Dementia genetic basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease. Medical search. Frequent questions

Overview of Delirium and Dementia Delirium (sometimes called acute confusional state) and dementia are the most common causes of cognitive impairment, although affective disorders (eg, depression) can also disrupt cognition. (msdmanuals.com)
Patients can clinically present with disorders ranging from migraine with aura (20-40% of affected patients), ischaemic events (60-80%), dementia, seizures, 10 apathy and mood disturbances. (bmj.com)
[ 1 ] Under the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) , dementia is considered a major neurocognitive disorder, in which a deficit in cognitive functioning is acquired rather than developmental. (medscape.com)
Mitochondrial diseases are genetic disorders impairing mitochondrial functions. (bvsalud.org)
In the latest edition of the American psychiatric diagnostic system, DSM V, the term "dementia" has been limited, and the concept of neurocognitive disorders has been introduced. (thedepression.org)
For a group of muscle-wasting disorders, see Motor neuron diseases . (wikipedia.org)
ALS is a motor neuron disease , which is a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons , the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. (wikipedia.org)
In classic cases, CADASIL manifests with headaches, repeated cerebrovascular disorders, and progressive cognitive decline. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
This group includes lysosomal storage disorders, various mitochondrial diseases, other neurometabolic disorders, and several other miscellaneous disorders. (medscape.com)
Depressive disorders do not exhibit manic or hypomanic components characteristic of bipolar disease. (pharmacology2000.com)
Numerous studies have demonstrated that DM can cause damage to multiple systems, leading to complications such as heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disorders. (hindawi.com)
In the past, localized functions of the human brain have been conjectured by closely observing the clinical signs in patients who incurred insults to parts of the brain as a result of trauma or cerebrovascular disorders. (jnss.org)
Conversational turn-taking in frontotemporal dementia and related disorders. (cuanschutz.edu)
The "Surprise Question" for Prognostication in People with Parkinson's Disease & Related Disorders. (cuanschutz.edu)
ALS is part of a cluster of disorders known as motor neuron diseases that involve gradual degeneration and death of motor neurons. (parkinsonsdaily.com)
Atypical Parkinsonian disorders are progressive diseases that present with some of the signs and symptoms of Parkinsons disease, but that generally do not respond well to drug treatment with levodopa. (parkinsonsdaily.com)
The paper is devoted to the most common variant of cerebral small-vessel disease Р sporadic cerebral non-amyloid microangiopathy (SCNAMA) in the context of acute and chronic cerebral circulatory disorders. (ima-press.net)
Motor neuron diseases or motor neurone diseases ( MNDs ) are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that selectively affect motor neurons , the cells which control voluntary muscles of the body. (mdwiki.org)

Vascular dementia is a heterogeneous entity with a large clinicopathological spectrum that has been classically linked to cortical and subcortical ischemic changes resulting from systemic, cardiac, or local large- or small-vessel disease occlusion. (medscape.com)
Subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is caused mainly by small vessel disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Described by Joutel et al , 3 cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a Mendelian form of hereditary small-vessel disease and vascular dementia. (bmj.com)
CBAs may not be a significant cause of ICH but are a manifestation of severe cerebral small vessel disease including both hypertensive arteriopathy and CAA. (nature.com)
MRI was performed at 3Tesla and cardiovascular risk factors (eg, age, smoking history, and hypertension), cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers (eg, white matter hyperintensities, lacunar infarction, and enlarged perivascular space) and genetic information (eg, APOE, CR1) were recorded. (dovepress.com)
1 As one feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), CMBs were found to have a close association with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, dementia, or even mortality. (dovepress.com)
Many studies suggested that deep CMBs may relate to hypertensive small vessel disease (HTN-SVD) and strictly lobar CMBs for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), 1 but the risk factors of CMBs are not entirely clear. (dovepress.com)
Choi J. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy: a genetic cause of cerebral small vessel disease. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Also Alzheimer's disease can be mixed with arteriosclerotic small-vessel disease. (lidsen.com)

In contrast, a cognitively impaired patient with vascular risks factors but no history of cerebrovascular disease is most likely to have Alzheimer disease. (medscape.com)

