Crossover recombination genetic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Meiotic recombination is an essential component of eukaryotic sexual reproduction but its frequency varies within and between genomes. (nih.gov)
We compared the genome-wide rates and distribution of meiotic crossovers among the six maps and found considerable differences. (nih.gov)
meiotic recombination. (nih.gov)
in 1977 compared meiotic crossing-over (recombination) in lily and mouse they concluded that diverse eukaryotes share a common pattern. (wikipedia.org)
A high-resolution map of non-crossover events reveals impacts of genetic diversity on mammalian meiotic recombination. (ox.ac.uk)
During meiotic recombination, homologue-templated repair of programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) produces relatively few crossovers and many difficult-to-detect non-crossovers. (ox.ac.uk)
These results demonstrate that local genetic diversity profoundly alters meiotic repair pathway decisions via at least two distinct mechanisms, impacting genome evolution and Prdm9-related hybrid infertility. (ox.ac.uk)
Meiotic MCM Proteins Promote and Inhibit Crossovers During Meiotic Recombination. (harvard.edu)
Raw data accompanying Lorenz A, Mehats A, Osman F, Whitby MC (2014) Rad51/Dmc1 paralogs and mediators oppose DNA helicases to limit hybrid DNA formation and promote crossovers during meiotic recombination. (elsevierpure.com)
Meiotic recombination is a critical process for plant breeding, as it creates novel allele combinations that can be exploited for crop improvement. (nature.com)
In wheat, a complex allohexaploid that has a diploid-like behaviour, meiotic recombination between homoeologous or alien chromosomes is suppressed through the action of several loci. (nature.com)
These data reveal a role for MSH7-3D in meiotic stabilisation of allopolyploidy and provides an opportunity to improve wheat's genetic diversity through alien gene introgression, a major bottleneck facing crop improvement. (nature.com)
The genetics of chromosome pairing and meiotic recombination is complicated by the allopolyploid nature of many crops, a widespread feature in the plant kingdom 3 . (nature.com)
In 'Meiosis', expert researchers explore recent advances in three main areas, including: quantitative genetic methods for analysis of homologous recombination and chromosome pairing, development of direct physical assays for DNA intermediates and products of recombination, and cytological methods for characterizing chromosome behaviors and the patterns by which specific proteins associate with meiotic chromosomes. (nhbs.com)
Meiosis: Volume 1, Molecular and Genetic Methods' details methods for culturing and manipulating commonly used model organisms and protocols for detecting and quantifying meiotic recombination events through genetic and physical analysis of DNA-DNA or Protein-DNA interactions. (nhbs.com)
Comprehensive and cutting edge, 'Meiosis: Volume 1, Molecular and Genetic Methods' is an essential guidebook, providing up-to-date and critical new protocols for the study of meiotic chromosome dynamics. (nhbs.com)
Before meiotic divisions, chromosomes form crossovers, which represent the reciprocal exchanges between the DNA molecules of the homologous partner chromosomes. (rupress.org)
To ensure that every homologous chromosome pair forms at least one crossover-and, perhaps, to aid homologues finding each other in the first place-meiotic cells generate a vast excess of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), most of which are then repaired by "noncrossover" recombination pathways that restore intact DNA molecules without resulting in a crossover. (rupress.org)
The absence of CNTD1 caused immature, precrossover sites containing MutSγ and RNF212 to persist throughout meiotic prophase I. But this wasn't simply due to the failure of crossover maturation: MutSγ foci were gradually eliminated in MutLγ-deficient spermatocytes unable to form mature crossovers. (rupress.org)
In late meiotic prophase, HEI10 specifically concentrates at designated crossover sites, but this localization is lost in the absence of CNTD1. (rupress.org)
Meiotic crossovers ensure accurate chromosome segregation and increase genetic diversity. (bvsalud.org)
Here, through targeted disruption of RAD51C and RAD51D, we generated three new mutants and revealed their later meiotic role in crossover maturation. (bvsalud.org)

