrosis factor receptors named BAFF-R (BR3), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor), and BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), all of which have differing binding affinities for it. (wikidoc.org)
  • These receptors are expressed mainly on mature B lymphocytes and their expression varies in dependence of B cell maturation (TACI is also found on a subset of T-cells and BCMA on plasma cells ). (wikidoc.org)
  • Organic dust exposure alters monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation and maturation. (cdc.gov)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate inflammatory immune response in the airways, but little is known about how organic dust affects differentiation and maturation of monocyte-derived immature and mature DCs (iDCs, mDCs). (cdc.gov)
  • Control iDCs exposed to ODE during the final 2 days of iDC maturation (days 7 and 8) did not differ from control (no ODE) iDCs in surface marker expression and phagocytic ability, but exhibited enhanced lymphocyte-stimulating capacity. (cdc.gov)
  • Dust exposure alters monocyte differentiation to iDCs and prevents maturation of iDC to mDCs. (cdc.gov)
  • As a result, the pathologic cells of LCH have been hypothesized to represent Langerhans cells in a state of arrested maturation. (medscape.com)
  • Although defects may occur in many steps in B-cell development and maturation, resulting in agammaglobulinemia, the most common and well-described defect is the impaired maturation of the pro-B cells to pre-B cells. (medscape.com)
Epithelial cells8
Apoptosis12
  • This protein was shown to activate antiapoptotic kinase AKT/PKB through a signaling complex involving SRC kinase and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, which indicated this protein may have a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. (arigobio.com)
  • Nevertheless, the function of CTCF in regulating cell development and apoptosis continues to be not clearly grasped. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Deposition of CTCF within the nucleoli relates to development arrest and apoptosis during differentiation in individual K562 myeloid cells and in individual breasts carcinoma cells, respectively [16, 17]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Nevertheless, other research demonstrate unlike the pro-apoptotic function of CTCF that knockdown and over-expression of CTCF in breasts cancer cells bring about triggering apoptosis and safeguarding ectopic appearance of Bax-induced apoptosis, respectively [18]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Ultraviolet (UV) and hyper-osmotic strains can induce activations of different signaling pathways, such as for TAK-438 manufacture example JNK and p38 signaling pathways, leading to programmed cell loss of life (apoptosis) [19]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
  • Its roles include regulation of proliferation, promotion of immune system and activation of apoptosis in B cells. (intechopen.com)
  • In these cells, IL-21 does not promote proliferation but enhances apoptosis and chemotaxis. (intechopen.com)
  • Ganoderma lucidum can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and promote tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy in vitro. (ganoherb.com)
  • Signaling through BAFF-R and BCMA stimulates B lymphocytes to undergo proliferation and to counter apoptosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • The review focuses on the role of APC-derived EVs in regulating the transformation of macrophage phenotype, shaping foam cells, driving autophagy and/or inhibiting apoptosis of Th4 + cells, T regulatory cells, endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), as well as in facilitating oxidative stress in vasculature. (bmrat.org)
  • The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically express CD8 and induce apoptosis of cells on which they recognize foreign antigens presented by MHC class I molecules, providing a defense against intracellular pathogens such as viruses. (cdc.gov)
Induce5
  • Different groups have established several protocols to induce the differentiation of MSCs into HLCs in vitro . (springer.com)
  • In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
  • T cell activation was reported to induce expression of this gene and lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. (arigobio.com)
  • This study focused on exploring sinomenine (SN) to promote differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs), and found SN-iPSCs-imDCs with worse donor-specific T-cell stimulatory function, and higher regulatory T-cell proliferative function in vitro and in vivo to induce high immune tolerance. (newswise.com)
  • While terminally differentiated mature DC (mDC) efficiently induce the development of effector T cells, immature DC (iDC) are involved in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance by induction of anergic T cells with regulatory properties ( 1 , 2 ). (aai.org)
Phenotype4
  • They proliferate easily in culture and can be cryopreserved without loss of phenotype or differentiation potential. (vin.com)
  • Maturing DCs acquire a phenotype that allows them to migrate through the lymphatic system and stimulate adaptive lymphocyte responses. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • In spite of tissue origin, many other elements such as culture method and further modulations also influence the heterogeneity of MSCs, leading to differential gene expression profiles, growth phenotype, and differentiation potentials [15-17]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Deficiencies are highly variable with regard to symptoms, phenotype, genotype, severity, etc, because many cells and molecules are required for both natural and adaptive immunity . (lu.se)
Molecules11
  • Recent studies have suggested a role for human leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs, also known as ILT, LIR, or CD85) in regulating the function of myeloid cells, potentially implicating these molecules in the control of immune responses. (ashpublications.org)
  • MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The oxaliplatin induced upregulation of PD-L1 and downregulation of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 resulted in decreased T-cell proliferation. (tue.nl)
  • They allow for cell-to-cell communication, transporting molecules that are important regulators of intracellular information between close and distant cells. (infusio.org)
  • For example, MSC are poor antigen presenting cells and do not express MHC class II or co-stimulatory molecules and only low levels of MHC class I molecules. (vin.com)
  • Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules, and can capture, process, and present antigens (Ags), direct demonstrations that they function as professional Ag-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo during ongoing immune responses remain lacking. (unige.ch)
  • CD9 is involved in cell motility, osteoclastogenesis, neurite outgrowth, myotube formation, and sperm-egg fusion, plays roles in cell attachment and proliferation and is necessary for association of heterologous MHC II molecules on the dendritic cell plasma membrane which is important for effective T cell stimulation. (exbio.cz)
  • Unternaehrer JJ, Chow A, Pypaert M, Inaba K, Mellman I: The tetraspanin CD9 mediates lateral association of MHC class II molecules on the dendritic cell surface. (exbio.cz)
  • Stöckl J, Majdic O, Fischer G, Maurer D, Knapp W: Monomorphic molecules function as additional recognition structures on haptenated target cells for HLA-A1-restricted, hapten-specific CTL. (exbio.cz)
  • Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)
Antigens5
  • The generation of receptors specific for antigens is a unique and complex process that generates 10 12 specific receptors for each cell type of the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells. (medscape.com)
  • Various cell types can process and present these antigens to T cells, or antigens may be soluble and bound to B-cell receptors. (medscape.com)
  • A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
  • B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
Immature dendritic cells2
Lymphoid10
  • We demonstrate that mice exhibiting a selective abrogation of MHCII expression by pDCs develop exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a consequence of enhanced priming of encephalitogenic CD4(+) T cell responses in secondary lymphoid tissues. (unige.ch)
  • We now know that epidermal Langerhans cells are not nerves but dendritic cells, a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic cells enriched in interface tissues and lymphoid organs. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. (lookformedical.com)
  • Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
  • A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
  • B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. (lookformedical.com)
  • In adult mice, IL-7/IL-7R signaling up regulates expression of early B cell factor (EBF), and EBF in turn regulates expression of B cell-specific genes required for the transition from lymphoid progenitor to pro-B cells. (biolegend.com)
  • In the absence of mature B cells, patients lack lymphoid tissue and fail to develop plasma cells, the cells that manufacture antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • Germinal centers where B cells proliferate and differentiate are poorly developed in all lymphoid tissue, including the spleen. (medscape.com)
Stromal cells7
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue). (wikipedia.org)
  • Stromal cells are connective tissue cells that form the supportive structure in which the functional cells of the tissue reside. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell-based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an attractive option for augmenting the fracture repair process. (hindawi.com)
  • Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory properties and a high regenerative capacity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are plastic adherent and assume a fibroblast-like morphology during culture. (vin.com)
  • Mouse IL-7 was initially described as a pre B-cell grow factor expressed in bone marrow stromal cells. (biolegend.com)
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction1
  • The effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function, and regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. (newswise.com)
Inflammatory8
  • The administration of cortistatin protected against lethality after cecal ligation and puncture, or injection of bacterial endotoxin or Escherichia coli , and prevented the septic shock-associated histopathology, such as infiltration of inflammatory cells and intravascular disseminated coagulation in various target organs. (rupress.org)
  • Many Lyme patients often have dysfunction of the mast cells, increasing their inflammatory response. (infusio.org)
  • IEC TLR4 activation and signaling is required for mucosal healing, leading to inflammatory factor release that recruits immune cells to limit bacteria invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TLR4 absence leads to mucosal damage from loss in epithelial proliferation, attenuated inflammatory response, and bacteria translocation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We isolated fecal content and small intestinal leukocytes from murine, Roux-en-Y and end-to-end anastomoses, to identify microbiome changes and subsequent alterations in the regulatory and pro-inflammatory immune cells 3 days post-operative. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TLR4 absence can lead to severe mucosal damage from a loss in epithelial proliferation, impaired inflammatory response, and bacterial translocation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It can protect vascular endothelial cells against oxidative stress-induced inflammatory damage. (ganoherb.com)
