Coxsackieviruses enterovirus. Medical search. Frequent questions

On the basis of their pathogenesis in humans and animals, the enteroviruses were originally classified into four groups, polioviruses, Coxsackie A viruses (CA), Coxsackie B viruses (CB), and echoviruses, but it was quickly realized that there were significant overlaps in the biological properties of viruses in the different groups. (wikipedia.org)
Of the 81 non-polio types, there are 22 Coxsackie A viruses, 6 Coxsackie B viruses, 28 echoviruses, and 25 other enteroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
Echoviruses (EVs) are RNA viruses of the genus Enterovirus and the family Picornaviridae. (medscape.com)
Other viruses, including Coxsackieviruses and echoviruses, were added to the genus based on their physical and chemical properties. (virology.ws)
Other enteroviruses are the Coxsackie A and B viruses (CVA and CVB) and the echoviruses (ECHO: enteric cytopathic human orphan). (dermnetnz.org)
Some of the coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and EV71 cause exanthems (skin rash or skin eruption as a symptom of a more general disease) or enanthems (rash on the mucous membranes). (dermnetnz.org)
The most dominant epitope was highly conserved among enterovirus species, including HFMD-related coxsackieviruses, HFMD-unrelated echoviruses and polioviruses. (epivax.com)
The most common causes of viral meningitis is a group of viruses known as enteroviruses, which includes coxsackieviruses and echoviruses. (mn.us)
Echoviruses are members of the Enterovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses are divided into 5 subgenera: polioviruses, group A coxsackieviruses, group B coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and the newer enteroviruses. (medscape.com)

Enterovirus is a genus of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses associated with several human and mammalian diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Enteroviruses are members of the picornavirus family, a large and diverse group of small RNA viruses characterized by a single positive-strand genomic RNA. (wikipedia.org)
Enteroviruses are a group of ubiquitous viruses that cause a number of infections which are usually mild. (wikipedia.org)
Coxsackieviruses are nonenveloped viruses with linear single-stranded RNA. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on early observations of their pathogenicity in mice. (medscape.com)
However, coxsackievirus A16 has been one of the viruses recovered from cerebrospinal fluid in a small number of confirmed cases. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses are common human viruses associated with various clinical syndromes, from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae ) are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. (cdc.gov)
The sensitivity of the technique was established at approximately 1 to 100 plaque-forming units of virus per gram of tissue, and the specificity was established as limited to the coxsackievirus B3 serotype among nine viruses tested. (nih.gov)
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a rash illness caused by viruses that belong to the Enterovirus genus (group). (virginia.gov)
Enteroviruses are a family of viruses that are responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) . (medicalnewstoday.com)
It results from infection with non-polio enteroviruses such as coxsackie viruses A16, A4, A5, A9, A10, B2 and B5 and enterovirus 71. (canada.ca)
Non-polio enteroviruses are common ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) viruses that are found worldwide. (canada.ca)
While it was decided to keep the name 'enterovirus' for this group of viruses, it is certainly confusing and I would argue that it should be replaced by a more descriptive name. (virology.ws)
It is commonly caused by coxsackievirus A16 (an enterovirus), and less often by other types of viruses. (maryland.gov)
In relation to "pure" ME, the most studied viruses (and for which there is extensive evidence) have been the enteroviruses, usually Coxsackie B (CBV). (investinme.org)
I believe that the main reason (ME)CFS patients are symptomatic is due to continuing inflammatory response toward viruses living within the cells, enteroviruses in most of the cases I see. (investinme.org)
We have clearly documented certain enterovirus infections triggering autoimmune responses in some patients…Can you imagine how we would feel if there are viruses surviving in our muscles, brains, hearts and gastrointestinal tracts triggering ongoing immune responses? (investinme.org)
Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by a number of different viruses (coxsackie virus and less commonly enterovirus 71). (flutrackers.com)
The coxsackieviruses belong to the genus enterovirus in the family of viruses known as Picornaviradae. (rdhmag.com)
We were recently contacted by researchers at the Pasteur Institute of Beijing (Ruichen Wei, Qiben Leng) who were grappling with an out break of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease, a serious infection caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) among other viruses. (epivax.com)
AFM can be caused by viruses, including enteroviruses, and most patients have respiratory symptoms consistent with a viral infection within one week prior to limb weakness. (floridahealth.gov)
This time period coincides with increased circulation of many viruses, including enteroviruses. (floridahealth.gov)