Chromosomal crossover, or crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologous chromosomes' non-sister chromatids that results in recombinant chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Synapsis begins before the synaptonemal complex develops and is not completed until near the end of prophase I. Crossover usually occurs when matching regions on matching chromosomes break and then reconnect to the other chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, DNA repair and crossover have been found to favor similar regions on chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
However, an important challenge still facing breeders now is the ability to routinely perform DNA-introgression, a process by which distantly related chromosomes exchange genetic information that is passed onto progeny. (nature.com)
Genetic and cytogenetic studies have revealed the presence of several pairing homoeologous ( Ph ) loci that ensure wheat behaves as a diploid during meiosis, with only homologous chromosomes of the same sub-genome (AA, BB or DD) pairing and recombining. (nature.com)
Males, however, transmit SD chromosomes to nearly 100 percent of their offspring, because SD kills any sperm that do not carry the selfish genetic element. (technologynetworks.com)
In sexual reproduction, chromosomes from the mother and the father swap genetic material to produce new genetic combinations unique to each offspring. (technologynetworks.com)
In most cases, the chromosomes line up properly and crossover. (technologynetworks.com)
But SD is not forward-looking: preventing recombination has led to SD accumulating many more deleterious mutations compared to normal chromosomes. (technologynetworks.com)
Without recombination, natural selection can't purge deleterious mutations effectively, so they can accumulate on SD chromosomes," Larracuente says. (technologynetworks.com)
The unique chromosome dynamics of meiosis have fascinated scientists for well over a century, but in recent years there has been a proliferation of new data concerning the pairing, recombination, and segregation of chromosomes. (nhbs.com)
Due to their lack of recombination, SD chromosomes have begun to show signs of evolutionary degeneration. (eurekalert.org)
GemPharmatech successfully developed Balanced Chromosome Technology to prevent the chromosomes of wild origin from being diluted by genetic recombination during backcrossing. (gempharmatech.com)
This technology involves chromosome inversion, which prevents the crossover of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. (gempharmatech.com)
A wealth of genetic material can be extracted from these newly created inbred mouse strains carrying chromosomes derived from wild mice. (gempharmatech.com)

For fixed set of genetic and environmental conditions, recombination in a particular region of a linkage structure (chromosome) tends to be constant and the same is then true for the crossing-over value which is used in the production of genetic maps. (wikipedia.org)
We find that both crossovers and non-crossovers are strongly depleted at DSB hotspots where the DSB-positioning protein PRDM9 fails to bind to the unbroken homologous chromosome, revealing that PRDM9 also functions to promote homologue-templated repair. (ox.ac.uk)
This finding is highly important, because failure to generate a crossover between homologs leads to chromosome missegregation and can cause human chromosomal birth defects such as Down syndrome, which affects about one in 800 newborns in the United States," said Yu. (medindia.net)
ZIP4 is a ZMM protein involved in homologous recombination and may act as a hub through physical interactions with components of the chromosome axis and other ZMMs 19 . (nature.com)
In a paper published in the journal eLife , the researchers report that SD has caused dramatic changes in chromosome organization and genetic diversity. (technologynetworks.com)
B) Recombination rate of recurrence was mapped in two hereditary intervals in the chromosome I gene cluster described by (hereditary map placement -2.51 to 0.00) and (genetic map placement 0.00 to +2.07). (estme.org)
C) Entire chromosome I mapping recognized an ~7.4-fold upsurge in dual recombination events in in accordance with wildtype. (estme.org)
The highly skewed distribution of recombination events towards the chromosome ends in zebra finches and other estrildid species may function to minimize crossovers in the inverted regions. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination breeding. (helpstudentpoint.com)

citation needed] The second theory comes from the idea that meiosis evolved from bacterial transformation, with the function of propagating genetic diversity. (wikipedia.org)
When Pds5 is removed and sister chromatids become synapsed as a result, the segregation and recombination of homologs essential for genetic diversity fails. (medindia.net)
A process that introduces small random changes in the genetic material of an individual to maintain diversity in the population. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
Wild mice, different from laboratory inbred mice, survive in natural habitats and must adapt to numerous environmental stressors, resulting in greater genetic diversity, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), deletions, and duplication of genomic sequences. (gempharmatech.com)
The first step is generation of Ig diversity by recombination of Ig heavy chain, known as class-switch recombination (CSR), switching from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE. (medscape.com)

It is one of the final phases of genetic recombination, which occurs in the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis during a process called synapsis. (wikipedia.org)
HIM-17 regulates the position of recombination events and GSP-1/2 localization to establish short arm identity on bivalents in meiosis. (harvard.edu)
The MAP kinase pathway coordinates crossover designation with disassembly of synaptonemal complex proteins during meiosis. (harvard.edu)
The kinetochore prevents centromere-proximal crossover recombination during meiosis. (harvard.edu)
Homologous recombination occurs in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells during meiosis crossover and horizontal gene transfer, respectively. (helsinki.fi)
State two ways in which meiosis gives rise to genetic variation. (collepals.com)

