Cytokine secretion th2 cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

TH1 cells produce interferon-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2, and promote a cell-mediated immune response. (medscape.com)
Such information is mediated immunity, secreting the cytokine crucial to determine the optimal approach interferon-gamma (IFN) that inhibits Th2 to improve the immune response of DN cell differentiation. (who.int)
Th1-type lymphocytes that secrete cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and soluble IL-2 receptor, are possible inducers of granuloma formation. (medscape.com)
It inhibits interferon gamma (IFN-¿) synthesis in Th1 cell, and therefore it was initially called cytokine synthesis inhibiting factor (CSIF). (angioproteomie.com)
This increase in IL-4 inhibits Th-1 cells and thus suppresses interferon-gamma secretion. (medscape.com)

LncRNA and miRNA both participate in immune regulatory responses by regulating the differentiation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and activating mononuclear macrophages and DCs [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
At the same time, the role of miRNA in regulating innate immune responses, especially macrophages and granulocytes, has been shown to alter cell development, differentiation, and the release of inflammatory factors. (hindawi.com)
In addition, various adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Simultaneously, adipocytes secrete various cytokines including leptin, resistin, TNF-α and IL-6 to regulate the differentiation and function of T and B lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
Next, we summarize various cytokines produced by adipocytes that regulate the survival, activation and differentiation of B cells. (frontiersin.org)
These cytokines possess pleiotropic functions, like the regulation of immune cell activation and differentiation [1]. (iassist2012.org)
In adaptive immune system replies, the cytokine environment Prinaberel is certainly very important to the activation and differentiation of Compact disc4+ T cells into specific effector T helper (Th) cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th9, or Th17). (iassist2012.org)
function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)
Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 + T cells are essential organizers of cell-mediated immunity, participating in each stage of the immune response. (spandidos-publications.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy targeting the B cell specific differentiation antigen CD19 has shown clinical efficacy in a subset of relapsed/refractory (r/r) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. (frontiersin.org)
Accordingly, 6-gingerol suppressed in vitro differentiation of both Th1 cells and Th2 cells from naïve T cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The focus of this review is to highlight the role of statins in modulating the function and differentiation of various blood cells. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
SRY-box transcription factor 11 (SOX11) is a member of the SOX C protein family and is implicated in multiple biological processes, such as neurogenesis, cell differentiation, and embryonic development. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Oral administration of BCE in a dose-independent manner regulated the balance of Th1/Th2/Treg cell differentiation in AR mice. (udn.vn)
Analysis of specific genes involved in CD4+ differentiation and function revealed differential methylation status of TBX21, GATA3, RORC, FOXP3, IL10 and IFNG in tumor CD4+ T-cells. (oncotarget.com)
Our results suggest that GBM might induce epigenetic alterations in tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells there by influencing anti-tumor immune response by manipulating differentiation and function of tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells. (oncotarget.com)
In order to prevent this, the differentiation and activation of CD4 T-helper cells has to be tightly regulated. (globaltechbiz.com)
Differentiation of Th17 cells requires the combined actions of TGFin humans. (globaltechbiz.com)
IL2 plays an important role as a growth factor, differentiation factor, and regulator of cell death. (thermofisher.com)

T-helper 2 (Th2) inflammation is a hallmark of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) and eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) although the pathogenesis is poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
The purpose of this study was to synthesize multiple lines of evidence suggesting that P-gp may promote inflammation in Th2 polarized CRS endotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
The findings of 8 prior studies (5 in vitro and 3 clinical) by our research consortium were examined for the presence of a consistent mechanistic framework linking the presence of altered P-gp expression and function to enhanced Th2 inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
The P-gp overexpression found in CRSwNP and eCRS may therefore be interpreted as playing a central role in the maintenance of Th2 inflammation through enhanced cytokine secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
Interleukin (IL)17-producing Th17 cells, which are different from Th1 and Th2 cells, have been described as serving critical roles in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancer development ( 8 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The increased U-EPX values at 3 months after the RSV infection compared to the controls and also the slightly increased U-EPX values at that time indicate that the RSV infection causes activation of eosinophils and probably leads to a Th2 type inflammation in the majority of the children. (laeknabladid.is)
TH17 cells produce IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22 to help fight extracellular pathogens, to produce antimicrobial peptides, and to promote neutrophil inflammation essential for immunity at the skin and mucosal surfaces. (medscape.com)
The data suggest that diabetic mice present impaired immunological response to Pb18 infection and insulin modulates inflammation by reducing IL-6 levels in lung and CINC-1 levels in spleen and liver homogenates, restoring leukocyte concentrations in PeLF and also restoring populations of dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in lungs of diabetic mice, permitting the host to better control the infection. (hindawi.com)
Fractions of Suppress LTA, LTC, Cyclooxygenase-2 Activities and mRNA in HL-60 Cells and Reduce Lung Inflammation in BALB/c Mice. (boswellia.org)
Autopsy revealed necrotizing vasculitis involving pericardial and intramyocardial vessels, as well as eosinophilic and giant cell inflammation of the heart and lungs, supporting the diagnosis of CSS. (medscape.com)
The histological feature of AR is typical type 2 inflammation is induced mainly by the type 2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-15, and IL-13. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
It is usually well known that innate immune cells are important causes of hepatic inflammation, because the liver is usually selectively enriched in macrophages (Kupffer cells), natural monster (NK), and natural monster T (NKT) cells [1]. (globaltechbiz.com)
In addition, the infiltration of monocytes upon liver injury is usually an important cellular mechanism to perpetuate chronic inflammation and to activate profibrogenic hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in mice and men [3, 4]. (globaltechbiz.com)
However, during conditions of chronic liver damage, adaptive immune cells are also crucially involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic inflammation. (globaltechbiz.com)
This paper will present the concept of different CD4+ T-helper cell subsets and summarize their proposed functions during liver diseases, with a focus on the current knowledge about the role of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines in liver inflammation in mice and men. (globaltechbiz.com)
As a result, there is a reduction of cellular debris clearance (autophagy), decreased the pool of stem cells, increase in inflammation and cellular senescence. (geresdengle.com)
6). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma were analyzed for cellular inflammation, cytokines, immunoglobulin E and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. (cdc.gov)
Although CNC exposures are associated with pulmonary inflammation and damage as well as oxidative stress responses and genotoxicity in vivo, studies evaluating cell transformation or tumorigenic potential of CNC's were not previously conducted. (cdc.gov)
Febrile illness was used as a clinical marker of inflammation and elevated concentrations of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10) in sera collected from a subset of the cohort (N = 127) at 6 months of age were used as biomarkers of inflammation. (cdc.gov)
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to deficient insulin production type 1 or type 2, that is preceded by systemic inflammation, leading to reduced pancreatic β-cell function, apoptosis and insulin resistence 3 , the latter being more prevalent in adults. (bvsalud.org)