Thus, coxsackievirus A23 is the same serotype as echovirus 9, and coxsackievirus A15 is the same serotype as coxsackievirus A11 and coxsackievirus A18 is the same serotype as coxsackievirus A13. (wikipedia.org)
echovirus 1-33 and enterovirus B69-113. (wikipedia.org)
Coxsackieviruses belong to the family Picornaviridae and the genus Enterovirus , which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. (medscape.com)
Echovirus 30 and coxsackievirus A9 infection among young neonates with sepsis in Iran by: Abdolnabi Shabani, et al. (uitm.edu.my)
To date, 67 serotypes of enterovirus have been identified, 32 of which belong to the echovirus group. (medscape.com)
On Friday, the WHO confirmed that at least 26 infants in Croatia, France, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom had been infected with a rare type of enterovirus, called echovirus-11. (nbcnews.com)
Echovirus 10 and 28 have been reclassified as reoviruses, and echovirus 9 is now recognized as the same as coxsackievirus A23. (medscape.com)

The genus picornavirus includes enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
Years later the rhinoviruses, which do not replicate in the enteric tract, were added to the enterovirus genus based on nucleotide sequence comparisons. (virology.ws)

With control of poliovirus infections in much of the world, more attention has been focused on understanding the nonpolio enteroviruses such as coxsackieviruses. (medscape.com)
The CDC found that coxsackievirus infections accounted for approximately 25% of all neonatal enterovirus infections (26,737) from 1983 to 2003. (medscape.com)
CI = 0--0.4) than infections with other enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
NESS data allowed identification and description of a core group of consistently circulating enteroviruses that probably determine the disease burden associated with enterovirus infections. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviral infections cover a wide range of illnesses that are caused by enteroviruses (EVs). (dermnetnz.org)
Enterovirus infections can result in a wide variety of disease syndromes. (rdhmag.com)
Most often, enterovirus infections are subclinical or present as mild, upper respiratory-tract symptoms. (rdhmag.com)
Infectious disease experts in the U.S. report a slight rise in enterovirus infections among newborns. (nbcnews.com)
Among the patients infected with coxsackievirus A6, 54% (45/81) had bullae, compared to 25% (5/20) of those having non-coxsackievirus A6 infections (P=0.02). (ntu.edu.tw)
Conclusions: Coxsackievirus A6 infections may cause atypical manifestations of HFMD, including vesicles or papules on faces or bullae on trunks. (ntu.edu.tw)

Historically, poliomyelitis was the most significant disease caused by an enterovirus, namely poliovirus. (wikipedia.org)
Coxsackieviruses share many characteristics with poliovirus. (medscape.com)
The most well known of the enteroviruses is the poliovirus (PV) but this has mostly been eradicated. (dermnetnz.org)
Enteroviruses were first discovered as a result of research efforts concerning the development of better methods for growing the poliovirus. (rdhmag.com)
The routes of transmission for the enteroviruses are the same as for the poliovirus. (rdhmag.com)
Our findings seem to suggest that CD4+ T cell responses to poliovirus following vaccination , or to other enteroviruses to which individuals may be exposed in early childhood, may have a modulating effect on subsequent CD4+ T cell response to EV71 infection . (epivax.com)
Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by a poliovirus (an enterovirus). (msdmanuals.com)

Serologic studies have distinguished 71 human enterovirus serotypes on the basis of antibody neutralization tests. (wikipedia.org)
From 2002-2004, an estimated 16.4-24.3% of these illnesses were attributed to coxsackievirus serotypes. (medscape.com)
Multiple enterovirus serotypes exist. (cdc.gov)
Predominant serotypes and ranking of individual enteroviruses changed over time. (cdc.gov)
A number of enterovirus serotypes have also been associated with severe illness in newborns, including sepsis and general disseminated disease. (rdhmag.com)
They make up the largest Enterovirus subgroup, consisting of 32 serotypes. (medscape.com)
Each subgenus contains numerous unique enterovirus serotypes differentiated based on neutralization of specific antisera. (medscape.com)