Write a simple Python code snippet to implement a genetic algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
This code snippet defines a simple genetic algorithm for solving the TSP. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
Start with a random set of 10 cities and run the genetic algorithm for 100 generations. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
I'll run the genetic algorithm with the provided code snippet for a random set of 10 cities and 100 generations. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
Please note that the results may vary each time you run the algorithm due to the random nature of the initial population and genetic operators. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
GP ) A programming technique which extends the genetic algorithm to the domain of whole computer programs . (computer-dictionary-online.org)
Performance of genetic algorithm is flexible enough to make it applicable to a wide range of problems, such as the problem of placing N queens on N by N chessboard in order that no two queens can attack each other which is known as 'n-Queens problem. (slideshare.net)
Introduction Cont  Genetic algorithm like many of heuristic algorithms, does not guarantee of finding solution because choosing starting point of search and taking steps toward solution have been carried out randomly. (slideshare.net)
After next step has been chosen by genetic algorithm, minimal conflicts algorithm, as a secondary search, look at the adjacent states of the chosen step, to replace it with a better one. (slideshare.net)
Minimal Conflict Algorithm  The role of 'minimal conflicts algorithm' in improving genetic algorithm. (slideshare.net)
Genetic Algorithm  As it is mentioned before, each permutation of possible values of the decision variable can be a candidate to problem's solution. (slideshare.net)
Genetic algorithm is consisted of several operators. (slideshare.net)
This paper proposes to apply the genetic algorithm and the firefly algorithm to enhance the estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) angle of electromagnetic signals of a smart antenna array. (scirp.org)
In this paper analysis of „Electrocardiogram (ECG) PQRSTU-waveforms and prediction of particular decease infection or state of a patient is done using Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), precise Electrocardiogram (ECG) classification to diagnose patientâ s condition is essential. (rroij.com)
And results are analyzed by Genetic Algorithm . (rroij.com)
Their typical similarity metric is modified to a weighted Euclidean metric and automatically adjusted by a genetic algorithm, a heuristic search (optimization) technique. (bvsalud.org)

Focusing on regions of particularly increased or decreased recombination in specific maps, we identified several enriched gene ontologies in these regions and speculate about their local adaptive relevance. (nih.gov)
Unexpectedly, we also find that GC-biased gene conversion is restricted to non-crossover tracts containing only one mismatch. (ox.ac.uk)
NGN-401 is a first ever new gene therapy discovered to cure a rare genetic brain disorder called Rett Syndrome. (medindia.net)
Assuming that plant height is controlled by a single gene, use genetic symbols to explain the F1 phenotype, and indicate the relationship between the two alleles (e.g., dominant, or recessive, or Éetc. (collepals.com)
Researchers recently showed that inactivating a gene, RECQ4 , leads to a three-fold increase in recombination in crops such as rice, pea and tomato. (asps.org.au)
The gene inhibits the exchange of genetic material via recombination (crossover) during the sexual reproduction process in crops. (asps.org.au)
Unequal crossover recombination - population screening for PHOX2B gene polyalanine polymorphism using CE. (cdc.gov)
Besides recombinations with traces limited to the ospC gene itself, there was evidence of lateral gene transfers that involved (i) part of the ospC gene and one of the two flanks or (ii) the entire ospC gene and different lengths of both flanks. (cdc.gov)
Over time, OspC genes were transferred between strains through recombinations involving the whole or parts of the gene and one or both flanks. (cdc.gov)

A new high-density genetic linkage map was constructed by using specific locus amplified fragment sequencing technology. (frontiersin.org)
The discovery of genetic linkage: recombination. (uab.cat)
Linkage maps: calculation of recombination frequency between two points. (uab.cat)

Explain the concept of genetic algorithms. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a type of optimization and search technique inspired by the process of natural selection and evolution. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
The main idea behind genetic algorithms is that the fittest individuals are more likely to produce better offspring, and over time, the population will evolve towards an optimal or near-optimal solution to the problem. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
In the ever-evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, one approach stands out for its ability to harness the power of natural selection and optimization: Genetic Algorithms (GAs). (cash-platform.com)
Genetic Algorithms, first introduced by John Holland in the 1960s, are a subset of evolutionary algorithms inspired by biological evolution. (cash-platform.com)
Genetic Algorithms have found applications in a wide array of fields, demonstrating their adaptability and effectiveness. (cash-platform.com)
As AI continues to advance, the role of Genetic Algorithms will become increasingly prominent. (cash-platform.com)
Drawing more inspiration from biology, such as using genetic algorithms for automated drug design based on molecular biology principles. (cash-platform.com)
Genetic Algorithms, with their foundation in optimization search and evolutionary computation, are poised to make significant contributions to the future of AI. (cash-platform.com)