  • These include macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switching and various inflammatory signaling, such as IL-33/suppression of tumorigenesis 2 (ST2), Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathways, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 . (bmrat.org)
Regulation12
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) play pivotal roles in the initiation, regulation, and maintenance of immune responses. (ashpublications.org)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
  • This protein was shown to be a dentritic cell survival factor and is involved in the regulation of T cell-dependent immune response. (arigobio.com)
  • May be an important regulator of interactions between T-cells and dendritic cells and may play a role in the regulation of the T-cell-dependent immune response. (arigobio.com)
  • The HUCMSCs derived multiple donors were performed comprehensively analysis and potent assays including expressions of surface markers, viability, growth curve, karyotype analysis, tumorigenicity, differentiation potentials, and immune regulation capability. (researchsquare.com)
  • In lymphocyte B cells, elevated appearance of CTCF is certainly connected with down-regulation of c-resulting in cell development arrest and cell loss of life [15]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Background Amino acid metabolism is essential for tumor cell proliferation and regulation of immune cell function. (bmj.com)
  • BAFF-R is involved in the positive regulation during B cell development. (wikidoc.org)
  • Represses cell cycle negative regulating factor CDKN1A, thereby interrupting an important check point of normal cell cycle regulation (By similarity). (proteopedia.org)
  • Binds to dendritic cells (DCs) via C1QR1, resulting in down-regulation of T-lymphocytes proliferation (PubMed:11086025, PubMed:17881511). (proteopedia.org)
  • In addition, IL-7 controls T-cell size and metabolism through the activation of PI3 kinase-dependent pathways and regulation of glucose metabolism. (biolegend.com)
  • Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)
Cytotoxic1
  • Innate immunity resides in the skin, mucous membranes, polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, complement system, and a select group of cells that possess cytotoxic capabilities. (medscape.com)
Molecule3
  • Exposure to oxaliplatin markedly increased expression of the T-cell inhibitory molecule programmed death receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on human pDCs and also TLR9-induced IFNα secretion. (tue.nl)
  • Additionally cell surface marker characterization via flow cytometry differentiates them from hematopoetic cells, though no truly unique MSC molecule has been identified. (vin.com)
  • The B-cell receptor consists of an Ig molecule anchored to the cell's surface. (msdmanuals.com)
Immunity9
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) link innate and adaptive immunity, initiating and regulating effector cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
  • Indeed, blocking the inhibitory pathways operational in the microenvironment results in enhanced T-cell-dependent, anti-tumor immunity. (tue.nl)
  • Chemotherapeutic drugs not only directly kill tumor cells but also shape the tumor microenvironment and potentiate anti-tumor immunity. (tue.nl)
  • [19] Increased levels of BAFF may initiate aloreactive B cell and T cell immunity, therefore may promote allograft rejection. (wikidoc.org)
  • Affects various cell signaling pathways, host immunity and lipid metabolism (Probable). (proteopedia.org)
  • A vaccine approach based on cell-mediated immunity that avoids some of these drawbacks is discussed here. (cdc.gov)
  • We review the literature on the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity in influenza infection and the available data on the role of these responses in protection from highly pathogenic influenza infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Greater understanding of how each subset contributes to protective immunity and how T-cell memory is maintained and recalled in a secondary infection would contribute to development of effective vaccines that use these basic features of the immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • Mouse models of influenza A virus pneumonia provide a well-developed experimental system to analyze T cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)
Infiltration5
  • NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue is associated with better disease prognosis in colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung carcinomas ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Idiopathic non-malignant disease characterized by idiopathic infiltration and accumulation of abnormal histiocytes (i.e. the Langerhans cells) within various tissues (bone marrow, skin, central nervous system, lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes) causing focal or systemic effects. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Letterer-Siwe disease was described in infants with aggressive and generally fatal systemic disease, including skin, liver, spleen, and bone marrow infiltration by reticuloendothelial cells. (capsulehealth.one)
  • A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. (lookformedical.com)
  • On the other hand, the infiltration of organs by a monoclonal population of aberrant cells, the possibility of lethal evolution, and the cancer-based modalities of successful treatment are all consistent with a neoplastic process. (medscape.com)
Plasmacytoid1
  • Besides killing tumor cells, oxaliplatin bolsters immunosuppressive pathways, resulting in decreased activation of T cells by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). (tue.nl)
Populations5
  • The cancer and healthy cell populations were treated either with mechanical stress delivered by a micropump (fabricated by deep X-ray nanolithography) or by ultrasound wave stimuli. (unicz.it)