Its most common causes are coxsackie virus A16 (CAV 16) and enterovirus 71 (EV 71). (canada.ca)
Nora Chapman et al from the Enterovirus Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, have shown that human enteroviruses Coxsackie B can naturally delete sequence from the 5' end of the RNA genome and that this deletional mechanism results in long-term viral persistence, which has substantially altered the previously held view (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2440640/?tool=pubmed). (investinme.org)
Coxsackie virus symptoms are found among adults who are infected with a virus from the enteroviruses family that thrives inside the human digestive tract. (tandurust.com)

Among them, 422 were infected with coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), 334 were infected with enterovirus 71 (EV71), 38 were co-infected with EV71 and CVA16, and 35 were infected with other enteroviruses. (flutrackers.com)

The CDC reports coxsackievirus A16 as the virus most frequently isolated in hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). (medscape.com)
Although coxsackievirus A16 has historically been the primary etiologic agent of HFMD in the United States, CVA6 has emerged as the cause in many recently reported outbreaks ( 1 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Background: Etiology surveillance of Hand Foot and Mouth disease (HFMD) in Beijing showed that Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) became the major pathogen of HFMD in 2013 and 2015. (uitm.edu.my)
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is most commonly caused by a virus called coxsackievirus A16. (medlineplus.gov)
In the United States, the most common cause of HFMD is infection with an enterovirus called coxsackievirus A16. (medicalnewstoday.com)

A committee sponsored by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis categorized EVs and other enteroviruses (ie, coxsackievirus group A and group B, polioviruses) together in 1957. (medscape.com)

The development of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) has been associated with recent enteroviral infection, particularly coxsackievirus B infection. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses are associated with diverse clinical syndromes ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis) and could be linked with the development of some chronic diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy) ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
Hand, foot and mouth disease (enteroviral stomatitis ) is caused by Coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71. (dermnetnz.org)
This previously unknown and unsuspected aspect of enterovirus replication provides an explanation for reports of enteroviral RNA detected in diseased tissue in the apparent absence of virus particles" (Journal of IiME 2009:3:1). (investinme.org)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention doesn't have an active reporting system for neonatal enteroviral disease or enteroviruses in general. (nbcnews.com)
Though enteroviruses are common, cases of neonatal enteroviral sepsis have historically been rare. (nbcnews.com)

For 2 of the 3 years, coxsackievirus B1 was the predominant serotype. (medscape.com)
Those due to coxsackievirus B4 were associated with a higher mortality rate than any other serotype. (medscape.com)
Enterovirus detections by serotype with specimen type, collection date, and demographic information are reported monthly by participating laboratories to CDC, which summarizes the data and disseminates the results. (cdc.gov)

Coxsackievirus A16 Encephalitis during Obinutuzumab Therapy, Belgium, 2013 by: Tom Eyckmans, et al. (uitm.edu.my)
Central nervous system diseases, including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, are the most commonly recognized serious manifestations of enterovirus infection. (rdhmag.com)

The incubation period for enteroviruses is usually 2-5 days. (dermnetnz.org)
The incubation period for enteroviruses is short, usually less than 10 days. (rdhmag.com)

More than 100 types of enteroviruses can infect people, according to the CDC. (nbcnews.com)
Although we do not have routine surveillance of enteroviruses, CDC does have other surveillance systems that we use to monitor and quickly assess signals for outbreaks and increases in specific types of enteroviruses," Dr. Janell Routh, the head of the CDC's division of viral diseases, said in a statement. (nbcnews.com)
types of enteroviruses like coxsackieviruses. (cdc.gov)

Materials and Methods: Through our first screening assay, we found that coxsackievirus A11 (CVA11) displayed potent oncolytic activities. (elsevierpure.com)