Proteins responsible for homologous recombination are collectively called recombinases. (helsinki.fi)
Without the activity of enzymes and proteins, the genetic information in the genome would not be able to be expressed and translated into functional proteins. (proprofs.com)
In the early tvventieth century it was thought that proteins might carry genetic information. (proprofs.com)
In the early twentieth century, it was believed that proteins might carry genetic information because proteins were known to be composed of 20 distinct amino acids, whereas DNA is composed of only 4 nucleotides. (proprofs.com)
This difference in complexity led scientists to speculate that proteins, with their larger variety of building blocks, might be better suited to carry genetic information. (proprofs.com)
Genetic material, such as sections of DNA coding for proteins , may be transfected. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Several proteins have been identified that help to specify which DSBs mature into crossovers. (rupress.org)

Biologists at the University of Rochester, including Amanda Larracuente, an associate professor of biology, and Daven Presgraves , a University Dean's Professor of Biology, have for the first time used population genomics to shed light on the evolution and consequences of a selfish genetic element known as Segregation Distorter ( SD ). (technologynetworks.com)

These domestication traits likely consisted of a few major genes controlling dramatic changes in crop physiology, as is suggested by genetic studies comparing maize to its ancestor teosinte (Doebley et al. (springer.com)
Calculate the recombination frequency between the A and L genes. (collepals.com)
Using the first nine offspring in generation III only (1-9), determine the recombination frequency between these two genes. (collepals.com)
class-switch recombination (switching from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE) and somatic hypermutation (introduction of point mutations in the V regions of the Ig genes, the antigen-biding sites, resulting in an expansion of the antibody repertoire to generate high-affinity antigen-specific antibodies). (medscape.com)
Intragenic recombination among ospC genes is known, but the extent to which recombination extended beyond the ospC locus itself is undefined. (cdc.gov)

Measure and interpret genetic variation within and between populations from the perspective of evolution, conservation, and genetic improvement of animals and plants. (uab.cat)
Genetic variation and its sources. (uab.cat)
Between-individual genetic variation is the substrate for selection. (biomedcentral.com)
The only source of genetic variation in asexual organisms is mutation. (libretexts.org)

Recent evidence now points to TaZIP4-B2 (the additional ZIP4 copy on 5BL) as being responsible for the effect of this locus on homoeologous recombination 20 , 21 . (nature.com)

Construction of High-Density Genetic Map and Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Growth Habit-Related Traits of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. (frontiersin.org)

These data are contributing to an increasing comparative effort to gain an understanding of the intra-specific variability of recombination rates and their evolutionary role in honey bees and other social insects. (nih.gov)
So, as new evolutionary optima have been set by environmental changes (e.g., domestication, management practices, biotic or abiotic pressures) or major shifts in genetic background, plant breeders have selected better-adapted genotypes while pursuing faster genetic gains through technological innovations and scientific breakthroughs. (springer.com)
The lack of recombination may also lead to SD' s evolutionary downfall, Presgraves says. (eurekalert.org)
General Schema theory for genetic programming with subtree-swapping crossover: Part I . Evolutionary Computation, 11(1):53-66, 2003. (upenn.edu)

The term chiasma is linked, if not identical, to chromosomal crossover. (wikipedia.org)

Prophase I after a single crossover between two of the non-sister chromatids. (collepals.com)
A single crossover within a pericentric inversion leads to the formation of two chromatids with duplications and deficiencies and two normal chromatids, whereas in paracentric inversions an acentric fragment and a dicentric chromatid along with two normal chromatids are formed [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Scientists from Meiji University developed a new genome editing strategy via single crossover-mediated homologous recombination in rice blast fungus, which involves the CRISPR-Cas9 system. (isaaa.org)

When most eukaryotic cells divide via mitosis and cytokinesis, there is an equal segregation of genetic material and cytoplasm in daughter cells. (jove.com)

5) To know the sources of genetic variability, how measuring and interpret it from a perspective of genetic improvement, conservation and evolution. (uab.cat)