[9] Around half of people with ALS develop at least mild difficulties with thinking and behavior, and about 15% develop frontotemporal dementia . (wikipedia.org)

The presence of protein aggregates is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). (bvsalud.org)

The American Academy of Neurology no longer recommends syphilis screening in the routine evaluation of dementia if patients come from geographic regions with a very low base rate of syphilis. (medscape.com)

Parkinson disease is by far the most common cause of the parkinsonian syndrome , accounting for approximately 80% of cases (the remainder being due to other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Lewy body dementia ) 1 . (radiopaedia.org)
In patients with juvenile Parkinson disease, its function is impaired, and the formation of Lewy bodies is impossible. (radiopaedia.org)
For example, aggregates of α-synuclein (α-syn) are found in α-synucleinopathies such as PD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). (bvsalud.org)
Scientists are trying to better understand the normal and abnormal functions of alpha-synuclein and its relationship to genetic mutations that impact Parkinsons disease and Lewy body dementia . (parkinsonsdaily.com)

A number of other regions including parts of the basal ganglia , brainstem , autonomic nervous system and cerebral cortex 3 . (radiopaedia.org)
It has an association with cerebrovascular disease and develops when strokes affect a specific area of the brainstem called the basal ganglia, which is involved in motor coordination and muscle tone. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging plays an important diagnostic role as it reveals multiple lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellum, as well as focal white matter lesions and diffuse leukoaraiosis changes. (annaly-nevrologii.com)

Some familial forms of Parkinson's disease, in fact, are due to genetic mutations (LRRK2, Leucine-rich repeat kinase) 21 . (radiopaedia.org)
What is vascular Parkinson's disease? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Vascular Parkinson's (VP) disease is a condition that occurs due to one or more small strokes in a specific area of the brain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
VP presents similarly to Parkinson's disease (PD) but is a separate condition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The nearly abolished dopamine transporter uptake identified by 18F-FP-CIT PET is frequently found in patients with FBXO7 mutations, which is different from the usual rostrocaudal gradient that is observed in patients with Parkinson's disease. (e-jmd.org)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is also a common neurodegenerative disease and is mainly characterized by motor dysfunction related to striatal dopaminergic depletion. (e-jmd.org)
Parkinson's disease is the most common type of parkinsonism, but there are also some rarer types where a specific cause can be identified. (parkinsonsinfoclub.com)
Parkinson's disease develops slowly over time in most peoplesome people live with the disease for years before being diagnosed. (parkinsonsinfoclub.com)
When a majority of dopamine-producing cells are;damaged, symptoms of Parkinson's disease occur. (parkinsonsinfoclub.com)
Effects of deep brain stimulation on quantitative sleep electroencephalogram during non-rapid eye movement in Parkinson's disease. (cuanschutz.edu)
Ask the MD: Is parkinsonism the same as Parkinson's disease? (parkinsonsdaily.com)
Daytime sleepiness is one of the clinically significant non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD). (ima-press.net)
Parkinson's disease affects an estimated 4% of people over the age of 50 - a number that exceeds 10 million people across the globe each year. (rupahealth.com)
Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder characterized by tremors, slowed movements, changes in writing and speech, and (at times) cognitive impairment. (rupahealth.com)
The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is generally made by a neurologist after physical examination and testing. (rupahealth.com)
Parkinson's disease is generally defined as the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in a particular part of the brain called the substantia nigra. (rupahealth.com)
Toxic metal exposures can cause nervous system symptoms that look very much like Parkinson's disease. (rupahealth.com)
Certain pesticides , herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and fumigant exposures are linked with the development of Parkinson's disease. (rupahealth.com)
While Parkinson's disease existed long before the invention of these chemicals, we know that exposure to them makes a person more likely to develop PD today. (rupahealth.com)
Much of the research in PD is devoted to understanding the genetic underpinnings of Parkinson's disease due to its perceived heritability - or likelihood of occurring in families. (rupahealth.com)
Males are about 1.5 times as likely to experience Parkinson's disease as women. (rupahealth.com)