We obtained 2 coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) strains isolated in 2008 and 2016 from the National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. (cdc.gov)
Bioinformatic analysis of the sequences identified coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in all four nasopharyngeal specimens. (cdc.gov)

Enteroviruses are named by their transmission-route through the intestine ('enteric' meaning intestinal). (wikipedia.org)
The term enterovirus reflects enteric transmission of the virus via person-to-person spread. (medscape.com)

In general, group A coxsackieviruses tend to infect the skin and mucous membranes, causing herpangina , acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), and hand-foot-and-mouth (HFM) disease. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses can infect all tissues of the human body. (medscape.com)
Most enteroviruses cause a very mild disease in the children that they infect," Dr. Mike Ryan, the executive director of the World Health Organization's health emergencies program, said in a briefing Wednesday. (nbcnews.com)

On the basis of its physical, chemical, and biological properties, the virus was classified as an enterovirus in the picornavirus family. (virology.ws)

How does thymus infection by coxsackievirus contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes? (uitm.edu.my)

Nonpolio enteroviruses. (medlineplus.gov)

Systemic neonatal disease often is associated with group B coxsackieviruses. (medscape.com)

The National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) in Winnipeg performs typing for enteroviruses and asks that provinces and territories send all isolates to NML as part of ongoing enterovirus surveillance. (canada.ca)

The National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS) is a voluntary, passive surveillance system that has monitored trends in circulating enteroviruses since 1961. (cdc.gov)
Efforts to increase laboratory participation in NESS should continue to allow for more complete and accurate surveillance for enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
We'll be discussing the epidemiology and surveillance of acute flaccid myelitis and its relationship with enterovirus D68. (cdc.gov)

[ 1 ] Enteroviruses are among the most common and important human pathogens with 9 different species classified(Enterovirus A-H and I). (medscape.com)
Coxsackievirus B5 infection induces dysregulation of microRNAs predicted to target known type 1 diabetes risk genes in human pancreatic islets. (nature.com)
The enteroviruses gain entrance to their human host via the oropharynx and then replicate in the epithelial and lymphoid cells of the intestinal tract. (rdhmag.com)
We tested whether coxsackievirus A11 (CVA11) has oncolytic activity in human CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)

Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a highly contagious disease caused by the coxsackieviruses. (rdhmag.com)

Both group A and group B coxsackieviruses can cause nonspecific febrile illnesses, rashes, upper respiratory tract disease, and aseptic meningitis . (medscape.com)

Group A coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a flaccid paralysis that was caused by generalized myositis, whereas group B coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a spastic paralysis due to focal muscle injury and degeneration of neuronal, pancreatic, and myocardial tissue. (medscape.com)

Enteroviruses affect millions of people worldwide each year and are often found in the respiratory secretions (e.g., saliva, sputum, or nasal mucus) and stool of an infected person. (wikipedia.org)
Coxsackieviruses primarily are transmitted via the fecal-oral route and respiratory aerosols, although transmission via fomites also is possible. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] Coxsackieviruses have been identified in the respiratory tract up to 3 weeks after initial infection and in feces up to 8 weeks after initial infection. (medscape.com)
Readers might wonder why a virus that causes respiratory illness is called an enterovirus. (virology.ws)
Although enteroviruses are isolated in the highest titers and for the longest period of time in stool specimens, respiratory secretions may also be involved. (rdhmag.com)

Many enteroviruses cause diseases with associated cutaneous or mucous membrane reactions. (dermnetnz.org)
The diseases associated with the enteroviruses tend to occur in epidemics. (rdhmag.com)
The two enterovirus diseases that have oral implications include hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina. (rdhmag.com)
These features could provide valuable information to distinguish this versatile enterovirus infection from other virus-induced vesiculobullous diseases. (ntu.edu.tw)

There are 81 non-polio and 3 polio enteroviruses that can cause disease in humans. (wikipedia.org)

Coxsackievirus B3 is a possible etiologic agent in some forms of myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. (nih.gov)

Specimens collected from patients with AFM have detected coxsackievirus A16, enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and antibodies specific to enteroviruses. (floridahealth.gov)