Programmed cell death ligands 1 (PD-L1, B7-H1, CD274) and (PD-L2, B7-DC, CD273) belong to the B7 family and are widely expressed in activated T cells, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and other cells to regulate activation or inhibition [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells ( e.g ., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. (wjgnet.com)
1. Launch The disease fighting capability comprises innate (dendritic cells, macrophages, granulocytes, etc.) and adaptive (T and B cells) immune system cell types. (iassist2012.org)
Once inhaled by the host, the fungus interacts with alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells present in the lungs, where it can form a pulmonary focus or spread through the blood and lymphatic vessels [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The activation of macrophages leads to the production of T helper 1 (Th1) inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α , interleukin- (IL-) 1 β , IL-6, and IL-12, whereas limited activation develops into a Th2 response (IL-4 secretion) [ 11 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
In lean adipose tissue, IL-4 secreted by eosinophils and Th2 cells activates M2 type macrophages, which express arginase and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. (molcells.org)
Macrophages are the main source of IL-10, and its secretion can be stimulated by endotoxin (via Toll-like receptor 4, NF-¿B dependent), tumor necrosis factor TNF-a (via TNF receptor p55, NF-¿B-dependent), catecholamines, and IL-1. (angioproteomie.com)
IL-10 controls inflammatory processes by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules as well as antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules in monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. (angioproteomie.com)
IL-10 inhibits the capacity of monocytes and macrophages to present antigen to T cells. (angioproteomie.com)
The infiltration of multiple types of tumor-promoting immune cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune cells, mediates immune evasion and tumor progression [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Total cells, macrophages, and eosinophils recovered in BALF lavage were significantly elevated in the OVA + PM/OVA compared to OVA/OVA group. (cdc.gov)
Differential responses of murine alveolar macrophages to elongate mineral particles of asbestiform and non-asbestiform varieties: Cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion and transcriptional changes. (cdc.gov)
Alveolar macrophages (AM) are the first responders to inhaled particulates, participating in clearance and activating other resident and recruited immunocompetent cells, impacting the long-term outcomes. (cdc.gov)

It has been confirmed that naïve (uncommitted) CD4 + T cells can be induced to different specific lineages according to the local cytokine, including towards T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
CD4+ T-cells are subdivided into classes: effector T-cells (TH1, TH2, TH17 cells), memory T-cells, and T-regulatory (Treg) cells. (medscape.com)
CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells are essential in peripheral tolerance and serve to suppress dysregulated immune responses. (medscape.com)
Regulatory T (Treg) cells also play an important role in anti-inflammatory responses via cell-cell contact or cytokine secretion involving IL-10. (molcells.org)
Characterized by the expression of the critical transcription factor forkhead box protein P3, regulatory T (Treg) cells are an essential part of the immune system, with a dual effect on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
By focusing on the critical roles of different metabolic programs, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid metabolism, as well as their essential regulators in modulating Treg proliferation, migration, and function, we hope to provide new insights into Treg cell-targeted antitumor immunotherapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Among them, Treg cells, which represent the master regulatory cells and participate in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, are regarded as the chief obstacle to antitumor immunity [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Nowadays, CD4 T-helper cells are divided into four major subsets, based on their manifestation profile of transcription factors and secreted cytokines: Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells (Treg) (Physique 1). (globaltechbiz.com)
Treg cells are characterized by the manifestation of the transcription factors Foxp3 and STAT5 and the manifestation of CD25 on their surface [15]. (globaltechbiz.com)
TGFalone, in absence of other proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6, induces FoxP3+ regulatory T cells instead of Th17 cells, which shows the close relationship TC-A-2317 HCl supplier between Th17 and Treg. (globaltechbiz.com)

Furthermore, the proliferation of Th17 cells and Th17‑associated cytokines, including interleukin (IL)17, IL23 and RAR‑related orphan receptor γt, was analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
The colony formation assay was used to identify the effects of AKBA on cell proliferation. (boswellia.org)
In addition, 6-gingerol suppressed both superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)- and anti-CD3-induced T cell proliferation. (elsevierpure.com)
Thus, our results demonstrate that 6-gingerol suppresses cytokine production for T cell activation and proliferation, thereby not causing B cell and mast cell activation and resulting in prevention or alleviation of allergic rhinitis symptoms. (elsevierpure.com)
Oral tolerance was induced by a single feeding with OVA, and was demonstrated by diminished antibody production in vivo, and by reduced cytokine secretion or proliferation in vitro. (nih.gov)
CD25 (IL2 receptor alpha chain/IL2RA) is a cytokine that plays a role in the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
IL-2 stimulates the proliferation of B cells, augments natural killer cell activity, and inhibits granulocyte macrophage colony formation. (thermofisher.com)