  • A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • The overall goal of this study is to compare two different methods of human monocyte isolation for dendritic cell generation in vitro and to characterize the CT11c, CT14 cell surface expression of the resulting monocyte derived populations by imaging flow cytometry. (jove.com)
  • Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
  • 4 ]. A relationship between activated or lymphocytes and enzyme-linked immuno- memory-effector lymphocyte populations sorbent assay (ELISA) for CD117. (who.int)
Mechanisms9
  • Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
  • The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
  • However, as tumors progress, cancerous cells develop immunosuppressive mechanisms that circumvent NK cell-mediated killing, allowing for tumor escape and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, the ability of HIV to exploit DC surface receptors or intracellular routing mechanisms to avoid antigen-processing machinery also contributes to viral persistence and promotes trans or cis-infection of CD4 T cells. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). (lookformedical.com)
  • The signaling mechanisms of IL-21 in different cell types have been identified. (intechopen.com)
  • Antigen-specific ligation of T-cell receptors induces effector mechanisms that either directly or indirectly promote lysis of infected cells. (cdc.gov)
  • However, murine models, including knockout and transgenic mice, have been useful in understanding the mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis, B-cell differentiation, and antibody formation. (medscape.com)
Inhibit1
  • Among their other immunological properties, MSC inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, suppress dendritic cell function and alter DC cytokine production, and decrease IFN-g production by NK cells. (vin.com)
Induces3
  • This signal together with the T Cell Receptor (TCR) induces the expression of GATA-3. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this fashion, IL-7 induces cell activation, survival, and proliferation of T lymphocytes. (biolegend.com)
  • CD4 T cell lymphopenia increases the expression of circulating IL-7, and TGFb induces IL-7 downregulation. (biolegend.com)
Cytometric analysis1
Activation19
  • 1 Activation of DCs through toll-like receptors (TLRs) for "infectious nonself" or other "danger" signals normally initiates a process of cellular differentiation resulting in "mature" DCs capable of stimulating T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
  • NK cell activation and the triggering of effector functions is governed by a complex set of activating and inhibitory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Nascent transformed cells elicit NK cell activation and are eliminated. (frontiersin.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin and functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. (arigobio.com)
  • In addition to their efficient lipid-lowering effects, statins exhibit independent so called pleiotropic effects potentially affecting several immune response properties including immune cell activation, migration, cytokine generation, immune metabolism, and survival. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • Cell-to-cell interactions set off a cascade of events that may result in T- or B-cell activation and, ultimately, host defense. (medscape.com)
  • As evidenced by our prior studies, CTCF is certainly up-regulated by EGF-stimulated activation from the Erk signaling pathway leading to suppression of appearance during EGF-induced corneal epithelial cell proliferation [12]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • TAK-438 manufacture Stress-induced activation of particular signaling pathways may also be frequently resulted from arousal from the cell membrane Kv stations and cytokine receptors, including epidermal development aspect (EGF), tumor necrosis aspect (TNF) TAK-438 manufacture and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptors [20C23]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • UV and hyper-osmotic stress-induced corneal epithelial cell loss of life is certainly connected with activation of NH2-terminal kinase/stress-activated proteins kinase (JNK/SAPK) and p38 cascades that elicit mobile apoptotic reactions [19, 22, 24]. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Nevertheless, over-expression of CTCF in transfected HCE cells led to a counter impact against UV irradiation-induced caspase 3 activation and reduced CTCF manifestation (Fig. 2A). (opioid-receptors.com)
  • From the transcriptome analysis in PBMCs, this multivariate model was significantly correlated with the gene signatures related to immune responses, such as CD8 T-cell activation/proliferation and proinflammatory immune responses, and 12 amino acid-related genes were differentially expressed between the high-risk and low-risk groups. (bmj.com)
  • It is likely that polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent HIV activation. (lookformedical.com)
  • ICOS, an activation-induced member of the CD28 family on T cells, is involved in the induction of IL-10, which itself could contribute to induction of anergy and development of suppressive T cells. (aai.org)
  • The functional activities of DC are mainly dependent on their state of activation and differentiation. (aai.org)
  • Numerous animal studies as well as observational and clinical trials have shown that atherosclerosis arises from immune activation, with several cell-type specific pathways involved. (bmrat.org)
  • Th2 cells have a differentiation process which is dependent on IL-4, which causes the activation of the transcription factor STAT 6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Recent studies have revealed that AXL contributes to leukaemic phenotypes through activation of oncogenic signalling pathways that lead to increased cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