Numerous group A coxsackieviruses are responsible for causing CNS disease similar to poliomyelitis. (medscape.com)
Further studies with mice identified two groups of the coxsackievirus, group A and group B. Many illnesses were soon recognized as being related to these coxsackieviruses. (rdhmag.com)
Infection results in immunity to the specific virus, but a second episode may occur following infection with a different member of the enterovirus group. (kendallhealth.org)

Interestingly, the enterovirus species EV-A, EV-B, EV-C, EV-D have not been observed so far to exchange genomic regions among them, with the exception of the 5'UTR. (wikipedia.org)

Methods: In order to study sex differences in the innate immune response, five male and female BALB/c mice were infected intraperitoneally with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) or phosphate buffered saline and their spleens were harvested 12 h later for microarray analysis. (elsevierpure.com)

A method for the detection of coxsackievirus B3 RNA was developed using the polymerase chain reaction based on the amplification of a cDNA copy of the positive-strand viral RNA. (nih.gov)
Simultaneous Point-of-Care Detection of Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus B3. (bvsalud.org)

All enteroviruses contain a genome of approximately 7,500 bases and are known to have a high mutation rate due to low-fidelity replication and frequent recombination. (wikipedia.org)
The precise site of viral entry and initial replication in the GI tract is not well established, but researchers have demonstrated the presence of enteroviruses in mucosal M cells. (medscape.com)
Following replication, enteroviruses spread to regional lymph nodes and cause subclinical transient viremia. (medscape.com)

Transmission of enteroviruses may be increased by poor hygiene and overcrowded living conditions. (canada.ca)
Given that viral circulation has been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, we remain vigilant to any changes in enterovirus transmission. (nbcnews.com)

Enteroviruses are the cause of many illnesses including the common cold. (dermnetnz.org)

A confirmed case was defined as an illness meeting the clinical case definition with laboratory identification of an enterovirus. (cdc.gov)

Enteroviruses can severely affect newborns, whose immune systems aren't mature enough to fight off infection. (nbcnews.com)
The cases in Europe, however, have prompted Creech and his colleagues to make sure pediatricians and families with newborns are aware of the potential for enteroviruses. (nbcnews.com)
Creech's team is already treating more newborns hospitalized with enteroviruses than usual. (nbcnews.com)

Molecular epidemiological features of the Coxsackievirus A10 circulation in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia by: Lyudmila V. Butakova, et al. (uitm.edu.my)
Enteroviruses have been classified into five groups based on their molecular properties. (dermnetnz.org)

Once someone is infected, the enteroviruses implant and replicate in the alimentary tract. (dermnetnz.org)

We're hearing reports from around the country of all of our children's hospitals having some degree of significant enterovirus this summer," said Dr. Buddy Creech, a pediatric infectious disease doctor at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee. (nbcnews.com)

And in addition, a growing amount of recent laboratory research has provided additional evidence that enteroviruses, and especially EV-D68, play a role in AFM. (cdc.gov)

It should gain more attention as there may be an upward trend in co-circulation of the two pathogens globally and the new role recombination plays in the emergence of new enterovirus variants. (flutrackers.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms13

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes5

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science2

Health Care3

Echoviruses10

Viruses23

Echovirus7

Genus2

Infections10

Poliovirus7

Serotypes7

Coxsackie3

EV711

HFMD5

Polioviruses1

Enteroviral6

Serotype3

Encephalitis2

Incubation period for enteroviruses2

Types of enteroviruses3

Found that coxsackievirus1

CVA62

Enteric2

Infect3

Picornavirus family1

Pathogenesis1

Nonpolio1

Neonatal1

Isolates1

Surveillance3

Human4

Highly contagious1

Febrile1

Flaccid1

Respiratory5

Diseases4

Humans1

Etiologic agent1

Antibodies1

Group3

Species1

Mice1

Detection2

Replication3

Transmission2

Illnesses1

Illness1

Newborns3

Molecular2

Replicate1

Disease1

Laboratory1

Circulation1