UVB exposure alone induced significant tissue damage and secretion of cytokines/chemokines. (cdc.gov)
DNA damage assessment and cell cycle analysis revealed differences in the modes of cell death between asbestos and respective CF. There was an increase in chemokines, but not pro-inflammatory cytokines after all EMP treatments. (cdc.gov)

Interestingly, inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels upon exposure to Me/MeO NPs, with or without UVB pre-treatment, followed similar trends compared to cell/tissue damage i.e. (cdc.gov)
Neutrophils, which are early responders to inflammatory responses, infiltrate the adipose tissue where they secrete elastase and also stimulate M1 type macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. (molcells.org)
The autoimmune nature of diabetes and inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (as markers the major contribution of lymphocyte T- of inflammatory changes) and the soluble cells are well established. (who.int)

Chaga modulates immune responses through secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines (bioactive chemicals) in immune cells, and Chaga regulates antigen-specific antibody production. (chocolatree.com)
Chances are that KSRP modulates cytokine creation also via its capability to promote the maturation of a particular subset of miRNAs [12]. (iassist2012.org)
Two studies performed in primary epithelial cell culture demonstrated that P-gp expression is responsive to TLR4 stimulation and modulates Th2 cytokine secretion. (biomedcentral.com)

At this phase, dendritic cells (DCs) of the nasal mucosa take up the allergen, process it, and nest it to the draining lymph node, presenting it to the naive CD4 + T cells [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, diabetic mice presented a reduced influx of TCD4+ cells, TCD8+ cells, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and dendritic cells compared to control infected groups. (hindawi.com)
Insulin treatment restored the leukocyte number in PeLF and restored the presence of B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells in lungs of diabetic animals. (hindawi.com)
Immunologically, AD is driven by TSLP-secretion by keratinocytes and epithelial cells which modulate dendritic cell (DC) and basophil function to preferentially induce a Th2 immune response. (springeropen.com)
It activates mucosal dendritic cells in gastrointestinal Peyer's patches to stimulate the activity of both innate and adaptive immune system responses [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This occurs both through KM 11060 direct stimulation of iNKT cell functions and by transactivation of other effectors most notably NK cells and dendritic cells (Brennan et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
By visualizing glycolipid antigen presentation directly with monoclonal antibodies specific for complexes of αGC bound to CD1d we showed that the CD8α+DEC-205+ subset of dendritic cells was the major APC in the spleen for a range of αGC analogs irrespective of their chemical structures and cytokine biasing activities. (biotech-angels.com)
Interaction of CD8α+ dendritic cells (DCs) with iNKT cells during presentation of Th1 cell-biasing versus Th2 cell-biasing glycolipid antigens led to markedly different changes in expression of costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules on these. (biotech-angels.com)

After 55 days, infected diabetic mice exhibited fewer leukocytes in both peritoneal lavage fluid (PeLF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and reduced secretion of interleukin- (IL-) 6 in lungs. (hindawi.com)
This role is partly mediated by CSS patients' T cells, which predominantly exhibit an activated Th2 phenotype, resulting in the secretion of high levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-5. (medscape.com)
Interleukin-13-stimulated human nasal mucosa epithelial cells were used for in vitro studies. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Furthermore, allergic rhinitis mice exhibited overproduction of epithelial-derived cytokines (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-25, interleukin-33), C-C motif chemokine ligand 26 (CCL26), and mucin 5 AC (MUC5AC). (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
In human nasal mucosa epithelial cells, interleukin-13 enhanced SOX11 expression in a time-dependent manner, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) was involved in the interleukin-13-mediated expression of SOX11 by regulating transcription. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Knockdown of SOX11 reduced epithelial-derived cytokine expression and MUC5AC levels in interleukin-13-treated human nasal mucosa epithelial cells. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Anergy, as a mechanism for tolerance, was demonstrated by the ability to reverse the tolerant state after culturing tolerant cells in recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). (nih.gov)
The receptor of this cytokine (IL2RA) is a heterotrimeric protein complex with a gamma chain also shared by interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 7 (IL7). (thermofisher.com)
3 A number of biological drugs are now approved for use in RA and target tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL) 1 receptor, IL-6 receptor, costimulation through CTLA-4 and B cells through depletion with anti-CD20. (bmj.com)
Kim YD, Cho JS, Kim HS, Song SH: Effect of macrolide on the interleukin-1 β-mediated MUC2/5AC genes expression and mucin secretion in human airway epithelial cells. (karger.com)
[ 6 ] T cells and interleukin (IL)‒17 are protective. (medscape.com)