According to a 2019 article , if the stroke affects the basal ganglia on one side of the brain, a person will experience symptoms on the opposite side of the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In a clinical setting, differences between the cognitive disturbances in vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease are of limited value in distinguishing the 2 conditions. (medscape.com)
The diagnosis of vascular dementia is usually made on the basis of clinical, neuroimaging, or neuropathologic evidence of cerebral ischemia in the presence of progressive cognitive decline. (medscape.com)
Macrocephaly is a pivotal clinical sign of many neurological diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Parkinson disease is characterized by both motor and non-motor clinical features. (radiopaedia.org)
The meeting unofficially started on Monday, 11th October with a Clinical pre-meeting at the Coordinator's institution (Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, ISD) with discussions about project results but also how to continue the collaboration beyond the EU-funded SVDs@target project. (svds-at-target.eu)
The main principles of diagnosis of this disease characterized by clinical polymorphism are discussed. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
The molecules acting through RAS predominantly ARBs and ACEI are found to be effective in various ongoing and completed clinical trials related to cognition, memory, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and pain. (hindawi.com)
Dementia is a clinical syndrome or group of symptoms that are the outcome of disease rather than being a disease itself. (therecoveryvillage.com)
however numerous clinical-pathological studies have suggested a significant contribution of cerebrovascular diseases to cognitive decline [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder in terms of clinical presentations and the density and distribution of the cardinal neuropathologic lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
Inherited Neuropathies Consortium-Rare Disease Clinical Research Network. (cuanschutz.edu)
Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 as a potential marker of acute relapse in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: Pathological and clinical aspects. (cuanschutz.edu)
OBM Geriatrics is an Open Access journal published quarterly online by LIDSEN Publishing Inc. The journal takes the premise that innovative approaches - including gene therapy, cell therapy, and epigenetic modulation - will result in clinical interventions that alter the fundamental pathology and the clinical course of age-related human diseases. (lidsen.com)
With the changing emphasis from genetic to epigenetic understandings of pathology (including telomere biology), with the use of gene delivery systems (including viral delivery systems), and with the use of cell-based therapies (including stem cell therapies), a fatalistic view of age-related disease is no longer a reasonable clinical default nor an appropriate clinical research paradigm. (lidsen.com)
It considers the clinical manifestations of the chronic form of the disease, including cognitive impairment. (ima-press.net)
[2] The clinical course depends on the specific disease, but most progress or worsen over the course of months. (mdwiki.org)
Individuals with DS or trisomy 21 develop a clinical syndrome of dementia with clinical and neuropathologic characteristics almost identical to those of AD as described in individuals without DS. (medscape.com)
One study compared the clinical findings in individuals with DS and dementia with those with dementia and intellectual disabilities. (medscape.com)

This variant is associated with severe, poorly controlled hypertension and systemic vascular disease. (msdmanuals.com)
CBAs were rare and predominantly seen in elderly individuals, many of whom had multiple systemic and cerebrovascular comorbidities including hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarcts, and CAA. (nature.com)
Hypertension, carotid stenosis, chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome all showed a strong association with SBI. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, DM has been suggested to be an individual risk factor for dementia [ 7 , 8 ], independent of other established risk factors, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
The final message is that in patients with suspected Alzheimer's disease the vascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, have to be treated as early as possible and smoking has to be avoided. (lidsen.com)
In addition to other potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia, such as being overweight, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and cardiovascular diseases, a potential prognostic role of vitamin D deficiency has been proposed [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The most common cause of basal ganglia is hypertension. (medlink.com)

Parkinsons Disease is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement and, in some cases, cognition. (parkinsonsinfoclub.com)
It is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder - behind only Alzheimer's disease in its incidence. (rupahealth.com)

7 Nodular white matter lesions are seen on imaging and most ischaemic changes occur in the basal ganglia, periventricular white matter and temporal lobes, 1 , 8 and a family with spinal cord lesions in the presence of a novel NOTCH 3 mutation has been described. (bmj.com)
The significance of small cerebrovascular lesions is frequently overlooked in patients with Alzheimer's disease. (lidsen.com)
These lesions are most commonly due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which is mainly associated in the end-stages of the disease. (lidsen.com)
The most common small cerebrovascular lesions are cortical micro-bleeds, cortical micro-infarcts, white matter changes, lacunar infarcts and superficial cortical siderosis. (lidsen.com)
These lesions can be best detected with 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging in vivo and on post-mortem examination, when the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has to be confirmed for the family. (lidsen.com)