  • Calebin-A induced death of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells by activation of histone acetyltransferase. (cancerindex.org)
  • IL-7 also controls T cell-dendritic cell interactions that are essential for both T-cell homeostasis and activation in vivo . (biolegend.com)
Monoclonal2
  • Belimumab (Benlysta) is a monoclonal antibody developed by Human Genome Sciences and GlaxoSmithKline , with significant discovery input by Cambridge Antibody Technology , which specifically recognizes and inhibits the biological activity of B-Lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and is in clinical trials for treatment of Systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases. (wikidoc.org)
  • A novel human anti-AXL monoclonal antibody attenuates tumour cell migration. (cancerindex.org)
Monocyte6
  • We demonstrate that the inhibitory receptor LILRB1 (ILT2, LIR1, CD85j) is selectively up-regulated during DC differentiation from monocyte precursors in culture. (ashpublications.org)
  • This study compares two different methods of human monocyte isolation for obtaining in vitro dendritic cells (DCs). (jove.com)
  • Monocyte yield and viability along with MDDC viability, proliferation and CD11c/CD14 surface marker expression will be compared between both methods. (jove.com)
  • In addition, this is the first study to characterize the specific population of monocyte derived dendritic cells by single cell imaging flow cytometry. (jove.com)
  • The first 48 h of monocyte differentiation appears to be the susceptible period to exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Environmental exposures present during early monocyte differentiation may impact the critical balance of DCs in the lung. (cdc.gov)
Vitro6
  • These stem cells are capable of differentiating into chondrocytes, cardiomyocytes, melanocytes, and hepatocyte‐like cells in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Further using animal and in vitro tissue and cell models, we demonstrated that NLRX1 could facilitate mitochondrial quality by coupling mitochondrial dynamic factors (p-DNM1L, L-OPA1:S-OPA1, OMA1) and mitophagy activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells clearly modulate immune responses, as demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo studies. (vin.com)
  • and (iii) MSCs maintains the differentiation potentials of adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondroblasts in vitro [14]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. (lookformedical.com)
Cytokine production1
  • These patients had a markedly decreased cytokine production and expressed low levels of T cell receptor CD3ζ chain. (aacrjournals.org)
Survival3
  • 3-5 LILRs are encoded by a set of genes within the leukocyte receptor cluster on chromosome 19q13.4, adjacent to the killer Ig-like receptor ( KIR ) genes that are responsible for controlling NK- and CD8 T-cell survival and effector functions. (ashpublications.org)
  • To be able to know how CTCF regulates the cell development and survival, it's important to further research the function of CTCF in stress-induced signaling and loss of life pathways in a variety of cell and tissues types. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • This interaction triggers signals essential for the formation and maintenance of B cell, thus it is important for a B-cell survival. (wikidoc.org)
Hematopoietic5
  • While the terms mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and marrow stromal cell have been used interchangeably for many years, neither term is sufficiently descriptive: Mesenchyme is embryonic connective tissue that is derived from the mesoderm and that differentiates into hematopoietic and connective tissue, whereas MSCs do not differentiate into hematopoietic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • These bone marrow stem cells do not contribute to the formation of blood cells, and so do not express the hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, MSCs are found in much higher concentration in the Wharton's jelly compared to cord blood, which is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a hematopoietic cytokine that is an important regulator of B and T cell development. (irvinesci.com)
  • IL-7 signals through the interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R) to promote the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. (irvinesci.com)
Flow cytometry3
  • Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 4 μl reagent / 100 μl of whole blood or 10 6 cells in a suspension. (exbio.cz)
  • Separation of human CD9 positive CD45 negative thrombocytes (red-filled) from lymphocytes (black-dashed) in flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral whole blood stained using anti-human CD9 (MEM-61) PE-Cy™7 antibody (4 μl reagent / 100 μl of peripheral whole blood). (exbio.cz)
  • CD44 percentage values in peripheral T-lymphocytes were significantly higher in patients than controls, as detected by flow cytometry. (who.int)
Innate and adaptive2
  • Dendritic cells (DC) are central purveyors of both innate and adaptive immune responses. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • IL-8) and chemokines that recruit innate and adaptive immune cells to limit bacterial invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
Malignant6
  • Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. (lookformedical.com)
  • A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other nonlymphoid sites. (lookformedical.com)
  • They are secreted by a wide array of cells, including cardiac myocytes, mature and progenitor endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells like antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and malignant cells 5 , 6 . (bmrat.org)
  • however, direct antiproliferative effects against malignant cells and modulation of host immune response may be important. (medscape.com)