Viral regulation of B7 family inhibitory molecules in epithelial cells leads to suppression or termination of immune responses [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux pump which is expressed within sinonasal mucosa and is capable of regulating cytokine transport in both epithelial and T-cells. (biomedcentral.com)
pp. 558-572) demonstrate that recombinant human hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (rhHAPLN1) significantly reduces the extended airspaces of the emphysematous alveoli by increasing the levels of TGF-β receptor I and SIRT1/6, as a previously unrecognized mechanism in human alveolar epithelial cells, and consequently mitigates COPD. (molcells.org)
Expression levels of SOX11, epithelial-derived cytokines, and mucin were determined in both modesls. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Silencing SOX11 alleviated the behavioral symptoms and upregulation of epithelial-derived cytokines, CCL26, and MUC5AC. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
SOX11 plays a critical role in allergic rhinitis development by regulating epithelial-derived cytokines and might be a new therapeutic target for allergic rhinitis. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
5 In addition to these Th2 cell-secreted molecules, damaged airway epithelial cells participate in the sensitization process via the secretion of cytokines, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-25, and IL-33, to trigger Th2 immune responses. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
10 These studies demonstrate the ability of SOX11 to regulate inflammatory responses and epithelial-derived cytokines. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
Given these findings, we hypothesized that SOX11 knockdown might alleviate AR by inhibiting epithelial-derived cytokines. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
It presents a functional unit of a physical barrier consisting of a mucus layer and a monolayer of epithelial cells and of a mucosal lymphoid system that together efficiently discriminate between pathogenic and commensal microorganisms 16 . (nature.com)
16-membered) on MUC5AC and MUC2 gene expression and secretion from human airway epithelial cells. (karger.com)
Confluent NCI-H292 human mucoepidermoid airways epithelial cells were pretreated with AZM or MDM for 2 h and then stimulated with 200 nmol/l phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 8 h. (karger.com)
The present study demonstrates that AZM and MDM suppress the synthesis of mucin and TNF-α from human airway epithelial cells. (karger.com)
Shimizu T, Shimizu S: Azithromycin inhibits mucus hypersecretion from airway epithelial cells. (karger.com)
Cigana C, Assael BM, Melotti P: Azithromycin selectively reduces tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. (karger.com)
In this study, we aimed to assess the neoplastic-like transformation potential of two forms of CNC derived from wood (powder and gel) in human pulmonary epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) in comparison to fibrous tremolite (TF), known to induce lung cancer. (cdc.gov)

The prevalence of Th17 cells and their receptors in patients with LSCC was studied using immunohistochemical analysis via tissue microarray technology. (spandidos-publications.com)
Flow cytometry was used to investigate the percentage of Th17 and Th1 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results revealed that the prevalence of Th17 cells in patients with LSCC was elevated in their primary tumors, as well as in peripheral blood, compared with that in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was further demonstrated that Th17 cells could be induced and expanded in the tumor microenvironment through cytokines produced by the tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
In conclusion, Th17 cells have a substantial impact on the carcinogenesis of LSCCs, and could serve as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the anti‑tumor response in these carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
Considering these facts, it could be concluded that pro-inflammatory Th17 cells may have extensive effects on LSCC pathogenesis and anti-tumor response. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present study revealed that patients with LSCC have elevated levels of Th17 cells in their primary tumors and peripheral blood compared with those in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, the LSCC microenvironment was identified as a strong Th17-cell inducer. (spandidos-publications.com)
Th17 cells are a more recently discovered subset of CD4+ T-helper cells characterized by the production of their signature cytokine IL-17. (globaltechbiz.com)
Development of Th17 cells is usually suppressed by IFNand IL-4 that promote Th1 or Th2 cells, respectively [24]. (globaltechbiz.com)

Th2 cell produce cytokines such as IL-3, IL-4 and IL-5 which promote development and survival of other immune cells such as B cells and eosinophils. (tocris.com)
Possible cross-talk occurs between eosinophils and Th2-type lymphocytes in CSS via the secretion of IL-25, a potent Th2-response enhancer, by the eosinophils themselves. (medscape.com)
Eotaxin-3, a chemokine highly secreted by endothelial and inflammatory cells in CSS patients' damaged tissues, seems to directly target eosinophils toward affected tissues. (medscape.com)

Cytotoxic T cells are required for virus clearance, but Th2 cells have been implicated in enhanced pathology following RSV infection. (laeknabladid.is)
Antigen nonspecific methods include the use of cytotoxic drugs that interfere with all cell division in the body [ 383 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Type II reactions (i.e., cytotoxic hypersensitivity reactions) involve immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M antibodies bound to cell surface antigens, with subsequent complement fixation. (medscape.com)
OSCC specimens presented distinct immune cell composition, including the enrichment of monocyte lineage cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, regulatory T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils. (bvsalud.org)
Compared to healthy controls (n=24), DLBCL patients (n=33) showed significant lymphopenia, due to low CD3 + CD4 + T helper and CD3 - CD56 + NK cell counts, while cytotoxic CD3 + CD8 + T cell counts were similar. (frontiersin.org)
In vitro , CD3 + CD8 + CD27 - CD28 - compared to CD3 + CD8 + CD27 + CD28 + CART cells displayed similar CD19 + target cell-specific cytotoxicity, but were hypoproliferative and produced less cytotoxic cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α). (frontiersin.org)
IL-17 specifically IL-17A , was discovered in 1993 originally as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 8 (CTLA8) in a rodent T cell cDNA transcript (Rouvier et al. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
On the one hand, tumor cells are under immunosurveillance in the presence of various proinflammatory cells, such as CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD4 + type 1 helper T (Th1) cells, and natural killer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The immunosuppressive TME of PDAC is characterized by T cell exhaustion resulting in the loss of cytotoxic effector functions. (biomedcentral.com)
They provide help for antigen-presenting cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to initiate and promote adaptive immune responses. (globaltechbiz.com)