In patients with newly diagnosed dementia, obtain neuroimaging studies (ie, CT scanning or MRI of the head) to rule out treatable causes of dementia and to aid in the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring. (elsevierpure.com)
Explanations of this concurrence includes simple coexistence at the time of the medical diagnosis, a reaction to the psychological stress of dealing with the disease, an effect resulting from the disease itself or occurring secondary to the medication used to treat the disorder. (pharmacology2000.com)

As the disease progresses to an intermediate stage, cognitive deficits increase. (thedepression.org)
Dementia is characterized by deficits in memory, decision making, planning, and the ability to orient oneself. (therecoveryvillage.com)

this contribution is of the same order as noted for ischemic heart disease. (pharmacology2000.com)

[ 2 ] All dementia share common molecular mechanisms responsible for disease etiology and progression, such as hypoxia and oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, neurodegeneration, and blood-brain barrier permeability. (medscape.com)
These findings highlight the complexity of protein aggregation in neurodegeneration and suggest potential interactions and common mechanisms underlying different diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Although the exact pathophysiology of DM-mediated dementia has not been fully elucidated, existing evidence has shown that both cerebrovascular changes and neurodegeneration are implicated in the development and progression of DM-mediated cognitive dysfunction [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
We apply this knowledge to understand how lysosomal dysfunction leads to human diseases including neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic syndrome. (stanford.edu)

Dementia affects mainly memory, is typically caused by anatomic changes in the brain, has slower onset, and is generally irreversible. (msdmanuals.com)
A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. (childrensmercy.org)
and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. (childrensmercy.org)
Different forms of dementia manifest with varying symptoms at the onset and throughout the course of the disorder. (thedepression.org)
Notch3 mutations in CADASIL, a hereditary adult-onset condition causing stroke and dementia. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Approximately 15% of patients follow a primary progressive or progressive relapsing course from disease onset, usually characterized by symptoms of progressive myelopathy (gait instability, spasticity, bladder symptoms) and cognitive impairment. (medscape.com)
Deterioration beyond the mild cognitive impairment observed in stage 3 marks the onset of dementia. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Facial-onset sensory-motor neuronopathy, a rare variant of Huntington's disease or chance association? (neuroscijournal.com)

For example, juvenile Parkinson disease has been linked to mutations in the PARK2 gene, which encodes for the enzyme ubiquitin ligase-L3. (radiopaedia.org)
As with many neurodegenerative diseases, both rare autosomal-dominant forms of AD and more common sporadic forms with genetic risk factors without causative mutations exist. (medscape.com)
lt;p>Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary CNS disease with autosomal dominant inheritance caused by NOTCH3 gene mutations. (annaly-nevrologii.com)

Traditionally, each disease has been associated with the aggregation of specific proteins, which serve as disease-specific biomarkers. (bvsalud.org)

These RAS peptides are present in astrocytes, glial cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons of various areas of the brain [ 14 , 15 ] such as the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Enzymes involved in the synthesis and elimination of 1,25-(OH) 2 D 3 are expressed in brain regions such as the thalamus, hippocampus, and basal ganglia, suggesting that vitamin D has both autocrine and paracrine pathways in the central nervous system [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A 65-year-old man is brought by his daughter to the neurologist for the management of his recently diagnosed Alzheimer's dementia. (medbullets.com)
The patient was started on donepezil for the patient's mild Alzheimer's dementia. (medbullets.com)