  • The working group of the Histiocyte Society divided histocytic disorders into three groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)
Therapeutic5
  • Coupled with reports that allogeneic MSCs have immunoprivileged status and immunomodulatory properties, there has been considerable interest in exploring the use of these cells as a therapeutic option for bone repair. (hindawi.com)
  • Therapeutic intervention aims to reverse tumor-induced NK cell suppression and sustain NK cells' tumorlytic capacities. (frontiersin.org)
  • To compare the heterogeneities of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) derived from different donors and test their therapeutic variations in mouse liver fibrosis model. (researchsquare.com)
  • The HUCMSCs derived different donors have individual heterogeneity, which potentially lead to distinct therapeutic outcomes in mouse liver fibrosis, indicating we could make use of the donor-variation of MSCs to screen out guaranteed general indicators of MSCs for specific diseases in further stem cell therapy. (researchsquare.com)
  • Dendritic cells-based therapeutic approach may be a potential strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. (medsci.org)
Bone6
  • They are sometimes referred to as bone marrow stromal stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • These cells have several advantages over bone-marrow-derived MSCs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adult stem cells can be obtained from many differentiated tissues including but not limited to bone marrow, bone, fat, and muscle. (vin.com)
  • Results: Light microscopy analysis revealed a decreased expression of GATA-3-positive cells when bone loss progressed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Why use adipose-derived regenerative cells rather than regenerative cells derived from bone marrow? (vetstem.com)
  • Leukocytes are produced in stem cells in bone marrow. (lu.se)
Binds1
  • [5] TACI binds worst since its affinity is higher for a protein similar to BAFF, called a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). (wikidoc.org)
Phagocytosis2
  • Binding of complement to a foreign substance, or antigen, amplifies and augments the body's innate immune system by means of its role as an opsonin (a factor that enhances phagocytosis of unwanted particles) and as a chemoattractant (a factor that recruits cells to areas of inflammation). (medscape.com)
  • ODE-conditioned mDCs maintained high expression of mCD14(+) and elevated phagocytosis while their DC features weakened as evidenced by decreased CD11c, CD83, HLA-DR, CD86, and CCR7 expression and reduced lymphocyte-stimulating capacity. (cdc.gov)
Tumor cells4
  • instead of targeting tumor cells, the goal of immunotherapy is to augment and expand the immune system's intrinsic antitumor response. (frontiersin.org)
  • First described in 1975, NK cells were initially identified as a distinct sub-population of lymphocytes by their capacity to spontaneously lyse tumor cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, Ganoderma lucidum can antagonize the multidrug resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy drugs, and reduce the damage to the body caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (ganoherb.com)
  • Although arginase activity has been described in cancer patients, it is thought to originate from tumor cells metabolizing arginine to ornithine needed to sustain rapid cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Interactions1
  • These interactions promote the selective expansion of myelin-Ag-specific natural regulatory T cells that dampen the autoimmune T cell response. (unige.ch)
Peripheral blood6
  • Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated (3 days) peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with either Alexa Fluor® 647 Mouse IgG1, κ Isotype Control (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Additionally, a 11-year prospective cohort study of Japanese inhabitants linked low peripheral-blood NK cell cytotoxicity with increased cancer risk ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Peripheral blood samples were collected from 53 patients with NSCLC before treatment with PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1) inhibitors. (bmj.com)
  • Gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was compared between the high-risk and low-risk patients by this multivariate model. (bmj.com)
  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 123 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, prior to treatment, were found to have a significantly increased arginase activity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • To achieve a proper separation of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, load the blood onto the density gradient solution quickly, but carefully and without mixing the layers. (jove.com)
Receptors5
  • While CD4 T cells are by far the most abundant HIV-infected cell, DCs express a variety of HIV co-receptors and lectin receptors that modulate HIV uptake, antigen processing, and trans-infection to T cells, thus contributing to a wide variety of immunological outcomes. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • This cytokine is a ligand for receptors TNFRSF13B /TACI, TNFRSF17 /BCMA, and TNFRSF13C /BAFF-R. This cytokine is expressed in B cell lineage cells, and acts as a potent B cell activator. (wikidoc.org)
  • BAFF steady-state concentrations depend on B cells and also on the expression of BAFF-binding receptors. (wikidoc.org)
  • Differentiation into Th1 depends on the presence of IFN-γ and IL-12, which bind to receptors on the surface of CD4 T cells 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • APOE associated to the LVP allows the initial virus attachment to cell surface receptors such as the heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), syndecan-1 (SDC1), syndecan-1 (SDC2), the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SCARB1) (PubMed:12970454, PubMed:12356718, PubMed:12913001, PubMed:28404852, PubMed:22767607). (proteopedia.org)