Evidence indicates that the maternal immune system may tolerate fetal antigens by suppressing cell-mediated immunity while retaining normal humoral immunity. (cdc.gov)
Several studies have shown that adipocytes highly express CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and stimulates the activation of iNKT cells ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
The most common allergic response is Type I. IgE antibodies are produced in response to an allergen in the sensitization phase and antigens are presented to T-helper (Th2) cells. (tocris.com)
Immune cells that reside in or travel through the liver have the potential to initiate either (a) innate and adaptive immune responses in case of infections, for example, in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or bacterial superantigens or (b) immunological tolerance to the vast majority of TC-A-2317 HCl supplier harmless antigens during homeostasis [1]. (globaltechbiz.com)
Activation of CD4+ T cells is usually crucial for the removal of many invading pathogens, but inadvertently they can also become responsive to self antigens, thus leading to autoimmune diseases. (globaltechbiz.com)
Many hematopoietic cell types express CD1d and so are with the capacity of presenting glycolipid antigens to invariant natural killer T?cells (iNKT cells). (biotech-angels.com)
Graphical Abstract Introduction Natural killer T?cells with invariant T?cell receptor α chains (iNKT cells) are a conserved population that recognizes KM 11060 glycolipid antigens bound to CD1d a lipid antigen-presenting molecule with structural similarities to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins (Brennan et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
2008 Multiple studies show that this transactivation is influenced by the precise structure of glycolipid antigens which has enabled manipulation of immune responses with structural analogs of αGC (Venkataswamy and Porcelli 2010 For example derivatives of αGC containing truncated or unsaturated N-acyl chains induce responses in which cytokines typically associated with T helper-2 (Th2) cells predominate KM 11060 and transactivation of NK cells is limited (Yu et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
2003 Several models have been put forth to explain how variations in the structure of glycolipid antigens lead to different outcomes of iNKT cell activation. (biotech-angels.com)
1997 it has been proposed that selective presentation by different cell types could account for variation in functional outcomes with different glycolipid antigens (Bezbradica et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

In a fasting state, increased glucagon and epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion induce autophagy, and glucocorticoids have also been shown to induce autophagy by stimulating the transcription of autophagy genes such as ATG5, LC3, and Beclin-1 in various tissues 8 . (nature.com)
These cytokines induce the manifestation of the orphan nuclear receptor RORand STAT3 are also activated [22, 23]. (globaltechbiz.com)
2011 A unifying feature of αGC analogs that induce predominantly Th2 cell-associated cytokines is that they are more polar than KRN7000 and can load directly onto CD1d molecules on the cell surface (Im et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
2011 In contrast glycolipids that induce responses that are biased toward Th1 cell cytokines are more hydrophobic and require intracellular loading onto CD1d for presentation (Arora et?al. (biotech-angels.com)

Periodontal disease is considered a chronic infectious inflammatory disease characterized by intense leukocyte infiltration in the periodontal tissue resulting in secretion of various cytokines that lead to deleterious inflammatory processes and destruction of the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone 1 . (bvsalud.org)

Although the immune system changes are not well understood, a shift from cell-mediated immunity toward humoral immunity is believed to occur. (cdc.gov)
The adaptive immune response consists of T cell-mediated cellular immunity and B cell-mediated humoral immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, adipocytes play an important role in B cell-mediated adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
This review describes how adipocytes participate in adaptive immunity from the perspective of T cells and B cells, and discusses their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. (frontiersin.org)
There are two main mechanisms in the adaptive immune system-humoral immunity and cellular immunity, which are mediated by antibodies and cells respectively. (frontiersin.org)
The T and B cells are the major components of adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Type IV reactions (i.e., delayed hypersensitivity reactions, cell-mediated immunity) are mediated by T cells rather than by antibodies. (medscape.com)
CD4+ helper T (Th) cells play a critical role in shaping anti-tumor immunity by virtue of their ability to differentiate into multiple lineages in response to environmental cues. (oncotarget.com)
Some tumor cell-inherent resistance mechanisms, such as the tumor mutational burden and aberrant expression of oncogenic pathways, restrain antitumor immunity [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
2. T-Helper Cell Subsets CD4+ T-helper cells are major players in adaptive immunity. (globaltechbiz.com)
Proposed mechanisms to account for the increased susceptibility of individuals with AD to develop KVE or EH include systemic immune defects involving both cell-mediated and humoral immunity, as well as impairment in cutaneous immune responses that are interrelated with the defective mechanical barrier properties of affected skin in person with AD. (medscape.com)

Hierarchical cluster analysis resulted in two major clusters separating cytokines production related to inflammatory cell recruitment (more intense) and TH2-type/regulatory immune responses (dimmed). (cdc.gov)
[ 57 ] Memory T-cells rapidly differentiate into effector T-cells in secondary immune responses. (medscape.com)

mice favour Th2-driven immune system responses. (iassist2012.org)
Each Th cell subset is certainly seen as a a predominant cytokine design, which determines the function from the cell in immune system responses. (iassist2012.org)
Adipocytes expressing MHC I could mediate CD8 T cell responses whereas those expressing MHC II molecules could regulate CD4 T cell responses. (molcells.org)
1 The clinical manifestations of AR are caused by a series of inhalant allergen-induced type 2 helper T (Th2) cell responses, including excessive allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) release, mast cell activation, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell hyperplasia. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
In the skin, H1Rs are expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, neurons, and different immune cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, and T and B cells where their activation drives the typical symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity responses, comprising edema and pruritus [ 10 ]. (springeropen.com)
Inflammatory responses upon liver injury comprise resident as well as infiltrating immune cells. (globaltechbiz.com)
2005 On the other hand replacing the O-glycosidic linkage of αGC with a nonhydrolyzable carbon linker gives a C-glycoside variant that induces cytokine responses biased toward cytokines characteristic of T helper 1 (Th1) cells along with enhanced transactivation of NK cells and their secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (Schmieg et?al. (biotech-angels.com)