Mouse spermatocytes initially form around 200-300 DSBs, which are subsequently pared down to just 20-30 crossover sites. (rupress.org)
So how does the cell orchestrate repair of all these DSBs at high fidelity, while ensuring that the breaks that become crossovers are distributed appropriately? (rupress.org)
In 2012, Rayka Yokoo and Anne Villeneuve at Stanford University identified a cyclin-related protein in C. elegans named COSA-1 that is required to convert a subset of DSBs into mature crossovers and functions in conjunction with MutSγ ( 5 ). (rupress.org)

Mutation as genetic operator is deprecated so that no repair mechanisms are needed to generate legal TSP tours. (postgresql.org)
Perform crossover and mutation to generate offspring. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
It uses random sampling for the initial population, fitness proportional selection, ordered crossover, and swap mutation. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
The particular phenotype that results depends on the sex of the individual, the location of the block in synthesis, and the severity of the genetic deletion or mutation. (medscape.com)

Selfish genetic elements can wreak havoc by, for instance, distorting sex ratios, impairing fertility, causing harmful mutations, and even potentially causing population extinction. (technologynetworks.com)
Scientists have long recognized that the exchange of genetic material by crossing over-known as recombination-is vital because it empowers natural selection to eliminate deleterious mutations and enable the spread of beneficial mutations. (technologynetworks.com)
Genetic mutations: somatic and germinals. (uab.cat)
EUL) pathway in November 2020, allowing for its first use mutations in domain V, no recombination, and 0-5 VP1 substi- for outbreak response in March 2021 ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)

By intercrossing two diverged mouse subspecies over five generations and deep-sequencing 119 offspring, we detect thousands of crossover and non-crossover events genome-wide with unprecedented power and spatial resolution. (ox.ac.uk)

But the cells failed to form mature crossover sites containing the MutLγ complex, indicating that, like its C. elegans orthologue, CNTD1 is required for crossover maturation. (rupress.org)
It promotes the maturation of some potential crossover sites and decommissions others," Villeneuve explains. (rupress.org)

Rochester researchers used fruit flies as model organisms to study Segregator Distorter (SD), a selfish genetic element that skews the rules of fair genetic transmission. (technologynetworks.com)
The human genome is littered with "selfish genetic elements," which do not seem to benefit their hosts, but instead seek only to propagate themselves. (technologynetworks.com)
The selfish genetic element gains a short-term transmission advantage by shutting down recombination to ensure it gets passed on to all of its offspring. (technologynetworks.com)

Autosomal dominant is a pattern of inheritance characteristic of some genetic disorders. (genome.gov)
Autosomal recessive is a pattern of inheritance characteristic of some genetic disorders. (genome.gov)

TIF) pgen.1007992.s002.tif (2.0M) GUID:?C438DBEE-E74D-46B2-A88C-1FCCF025AA96 S3 Fig: SMRC-1 impacts the distribution of RAD-51 foci and crossover Vaccarin events. (estme.org)

Because CNTD1 contains a cyclin-like domain, the protein may also cooperate with a cyclin-dependent kinase such as CDK2, which also localizes to mature crossover sites in wild-type cells but not in CNTD1-deficient spermatocytes. (rupress.org)

Prophase I during synapsis but before recombination. (collepals.com)

Because these approaches will rely on novel data types such as DNA sequences and high-throughput phenotyping images, Breeding 4 will call for analyses that are complementary to traditional quantitative genetic studies, being based on machine learning techniques which make efficient use of sequence and image data. (springer.com)

A process that combines the genetic material of two selected individuals to create one or more offspring. (conversations-with-gpt-4.com)
In molecular biology, the term transformation has been used in the related sense to refer to the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the uptake, genomic incorporation, and expression of foreign genetic material ( DNA ). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The recombination of genetic material from parents to create new offspring. (cash-platform.com)
Synthesis, structure and function of genetic material. (helpstudentpoint.com)

Similar to ph2 mutant phenotype, we show that mutating MSH7-3D induces a substantial increase in homoeologous recombination (up to 5.5 fold) in wheat-wild relative hybrids, which is also associated with a reduction in homologous recombination. (nature.com)
The idea is to promote crossover between two behaviourally (phenotype) diverse parents such that the probability of children being better than their parents increases. (ucl.ac.uk)

Here, we report positional cloning of Pairing homoeologous 2 (Ph2) and functional validation of the wheat DNA mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D as a key inhibitor of homoeologous recombination, thus solving a half-century-old question. (nature.com)

Are there environmental conditions that promote genetic exchange or the acquisition of genetic elements that confer selective advantage under clinical conditions? (nationalacademies.org)

Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) across mul- during March-October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of tiple countries in Africa and Asia in recent years pose a major the primary attenuating site. (cdc.gov)
EUL process, among other EUL obligations, an extensive plan between nOPV2 and Sabin 1 or unidentified species C entero- was developed and deployed for obtaining and monitoring viruses, with crossover points located in the P3 genomic region nOPV2 isolates detected during acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) (classified as category 6). (cdc.gov)

D) General crossover distribution in mutants resembles wildtype except in period 4. (estme.org)

Homologous recombination produces new genetic combinations for evolution and general way to describe the different steps of homologous recombination is a DSBR model. (helsinki.fi)

Our results show that complex non-crossovers are much rarer in mice than humans, consistent with complex events arising from accumulated non-programmed DNA damage. (ox.ac.uk)

Environmentally-relevant exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) alters regulation of double-strand break formation and crossover designation leading to germline dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. (harvard.edu)

reveal that a cyclin-related protein called CNTD1 helps determine which DSB sites mature into crossovers and which don't ( 1 ). (rupress.org)

Classical recombination operators are studied and empirically evaluated in this context. (mit.edu)

Recognise the molecular, genetic, tissue- and organism-based levels of organisation. (uab.cat)

Starting with a primordial ooze of hundreds or thousands of randomly created programs composed of functions and terminals appropriate to the problem, the population is progressively evolved over a series of generations by applying the operations of Darwinian fitness proportionate reproduction and crossover (sexual recombination). (computer-dictionary-online.org)
The interactions between pathogens and their hosts involve complex and diverse processes at the genetic, biochemical, phenotypic, population, and community levels, while the distribution and abundance of microorganisms in nature and their microbial processes are affected by both biotic and abiotic factors that act at different scales. (nationalacademies.org)

Genetic polymorphisms range in size from single nucleotides (SNPs) to large scale insertions, deletions, or rearrangements that span several millions of base pairs [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In heterokaryotypic individuals (those that are heterozygous for an inversion) recombination within the inverted region is largely suppressed, either because homologous pairing is partially inhibited or because crossovers give rise to unbalanced gametes (carrying deletions or duplications) which will lead to the death of the zygote [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Once IgM B cells are engaged with antigens, B cells start the secondary antibody repertoire generation by undergoing 2 genetic alterations to improve specificity and avidity of the antibody to specific microorganisms. (medscape.com)

Origin, evolution and domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources-conservation and utilization. (helpstudentpoint.com)

In trying to breed the perfect tomato plant (a diploid flowering plant), I have been carrying out some simple genetic experiments. (collepals.com)

Recombinases exhibit ATP hydrolysis coupled DNA-binding activity and strand exchange activities during homologous recombination. (helsinki.fi)
Is the residence time of a pathogen sufficient to allow genetic exchange or change to occur? (nationalacademies.org)

This chapter describes the different parts of the female reproductive system: the organs involved in the process of reproduction, hormones that regulate a woman's body, the menstrual cycle, ovulation and pregnancy, the female's role in genetic division, birth control, sexually transmitted diseases and other diseases and disorders. (wikibooks.org)
RAD51C and RAD51D play an early role in facilitating RAD51 during homologous recombination. (bvsalud.org)

Describe the principles of genetic transmission in living beings across the generations. (uab.cat)

While single-cell sequencing provides valuable insights into cellular differences within diverse tissue samples, current tools are only able to detect a small amount of SNVs, limiting information on genetic ancestry. (mdanderson.org)
As a proof of concept, the researchers applied the tool to uncover genetic determinants of cardiac health, accurately determining ancestry and classifying differences among human populations. (mdanderson.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms6

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes84

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Meiotic22

Chromosomes15

Chromosome9

Diversity5

Meiosis6

Algorithm16

Gene9

Linkage3

Algorithms9

Proteins7

Segregation Distorter1

Genes5

Variation4

Locus1

Loci1

Evolutionary4

Chromosomal1

Single crossover3

Eukaryotic1

Variability1

DSBs3

Mutation4

Mutations4

Genome-wide1

Maturation2

Selfish3

Inheritance2

Foci1

Kinase1

Prophase1

Quantitative genetic1

Material4

Phenotype2

Mismatch1

Promote1

Genomic2

Mutants1

Produces1

Events1

Double-strand1

Reveal1

Operators1

Molecular1

Population2

Deletions2

Alterations1

Crop genetic1

Simple genetic1

Exchange2

Role2

Generations1

Differences2