These problems can include difficulty concentrating, memory loss, changes in personality, a distorted view of reality (psychosis), and decline in intellectual function (dementia). (medlineplus.gov)
Dementia is defined as a set of symptoms indicating cognitive decline without a loss of consciousness, typically appearing gradually in adulthood. (thedepression.org)
People with this form of dementia experience progressive cognitive decline and significant memory loss, often coupled with focal neurological signs such as hemiparesis (partial paralysis), heightened reflexes, Babinski sign, ataxia (lack of coordination), pseudobulbar palsy, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), walking difficulties, and swallowing issues. (thedepression.org)
Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases that may result in an irreversible, gradual decline in cognitive functioning. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Dementia, characterized by impairment of overall intellectual functioning, is a chronic condition and is distinct from the normal cognitive decline observed with old age. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Dementia is characterized by chronic symptoms of cognitive decline that worsen over time. (therecoveryvillage.com)
The Global Deterioration Scale provides the clinician with a global overview of the impairment caused by dementia in terms of cognitive decline, functional abilities and behavioral symptoms, and divides the progression of dementia into seven stages. (therecoveryvillage.com)
However, in this study, tests for dementia given to persons older than 30 years showed some performance decline from 40 to 45 years. (medscape.com)

The individual approach combines a vascular risk factor modification and various therapies addressing the specific subtypes of stroke (eg, antiplatelet drugs to prevent cerebral infarction in large and small artery diseases of the brain, carotid endarterectomy or stenting for tight carotid artery stenosis, and oral anticoagulants to prevent cardiac emboli). (medscape.com)
Management of vascular disease and dementia in a young patient with suspected uncommon causes of stroke (eg, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy [CADASIL] or angiitis) involves ruling out these conditions with the appropriate testing procedures (ie, skin biopsy, cerebral angiography). (medscape.com)
Recent advances in genomics and statistical computation have allowed us to begin addressing the genetic basis of stroke at a molecular level. (bmj.com)
However, it can affect both sides of the body if the stroke affects both sides of the basal ganglia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cardiovascular risk factors, CSVD markers, and genetic factors (APOE ϵ4, CR1 non-F/F isoform) were associated with CMBs, suggesting an interaction of multiple pathogenesis in Chinese stroke-free community population. (dovepress.com)
Ongoing projects are focused on understanding how inflammatory responses are regulated after a stroke and how they affect short-term brain injury and long term outcomes like dementia and depression. (stanford.edu)
We also study the brain blood vessel response to stroke in aging, and in longer term models of dementia. (stanford.edu)
We are continually using the collected data to learn more about what happens after stroke and to help us uncover important and treatable mechanisms that lead to post-stroke dementia and depression. (stanford.edu)

Parkinson disease (PD) , also known as idiopathic parkinsonism , is a neurodegenerative disease and movement disorder characterized by resting tremor, rigidity and hypokinesia due to progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra . (radiopaedia.org)

The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer's disease. (thedepression.org)
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common progressive degenerative form of dementia, strongly associated with advancing age. (medscape.com)

These calcium deposits are visible only on medical imaging and typically occur in the basal ganglia, which are structures deep within the brain that help start and control movement of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
However, it has been observed that these protein aggregates can also occur in other neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to disease progression. (bvsalud.org)
Approximately 95% of cases of geriatric dementia (sporadic form) occur in people older than 65. (thedepression.org)
It can either occur sporadically or have a genetic component. (thedepression.org)
[6] Most of these diseases seem to occur randomly without known causes, but some forms are inherited. (mdwiki.org)
Various patterns of muscle weakness occur in different motor neuron diseases. (mdwiki.org)

Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for depression may be soon greater than that observed for cancer or HIV-related disease. (pharmacology2000.com)

Vascular dementia may have less significant memory dysfunction than Alzheimer disease. (medscape.com)
3] It is also thought that frontal dysfunction due to widespread involvement of subcortical structures in vascular dementia may lead to a dysexecutive syndrome with abulia and apathy. (medscape.com)
Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that DM is closely associated with dementia and cognition dysfunction, with recent research focusing on the role of DM-mediated cerebrovascular damage in dementia. (hindawi.com)
The aims of this paper are (1) to provide an updated overview on the association between DM and cognitive dysfunction and (2) to review the scientific evidence underpinning the use of TCM interventions for the treatment and prevention of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and dementia. (hindawi.com)

In the early stages, patients with symptoms of dementia increasingly struggle with recalling recent events while retaining older memories. (thedepression.org)
Symptoms of dementia appear gradually and the early signs of dementia tend to be subtle and difficult to detect. (therecoveryvillage.com)