Fibroblasts1
Progenitor2
Langerhans15
  • At this point, Birbeck granules were thought to be exclusive to epidermal Langerhans cells, skin-restricted cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Histiocytosis X was renamed Langerhans-cell histiocytosis , reflecting the concept that LCH cells represented dysfunctional epidermal Langerhans cells. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Over the next decades, reviews debated whether LCH was a disorder of transformed Langerhans cells or of normal Langerhans cells rendered pathologic by inappropriate stimuli. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Available at: http://www.cancernetwork.com/oncology-journal/langerhans-cell-histiocytosis-emerging-insights-and-clinical-implications [Accessed 1 Jul. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Langerhans cells are named after Paul Langerhans , a bright, young medical student who worked with the new technique of gold colloid staining in the mid-19th century. (capsulehealth.one)
  • In 1868 , Langerhans described an epidermal cell population, accounting for approximately 1% of epidermal cells, with characteristic dendrites that he described as extracutaneous nerves. (capsulehealth.one)
  • Langerhans cells are dendritic antigen-presenting cells. (capsulehealth.one)
  • In 1868, Paul Langerhans discovered the epidermal dendritic cells that now bear his name. (medscape.com)
  • The ultrastructural hallmark of the Langerhans cell, the Birbeck granule, was described a century later. (medscape.com)
  • The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)
  • Although the epidermal Langerhans cell has been presumed to be the cell of origin in LCH, recent studies have called this belief into question. (medscape.com)
  • Notably, LCH cells have been found to express markers of both resting epidermal Langerhans cells (CD1a, intracellular major histocompatibility complex II [MHCII], Birbeck granules) and activated Langerhans cells (including CD54 and CD58). (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Taken together, these findings have led some to speculate that LCH is not a specific disease of epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. (medscape.com)
  • The pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is unknown. (medscape.com)
  • The LLNA has been evaluated extensively in the context nocytes, Langerhans cells, and T-lymphocytes, have been of both national and international interlaboratory trials. (cdc.gov)
Lymph nodes1
  • After EAE induction, pDCs are recruited to lymph nodes and establish MHCII-dependent myelin-Ag-specific contacts with CD4(+) T cells. (unige.ch)
Stem cells22
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a term first coined by Arnold I. Caplan in 1991, are characterized morphologically by a small cell body with a few cell processes that are long and thin. (wikipedia.org)
  • These distinctive morphological features of mesenchymal stem cells can be visualized label-free using live cell imaging. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cells are present in amniotic fluid. (wikipedia.org)
  • As many as 1 in 100 cells collected during amniocentesis are pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)
  • mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
  • Age, chronic disease, environmental factors and genetic disorders can interfere with how our stem cells communicate with other cells, thus disrupting the healing process. (infusio.org)
  • Exosomes are so-called extracellular vesicles, or small bubbles, released from cells, especially from stem cells. (infusio.org)
  • By exposing the cells of an older organism to those of a younger organism we can see that exosomes from the young stem cells are responsible for rejuvenating the older cells. (infusio.org)
  • While stem cells are usually responsible for the rejuvenation of the cells, external factors may hinder the stem cells in this function. (infusio.org)
  • Exosomes released by young stem cells have shown to be very powerful in regulating regenerative processes in the body and assisting in rejuvenation. (infusio.org)
  • Exosomes from stem cells contain valuable cell information consisting of proteins and genetic information the cell needs to function correctly. (infusio.org)
  • Recent years have brought increased interest in the potential for adult stem cells to help in the treatment of many diseases through both their regenerative properties as well as their apparent ability to alter the environment in injured and diseased tissues. (vin.com)
  • In particular, adult stem cells called mesenchymal stem cells can migrate to affected areas and may be able to support the growth of other stem cells as well as moderate the response of the immune system. (vin.com)
  • Stem cells are generally divided into two groups, embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. (vin.com)
  • Obtaining adult stem cells also does not raise ethical concerns. (vin.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent but not pluripotent, which means they can differentiate into some, or "multiple," but not all tissue types. (vin.com)
  • Most importantly stem cells possess the ability to differentiate into cell types of multiple lineages including adipocytes, chrondrocytes, and osteocytes. (vin.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely tested for treating a variety of refectory medical indications such as type 1 diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease due to their multiple differentiation potentials and immunomodulation capability [1-5]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Why Use Adipose-Derived Stem Cells? (vetstem.com)
  • uses a concentrated form of autologous adipose-derived adult stem cells to treat traumatic and degenerative diseases, including bowed tendons, ligament injuries, osteoarthritis, and osteochondral defects in horses, dogs, and cats. (vetstem.com)