In patients with histamine-dependent allergic reactions, G. lucidum effectively regulates the balance between cytokines produced by Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes [35]. (researchgate.net)
Our results show that CNCM I-3690 can (i) physically maintain modulated goblet cells and the mucus layer and (ii) counteract changes in local and systemic lymphocytes. (nature.com)

Cytotoxicity, cytokines secretion and transcriptional changes were evaluated. (cdc.gov)

This promotes effector cells' release of multiple inflammatory mediators, including histamine, leukotriene, prostaglandin D2, and other products [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, Th2 cells are important mediators of type I allergy, and it has been reported that ncRNA promotes Th2 cell migration to target organs by regulating chemokine gene expression [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Crosslinking of IgE on mast cells leads to their degranulation and the release of mediators responsible for the allergic reaction. (tocris.com)
These mediators increase mucus secretion and promote vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction. (tocris.com)
Type I reactions (i.e., immediate hypersensitivity reactions) involve immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils. (medscape.com)
Th1 cells are effectors of cell- sis on these mediators. (who.int)
The anti-pruritic effects are mediated by a reduction of histamine-dependent release of pruritogenic pro-inflammatory mediators such as bradykinins, serotonin, prostaglandins, and substance P by mast cells which all can confer an itching sensation. (springeropen.com)

As a result, it adversely regulates the appearance of immune system modulatory cytokines like TNF-and type I interferons [7, 11]. (iassist2012.org)
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that P-gp regulates the secretion of Th2 polarizing cytokines from its host cell. (biomedcentral.com)

Vδ3 T cells were sorted and expanded by mitogen stimulation in the presence of IL-2. (manchester.ac.uk)
Eosinophil activation in CSS requires specific cytokine stimulation. (medscape.com)

Vδ3 T cells accounted for ∼0.2% of circulating T cells, included CD4+, CD8+, and CD4-CD8 - subsets, and variably expressed CD56, CD161, HLA-DR, and NKG2D but neither NKG2A nor NKG2C. (manchester.ac.uk)
The aim of our research was to determine how immunotherapy changes the proportion of lymphocyte subsets in dog peripheral blood and the levels of cytokines secreted by these cells during therapy. (mdpi.com)
T-cells have 2 subsets of betic patients with and without nephropathy. (who.int)
The first two subsets, Th1 and Th2, were recognized in the 1980s, when it became obvious that CD4+ T cells can develop into impartial subsets [7]. (globaltechbiz.com)

6-Gingerol also abrogated PMA plus ionomycin- and SEB-induced IL-2 production in T cells, suggesting that 6-gingerol affected T cell receptor-mediated signal transduction rather than the antigen-presentation process. (elsevierpure.com)
However, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which have produced unprecedented clinical benefits in a variety of different cancers, produce promising results in only some highly selected patients with PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)
The B-cell receptor consists of an Ig molecule anchored to the cell's surface. (msdmanuals.com)

In mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis, oral administration of 2% ginger diet reduced the severity of sneezing and nasal rubbing by nasal sensitization of OVA and suppressed infiltration of mast cells in nasal mucosa and secretion of OVA-specific IgE in serum. (elsevierpure.com)
Impaired immune effector cell infiltration and inactivation of the immune response contribute to the poor prognosis of PDAC patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Some studies suggest that coregulatory molecules and cytokines may play a role [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Obese adipocytes overexpress MHC class II molecules and costimulators to act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and promote the activation of CD4 + T cells. (frontiersin.org)
The adipocyte was reported as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) which expresses CD1d and MHC class I and II molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, like other nucleated cells, adipocytes express MHC class I molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Molecules and Cells is an international on-line open-access journal devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge in all areas of biology. (molcells.org)
Adipocytes could act as antigen presenting cells via expression of key molecules for antigen presentation in obese adipose tissue. (molcells.org)
In addition, adipocytes could modulate the function and activation of iNKT cells via high expression of CD1d molecules in adipose tissue. (molcells.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
This is realized by downregulation of constitutive and IFN¿-induced cell surface levels of MHC class II, of costimulatory molecules such as CD86, and of some adhesion molecules such as CD58. (angioproteomie.com)
2012 However other studies yielded different conclusions identifying pharmacokinetic properties of the glycolipids or localization of CD1d molecules containing bound glycolipids to different membrane microdomains as major determinants of cytokine skewing in the response to iNKT cell activation (Im et?al. (biotech-angels.com)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)

inhibited in the presence of proinflammatory cytokines. (globaltechbiz.com)
They symbolize another subtype of proinflammatory T-helper cells that differs from Th1 and Th2 cells in development and function. (globaltechbiz.com)

In this work, the purified fractions were tested in-vitro for LTC, LTA and COX-2 activities using ELISA and qPCR was performed to determine gene regulation in human leukemia (HL-60) Cells. (boswellia.org)

Cytokine appearance is governed by EZH2 transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational systems. (iassist2012.org)

Reversal of the tolerant state in vivo was established by antibody production in irradiated mice adoptively transferred with cells cultured in the presence of rIL-2. (nih.gov)

Max Planck Institute (MPI) cells, a non-transformed mouse line that has an AM phenotype and genotype, were treated with mass-, surface area- (s.a.), and particle number- (p.n.) equivalent concentrations of respirable asbestiform and non-asbestiform riebeckite/tremolite EMP for 24h. (cdc.gov)

1995). This cytokine was found to stimulate human fibroblasts to secrete IL-6, IL-8, and upregulate ICAM-1 expression. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