Although both the GDS and the FAST describe the progression of dementia in seven stages, a patient classified as belonging to a specific stage in GDS may belong to a different state according to FAST. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Due to the role of vitamin D in neurotrophy, neurotransmission, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity, it has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play a key role in the progression of dementia and AD [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

[3] ALS is the most common form of the motor neuron diseases . (wikipedia.org)
Motor neuron diseases affect both children and adults. (mdwiki.org)
Symptoms of motor neuron diseases can be first seen at birth or can come on slowly later in life. (mdwiki.org)
Signs and symptoms depend on the specific disease, but motor neuron diseases typically manifest as a group of movement-related symptoms. (mdwiki.org)
Motor neuron diseases are on a spectrum in terms of upper and lower motor neuron involvement. (mdwiki.org)
Pure upper motor neuron diseases, or those with just UMN findings, include PLS. (mdwiki.org)
Pure lower motor neuron diseases, or those with just LMN findings, include PMA. (mdwiki.org)
Motor neuron diseases with both UMN and LMN findings include both familial and sporadic ALS. (mdwiki.org)

Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease causes progressive cognitive deterioration and is characterized by beta-amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and subcortical gray matter. (msdmanuals.com)
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an arteriopathic syndrome related to a genetic defect on chromosome 19. (ajnr.org)
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) has recently been described as a hereditary microangiopathic condition leading to cerebrovascular symptoms in the third to fourth decade of life (1, 2) . (ajnr.org)

systemic Dementia: congestive absence of the failure that is sources in its variety. (siriuspixels.com)

The condition presents as a rapidly progressing dementia with hallucinations . (medfriendly.com)

[12] The remaining 5% to 10% of cases have a genetic cause, often linked to a history of the disease in the family , and these are known as familial ALS (hereditary). (wikipedia.org)

Illarioshkin S.N. [Genetics of cerebrovascular diseases]. (annaly-nevrologii.com)

The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) explains the differences between individuals in their susceptibility to AD-related pathologies. (e-jmd.org)
Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases, with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia (caused by pathologies of blood vessels in the brain) being the most common. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Importantly, these additional pathologies significantly increase the risk for dementia compared to patients with only one pathology [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Two CBAs in the basal ganglia demonstrated associated microhemorrhages, while three demonstrated infarcts in the vicinity. (nature.com)

In particular, some premorbid experiences (i.e., physical activity and education) and modifiable factors (i.e., body mass index and white matter hyperintensity on brain image studies) could modulate an individual's capacity to tolerate PD pathology, which can be maintained throughout disease progression. (e-jmd.org)
Furthermore, the most common genetic risk factor for AD, apolipoprotein E4 ( APOE4 ), is associated with increased frequency of TDP-43 pathology. (biomedcentral.com)

Multiple neuropathologic processes may underlie dementia , including both neurodegenerative diseases and vascular disease. (medscape.com)

One study highlighted the interaction of environmental and genetic factors contributing to the predisposition to vascular dementia. (medscape.com)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease responsible for dementia. (medscape.com)

VP happens when a reduced blood supply to the brain causes one or more strokes that damage the basal ganglia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Basal ganglia hemorrhage is one of the most severe strokes. (medlink.com)

Heart failure, coronary artery disease, hyperhomocysteinemia and obstructive sleep apnea are also likely of significance. (biomedcentral.com)

Although Alzheimer disease (AD) is more frequent in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), the main contributing factor is unknown. (medscape.com)

6, 7] No approved pharmacologic treatment exists for vascular dementia, so pharmacologic therapy is directed toward risk factors or symptoms. (medscape.com)
Treat patients with risk factors for cerebrovascular disease. (medscape.com)

Multiple sclerosis is a common, chronic demyelinating neurological disease primarily affecting young adults, with a prevalence of ~0.1% in the Caucasian population (Miller and Leary, 2007). (medscape.com)
Parkinsons disease and ALS can cause difficulties in movement and are both known to be progressive neurological diseases. (parkinsonsdaily.com)
In its early stage, ALS also known as Lou Gehrigs disease may appear as Parkinsons disease, which is also a neurological disease similar to ALS. (parkinsonsdaily.com)