  • Kim YJ, Yu JM, Joo HJ, Kim HK, Cho HH, Bae YC, Jung JS: Role of CD9 in proliferation and proangiogenic action of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. (exbio.cz)
Regulator4
  • These stem cell derived Exosomes have also shown to assist in transferring NK cells (Killer cells) into T-Regulator cells (Helper cells) By that they assist in calming an overreactive immune system and modulating it to respond in a coordinated fashion. (infusio.org)
  • Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4 (PubMed:20959412). (qedbio.com)
  • IL-7 is also a regulator of intestinal mucosal lymphocyte proliferation. (irvinesci.com)
  • GATA-3 acts as a master regulator of Th2 differentiation 12-13 . (bvsalud.org)
Modulates1
Enhances1
  • Enhances CD4+ T-cell differentiation and proliferation (PubMed:20959412). (qedbio.com)
Functional6
  • MSCs have been seen to even differentiate into neuron-like cells, but doubt remains about whether the MSC-derived neurons are functional. (wikipedia.org)
  • The defining functional feature of NK cells remains their intrinsic ability to conduct "natural killing" of cellular targets without prior sensitization. (frontiersin.org)
  • A stem cell is a generic term referring to any unspecialized cell that is capable of long-term self-renewal through cell division but that can be induced to differentiate into a specialized, functional cell. (vin.com)
  • Therefore, we analyzed the functional role of ICOS in the differentiation process of human CD4 + T cells upon their interaction with tolerogenic DC. (aai.org)
  • We compared the functional properties of CD4 + T cells from healthy volunteers and ICOS-deficient patients after stimulation with tolerogenic DC. (aai.org)
  • In the absence of functional Btk, mature B cells that express surface Ig and the marker CD19 are few to absent. (medscape.com)
Adaptive immune3
  • The adaptive immune response, primarily comprised of T and B lymphocytes, has important implications in the fracture healing process as well [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They are also key players in spread of infection via trans-CD4 T cell infection (or in cis), and stimulation of adaptive immune responses in attempt to eliminate virus. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The adaptive immune system consists of 2 types of lymphocytes: T cells (70-75% of the adaptive immune force) and B cells (10-20% of the adaptive immune force). (medscape.com)
Adipocytes2
  • The standard test to confirm multipotency is differentiation of the cells into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes as well as myocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
Undergo3
  • Furthermore, MSCs can undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation ex vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • as they undergo cell division. (lu.se)
  • Proliferation-linked shifts in eligibility of T-cell progenitors, population dynamics, DN1 cells to undergo specification thus control kinetics of T-cell generation. (lu.se)
Murine2
  • Recombinant human IL-7 (HZ-1281) stimulates dose-dependent proliferation of murine 2E8 human cell line. (ptglab.com)
  • IL-7 is essential for normal murine B cell development, and plays a key role in regulating the homeostasis and function of the T-cells. (biolegend.com)
Angiogenesis2
  • Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
  • AXL significantly promotes tumour cell migration, invasion and metastasis, as well as angiogenesis. (cancerindex.org)
Adhesion3
  • Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion (PubMed:11772392). (qedbio.com)
  • We established a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) grade cell facility to produce clinic-grade human umbilical cord derived MSCs (HUCMSCs) for treating premature ovarian failure (POF) and recurrent uterine adhesion [18, 20]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Little is known about molecular mecha- desmosomal glycoproteins, resulting in the nisms affecting mast cell and T lympho- loss of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion [ 1 ]. (who.int)
Functionally2
  • VetStem Regenerative Cell (VSRC™) therapy delivers a functionally diverse cell population able to communicate with other cells in their local environment. (vetstem.com)
  • Functionally distinct T-cell subsets are broadly identified according to their differential expression of CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. (cdc.gov)
Immune response3
  • An important class of innate immune cells that play a critical role in mediating the antitumor immune response is the natural killer (NK) cell. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dendritic cells (DC) are both widely dispersed in the body and are potent activators of effector immune response, which stresses their important role in HIV infection [1,2]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • In particular, the T-cell immune response to influenza infection has been well characterized in C57BL/6 (B6,H2 b ) mice. (cdc.gov)
Human4
  • Human NK cells are phenotypically characterized by the expression of CD56 and the absence of CD3 and can be further subdivided into a CD56 bright population and a CD56 dim population. (frontiersin.org)
  • Stem cell therapy in particular is an innovative new field of scientific investigation and clinical application that holds promise for a variety of diseases in veterinary medicine as well as human medicine. (vin.com)
  • Interleukin-21 (IL-21) was first identified in 2000 through screening of a cDNA library from CD3+ human T cells [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Success in numerous animal models of disease and emerging success in human clinical trials for Crohn's fistulas 1 and stroke, 2 along with hundreds of ongoing clinical trials (see sidebar) support the rationale for stem cell use, and now success, in veterinary medicine. (vetstem.com)