More interestingly, a large number of noncoding fragments were found in peripheral blood cells of patients with asthma, including natural antisense chains, pseudogenes, and differential expression of ncRNA between genes [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, some scholars found a large number of lncRNA in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, with phased expression [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
A dysregulated immune system (including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. (wjgnet.com)
Restricted regulation of cytokine expression is essential in order to avoid an damaging and overpowering immune system response. (iassist2012.org)
secretion or mRNA expression. (cdc.gov)
These findings were replicated in 2 organotypic nasal polyp explant studies which demonstrated that the secretion of IL-5 and TSLP was highly correlated with P-gp expression and could be blocked using the P-gp inhibitors Verapamil or Zosuquidar. (biomedcentral.com)
The present study investigated the expression of T helper (Th)17 cytokines in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance in providing new therapeutic insights. (spandidos-publications.com)
Expression profiles were analysed by comparing the mean change of signal intensity in cytokine stimulated vs not stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the 4 different phenotypes. (laeknabladid.is)
6-Gingerol inhibited the expression of not only Th2 cytokines but also Th1 cytokines in OVA-sensitized spleen cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Expression of galectins in normal lymphoid cells Each member of the galectin family exhibits a specific expression pattern in distinct tissues, and galectin expression is regulated during development. (fdocuments.net)
This is particularly true for galectin family members because changes in their expression levels correlate with alterations in cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. (fdocuments.net)
Analysis of lineage specific genes revealed differential methylation and gene expression in tumor CD4+ T-cells. (oncotarget.com)
With this review, we provide an overview on histamine and the expression of its four receptors on skin resident and nonresident cells. (springeropen.com)
AZM and MDM attenuated PMA-induced MUC5AC and MUC2 gene and protein expression in NCI-H292 cells. (karger.com)
Koontongkaew S, Monthanapisut P, Saensuk T: Inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism decreases tumor cell invasion and matrix metalloproteinase expression. (karger.com)
2005 This possibility was supported by a recent study using lineage-specific conditional deletion of gene expression which identified presentation by different types of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) as a major factor underlying the cytokine biasing properties of different αGC variants (Bai et?al. (biotech-angels.com)

Subsequently, naive CD4 + T cells are activated and differentiated into allergen-specific helper T cells type 2 (Th2 cells), which activate B cells to differentiate into plasma cells, resulting in the production of allergen-specific IgE [ 6 - 8 ] and release into the circulatory system. (hindawi.com)

It is also known that an effective response against Pb depends on both TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocyte activation in the presence of ideal concentrations of Th1 inflammatory cytokines [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading selectin), and soluble thrombomodulin--are cause of chronic renal failure and is a grow- providing further evidence of the relation- ing concern given the increasing incidence ship between endothelial cell activation and of type 2 diabetes. (who.int)
In addition to their efficient lipid-lowering effects, statins exhibit independent so called pleiotropic effects potentially affecting several immune response properties including immune cell activation, migration, cytokine generation, immune metabolism, and survival. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)

We analyzed the frequencies, phenotypes, restriction elements, and functions of fresh and expanded peripheral blood Vδ3 T cells. (manchester.ac.uk)
Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and TNFa. (laeknabladid.is)
In due course, the stem cells in the bone marrow reconstitute the peripheral lymphoid system but the newly formed T cells seem to accept the graft as self [ 403 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
In this review, we discuss the common and distinct metabolic profiles of Tregs in peripheral tissues and the TME, as well as the differences between Tregs and other conventional T cells in their metabolic preferences. (biomedcentral.com)

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a complex and dynamic disease characterized by clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. (bvsalud.org)

Adipocytes are the main constituent cells of adipose tissue. (frontiersin.org)
PCD has fundamental functions in tissue development and homeostasis, as PCD is activated to sculpt or remove structures, regulate cell numbers, and eliminate unnecessary or dysfunctional cells. (nature.com)
Interactions of adipose tissue immune cells. (molcells.org)
However, in obese adipose tissue the number of pro-inflammatory immune cells is increased and that of anti-inflammatory immune cells is decreased. (molcells.org)
In addition, levels of IFN-γ-secreting cell types, such as Th1 cells, CD8 T cells, and mast cells, are elevated in obese adipose tissue. (molcells.org)
Interestingly, we observed dysregulation of several ligands of T cell function genes in GBM tissue corresponding to the T-cell receptors that were dysregulated in tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells. (oncotarget.com)
Immune cells engage in extensive and dynamic crosstalk with stromal components in the tumor tissue in addition to tumor cells, which subsequently impacts tumor suppression or promotion to a large extent. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we discuss how infiltrating immune cells influence PDAC development and explore the contributions of complex components to the immune landscape of tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

Therefore, it really is apparent that dysregulation of cytokine appearance is very important to the pathogenesis of several diseases, for instance, for chronic inflammatory autoimmune illnesses such as arthritis rheumatoid [2]. (iassist2012.org)

2012 Studies of the prototypical glycolipid antigen of iNKT cells an α-galactosylceramide (αGC) known as KRN7000 show the potential for iNKT cells to KM 11060 activate a range of immune effector functions in?vivo. (biotech-angels.com)

In this study, we investigated the antiallergic effects of ginger and 6-gingerol, a major compound of ginger, using a mouse allergy model and primary/cell line culture system. (elsevierpure.com)

Blood cell and serum markers, along with clinical data of DLBCL patients who were scheduled for CART cell therapy were evaluated to search for biomarkers predicting CART cell responsiveness. (frontiersin.org)
ABSTRACT This study assessed changes in serum levels of cytokines IFN and IL-10 (biomarkers of in ammatory changes) and soluble biomarkers sICAM-1 and sE-selectin (biomarkers of endothe- lial dysfunction) in diabetic patients with and without nephropathy. (who.int)