Purpose: The influence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unexplored. (lidsen.com)

The life expectancy for geriatric dementia is shorter if the symptoms are more severe at the beginning of the disease. (thedepression.org)
Dementia is defined by the loss of intellectual or cognitive abilities that are severe enough to impair social and occupational functioning. (therecoveryvillage.com)

In about half of individuals with primary familial brain calcification the genetic cause is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers suggest that calcium deposits lead to the features of primary familial brain calcification by disrupting the connections between the basal ganglia and other areas of the brain, particularly the frontal lobes. (medlineplus.gov)
Excessive levels of their intermediate breakdown products (glutaric acid, glutaryl-CoA, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, glutaconic acid) can accumulate and cause damage to the brain (and also other organs), but particularly the basal ganglia, which are regions that help regulate movement. (wikipedia.org)
Vascular dementia arises from brain damage primarily caused by microvascular obstructions, although not exclusively. (thedepression.org)
Parkinsons disease occurs when nerve cells in the basal ganglia, an area of the brain that controls movement, become impaired and/or die. (parkinsonsdaily.com)
Our vision is to prevent and cure disease and disability of the brain and nervous system. (edu.au)

Amyloid plaques are sometimes referred to as "senile plaques" in older literature because of their long association with dementia. (medscape.com)

SD is a devastating, yet insufficiently understood progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterised by semantic knowledge deterioration that is hypothesised to be specifically related to neural damage in the ATL. (bvsalud.org)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), also known as motor neurone disease ( MND ) or Lou Gehrig's disease , is a rare and terminal neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles . (wikipedia.org)
Most types of dementia are progressive in nature with symptoms worsening over time, and can thus be categorized into different stages depending upon the deterioration of symptoms. (therecoveryvillage.com)
Dementia is a progressive loss of cognitive and intellectual functioning without loss of consciousness. (medfriendly.com)

Konnova EA, Deftu AF, Chu Sin Chung P, Pertin M, Kirschmann G, Decosterd I, Suter MR. Characterisation of GFAP-Expressing Glial Cells in the Dorsal Root Ganglion after Spared Nerve Injury. (unil.ch)

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is acute or chronic cognitive deterioration due to diffuse or focal cerebral infarction that is most often related to cerebrovascular disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Dementia Dementia is chronic, global, usually irreversible deterioration of cognition. (msdmanuals.com)
however, a variable but measurable amount of AD pathologic changes exist in most cognitively intact elderly individuals who undergo autopsy, indicating that AD is a chronic disease with latent and prodromal stages and suggesting that individuals may have varying abilities to compensate, either biologically or functionally, for the presence of AD. (medscape.com)

Some of this phenotypical variability has been attributed to genetic differences, with familial patterns of inheritance also lending support. (bmj.com)
One is called familial CJD (fCJD), in which the patient inherits a genetic mutation (abnormality) that leads to the formation of prions that cause the condition. (medfriendly.com)

Anatomy2

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs3

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science2

Health Care1

Disorders18

Small-vessel9

History of cerebrovascular disease1

Frontotemporal dementia1

Including Parkinson's disease1

Neurology1

Lewy4

Brainstem3

Parkinson's21

20191

Clinical18

Hypertension7

Neurodegenerative disorder2

Lesions5

Diagnosis3

Deficits2

Ischemic1

Neurodegeneration4

Onset8

Mutations3

Biomarkers1

Hippocampus2

Alzheimer's Dementia2

Decline8

STROKE8

Parkinsonism1

Form of dementia2

Occur6

Depression1

Dysfunction4

Symptoms of dementia2

Progression of dementia2

Motor neuron diseases8

Subcortical3

Systemic1

Hallucinations1

Hereditary1

GENETICS1

Pathologies3

Infarcts1

Pathology2

Vascular disease1

Predisposition1

Common neurodegenerative disease1

Strokes2

Coronary artery1

Alzheimer1

Risk factors2

Neurological3

Cerebral amyloid an1

Severe2

Brain6

Amyloid1

Progressive4

Glial Cells1

Chronic3

Familial2