Chest CT demonstrated di use bilateral lung consolidation, and bronchoscopy showed diffuse airway erythema and pink, frothy secretions. (medscape.com)
There are two hallmark phenotypes of allergic asthma: (1) inflammatory, due to a T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response resulting in elevated inflammatory cells in the airways, and (2) airway hyper-reactivity, during which volume and flow of inhaled air decreases as a consequence of airway constriction. (cdc.gov)

The immune cell composition, immune markers alteration, and dysregulation of immune-associated lncRNAs reinforce the impact of the immune microenvironment in OSCC. (bvsalud.org)

Extracellular cues, including those of hormones and cytokines, can also regulate autophagy. (nature.com)

Ganoderic acids C and D were shown to inhibit histamine release from rat mast cells. (researchgate.net)
A study showed that ganoderic acids C and D isolated from G. lucidum inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells [81] . (researchgate.net)

However, there is no clear evidence that adipocytes interact directly with CD8 + T cells through antigen:MHCI complex. (frontiersin.org)
Adipocytes can directly activate CD4 + T cells through antigen:MHCII complex in a contact-dependent manner. (frontiersin.org)
IgE antibodies then attach to mast cells and basophils and upon a secondary exposure to allergen, antigen-antibody binding will occur at these sites. (tocris.com)
Once the graft has escaped the initial acute phase rejection reactions, a cumulative unresponsiveness to the graft develops as the recipient is continually exposed to donor MHC, a stable state that sometimes depends on the development of antigen-specific T-suppressor cells [ 371 , 5349 - 5354 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
TH2 cells produce IL-4 and IL-13, which then act on B-cells to promote the production of antigen-specific IgE. (medscape.com)
Model of adipocytes as antigen presenting cells. (molcells.org)
and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Altered cytokine production can lead to immune dysfunction in patients with cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
We measured the levels of these cytokines in relation to eotaxin and eosinophil production of the Eosinophil Cationic Protein in nasal secretion (N-ECP). (laeknabladid.is)
Increased IL-4 in in nasal secretion in the RSV group compared to healthy controls as well as a good correlation between IL-4 and N-ECP levels in RSV infected infants strongly indicates a relative increase of local production of Th2 cytokines in the RSV group. (laeknabladid.is)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a group of metabolic diseases related to defective production, secretion, or activity of insulin resulting in hyperglycemia associated with deleterious effects on the life quality of patients [ 16 , 17 ], and it is frequently associated with complications that lead to multiple organ dysfunction. (hindawi.com)
Morikawa K, Zhang J, Nonaka M, Morikawa S: Modulatory effect of macrolide antibiotics on the Th1- and Th2-type cytokine production. (karger.com)
To evaluate the association of glycemic control and cytokine production in type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. (bvsalud.org)

In addition to its pro-pruritic effect, several studies acknowledge a role for the H1R on immune cells in mediating inflammatory effects of allergic skin diseases with antagonism of the H1R by several drugs demonstrating anti-inflammatory properties in different experimental models of AD [ 15 - 19 ]. (springeropen.com)
Were observed significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, demonstrating that glycemic control may be associated to the immune inflammatory response of sites with chronic periodontitis. (bvsalud.org)

These reactions tend to be mediated by IgE, which differentiates them from non-IgE-mediated (formerly called anaphylactoid) reactions that involve IgE-independent mast cell and basophil degranulation. (medscape.com)
The MeOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum has an inhibitory action on histamine release from rat mast cells. (researchgate.net)

Surprisingly the induction of Th1 cell- versus Th2 cell-associated cytokines and the extent of NK cell transactivation do not correlate consistently with the potency of different αGC analogs or with the affinity with which they interact with the T?cell receptors (TCRs) of iNKT cells (Im et?al. (biotech-angels.com)

persister cells are clinically relevant, and antimicrobial therapy selects for high-persister strains in vivo. (medscape.com)

Immediately after the graft has been implanted, it is necessary to prevent sensitization of pre-existing mature T cells capable of recognizing the graft. (nanomedicine.com)

Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that low levels of differentiated CD3 + CD27 - CD28 - T cells (23.3 ± 19.3% versus 35.1 ± 18.0%) were independently associated with OR. (frontiersin.org)
We tested for the ability of febrile illness and elevated cytokine levels to predict developmental outcomes, independent of known predictors of stunting, family income, and maternal education. (cdc.gov)

These protein either stabilize (HuR) or destabilize (AUF1, tristetraprolin, and KSRP) cytokine mRNAs by binding to particular sequence elements, frequently AU-rich components (ARE) situated in the 3 untranslated area (3-UTR) from the mRNA. (iassist2012.org)

Lung tissues were also evaluated with respect to histopathological changes and cytokine profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was conducted using a multi-plex array. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy58

Organisms11

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs109

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Interferon-gamma5

Differentiation19

Inflammation20

Macrophages13

Treg10

Proliferation7

Chemokines2

Inflammatory cytokine3

Modulates3

Dendritic8

Interleukin11

Epithelial16

Th1710

Eosinophils3

Cytotoxic10

Antigens11

Induce4

Various cytokines1

Immunity11

Immune responses2

Responses7

Lymphocytes2

Cytotoxicity1

Mediators7

Regulates2

Stimulation2

Subsets4

Receptor3

Infiltration2

Molecules11

Proinflammatory2

Vitro1

Transcriptional1

Mice1

Phenotype1

Secrete1

Expression16

Helper T cel1

Activation3

Peripheral4

Squamous cell carc1

Tissue8

Pathogenesis1

Effector1

Allergy1

Serum2

Airway2

Dysregulation1

Regulate1

Inhibit2

Antigen7

Production6

Anti-inflammatory2

Mast2

Receptors1

Vivo1

Sensitization1

Levels2

MRNA1

Bronchoalveolar1